The Experts below are selected from a list of 16248 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Werner B. F. Brouwer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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time is money investigating the value of leisure time and Unpaid Work
Value in Health, 2018Co-Authors: K Verbooy, R Hoefman, Job Van Exel, Werner B. F. BrouwerAbstract:Objectives: Lost Unpaid Work and leisure time of patients due to ill health often are not included in economic evaluations, even in those taking a societal perspective. This study investigated the monetary value of Unpaid Work and leisure time to enable the inclusion of patient time in economic evaluations. Methods: A contingent valuation study was performed to derive monetary values of Unpaid Work and leisure time. Data were collected with an online survey among a representative sample of people 18 years and older in the Netherlands in terms of age, sex, and educational level in January 2014 (n ¼ 316). Willingness-to-accept (WTA) and willingness-to-pay (WTP) values were analyzed with a two-part model. First, a logistic regression model investigated the willingness to trade in the WTA/WTP tasks. Second, a log-transformed ordinary least squares regression model analyzed the level of positive WTA and WTP values. Results: The average WTA value for Unpaid Work was V15.83, and the average WTA value for leisure time was V15.86. The mean WTP value for leisure time was V9.37 when traded against Unpaid Work, and V9.56 when traded against paid Work. Differences in monetary values of Unpaid Work and leisure time were partly explained by respondents’ income, educational level, age, and household composition. Conclusions: Researchers can adhere to the societal perspective by also including the value of hours of lost Unpaid Work and leisure time in economic evaluations. As a first indication of its value, we suggest applying the WTA value of V16.
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Unpaid Work in health economic evaluations.
Social Science & Medicine, 2015Co-Authors: Marieke Krol, Werner B. F. BrouwerAbstract:Given its societal importance, Unpaid Work should be included in economic evaluations of health care technology aiming to take a societal perspective. However, in practice this does not often appear to be the case. This paper provides an overview of the current place of Unpaid Work in economic evaluations in theory and in practice. It does so first by summarizing recommendations regarding the inclusion of Unpaid labor reported in health economic textbooks and national guidelines for economic evaluations. In total, three prominent health economic text-books were studied and 28 national health economic guidelines. The paper, moreover, provides an overview of the instruments available to measure lost Unpaid labor and reports on a review of the place of Unpaid labor in applied economic evaluations in the area of rheumatoid arthritis. The review was conducted by examining methodology of evaluations published between 1 March 2008 and 1 March 2013.
Paula Mcdonald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Unpaid Work experience and internships: A growing and contested feature of the future of Work
The Future of Work and Employment, 2020Co-Authors: Paula Mcdonald, Deanna Grant-smithAbstract:A central feature of Work and Workplace transformations globally has been the rapid expansion of internships and educationally focused Work experience. Such experiences are now widely considered foundational in facilitating ‘employability’ and as a pathway into a reconfigured paid labour market. The practice of Unpaid Work and internships is therefore a crucial, yet under-recognised dimension of debates about the future of Work and employment relations. This chapter addresses three streams of research that have advanced knowledge of trends in relation to the future of (Unpaid) Work experience, providing a critical summary of debates in the field. These themes comprise: (1) modes and types of Unpaid Work; (2) the expansion and prevalence of Unpaid Work; and (3) the impacts of Unpaid Work on participants and other Workers. The final section of the chapter canvasses a forward agenda for future research and practice.
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Ubiquitous yet Ambiguous: An Integrative Review of Unpaid Work
International Journal of Management Reviews, 2017Co-Authors: Deanna Grant-smith, Paula McdonaldAbstract:The expansion of participation in Unpaid Work such as internships, volunteering and educationally focused Work placements may constitute evidence of deleterious changes to labour markets increasingly characterized by competition, precarious Work and prolonged transitions to secure employment. Unpaid Work, although under-researched, is increasingly relevant in times of ubiquitous Unpaid internships and the use of volunteers in roles that would have been previously paid. Yet there remains a lack of clarity in terminology and focus across studies of Unpaid Work. This review article addresses this concern through two primary aims. First, we review the available literature around Unpaid Work setting out five themes: characterizations of Unpaid Work; the prevalence and underlying drivers of Unpaid Work; the apparent benefits of participation; the costs of participation; and regulatory and structural responses to Unpaid Work. Together, these themes set out a holistic interpretation of the accumulated state of knowledge in this area of inquiry including the implications for organizations, employers, higher education institutions, policy makers and Unpaid Workers. The second aim is to synthesise the current and emerging insights arising from the review as a matrix which delineates four distinct forms of Unpaid Work along two dimensions – purpose of participation and level of participatory discretion. The review and resulting matrix provides conceptual clarity around Unpaid Work practices that informs future research. It also raises pragmatic implications for institutional and managerial decision-making which is cognisant of the range of risks, costs, benefits and ethical issues associated with Unpaid Work.
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Planning to Work for free: building the graduate employability of planners through Unpaid Work
Journal of Youth Studies, 2017Co-Authors: Deanna Grant-smith, Paula McdonaldAbstract:In the context of an increasingly precarious and competitive graduate labour market, exposure to pre-graduation professional Work experience is becoming an increasingly critical feature of graduate employability. Outside the creative professions the contours of this shift have received comparatively little empirical attention. This study provides evidence of increasing participation in Unpaid Work beyond the creative industries where it is well established as a common practice. This study examines the complex patterns of opportunities and challenges that are created for and by Australian urban planning students in gaining relevant exposure to professional Work, with a particular emphasis on participation in Unpaid Work experience. Through the lens of employability and the voices of early career professionals, this study explores the complexity of decisions to engage in Unpaid Work and identifies the potential personal and professional implications of these decisions. Focussing on the ways decisions around Unpaid Work are shaped by a range of factors including labour market conditions and disciplinary norms the findings yield new knowledge of how Unpaid Work is practised and shaped as a principal means through which employment-related advantage and enhanced employability in education to employment transitions is sought by participants and the potential implications of this.
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Unpaid Work experience is widespread but some are missing out: new study
2017Co-Authors: Damian Oliver, Andrew Stewart, Anne Hewitt, Paula McdonaldAbstract:Most young Australians undertake Unpaid Work experience as part of their education or training, to maintain entitlements to social security, or simply to improve their job prospects. But those from more disadvantaged backgrounds are less likely to have those opportunities and those on placements associated with government benefits enjoy their experiences less.
Jason W. Moore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the capitalocene part ii accumulation by appropriation and the centrality of Unpaid Work energy
The Journal of Peasant Studies, 2018Co-Authors: Jason W. MooreAbstract:This essay – Part II – reconceptualizes the past five centuries as the Capitalocene, the ‘age of capital’. The essay advances two interconnected arguments. First, the exploitation of labor-power depends on a more expansive process: the appropriation of Unpaid Work/energy delivered by ‘women, nature, and colonies’ (Mies). Second, accumulation by appropriation turns on the capacity of state–capital–science complexes to make nature legible. If the substance of abstract social labor is time, the substance of abstract social nature is space. While managerial procedures within commodity production aim to maximize productivity per quantum of labor-time, the geo-managerial capacities of states and empires identify and seek to maximize Unpaid Work/energy per ‘unit’ of abstract nature. Historically, successive state–capital–science complexes co-produce Cheap Natures that are located, or reproduce themselves, largely outside the cash nexus. Geo-managerialism’s preliminary forms emerged rapidly during the rise of cap...
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The Capitalocene Part II: accumulation by appropriation and the centrality of Unpaid Work/energy
The Journal of Peasant Studies, 2017Co-Authors: Jason W. MooreAbstract:This essay – Part II – reconceptualizes the past five centuries as the Capitalocene, the ‘age of capital’. The essay advances two interconnected arguments. First, the exploitation of labor-power depends on a more expansive process: the appropriation of Unpaid Work/energy delivered by ‘women, nature, and colonies’ (Mies). Second, accumulation by appropriation turns on the capacity of state–capital–science complexes to make nature legible. If the substance of abstract social labor is time, the substance of abstract social nature is space. While managerial procedures within commodity production aim to maximize productivity per quantum of labor-time, the geo-managerial capacities of states and empires identify and seek to maximize Unpaid Work/energy per ‘unit’ of abstract nature. Historically, successive state–capital–science complexes co-produce Cheap Natures that are located, or reproduce themselves, largely outside the cash nexus. Geo-managerialism’s preliminary forms emerged rapidly during the rise of cap...
Susan Moffat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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more than a little act of kindness towards a typology of volunteering as Unpaid Work
Sociology, 2017Co-Authors: Mihaela Kelemen, Anita Mangan, Susan MoffatAbstract:Definitions of volunteering are widespread and complex, yet relatively little attention is given to volunteering as Unpaid Work, even though it intersects with the worlds of paid employment and the domestic sphere, cutting across individual/collective and public/private spaces. This article advances a typology of volunteering Work (altruistic, instrumental, militant and forced volunteering/‘voluntolding’) that illuminates the complexity and dynamism of volunteering. Using qualitative data from a study of 30 volunteers to explore practices of volunteering as they unfold in daily life, the typology provides much-needed conceptual building blocks for a theory of ‘volunteering as Unpaid Work’. This perspective helps transcend the binaries prevalent in the sociology of Work and provides a lens to rethink what counts as Work in contemporary society. It also invites further research about the effects of ‘voluntolding’ on individuals and society, and on the complex relationship between volunteering Work and outco...
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More Than a ‘Little Act of Kindness’? Towards a Typology of Volunteering as Unpaid Work
Sociology, 2017Co-Authors: Mihaela Kelemen, Anita Mangan, Susan MoffatAbstract:Definitions of volunteering are widespread and complex, yet relatively little attention is given to volunteering as Unpaid Work, even though it intersects with the worlds of paid employment and the domestic sphere, cutting across individual/collective and public/private spaces. This article advances a typology of volunteering Work (altruistic, instrumental, militant and forced volunteering/‘voluntolding’) that illuminates the complexity and dynamism of volunteering. Using qualitative data from a study of 30 volunteers to explore practices of volunteering as they unfold in daily life, the typology provides much-needed conceptual building blocks for a theory of ‘volunteering as Unpaid Work’. This perspective helps transcend the binaries prevalent in the sociology of Work and provides a lens to rethink what counts as Work in contemporary society. It also invites further research about the effects of ‘voluntolding’ on individuals and society, and on the complex relationship between volunteering Work and outco...
Liana C. Sayer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gender, Time and Inequality: Trends in Women's and Men's Paid Work, Unpaid Work and Free Time
Social Forces, 2005Co-Authors: Liana C. SayerAbstract:This analysis uses nationally representative time diary data from 1965, 1975 and 1998 to examine trends and gender differences in time use. Women continue to do more household labor than men; however, men have substantially increased time in core household activities such as cooking, cleaning and daily child care. Nonetheless, a 30-minute-per-day free-time gap has emerged. Women and men appear to be selectively investing Unpaid Work time in the tasks that construct family life while spending less time in routine tasks, suggesting that the symbolic meaning of Unpaid Work may be shifting. At the same time, access to free time has emerged as an arena of time inequality.
