The Experts below are selected from a list of 60993 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
F Wu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Urban Poverty in the transitional economy a case of nanjing china
Habitat International, 2006Co-Authors: Guo Chen, Chaolin Gu, F WuAbstract:Abstract In contrast to the traditional perception of the pervasive rural Poverty in a developing country, Poverty has become gradually Urbanized in China, despite significant reduction of absolute Poverty in rural areas since the late 1970s. This paper focuses on the changing context of Urban Poverty in China and emphasizes the difference between the “new Urban Poverty” and the traditional Urban Poverty, mainly experienced by the “three Nos” (people without stable income, working capacity, or family support) in the socialist era. A theoretical framework is proposed to address the impacts of three major transformations during the economic reform—economic restructuring, changing welfare provision, and sociospatial re-organization—on the poor segment of Urban society. A case study of the city of Nanjing is conducted to examine the changing composition of Urban Poverty and its spatial characteristics. We conclude that new Urban Poverty in China is an inevitable outcome of economic restructuring, the state's retreat from workplace-based welfare provision and the Urbanization process that re-organizes Urban spaces. Due to the strong legacy of socialist Urbanism and the limit of our data analysis, there is no strong evidence of Poverty concentration at district level, though pockets of Urban Poverty are found at community level in the city of Nanjing.
-
The state, institutional transition and the creation of new Urban Poverty in China
Social Policy and Administration, 2006Co-Authors: F WuAbstract:Since the 1990s, the introduction of a market economy and the process of rapid Urbanization have been accompanied by a new Urban Poverty related to lay-offs and unemployment as well as by large-scale rural-Urban migration, which is different from the traditional Urban Poverty of the 'Three Nos' (no relatives or dependants, no working capacity and no source of income). This article focuses on new Urban Poverty in China under market transition and discusses the causes of Poverty creation. Instead of considering Chinese new Urban Poverty only as a result of market mechanisms, it argues that the state as the manipulator of institutions and policies does matter in the creation of new Urban Poverty, and that the cleavages between the old and new institutions further intensify it. Specifically, the following aspects of the creation of new Urban Poverty are examined in detail: the adjustment of industrial policy, the reform of state-owned enterprises, evolution of the household registration system, and the transformation of the welfare state. © The 2006 Author(s) Journal Compilation © 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
David Satterthwaite - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Urban Poverty in the Global South: Scale and Nature
2012Co-Authors: Diana Mitlin, David SatterthwaiteAbstract:© 2013 Diana Mitlin and David Satterthwaite. All rights reserved. One in seven of the world’s population live in Poverty in Urban areas, and the vast majority of these live in the Global South – mostly in overcrowded informal settlements with inadequate water, sanitation, health care and schools provision. This book explains how and why the scale and depth of Urban Poverty is so frequently under-estimated by governments and international agencies worldwide. The authors also consider whether economic growth does in fact reduce Poverty, exploring the paradox of successful economies that show little evidence of decreasing Poverty.Many official figures on Urban Poverty, including those based on the US $1 per day Poverty line, present a very misleading picture of Urban Poverty’s scale. These common errors in definition and measurement by governments and international agencies lead to poor understanding of Urban Poverty and inadequate policy provision. This is compounded by the lack of voice and influence that low income groups have in these official spheres. This book explores many different aspects of Urban Poverty including the associated health burden, inadequate food intake, inadequate incomes, assets and livelihood security, poor living and working conditions and the absence of any rule of law.Urban Poverty in the Global South: Scale and Nature fills the gap for a much needed systematic overview of the historical and contemporary state of Urban Poverty in the Global South. This comprehensive and detailed book is a unique resource for students and lecturers in development studies, Urban development, development geography, social policy, Urban planning and design, and Poverty reduction.
-
Urban Poverty: Reconsidering its Scale and Nature
IDS Bulletin, 1997Co-Authors: David SatterthwaiteAbstract:This paper seeks to highlight the ways in which the scale and severity of Urban Poverty has been under-estimated--but it is not seeking to make judgements about the relative scale or depth of `Urban Poverty in comparison to `rural Poverty. Thus any implicit or explicit recommendations within the paper that governments and development assistance agencies should give more attention to Poverty reduction in Urban areas should not be taken as a recommendation that attention be shifted from rural to Urban Poverty. Where comparisons are made between rural and Urban Poverty or the ways that rural and Urban Poverty are understood it is to highlight how the understanding or measurement of Poverty in Urban areas has failed to take due note of costs or of forms of deprivation that are evident in some (or most) Urban areas. This is also not intended as a demand that attention be shifted from rural to Urban Poverty. Its suggestion that too little attention has been given to addressing the health burden associated with `Poverty probably has as much if not more relevance for rural populations as for Urban populations. (authors)
Johan F M Swinnen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
rural Urban Poverty differences in transition countries
World Development, 2008Co-Authors: Karen Macours, Johan F M SwinnenAbstract:Summary This paper uses new Poverty data based on household level surveys to analyze changes in rural Poverty and rural–Urban Poverty differences in 23 transition countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. The paper presents a series of hypotheses to explain differences across countries and changes over time.
Philip Amis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Thinking About Chronic Urban Poverty
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2011Co-Authors: Philip AmisAbstract:This short paper examines the issue of chronic Urban Poverty for the Chronic Poverty Research Centre (CPRC) . The reports aim is twofold: firstly to review the relevant literature and secondly to suggest research topics and ideas for the first two years of what is envisaged as a five year project. As will become apparent the literature on chronic Urban Poverty is almost non existent; thus a lot of what follows is an attempt to reconsider more general Urban Poverty literature through a chronic Poverty lens. Finally it is intended as a first attempt to develop some 'working hypothesises' to guide further ongoing research in what is anticipated as a five year research project.
-
Urban Poverty in East Africa: Comparative Analysis of the Trajectories of Nairobi and Kampala
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2004Co-Authors: Philip AmisAbstract:The aim of this paper is to document and explain the changing nature of Urban Poverty in East Africa since 1970, in particular in the two cities of Kampala and Nairobi. It will argue that the concept of proleterianization is helpful in understanding the changes in Urban Poverty and politics.
-
Attacking Poverty: but what happened to Urban Poverty and development?
Journal of International Development, 2001Co-Authors: Philip AmisAbstract:This paper reviews Attacking Poverty with regard to its treatment of Urban Poverty. The central argument is that Urbanization and Urban Poverty are increasingly important but are largely ignored in the report. Thus the dynamics of Urban Poverty are overlooked and the subsequent policy suggestions are subsequently weakened. The report's emphasis on empowerment misses the historically progressive nature of Urbanization as a social force. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
-
Indian Urban Poverty
IDS Bulletin, 1997Co-Authors: Philip AmisAbstract:Summaries This article reviews the literature on the causes of Urban Poverty in India, and explores possible policy responses. According to the author, Urban Poverty programmes have failed to address the most important mechanism through which Urban Poverty can be reduced: the general process of social and economic development. Municipalities have an important role to play in providing a basis for this development: creating conditions that facilitates economic growth (including law and order), providing health and education, and improving the local environment. To do this, municipalities require access to revenues, a taxation system that rewards them for good performance, the right political coalitions, and commitment to work with the private sector and NGOs.
-
Making sense of Urban Poverty
Environment and Urbanization, 1995Co-Authors: Philip AmisAbstract:This paper synthesizes recent work on Urban Poverty with an emphasis being placed on the relationship between Urban Poverty and the labour market. The themes considered include the distinction between permanent and temporary Poverty and between trends and shocks. A number of distinctive features of Urban Poverty are discussed including the informal labour market, female headed households, the individualized nature of Urban Poverty and the greater exposure of Urban residents to environmental risks. A final section considers policy implications, differentiating between promotive and protective strategies.
Bao Xiangpin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Pattern evolution of new Urban Poverty population in Xi′an city from 1990 to 2013
Journal of Shaanxi Normal University, 2015Co-Authors: Bao XiangpinAbstract:By interview method,questionnaire,mathematical statistics analysis method and spatial analysis of GIS,the pattern evolution of new Urban Poverty population of Xi′an city from 1990to2013 was analyzed.The results indicated that the number of new Urban Poverty population showed a rise trend,and its absolute difference and relative difference both showed a rise trend.The spatial distribution of new Urban Poverty population showed spatial heterogeneity.The spatial pattern of new Urban Poverty population changed fromoverall broken+local gathering "tocircle radiation+partial nesting".The center of new Urban Poverty population migrated southwestward continuously,and the direction of spatial distribution presented northeastsouthwest.The social spatial structure development,housing system reform and Urban planning resulted in the dynamic spatial pattern of new Urban Poverty population in Xi′an city.
-
Feature and cause of spatial distribution of new Urban Poverty in Xi'an city based on multi-scale
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2015Co-Authors: Bao XiangpinAbstract:The research of spatial distribution of new Urban Poverty has important significance for sustainable development of Xi'an city. We measured Poverty rate of new Urban Poverty in Xi'an city by questionnaire,interview method and mathematical statistics analysis method,and analyzed the spatial distribution and cause of new Urban Poverty based on municipal level,district level and street level by spatial analysis of GIS. The results showed that spatial distribution of new Urban Poverty in Xi'an city showed a " circle radiation + partial nesting" distribution from municipal level,the direction of spatial distribution presented northeast- southwest. The other five districts surrounded new town district was " funnel" shaped pattern from district level. The types of streets of new Urban Poverty from heavy to light rendered as " pyramid" shaped distribution from street level. Spatial distribution of new Urban Poverty presented an unbalanced state on three levels. The imbalance factors of spatial distribution of new Urban Poverty included economic reform,income gap widening,social welfare reform,Urban planning orientation and social spatial structure inheritances. The research of spatial distribution of new Urban Poverty in Xi'an city had an important reference value to antiPoverty. The spatial distribution of new Urban Poverty in Xi'an city had dynamic variation because many factors.
