The Experts below are selected from a list of 9849 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Laurent Eisenlohr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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urban Underground development confronted by the challenges of groundwater resources guidelines dedicated to the construction of Underground Structures in urban aquifers
Land Use Policy, 2017Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Urban subsoil provides space, groundwater, geothermal energy and geomaterials, and the importance underlying the management of this strategic space is well-known. In the context of vertical urban growth, groundwater management is a crucial issue. In particular, operational tools dedicated to urban planners are needed in urban areas prone to conflicts over use in order to aid the decision-making process. The aim of this paper is to propose guidelines dedicated to urban Underground development in view to incorporating groundwater resource management. These guidelines are supported by analyses of the scientific literature dealing with: (1) the impacts caused by Underground Structures on urban groundwater, and (2) the quantitative overview of urban groundwater resources at the operational level in terms of quantity, quality and temperature. Finally, perspectives are discussed regarding the research work needed to ensure better management of urban groundwater resources confronted by Underground development.
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deterministic modeling of the impact of Underground Structures on urban groundwater temperature
Science of The Total Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Underground Structures have a major influence on groundwater temperature and have a major contribution on the anthropogenic heat fluxes into urban aquifers. Groundwater temperature is crucial for resource management as it can provide operational sustainability indicators for groundwater quality and geothermal energy. Here, a three dimensional heat transport modeling approach was conducted to quantify the thermally affected zone (TAZ, i.e. increase in temperature of more than +0.5°C) caused by two common Underground Structures: (1) an impervious structure and (2) a draining structure. These design techniques consist in (1) ballasting the Underground structure in order to resist hydrostatic pressure, or (2) draining the groundwater under the structure in order to remove the hydrostatic pressure. The volume of the TAZ caused by these Underground Structures was shown to range from 14 to 20 times the volume of the Underground structure. Additionally, the cumulative impact of Underground Structures was assessed under average thermal conditions at the scale of the greater Lyon area (France). The heat island effect caused by Underground Structures was highlighted in the business center of the city. Increase in temperature of more than +4.5°C were locally put in evidence. The annual heat flow from Underground Structures to the urban aquifer was computed deterministically and represents 4.5GW·h. Considering these impacts, the TAZ of deep Underground Structures should be taken into account in the geothermal potential mapping. Finally, the amount of heat energy provided should be used as an indicator of heating potential in these areas.
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review impact of Underground Structures on the flow of urban groundwater
Hydrogeology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Property economics favours the vertical development of cities but flow of groundwater can be affected by the use of Underground space in them. This review article presents the state of the art regarding the impact of disturbances caused by Underground Structures (tunnels, basements of buildings, deep foundations, etc.) on the groundwater flow in urban aquifers. The Structures built in the Underground levels of urban areas are presented and organised in terms of their impact on flow: obstacle to the flow or disturbance of the groundwater budget of the flow system. These two types of disturbance are described in relation to the structure area and the urban area. The work reviewed shows, on one hand, the individual impacts of different urban Underground Structures, and on the other, their cumulative impacts on flow, using real case studies. Lastly, the works are placed in perspective regarding the integration of Underground Structures with the aim of operational management of an urban aquifer. The literature presents deterministic numerical modelling as a tool capable of contributing to this aim, in that it helps to quantify the effect of an Underground infrastructure project on groundwater flow, which is crucial for decision-making processes. It can also be an operational decision-aid tool for choosing construction techniques or for formulating strategies to manage the water resource.
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Review: Impact of Underground Structures on the flow of urban groundwater
Hydrogeology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Economia de propriedade favorece o desenvolvimento vertical das cidades, mas o fluxo das águas subterrâneas pode ser afetado pela utilização do espaço subterrâneo. Este artigo apresenta o estado da arte sobre o impacto das perturbações causadas por estruturas subterrâneas (túneis, fundação de edifícios, fundações profundas, etc.) no fluxo das águas subterrâneas em aquíferos urbanos. As estruturas construídas nos níveis subterrâneos de áreas urbanas são apresentadas e organizadas em termos do seu impacto sobre o fluxo: obstáculo ao fluxo ou perturbação do balanço hídrico subterrâneo no sistema de fluxo. Esses dois tipos de perturbação são descritos em relação à área da estrutura e da área urbana. O estudo analisado mostra, por um lado, os impactos individuais de diferentes estruturas subterrâneas urbanas, e, por outro lado, os seus efeitos cumulativos sobre o fluxo, usando estudos de caso real. Por último, as obras são colocadas em perspectiva a respeito da integração das estruturas subterrâneas com o objetivo de gestão operacional de um aquífero urbano. A literatura apresenta modelagem numérica determinística como uma ferramenta capaz de contribuir para este objetivo, na medida em que ajuda a quantificar o efeito de um projeto de infraestruturas subterrâneas no fluxo de águas subterrâneas, o que é crucial para os processos de tomada de decisão. Isso também pode ser uma ferramenta de apoio à decisão operacional para a escolha de técnicas de construção ou para a formulação de estratégias para gerir o recurso hídrico. 产权经济有利于城市的纵向发展,但地下水流可能受到城市地下空间利用的影响。本篇论述文章展示了地下结构(隧道、建筑物地下室及深层地基等)对城区含水层地下水流造成的干扰影响现状。论述了城区地下建造的结构及其对水流的影响:成为水流的障碍或水流系统地下水平衡的干扰因素。描述了与结构区和城区有关的这两种类型的干扰。通过研究实例,论述的工作一方面显示了不同城区地下结构的单个影响,另一方面采用显示了对水流的积累影响。最后,正确安排地下水结构整合方面的工作,目的就是做好城区含水层的运行管理。文献展示了确定性的数值模拟作为工具能有利于实现这个目标,数值模拟有助于定量化地下基础设施对地下水流的影响,这种影响对决策过程至关重要。它还可以成为选择建设技术或指定水资源管理战略的经营决策支持工具。 L’économie du foncier favorise le développement vertical des villes, mais l’écoulement des eaux souterraines peut être affecté par l’utilisation de l’espace souterrain. Cet article présente l’état de l’art en ce qui concerne l’impact et les perturbations causées par les ouvrages souterrains (tunnels, sous-sols de bâtiments, fondations profondes, etc.) sur l’écoulement des eaux souterraines dans les aquifères urbanisés. Les Structures construites dans les niveaux souterrains des zones urbaines sont présentées et organisées en fonction de leur incidence sur les écoulements: obstacle à l’écoulement ou perturbation du bilan d’eau souterraine du système d’écoulement. Ces deux types de perturbations sont décrits à l'échelle de l'ouvrage et à l'échelle de l'aire urbaine. La revue des travaux présente, d’une part, les impacts individuels de différentes Structures souterraines urbaines, et de l’autre, leurs effets cumulatifs sur les écoulements, à partir d’études de cas réels. Enfin, les travaux sont mis en perspective en ce qui concerne l’intégration des Structures souterraines dans le but de la gestion opérationnelle d’un aquifère urbain. La littérature présente la modélisation numérique déterministe comme un outil capable de contribuer à cet objectif, en ce qu’elle permet de quantifier l’effet d’un projet d’infrastructure souterraine sur l’écoulement des eaux souterraines, ce qui est crucial pour les processus de prise de décision. La modélisation numérique peut constituer un outil opérationnel d’aide à la décision pour la sélection de techniques de construction ou pour formuler des stratégies de gestion de la ressource en eau. Las características económicas favorecen el desarrollo vertical de las ciudades pero el flujo del agua subterránea puede ser afectado por el uso del espacio subterráneo en ellas. Este artículo de revisión presenta el estado del arte en relación al impacto de las perturbaciones causadas por las estructuras de subsuelo (túneles, sótanos de edificios, fundaciones profundas, etc.) en el flujo de agua subterránea en los acuíferos de zonas urbanas. Se presentan las estructuras construidas en niveles del subsuelo de las zonas urbanas y se organizan en función de su impacto en el flujo: obstáculo para el flujo o perturbación del balance del agua subterránea en el sistema de flujo. Se describen estos dos tipos de perturbaciones en relación con el área de la estructura y la zona urbana. Los trabajos revisados muestran, por una parte, los impactos individuales de diferentes estructuras del subsuelo urbano, y por otro, su efecto acumulativo sobre el flujo, utilizando estudios de casos reales. Finalmente, las obras se sitúan en perspectiva con respecto a la integración de las estructuras del subsuelo con el objetivo de la gestión operativa de un acuífero urbano. La literatura presenta a la modelización numérica determinística como una herramienta capaz de contribuir a este objetivo, ya que ayuda a cuantificar el efecto de un proyecto de una infraestructura del subsuelo en el flujo de las aguas subterráneas, lo cual es crucial en los procesos de toma de decisiones. También puede ser una herramienta de ayuda en la operación de la elección de las técnicas de construcción o de la formulación de estrategias de la gestión del recurso hídrico. Property economics favours the vertical development of cities but flow of groundwater can be affected by the use of Underground space in them. This review article presents the state of the art regarding the impact of disturbances caused by Underground Structures (tunnels, basements of buildings, deep foundations, etc.) on the groundwater flow in urban aquifers. The Structures built in the Underground levels of urban areas are presented and organised in terms of their impact on flow: obstacle to the flow or disturbance of the groundwater budget of the flow system. These two types of disturbance are described in relation to the structure area and the urban area. The work reviewed shows, on one hand, the individual impacts of different urban Underground Structures, and on the other, their cumulative impacts on flow, using real case studies. Lastly, the works are placed in perspective regarding the integration of Underground Structures with the aim of operational management of an urban aquifer. The literature presents deterministic numerical modelling as a tool capable of contributing to this aim, in that it helps to quantify the effect of an Underground infrastructure project on groundwater flow, which is crucial for decision-making processes. It can also be an operational decision-aid tool for choosing construction techniques or for formulating strategies to manage the water resource.
Guillaume Attard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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urban Underground development confronted by the challenges of groundwater resources guidelines dedicated to the construction of Underground Structures in urban aquifers
Land Use Policy, 2017Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Urban subsoil provides space, groundwater, geothermal energy and geomaterials, and the importance underlying the management of this strategic space is well-known. In the context of vertical urban growth, groundwater management is a crucial issue. In particular, operational tools dedicated to urban planners are needed in urban areas prone to conflicts over use in order to aid the decision-making process. The aim of this paper is to propose guidelines dedicated to urban Underground development in view to incorporating groundwater resource management. These guidelines are supported by analyses of the scientific literature dealing with: (1) the impacts caused by Underground Structures on urban groundwater, and (2) the quantitative overview of urban groundwater resources at the operational level in terms of quantity, quality and temperature. Finally, perspectives are discussed regarding the research work needed to ensure better management of urban groundwater resources confronted by Underground development.
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deterministic modeling of the impact of Underground Structures on urban groundwater temperature
Science of The Total Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Underground Structures have a major influence on groundwater temperature and have a major contribution on the anthropogenic heat fluxes into urban aquifers. Groundwater temperature is crucial for resource management as it can provide operational sustainability indicators for groundwater quality and geothermal energy. Here, a three dimensional heat transport modeling approach was conducted to quantify the thermally affected zone (TAZ, i.e. increase in temperature of more than +0.5°C) caused by two common Underground Structures: (1) an impervious structure and (2) a draining structure. These design techniques consist in (1) ballasting the Underground structure in order to resist hydrostatic pressure, or (2) draining the groundwater under the structure in order to remove the hydrostatic pressure. The volume of the TAZ caused by these Underground Structures was shown to range from 14 to 20 times the volume of the Underground structure. Additionally, the cumulative impact of Underground Structures was assessed under average thermal conditions at the scale of the greater Lyon area (France). The heat island effect caused by Underground Structures was highlighted in the business center of the city. Increase in temperature of more than +4.5°C were locally put in evidence. The annual heat flow from Underground Structures to the urban aquifer was computed deterministically and represents 4.5GW·h. Considering these impacts, the TAZ of deep Underground Structures should be taken into account in the geothermal potential mapping. Finally, the amount of heat energy provided should be used as an indicator of heating potential in these areas.
-
review impact of Underground Structures on the flow of urban groundwater
Hydrogeology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Property economics favours the vertical development of cities but flow of groundwater can be affected by the use of Underground space in them. This review article presents the state of the art regarding the impact of disturbances caused by Underground Structures (tunnels, basements of buildings, deep foundations, etc.) on the groundwater flow in urban aquifers. The Structures built in the Underground levels of urban areas are presented and organised in terms of their impact on flow: obstacle to the flow or disturbance of the groundwater budget of the flow system. These two types of disturbance are described in relation to the structure area and the urban area. The work reviewed shows, on one hand, the individual impacts of different urban Underground Structures, and on the other, their cumulative impacts on flow, using real case studies. Lastly, the works are placed in perspective regarding the integration of Underground Structures with the aim of operational management of an urban aquifer. The literature presents deterministic numerical modelling as a tool capable of contributing to this aim, in that it helps to quantify the effect of an Underground infrastructure project on groundwater flow, which is crucial for decision-making processes. It can also be an operational decision-aid tool for choosing construction techniques or for formulating strategies to manage the water resource.
-
Review: Impact of Underground Structures on the flow of urban groundwater
Hydrogeology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Economia de propriedade favorece o desenvolvimento vertical das cidades, mas o fluxo das águas subterrâneas pode ser afetado pela utilização do espaço subterrâneo. Este artigo apresenta o estado da arte sobre o impacto das perturbações causadas por estruturas subterrâneas (túneis, fundação de edifícios, fundações profundas, etc.) no fluxo das águas subterrâneas em aquíferos urbanos. As estruturas construídas nos níveis subterrâneos de áreas urbanas são apresentadas e organizadas em termos do seu impacto sobre o fluxo: obstáculo ao fluxo ou perturbação do balanço hídrico subterrâneo no sistema de fluxo. Esses dois tipos de perturbação são descritos em relação à área da estrutura e da área urbana. O estudo analisado mostra, por um lado, os impactos individuais de diferentes estruturas subterrâneas urbanas, e, por outro lado, os seus efeitos cumulativos sobre o fluxo, usando estudos de caso real. Por último, as obras são colocadas em perspectiva a respeito da integração das estruturas subterrâneas com o objetivo de gestão operacional de um aquífero urbano. A literatura apresenta modelagem numérica determinística como uma ferramenta capaz de contribuir para este objetivo, na medida em que ajuda a quantificar o efeito de um projeto de infraestruturas subterrâneas no fluxo de águas subterrâneas, o que é crucial para os processos de tomada de decisão. Isso também pode ser uma ferramenta de apoio à decisão operacional para a escolha de técnicas de construção ou para a formulação de estratégias para gerir o recurso hídrico. 产权经济有利于城市的纵向发展,但地下水流可能受到城市地下空间利用的影响。本篇论述文章展示了地下结构(隧道、建筑物地下室及深层地基等)对城区含水层地下水流造成的干扰影响现状。论述了城区地下建造的结构及其对水流的影响:成为水流的障碍或水流系统地下水平衡的干扰因素。描述了与结构区和城区有关的这两种类型的干扰。通过研究实例,论述的工作一方面显示了不同城区地下结构的单个影响,另一方面采用显示了对水流的积累影响。最后,正确安排地下水结构整合方面的工作,目的就是做好城区含水层的运行管理。文献展示了确定性的数值模拟作为工具能有利于实现这个目标,数值模拟有助于定量化地下基础设施对地下水流的影响,这种影响对决策过程至关重要。它还可以成为选择建设技术或指定水资源管理战略的经营决策支持工具。 L’économie du foncier favorise le développement vertical des villes, mais l’écoulement des eaux souterraines peut être affecté par l’utilisation de l’espace souterrain. Cet article présente l’état de l’art en ce qui concerne l’impact et les perturbations causées par les ouvrages souterrains (tunnels, sous-sols de bâtiments, fondations profondes, etc.) sur l’écoulement des eaux souterraines dans les aquifères urbanisés. Les Structures construites dans les niveaux souterrains des zones urbaines sont présentées et organisées en fonction de leur incidence sur les écoulements: obstacle à l’écoulement ou perturbation du bilan d’eau souterraine du système d’écoulement. Ces deux types de perturbations sont décrits à l'échelle de l'ouvrage et à l'échelle de l'aire urbaine. La revue des travaux présente, d’une part, les impacts individuels de différentes Structures souterraines urbaines, et de l’autre, leurs effets cumulatifs sur les écoulements, à partir d’études de cas réels. Enfin, les travaux sont mis en perspective en ce qui concerne l’intégration des Structures souterraines dans le but de la gestion opérationnelle d’un aquifère urbain. La littérature présente la modélisation numérique déterministe comme un outil capable de contribuer à cet objectif, en ce qu’elle permet de quantifier l’effet d’un projet d’infrastructure souterraine sur l’écoulement des eaux souterraines, ce qui est crucial pour les processus de prise de décision. La modélisation numérique peut constituer un outil opérationnel d’aide à la décision pour la sélection de techniques de construction ou pour formuler des stratégies de gestion de la ressource en eau. Las características económicas favorecen el desarrollo vertical de las ciudades pero el flujo del agua subterránea puede ser afectado por el uso del espacio subterráneo en ellas. Este artículo de revisión presenta el estado del arte en relación al impacto de las perturbaciones causadas por las estructuras de subsuelo (túneles, sótanos de edificios, fundaciones profundas, etc.) en el flujo de agua subterránea en los acuíferos de zonas urbanas. Se presentan las estructuras construidas en niveles del subsuelo de las zonas urbanas y se organizan en función de su impacto en el flujo: obstáculo para el flujo o perturbación del balance del agua subterránea en el sistema de flujo. Se describen estos dos tipos de perturbaciones en relación con el área de la estructura y la zona urbana. Los trabajos revisados muestran, por una parte, los impactos individuales de diferentes estructuras del subsuelo urbano, y por otro, su efecto acumulativo sobre el flujo, utilizando estudios de casos reales. Finalmente, las obras se sitúan en perspectiva con respecto a la integración de las estructuras del subsuelo con el objetivo de la gestión operativa de un acuífero urbano. La literatura presenta a la modelización numérica determinística como una herramienta capaz de contribuir a este objetivo, ya que ayuda a cuantificar el efecto de un proyecto de una infraestructura del subsuelo en el flujo de las aguas subterráneas, lo cual es crucial en los procesos de toma de decisiones. También puede ser una herramienta de ayuda en la operación de la elección de las técnicas de construcción o de la formulación de estrategias de la gestión del recurso hídrico. Property economics favours the vertical development of cities but flow of groundwater can be affected by the use of Underground space in them. This review article presents the state of the art regarding the impact of disturbances caused by Underground Structures (tunnels, basements of buildings, deep foundations, etc.) on the groundwater flow in urban aquifers. The Structures built in the Underground levels of urban areas are presented and organised in terms of their impact on flow: obstacle to the flow or disturbance of the groundwater budget of the flow system. These two types of disturbance are described in relation to the structure area and the urban area. The work reviewed shows, on one hand, the individual impacts of different urban Underground Structures, and on the other, their cumulative impacts on flow, using real case studies. Lastly, the works are placed in perspective regarding the integration of Underground Structures with the aim of operational management of an urban aquifer. The literature presents deterministic numerical modelling as a tool capable of contributing to this aim, in that it helps to quantify the effect of an Underground infrastructure project on groundwater flow, which is crucial for decision-making processes. It can also be an operational decision-aid tool for choosing construction techniques or for formulating strategies to manage the water resource.
Thierry Winiarski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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urban Underground development confronted by the challenges of groundwater resources guidelines dedicated to the construction of Underground Structures in urban aquifers
Land Use Policy, 2017Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Urban subsoil provides space, groundwater, geothermal energy and geomaterials, and the importance underlying the management of this strategic space is well-known. In the context of vertical urban growth, groundwater management is a crucial issue. In particular, operational tools dedicated to urban planners are needed in urban areas prone to conflicts over use in order to aid the decision-making process. The aim of this paper is to propose guidelines dedicated to urban Underground development in view to incorporating groundwater resource management. These guidelines are supported by analyses of the scientific literature dealing with: (1) the impacts caused by Underground Structures on urban groundwater, and (2) the quantitative overview of urban groundwater resources at the operational level in terms of quantity, quality and temperature. Finally, perspectives are discussed regarding the research work needed to ensure better management of urban groundwater resources confronted by Underground development.
-
deterministic modeling of the impact of Underground Structures on urban groundwater temperature
Science of The Total Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Underground Structures have a major influence on groundwater temperature and have a major contribution on the anthropogenic heat fluxes into urban aquifers. Groundwater temperature is crucial for resource management as it can provide operational sustainability indicators for groundwater quality and geothermal energy. Here, a three dimensional heat transport modeling approach was conducted to quantify the thermally affected zone (TAZ, i.e. increase in temperature of more than +0.5°C) caused by two common Underground Structures: (1) an impervious structure and (2) a draining structure. These design techniques consist in (1) ballasting the Underground structure in order to resist hydrostatic pressure, or (2) draining the groundwater under the structure in order to remove the hydrostatic pressure. The volume of the TAZ caused by these Underground Structures was shown to range from 14 to 20 times the volume of the Underground structure. Additionally, the cumulative impact of Underground Structures was assessed under average thermal conditions at the scale of the greater Lyon area (France). The heat island effect caused by Underground Structures was highlighted in the business center of the city. Increase in temperature of more than +4.5°C were locally put in evidence. The annual heat flow from Underground Structures to the urban aquifer was computed deterministically and represents 4.5GW·h. Considering these impacts, the TAZ of deep Underground Structures should be taken into account in the geothermal potential mapping. Finally, the amount of heat energy provided should be used as an indicator of heating potential in these areas.
-
review impact of Underground Structures on the flow of urban groundwater
Hydrogeology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Property economics favours the vertical development of cities but flow of groundwater can be affected by the use of Underground space in them. This review article presents the state of the art regarding the impact of disturbances caused by Underground Structures (tunnels, basements of buildings, deep foundations, etc.) on the groundwater flow in urban aquifers. The Structures built in the Underground levels of urban areas are presented and organised in terms of their impact on flow: obstacle to the flow or disturbance of the groundwater budget of the flow system. These two types of disturbance are described in relation to the structure area and the urban area. The work reviewed shows, on one hand, the individual impacts of different urban Underground Structures, and on the other, their cumulative impacts on flow, using real case studies. Lastly, the works are placed in perspective regarding the integration of Underground Structures with the aim of operational management of an urban aquifer. The literature presents deterministic numerical modelling as a tool capable of contributing to this aim, in that it helps to quantify the effect of an Underground infrastructure project on groundwater flow, which is crucial for decision-making processes. It can also be an operational decision-aid tool for choosing construction techniques or for formulating strategies to manage the water resource.
-
Review: Impact of Underground Structures on the flow of urban groundwater
Hydrogeology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Economia de propriedade favorece o desenvolvimento vertical das cidades, mas o fluxo das águas subterrâneas pode ser afetado pela utilização do espaço subterrâneo. Este artigo apresenta o estado da arte sobre o impacto das perturbações causadas por estruturas subterrâneas (túneis, fundação de edifícios, fundações profundas, etc.) no fluxo das águas subterrâneas em aquíferos urbanos. As estruturas construídas nos níveis subterrâneos de áreas urbanas são apresentadas e organizadas em termos do seu impacto sobre o fluxo: obstáculo ao fluxo ou perturbação do balanço hídrico subterrâneo no sistema de fluxo. Esses dois tipos de perturbação são descritos em relação à área da estrutura e da área urbana. O estudo analisado mostra, por um lado, os impactos individuais de diferentes estruturas subterrâneas urbanas, e, por outro lado, os seus efeitos cumulativos sobre o fluxo, usando estudos de caso real. Por último, as obras são colocadas em perspectiva a respeito da integração das estruturas subterrâneas com o objetivo de gestão operacional de um aquífero urbano. A literatura apresenta modelagem numérica determinística como uma ferramenta capaz de contribuir para este objetivo, na medida em que ajuda a quantificar o efeito de um projeto de infraestruturas subterrâneas no fluxo de águas subterrâneas, o que é crucial para os processos de tomada de decisão. Isso também pode ser uma ferramenta de apoio à decisão operacional para a escolha de técnicas de construção ou para a formulação de estratégias para gerir o recurso hídrico. 产权经济有利于城市的纵向发展,但地下水流可能受到城市地下空间利用的影响。本篇论述文章展示了地下结构(隧道、建筑物地下室及深层地基等)对城区含水层地下水流造成的干扰影响现状。论述了城区地下建造的结构及其对水流的影响:成为水流的障碍或水流系统地下水平衡的干扰因素。描述了与结构区和城区有关的这两种类型的干扰。通过研究实例,论述的工作一方面显示了不同城区地下结构的单个影响,另一方面采用显示了对水流的积累影响。最后,正确安排地下水结构整合方面的工作,目的就是做好城区含水层的运行管理。文献展示了确定性的数值模拟作为工具能有利于实现这个目标,数值模拟有助于定量化地下基础设施对地下水流的影响,这种影响对决策过程至关重要。它还可以成为选择建设技术或指定水资源管理战略的经营决策支持工具。 L’économie du foncier favorise le développement vertical des villes, mais l’écoulement des eaux souterraines peut être affecté par l’utilisation de l’espace souterrain. Cet article présente l’état de l’art en ce qui concerne l’impact et les perturbations causées par les ouvrages souterrains (tunnels, sous-sols de bâtiments, fondations profondes, etc.) sur l’écoulement des eaux souterraines dans les aquifères urbanisés. Les Structures construites dans les niveaux souterrains des zones urbaines sont présentées et organisées en fonction de leur incidence sur les écoulements: obstacle à l’écoulement ou perturbation du bilan d’eau souterraine du système d’écoulement. Ces deux types de perturbations sont décrits à l'échelle de l'ouvrage et à l'échelle de l'aire urbaine. La revue des travaux présente, d’une part, les impacts individuels de différentes Structures souterraines urbaines, et de l’autre, leurs effets cumulatifs sur les écoulements, à partir d’études de cas réels. Enfin, les travaux sont mis en perspective en ce qui concerne l’intégration des Structures souterraines dans le but de la gestion opérationnelle d’un aquifère urbain. La littérature présente la modélisation numérique déterministe comme un outil capable de contribuer à cet objectif, en ce qu’elle permet de quantifier l’effet d’un projet d’infrastructure souterraine sur l’écoulement des eaux souterraines, ce qui est crucial pour les processus de prise de décision. La modélisation numérique peut constituer un outil opérationnel d’aide à la décision pour la sélection de techniques de construction ou pour formuler des stratégies de gestion de la ressource en eau. Las características económicas favorecen el desarrollo vertical de las ciudades pero el flujo del agua subterránea puede ser afectado por el uso del espacio subterráneo en ellas. Este artículo de revisión presenta el estado del arte en relación al impacto de las perturbaciones causadas por las estructuras de subsuelo (túneles, sótanos de edificios, fundaciones profundas, etc.) en el flujo de agua subterránea en los acuíferos de zonas urbanas. Se presentan las estructuras construidas en niveles del subsuelo de las zonas urbanas y se organizan en función de su impacto en el flujo: obstáculo para el flujo o perturbación del balance del agua subterránea en el sistema de flujo. Se describen estos dos tipos de perturbaciones en relación con el área de la estructura y la zona urbana. Los trabajos revisados muestran, por una parte, los impactos individuales de diferentes estructuras del subsuelo urbano, y por otro, su efecto acumulativo sobre el flujo, utilizando estudios de casos reales. Finalmente, las obras se sitúan en perspectiva con respecto a la integración de las estructuras del subsuelo con el objetivo de la gestión operativa de un acuífero urbano. La literatura presenta a la modelización numérica determinística como una herramienta capaz de contribuir a este objetivo, ya que ayuda a cuantificar el efecto de un proyecto de una infraestructura del subsuelo en el flujo de las aguas subterráneas, lo cual es crucial en los procesos de toma de decisiones. También puede ser una herramienta de ayuda en la operación de la elección de las técnicas de construcción o de la formulación de estrategias de la gestión del recurso hídrico. Property economics favours the vertical development of cities but flow of groundwater can be affected by the use of Underground space in them. This review article presents the state of the art regarding the impact of disturbances caused by Underground Structures (tunnels, basements of buildings, deep foundations, etc.) on the groundwater flow in urban aquifers. The Structures built in the Underground levels of urban areas are presented and organised in terms of their impact on flow: obstacle to the flow or disturbance of the groundwater budget of the flow system. These two types of disturbance are described in relation to the structure area and the urban area. The work reviewed shows, on one hand, the individual impacts of different urban Underground Structures, and on the other, their cumulative impacts on flow, using real case studies. Lastly, the works are placed in perspective regarding the integration of Underground Structures with the aim of operational management of an urban aquifer. The literature presents deterministic numerical modelling as a tool capable of contributing to this aim, in that it helps to quantify the effect of an Underground infrastructure project on groundwater flow, which is crucial for decision-making processes. It can also be an operational decision-aid tool for choosing construction techniques or for formulating strategies to manage the water resource.
Yvan Rossier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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urban Underground development confronted by the challenges of groundwater resources guidelines dedicated to the construction of Underground Structures in urban aquifers
Land Use Policy, 2017Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Urban subsoil provides space, groundwater, geothermal energy and geomaterials, and the importance underlying the management of this strategic space is well-known. In the context of vertical urban growth, groundwater management is a crucial issue. In particular, operational tools dedicated to urban planners are needed in urban areas prone to conflicts over use in order to aid the decision-making process. The aim of this paper is to propose guidelines dedicated to urban Underground development in view to incorporating groundwater resource management. These guidelines are supported by analyses of the scientific literature dealing with: (1) the impacts caused by Underground Structures on urban groundwater, and (2) the quantitative overview of urban groundwater resources at the operational level in terms of quantity, quality and temperature. Finally, perspectives are discussed regarding the research work needed to ensure better management of urban groundwater resources confronted by Underground development.
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deterministic modeling of the impact of Underground Structures on urban groundwater temperature
Science of The Total Environment, 2016Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Underground Structures have a major influence on groundwater temperature and have a major contribution on the anthropogenic heat fluxes into urban aquifers. Groundwater temperature is crucial for resource management as it can provide operational sustainability indicators for groundwater quality and geothermal energy. Here, a three dimensional heat transport modeling approach was conducted to quantify the thermally affected zone (TAZ, i.e. increase in temperature of more than +0.5°C) caused by two common Underground Structures: (1) an impervious structure and (2) a draining structure. These design techniques consist in (1) ballasting the Underground structure in order to resist hydrostatic pressure, or (2) draining the groundwater under the structure in order to remove the hydrostatic pressure. The volume of the TAZ caused by these Underground Structures was shown to range from 14 to 20 times the volume of the Underground structure. Additionally, the cumulative impact of Underground Structures was assessed under average thermal conditions at the scale of the greater Lyon area (France). The heat island effect caused by Underground Structures was highlighted in the business center of the city. Increase in temperature of more than +4.5°C were locally put in evidence. The annual heat flow from Underground Structures to the urban aquifer was computed deterministically and represents 4.5GW·h. Considering these impacts, the TAZ of deep Underground Structures should be taken into account in the geothermal potential mapping. Finally, the amount of heat energy provided should be used as an indicator of heating potential in these areas.
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review impact of Underground Structures on the flow of urban groundwater
Hydrogeology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Property economics favours the vertical development of cities but flow of groundwater can be affected by the use of Underground space in them. This review article presents the state of the art regarding the impact of disturbances caused by Underground Structures (tunnels, basements of buildings, deep foundations, etc.) on the groundwater flow in urban aquifers. The Structures built in the Underground levels of urban areas are presented and organised in terms of their impact on flow: obstacle to the flow or disturbance of the groundwater budget of the flow system. These two types of disturbance are described in relation to the structure area and the urban area. The work reviewed shows, on one hand, the individual impacts of different urban Underground Structures, and on the other, their cumulative impacts on flow, using real case studies. Lastly, the works are placed in perspective regarding the integration of Underground Structures with the aim of operational management of an urban aquifer. The literature presents deterministic numerical modelling as a tool capable of contributing to this aim, in that it helps to quantify the effect of an Underground infrastructure project on groundwater flow, which is crucial for decision-making processes. It can also be an operational decision-aid tool for choosing construction techniques or for formulating strategies to manage the water resource.
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Review: Impact of Underground Structures on the flow of urban groundwater
Hydrogeology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Guillaume Attard, Yvan Rossier, Thierry Winiarski, Laurent EisenlohrAbstract:Economia de propriedade favorece o desenvolvimento vertical das cidades, mas o fluxo das águas subterrâneas pode ser afetado pela utilização do espaço subterrâneo. Este artigo apresenta o estado da arte sobre o impacto das perturbações causadas por estruturas subterrâneas (túneis, fundação de edifícios, fundações profundas, etc.) no fluxo das águas subterrâneas em aquíferos urbanos. As estruturas construídas nos níveis subterrâneos de áreas urbanas são apresentadas e organizadas em termos do seu impacto sobre o fluxo: obstáculo ao fluxo ou perturbação do balanço hídrico subterrâneo no sistema de fluxo. Esses dois tipos de perturbação são descritos em relação à área da estrutura e da área urbana. O estudo analisado mostra, por um lado, os impactos individuais de diferentes estruturas subterrâneas urbanas, e, por outro lado, os seus efeitos cumulativos sobre o fluxo, usando estudos de caso real. Por último, as obras são colocadas em perspectiva a respeito da integração das estruturas subterrâneas com o objetivo de gestão operacional de um aquífero urbano. A literatura apresenta modelagem numérica determinística como uma ferramenta capaz de contribuir para este objetivo, na medida em que ajuda a quantificar o efeito de um projeto de infraestruturas subterrâneas no fluxo de águas subterrâneas, o que é crucial para os processos de tomada de decisão. Isso também pode ser uma ferramenta de apoio à decisão operacional para a escolha de técnicas de construção ou para a formulação de estratégias para gerir o recurso hídrico. 产权经济有利于城市的纵向发展,但地下水流可能受到城市地下空间利用的影响。本篇论述文章展示了地下结构(隧道、建筑物地下室及深层地基等)对城区含水层地下水流造成的干扰影响现状。论述了城区地下建造的结构及其对水流的影响:成为水流的障碍或水流系统地下水平衡的干扰因素。描述了与结构区和城区有关的这两种类型的干扰。通过研究实例,论述的工作一方面显示了不同城区地下结构的单个影响,另一方面采用显示了对水流的积累影响。最后,正确安排地下水结构整合方面的工作,目的就是做好城区含水层的运行管理。文献展示了确定性的数值模拟作为工具能有利于实现这个目标,数值模拟有助于定量化地下基础设施对地下水流的影响,这种影响对决策过程至关重要。它还可以成为选择建设技术或指定水资源管理战略的经营决策支持工具。 L’économie du foncier favorise le développement vertical des villes, mais l’écoulement des eaux souterraines peut être affecté par l’utilisation de l’espace souterrain. Cet article présente l’état de l’art en ce qui concerne l’impact et les perturbations causées par les ouvrages souterrains (tunnels, sous-sols de bâtiments, fondations profondes, etc.) sur l’écoulement des eaux souterraines dans les aquifères urbanisés. Les Structures construites dans les niveaux souterrains des zones urbaines sont présentées et organisées en fonction de leur incidence sur les écoulements: obstacle à l’écoulement ou perturbation du bilan d’eau souterraine du système d’écoulement. Ces deux types de perturbations sont décrits à l'échelle de l'ouvrage et à l'échelle de l'aire urbaine. La revue des travaux présente, d’une part, les impacts individuels de différentes Structures souterraines urbaines, et de l’autre, leurs effets cumulatifs sur les écoulements, à partir d’études de cas réels. Enfin, les travaux sont mis en perspective en ce qui concerne l’intégration des Structures souterraines dans le but de la gestion opérationnelle d’un aquifère urbain. La littérature présente la modélisation numérique déterministe comme un outil capable de contribuer à cet objectif, en ce qu’elle permet de quantifier l’effet d’un projet d’infrastructure souterraine sur l’écoulement des eaux souterraines, ce qui est crucial pour les processus de prise de décision. La modélisation numérique peut constituer un outil opérationnel d’aide à la décision pour la sélection de techniques de construction ou pour formuler des stratégies de gestion de la ressource en eau. Las características económicas favorecen el desarrollo vertical de las ciudades pero el flujo del agua subterránea puede ser afectado por el uso del espacio subterráneo en ellas. Este artículo de revisión presenta el estado del arte en relación al impacto de las perturbaciones causadas por las estructuras de subsuelo (túneles, sótanos de edificios, fundaciones profundas, etc.) en el flujo de agua subterránea en los acuíferos de zonas urbanas. Se presentan las estructuras construidas en niveles del subsuelo de las zonas urbanas y se organizan en función de su impacto en el flujo: obstáculo para el flujo o perturbación del balance del agua subterránea en el sistema de flujo. Se describen estos dos tipos de perturbaciones en relación con el área de la estructura y la zona urbana. Los trabajos revisados muestran, por una parte, los impactos individuales de diferentes estructuras del subsuelo urbano, y por otro, su efecto acumulativo sobre el flujo, utilizando estudios de casos reales. Finalmente, las obras se sitúan en perspectiva con respecto a la integración de las estructuras del subsuelo con el objetivo de la gestión operativa de un acuífero urbano. La literatura presenta a la modelización numérica determinística como una herramienta capaz de contribuir a este objetivo, ya que ayuda a cuantificar el efecto de un proyecto de una infraestructura del subsuelo en el flujo de las aguas subterráneas, lo cual es crucial en los procesos de toma de decisiones. También puede ser una herramienta de ayuda en la operación de la elección de las técnicas de construcción o de la formulación de estrategias de la gestión del recurso hídrico. Property economics favours the vertical development of cities but flow of groundwater can be affected by the use of Underground space in them. This review article presents the state of the art regarding the impact of disturbances caused by Underground Structures (tunnels, basements of buildings, deep foundations, etc.) on the groundwater flow in urban aquifers. The Structures built in the Underground levels of urban areas are presented and organised in terms of their impact on flow: obstacle to the flow or disturbance of the groundwater budget of the flow system. These two types of disturbance are described in relation to the structure area and the urban area. The work reviewed shows, on one hand, the individual impacts of different urban Underground Structures, and on the other, their cumulative impacts on flow, using real case studies. Lastly, the works are placed in perspective regarding the integration of Underground Structures with the aim of operational management of an urban aquifer. The literature presents deterministic numerical modelling as a tool capable of contributing to this aim, in that it helps to quantify the effect of an Underground infrastructure project on groundwater flow, which is crucial for decision-making processes. It can also be an operational decision-aid tool for choosing construction techniques or for formulating strategies to manage the water resource.
Xiuli Du - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A new method for the evaluation of the ultimate seismic capacity of rectangular Underground Structures
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Dechun Lu, Xiuli Du, Chao Ma, Xin WangAbstract:Abstract The ultimate seismic capacity of Underground Structures should be known to provide a sufficient seismic resistance during the seismic design, due to the irreparable and difficulty of reconstruction after collapsed. However, existing single-factor evaluation methods, including inter-story drift ratio, stress, strain, etc., only present the serviceability seismic capacity and cannot reflect the seismic damage mechanism of Underground Structures. This paper proposes a performance-based evaluation method to assess the ultimate seismic capacity of rectangular Underground Structures by considering both the characteristics of the structure itself and earthquake loadings. Ultimate horizontal deformation capacity envelope and failure ratio, derived from the seismic collapse mechanism of rectangular Underground Structures, are the key assessment parameters of the ultimate seismic capacity. Because the horizontal deformation capacity of the Underground Structures affected by the vertical loads was taken into account, the obtained ultimate seismic capacity is a band range and expressed with the PGA of earthquakes. The detailed procedure of the evaluation method is demonstrated step by step. Afterwards, a case study is presented to evaluate the ultimate seismic capacity of Daikai station influenced by the spectral characteristics and duration of earthquakes. The predominant periods of earthquakes which the structure might be sensitive to are discussed. The proposed method provides a detailed understanding of the performance-based seismic evaluation of rectangular Underground Structures and can be extended to characterize other seismic performance levels of the rectangular Underground Structures in the future work.
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Simplified equivalent static methods for seismic analysis of shallow buried rectangular Underground Structures
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Zigang Xu, Xiuli Du, Chengshun Xu, Jiawei JiangAbstract:Abstract Simplified equivalent static methods are widely used in seismic design and analysis of Underground Structures. The relative shear deformation of the soil is usually considered as the main earthquake load in the existing simplified methods, including the free-field racking deformation method, flexible coefficient method, response displacement method, response acceleration method, and pushover analysis method. However, the inertia force of the overburden soil caused by the vertical earthquake motion does not attract sufficient attention in many design specifications. The recent studies revealed that the large vertical inertia force made a significant influence on the shear strength and deformation capacity of the support components in the Underground Structures, especially for the shallow buried ones. Firstly, based on the earthquake damage investigation of shallow buried rectangular Underground Structures and the analysis model of response displacement method (RDM), this paper proposes the vertical inertia force-response displacement method (VIF-RDM), in which the vertical inertia force of overburden soil is taken into account. The calculation methods of two critical parameters of the VIF-RDM are described in detail, including the coefficients of the foundation springs around the structure and the maximum vertical inertia force of the overburden soil. Afterwards, the integral vertical inertia force-response displacement method (IVIF-RDM) is put forward to reduce the computational complexity and calculation error of the foundation springs. The surrounding soil model is directly used to calculate the equivalent earthquake loads, which are caused by the relative displacement of the free field. The two proposed simplified methods and RDM are compared with the time-history analysis method (THAM) in a real Underground structure. The results show a significant difference in the axial force of the central column between the two proposed methods and RDM. The proposed methods reflect the internal forces of the structure under the strong earthquake more accurately. Therefore, it can be used to evaluate the seismic safety performance of the shallow buried rectangular Underground Structures in the future.
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Structural components functionalities and failure mechanism of rectangular Underground Structures during earthquakes
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Chao Ma, Xiuli Du, Dechun Lu, Cheng-zhi Qi, Xiang-yang ZhangAbstract:Abstract Seismic performance of rectangular Underground Structures as a hot topic was studied systematically for decades. However, less attention was paid to the functionalities of the structural components. This paper presents a detailed numerical investigation of the seismic responses of rectangular Underground Structures and aims to explore the functionalities of the structural components. A three-dimensional numerical model for nonlinear dynamic responses simulations of Underground Structures was built, and the seismic responses of a rectangular Underground structure under multiple ground motions were simulated. Dynamic response data, including internal forces, drifts of the columns and walls were obtained and analysed. Results of the proportions of seismic loads undertaken by the structural components explicitly illustrated the functionalities of the structural components before and during earthquakes. Then the failure process of Daikai station during the Great Hanshin earthquake was simulated, and the loading and deformation capacities of the slabs, as well as the intermediate columns and lateral walls, were presented. In terms of the load carrying capacities and functionalities of the structural components, the failure mechanism of the Structures was better to understand, and the intermediate columns as the supporting components for the rectangular Underground Structures were proposed. The conclusions are beneficial to the seismic design of Underground Structures.
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seismic performance upgrading for Underground Structures by introducing sliding isolation bearings
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Dechun Lu, Xiuli DuAbstract:Abstract Isolation bearings have been a widely applied seismic strengthening technique in above ground Structures. Whereas, the sliding isolation bearings were seldom used in Underground Structures. This study aims to explore the feasibility of sliding isolation bearings reducing the seismic response of Underground Structures. The collapse mechanism of Underground Structures was firstly analyzed by taking the Daikai Station as an example. Numerical results demonstrated that the collapse of the structure was due to the poor ductility of the intermediate columns. Therefore, the sliding isolation bearing could be installed between the columns and the beam to reduce the lateral deformations of columns. In order to determine an appropriate coefficient for sliding bearings, static analyses for the capacity of columns were conducted. Moreover, the performances of a beam-bearing-column system were also investigated. Finally, seismic responses of the Underground structure retrofitted with bearings were studied. Numerical results presented that the responses of both columns and the whole structure were reduced remarkably. Moreover, the frictional coefficient of bearing influencing the seismic responses of Underground Structures was discussed. And some interesting conclusions were also obtained for the seismic design of Underground Structures.
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effect of buried depth on seismic response of rectangular Underground Structures considering the influence of ground loss
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: Dechun Lu, Xiuli Du, Chengzi QiAbstract:Abstract Great efforts have been made in investigating the effect of buried depth influencing the seismic response of rectangular Underground Structures, however, a consensus hasn’t been achieved yet. This paper presents numerical studies on seismic behaviors of rectangular Underground Structures at different buried depths, and aims to illustrate the rule that buried depth effects the seismic response of Underground Structures. Firstly, to describe the softening and over-consolidated propertied of soils, a 3D elastoplastic constitutive model was developed. Then the stress states of the Underground Structures and surrounding soils before earthquakes, which were one of the most important issues and generally ignored in the previous studies, were discussed detailedly. Afterwards, three-dimensional numerical models for nonlinear earthquake response simulations of Underground Structures were built, and the seismic responses of the rectangular structure at various buried depths and under multiple ground motions were simulated. And vertical and horizontal deformations of both the Underground Structures and surrounding soils were systematically studied. Consequently, a buried depth of the strongest seismic response for Underground Structures was proposed based on the exploration of the relations between the buried depth and the structural distortions of Underground Structures as well as the ground subsidence. Finally, pertinence suggestions were proposed for the seismic design of Underground Structures at different buried depths.
