The Experts below are selected from a list of 99 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
David A. Nolin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Kin Preference and Partner Choice
Human Nature, 2011Co-Authors: David A. NolinAbstract:This paper presents a comparison of social kinship (patrilineage) and biological kinship (genetic relatedness) in predicting cooperative relationships in two different economic contexts in the fishing and whaling village of Lamalera, Indonesia. A previous analysis (Alvard, Human Nature 14:129–163, 2003 ) of boat crew affiliation data collected in the village in 1999 found that social kinship (patrilineage) was a better predictor of crew affiliation than was genetic kinship. A replication of this analysis using similar data collected in 2006 finds the same pattern: lineage is a better predictor than genetic kinship of crew affiliation, and the two together explain little additional variance over that explained by lineage alone. However, an analogous test on food-sharing relationships finds the opposite pattern: biological kinship is a better predictor of food-sharing relationships than is social kinship. The difference between these two cooperative contexts is interpreted in terms of kin preferences that shape partner choice, and the relative autonomy with which individuals can seek to satisfy those preferences. Drawing on stable matching theory, it is suggested that Unilineal Descent may serve as a stable compromise among multiple individuals’ incongruent partner preferences, with patriliny favored over matriliny in the crew-formation context because it leads to higher mean degrees of relatedness among male cooperators. In the context of food-sharing, kin preferences can be pursued relatively autonomously, without the necessity of coordinating preferences with those of other households through the institution of lineage.
-
Kin preference and partner choice: patrilineal Descent and biological kinship in Lamaleran cooperative relationships.
Human nature (Hawthorne N.Y.), 2011Co-Authors: David A. NolinAbstract:This paper presents a comparison of social kinship (patrilineage) and biological kinship (genetic relatedness) in predicting cooperative relationships in two different economic contexts in the fishing and whaling village of Lamalera, Indonesia. A previous analysis (Alvard, Human Nature 14:129-163, 2003) of boat crew affiliation data collected in the village in 1999 found that social kinship (patrilineage) was a better predictor of crew affiliation than was genetic kinship. A replication of this analysis using similar data collected in 2006 finds the same pattern: lineage is a better predictor than genetic kinship of crew affiliation, and the two together explain little additional variance over that explained by lineage alone. However, an analogous test on food-sharing relationships finds the opposite pattern: biological kinship is a better predictor of food-sharing relationships than is social kinship. The difference between these two cooperative contexts is interpreted in terms of kin preferences that shape partner choice, and the relative autonomy with which individuals can seek to satisfy those preferences. Drawing on stable matching theory, it is suggested that Unilineal Descent may serve as a stable compromise among multiple individuals' incongruent partner preferences, with patriliny favored over matriliny in the crew-formation context because it leads to higher mean degrees of relatedness among male cooperators. In the context of food-sharing, kin preferences can be pursued relatively autonomously, without the necessity of coordinating preferences with those of other households through the institution of lineage.
Olaf H Smedal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Unilineal Descent and the house – again: The Ngadha, eastern Indonesia
Bijdragen tot de taal- land- en volkenkunde Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia, 2020Co-Authors: Olaf H SmedalAbstract:The article deals with the social organisation of the Ngadha (Flores, eastern Indonesia), of which there are contradictory accounts. While it has been suggested that that the Ngadha are best described as Unilineal (matrilineal), others, including the author, hold that the more accurate label is cognatic. The first part of the article outlines central characteristics of Unilineality. The second part is more ethnographic. Drawing on his own field research and publications as well as on earlier literature, the author discusses the claim advanced in BKI (by Susanne Schroter, 2005) that the Ngadha have a matrilineal kinship system. He concludes that, superficial appearances notwithstanding, the appellation is misplaced.
-
Unilineal Descent and the house again the ngadha eastern indonesia
Bijdragen tot de taal- land- en volkenkunde Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia, 2011Co-Authors: Olaf H SmedalAbstract:The article deals with the social organisation of the Ngadha (Flores, eastern Indonesia), of which there are contradictory accounts. While it has been suggested that that the Ngadha are best described as Unilineal (matrilineal), others, including the author, hold that the more accurate label is cognatic. The first part of the article outlines central characteristics of Unilineality. The second part is more ethnographic. Drawing on his own field research and publications as well as on earlier literature, the author discusses the claim advanced in BKI (by Susanne Schroter, 2005) that the Ngadha have a matrilineal kinship system. He concludes that, superficial appearances notwithstanding, the appellation is misplaced.
Raphael Patai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
a discussion of endogamous Unilineal Descent groups is long overdue
2016Co-Authors: Raphael PataiAbstract:because the very existence of such groups has hitherto been either largely overlooked or else explicitly or implicitly denied in general structural studies dealing with the Unilineal Descent group (in the following: UDG), and because the identification of exogamous marriage patterns with the UDG has led to certain distortions in the latter's generalized portraiture. I Let us begin with a few examples of the neglect of the endogamous variety of UDGs. Of general texts in anthropology, those of Herskovits and Slotkin can illustrate two approaches to the phenomenon. Herskovits, in his Man and His Works (1948:289-309), discusses exogamy in some detail but says absolutely nothing about endogamy, although in a chapter on "Social Organization: the Structure of Society" one would expect at least a brief reference to the fact that in some societies the marriage preference is endogamous. Slotkin (1950:440) divides hereditary kinship groups into (a) unilateral and exogamous, and (b) bilateral and either open or endogamous; he does not mention the third possibility, namely, that a hereditary kinship group can be unilateral and endogamous. This omission is the more remarkable since in giving his only example of a unilateral, exogamous, patrilineal, and patrilocal kinship group, he refers to the Arabs of the South-Palestinian village Artas (p. 441, quoting Granquist 1935:51), who, however, are endogamous. Of general theoretical discussions devoted to UDGs, we can take Fortes' influential paper, "The Structure of Unilineal Descent Groups" (1953), as typifying the silence with reference to endogamous UDGs. In this paper, Fortes summarizes the findings of British anthropologists (including his own) in the field of African kinship studies and gives an excellent outline of the main
Pierre Savy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Inheritance, Identity, Corruption
L'Homme, 2020Co-Authors: Pierre SavyAbstract:In three different contexts, a structurally identical form of Descent came into use: Europe of the Middle Ages with the principle that “the worst wins”; modern Spain with limpieza de sangre; and the 20th century United States with the “one-drop rule”. HypoDescent, which occurs more frequently than hyperDescent, assigns the children of a mixed marriage to the subordinate group. This system contrasts with Unilineal Descent and rejects complex senses of identity such as mulatto or mestizo. Its classification differs from that of 20th century racist theories. Even though cases of hypoDescent differ from each other as to their finality and sense of identity, they all reflect the same need to classify and the same anxiety about the breeding of “evil”. Despite the slight continuity between them, they all belong to the history of strongly growing countries or regions that had to cope with change and otherness.
-
Inheritance, identity, corruption: Thoughts about three cases of hypoDescent.
L'Homme, 2020Co-Authors: Pierre SavyAbstract:In three different contexts, a structurally identical form of Descent came into use: Europe of the Middle Ages with the principle that (the worst wins) ; modern Spain with limpieza de sangre; and the 20(th) century United States with the (one-drop rule). HypoDescent, which occurs more frequently than hyperDescent, assigns the children of a mixed marriage to the subordinate group. This system contrasts with Unilineal Descent and rejects complex senses of identity such as mulatto or mestizo. Its classification differs from that of 20(th) century racist theories. Even though cases of hypoDescent differ from each other as to their finality and sense of identity, they all reflect the same need to classify and the same anxiety about the breeding of (evil). Despite the slight continuity between them, they all belong to the history of strongly growing countries or regions that had to cope with change and otherness.
Quentin Gausset - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
double Unilineal Descent and triple kinship terminology the case of the kwanja of cameroon
Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 1998Co-Authors: Quentin GaussetAbstract:Bien que les terminologies de parente soient generalement classees selon leur conformite a certains types traditionnels, il n'est pas possible de classer ainsi la terminologie Kwanja, qui contient a la fois une equivalence Hawaienne entre cognats, et les regles de projection oblique Crow et Omaha. L'A. decrit la maniere dont ces regles terminologiques opposees coexistent et montre comment l'usage de la terminologie est constamment renegocie dans la pratique quotidienne. La coexistence de caracteristiques Crow et Omaha au sein d'une meme terminologie debouche par ailleurs sur une critique de certaines explications fonctionnelles des regles de projection oblique. Elle fournit egalement des arguments pour soutenir le projet de Needham d'une deconstruction des typologies traditionnelles.
