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Miklas Scholz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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efficiency of permeable pavement systems for the removal of Urban Runoff pollutants under varying environmental conditions
Environmental Progress, 2010Co-Authors: Kiran Totamaharaj, Miklas ScholzAbstract:Urban surface water Runoff typically contains a high but variable number of pathogens, nutrients, and sediments that require removal before reuse. Permeable pavements can improve the water quality through interception, filtration, sedimentation, nutrient transformation, and microbial removal. There is currently insufficient scientific information available on the treatment efficiencies of permeable pavements combined with earth energy systems with regards to the removal of storm water pollutants such as nutrients, sediments, and microbial pollutants. This study evaluates the efficiency of 12 tanked combined systems during a medium-term study. The research assessed weekly the removal of the microbial indicators total coliforms, Escherichia coli, and fecal Streptococci, as well as the key nutrients ammonia-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, and ortho-phosphate-phosphorus, and physical variables such as suspended solids and turbidity. Total coliforms, E. coli, and fecal Streptococci were removed by 98–99%. The ammonia-nitrogen and ortho-phosphate-phosphorus removal efficiencies were 84.6% and 77.5%, respectively. An analysis of variance indicated that the presence or absence of a geotextile did result in a very highly statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) with respect to the removal of both ammonia-nitrogen and ortho-phosphate-phosphorus. Suspended solids, turbidity, and biochemical oxygen demand were reduced by 91%, 82%, and 88%, respectively. These results indicate the potential of the proposed novel system in Urban Runoff pollutant removal and subsequent reuse of the treated water.
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combined permeable pavement and ground source heat pump systems to treat Urban Runoff
Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2009Co-Authors: Miklas Scholz, Piotr GrabowieckiAbstract:BACKGROUND: This paper assesses the functioning of the next generation of permeable pavement systems. The overall concept is to combine traditional permeable pavement systems with ground source heat pump systems. Long-term research to provide data concerning nutrient reductions and microbial activity within experimental pavement rigs is required. RESULTS: The variability of temperature allowed for the survival of pathogenic organisms within the sub-base of permeable pavement systems. Counts of microbes and nutrient concentrations have been determined by direct observation (plate count tests) and chemical analysis, respectively. An analysis using numerical methods indicated 99% and 95% biochemical oxygen demand and ammonia-nitrogen removal, respectively. Supplementary carbon dioxide monitoring indicated relatively high microbial activity on geotextiles and within the lower parts of the sub-base. Low oxygen concentrations were measured in the space around the geotextile, where carbon dioxide concentrations reached 2000 ppm. CONCLUSIONS: The research enables decision-makers for the first time to assess public health risks, treatment requirements and efficiencies, and the potential for Runoff recycling. The great system stability of the innovation and minor water quality data variability between individual experimental pavement systems provide good evidence for the controlled engineered application of this novel sustainable technology. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
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what is the role of phragmites australis in experimental constructed wetland filters treating Urban Runoff
Ecological Engineering, 2007Co-Authors: Byounghwa Lee, Miklas ScholzAbstract:The aim of this research was to assess the role of the macrophyte Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. in experimental temporarily flooded vertical-flow wetland filters treating Urban Runoff. For 2 years, hydrated nickel and copper nitrate were added to sieved road Runoff to simulate contaminated primary treated Urban Runoff. During the first year, 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal efficiencies were lower in planted filters than in unplanted filters. However, the BOD removal performances of all filters were virtually similar irrespective of the planting regime during the second year. The nutrient removal performance of planted filters was more efficient and stable throughout the season particularly after the filters matured compared to that of unplanted filters. A substantial amount of nitrogen was also removed by harvesting P. australis, though metals were not, when compared to those retained in the filters. Furthermore, higher concentrations of nickel in the effluent were recorded in the planted filters, despite their ability to take up the heavy metals. P. australis provided undesirable conditions for precipitation of Ni by lowering the pH in the processes. Finally, after applying shock loadings of Cu, higher Cu outflow concentrations were recorded for planted in comparison to unplanted filters.
Álvarez S. B. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efecto del lavado de la ciudad de Santa Rosa sobre el estado trófico de una laguna arreica
Instituto de Limnología "Raúl A. Ringuelet" Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (UNLP), 2019Co-Authors: Pilati A., Echaniz, Santiago Andrés, Vignatti Alicia, Trucco A., Álvarez S. B.Abstract:Don Tomás is a shallow, hypereutrophic lake that received sewage inputs from the city of Santa Rosa until 1987. In 1993, the main body of water was divided into smaller adjacent ponds. One of these ponds, Canotaje pond (with a small surface area and average depth), receives an important Urban Runoff from the city. Thus, the high load of nutrients and sediments after a storm should result in a higher trophic state than Don Tomás. The objective of this research was to compare the limnological characteristics of both water bodies to verify their trophic status. We did not find any significant statistical differences among the measured variables in the two systems, except for water conductivity and suspended organic solids, which were higher in Don Tomás, and for dissolved phosphorus, which was higher in Canotaje. Laboratory experiments determined that the phytoplankton community of both systems was limited by nitrogen, which is consistent with the observed low Redfield ratio of dissolved N and P (1.32). Algal diversity in both systems was represented by 66 taxa, 1/3 of which belonged to the phylum Cyanophyta. In addition, a Planktothrix agardhii bloom was observed in both water bodies. From the present study, we determined that Don Tomás and Canotaje have the same trophic state (i.e. hypereutrophic). In spite of the high Urban Runoff loaded with nutrients and sediments into Canotaje, the high amounts of P present in this system sediments would make both ponds highly resilient to changes in trophic state.Don Tomás is a shallow, hypereutrophic lake that received sewage inputs from the city of Santa Rosa until 1987. In 1993, the main body of water was divided into smaller adjacent ponds. One of these ponds, Canotaje pond (with a small surface area and average depth), receives an important Urban Runoff from the city. Thus, the high load of nutrients and sediments after a storm should result in a higher trophic state than Don Tomás. The objective of this research was to compare the limnological characteristics of both water bodies to verify their trophic status. We did not find any significant statistical differences among the measured variables in the two systems, except for water conductivity and suspended organic solids, which were higher in Don Tomás, and for dissolved phosphorus, which was higher in Canotaje. Laboratory experiments determined that the phytoplankton community of both systems was limited by nitrogen, which is consistent with the observed low Redfield ratio of dissolved N and P (1.32). Algal diversity in both systems was represented by 66 taxa, 1/3 of which belonged to the phylum Cyanophyta. In addition, a Planktothrix agardhii bloom was observed in both water bodies. From the present study, we determined that Don Tomás and Canotaje have the same trophic state (i.e. hypereutrophic). In spite of the high Urban Runoff loaded with nutrients and sediments into Canotaje, the high amounts of P present in this system sediments would make both ponds highly resilient to changes in trophic state
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Efecto del lavado de la ciudad de Santa Rosa sobre el estado trófico de una laguna arreica
2018Co-Authors: Pilati A., Echaniz, Santiago Andrés, Vignatti Alicia, Trucco A., Álvarez S. B.Abstract:Don Tomás is a shallow, hypereutrophic lake that received sewage inputs from the city of Santa Rosa until 1987. In 1993, the main body of water was divided into smaller adjacent ponds. One of these ponds, Canotaje pond (with a small surface area and average depth), receives an important Urban Runoff from the city. Thus, the high load of nutrients and sediments after a storm should result in a higher trophic state than Don Tomás. The objective of this research was to compare the limnological characteristics of both water bodies to verify their trophic status. We did not find any significant statistical differences among the measured variables in the two systems, except for water conductivity and suspended organic solids, which were higher in Don Tomás, and for dissolved phosphorus, which was higher in Canotaje. Laboratory experiments determined that the phytoplankton community of both systems was limited by nitrogen, which is consistent with the observed low Redfield ratio of dissolved N and P (1.32). Algal diversity in both systems was represented by 66 taxa, 1/3 of which belonged to the phylum Cyanophyta. In addition, a Planktothrix agardhii bloom was observed in both water bodies. From the present study, we determined that Don Tomás and Canotaje have the same trophic state (i.e. hypereutrophic). In spite of the high Urban Runoff loaded with nutrients and sediments into Canotaje, the high amounts of P present in this system sediments would make both ponds highly resilient to changes in trophic state.Instituto de Limnología "Raúl A. Ringuelet
Pilati A. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efecto del lavado de la ciudad de Santa Rosa sobre el estado trófico de una laguna arreica
Instituto de Limnología "Raúl A. Ringuelet" Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (UNLP), 2019Co-Authors: Pilati A., Echaniz, Santiago Andrés, Vignatti Alicia, Trucco A., Álvarez S. B.Abstract:Don Tomás is a shallow, hypereutrophic lake that received sewage inputs from the city of Santa Rosa until 1987. In 1993, the main body of water was divided into smaller adjacent ponds. One of these ponds, Canotaje pond (with a small surface area and average depth), receives an important Urban Runoff from the city. Thus, the high load of nutrients and sediments after a storm should result in a higher trophic state than Don Tomás. The objective of this research was to compare the limnological characteristics of both water bodies to verify their trophic status. We did not find any significant statistical differences among the measured variables in the two systems, except for water conductivity and suspended organic solids, which were higher in Don Tomás, and for dissolved phosphorus, which was higher in Canotaje. Laboratory experiments determined that the phytoplankton community of both systems was limited by nitrogen, which is consistent with the observed low Redfield ratio of dissolved N and P (1.32). Algal diversity in both systems was represented by 66 taxa, 1/3 of which belonged to the phylum Cyanophyta. In addition, a Planktothrix agardhii bloom was observed in both water bodies. From the present study, we determined that Don Tomás and Canotaje have the same trophic state (i.e. hypereutrophic). In spite of the high Urban Runoff loaded with nutrients and sediments into Canotaje, the high amounts of P present in this system sediments would make both ponds highly resilient to changes in trophic state.Don Tomás is a shallow, hypereutrophic lake that received sewage inputs from the city of Santa Rosa until 1987. In 1993, the main body of water was divided into smaller adjacent ponds. One of these ponds, Canotaje pond (with a small surface area and average depth), receives an important Urban Runoff from the city. Thus, the high load of nutrients and sediments after a storm should result in a higher trophic state than Don Tomás. The objective of this research was to compare the limnological characteristics of both water bodies to verify their trophic status. We did not find any significant statistical differences among the measured variables in the two systems, except for water conductivity and suspended organic solids, which were higher in Don Tomás, and for dissolved phosphorus, which was higher in Canotaje. Laboratory experiments determined that the phytoplankton community of both systems was limited by nitrogen, which is consistent with the observed low Redfield ratio of dissolved N and P (1.32). Algal diversity in both systems was represented by 66 taxa, 1/3 of which belonged to the phylum Cyanophyta. In addition, a Planktothrix agardhii bloom was observed in both water bodies. From the present study, we determined that Don Tomás and Canotaje have the same trophic state (i.e. hypereutrophic). In spite of the high Urban Runoff loaded with nutrients and sediments into Canotaje, the high amounts of P present in this system sediments would make both ponds highly resilient to changes in trophic state
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Efecto del lavado de la ciudad de Santa Rosa sobre el estado trófico de una laguna arreica
2018Co-Authors: Pilati A., Echaniz, Santiago Andrés, Vignatti Alicia, Trucco A., Álvarez S. B.Abstract:Don Tomás is a shallow, hypereutrophic lake that received sewage inputs from the city of Santa Rosa until 1987. In 1993, the main body of water was divided into smaller adjacent ponds. One of these ponds, Canotaje pond (with a small surface area and average depth), receives an important Urban Runoff from the city. Thus, the high load of nutrients and sediments after a storm should result in a higher trophic state than Don Tomás. The objective of this research was to compare the limnological characteristics of both water bodies to verify their trophic status. We did not find any significant statistical differences among the measured variables in the two systems, except for water conductivity and suspended organic solids, which were higher in Don Tomás, and for dissolved phosphorus, which was higher in Canotaje. Laboratory experiments determined that the phytoplankton community of both systems was limited by nitrogen, which is consistent with the observed low Redfield ratio of dissolved N and P (1.32). Algal diversity in both systems was represented by 66 taxa, 1/3 of which belonged to the phylum Cyanophyta. In addition, a Planktothrix agardhii bloom was observed in both water bodies. From the present study, we determined that Don Tomás and Canotaje have the same trophic state (i.e. hypereutrophic). In spite of the high Urban Runoff loaded with nutrients and sediments into Canotaje, the high amounts of P present in this system sediments would make both ponds highly resilient to changes in trophic state.Instituto de Limnología "Raúl A. Ringuelet
Piotr Grabowiecki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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combined permeable pavement and ground source heat pump systems to treat Urban Runoff
Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2009Co-Authors: Miklas Scholz, Piotr GrabowieckiAbstract:BACKGROUND: This paper assesses the functioning of the next generation of permeable pavement systems. The overall concept is to combine traditional permeable pavement systems with ground source heat pump systems. Long-term research to provide data concerning nutrient reductions and microbial activity within experimental pavement rigs is required. RESULTS: The variability of temperature allowed for the survival of pathogenic organisms within the sub-base of permeable pavement systems. Counts of microbes and nutrient concentrations have been determined by direct observation (plate count tests) and chemical analysis, respectively. An analysis using numerical methods indicated 99% and 95% biochemical oxygen demand and ammonia-nitrogen removal, respectively. Supplementary carbon dioxide monitoring indicated relatively high microbial activity on geotextiles and within the lower parts of the sub-base. Low oxygen concentrations were measured in the space around the geotextile, where carbon dioxide concentrations reached 2000 ppm. CONCLUSIONS: The research enables decision-makers for the first time to assess public health risks, treatment requirements and efficiencies, and the potential for Runoff recycling. The great system stability of the innovation and minor water quality data variability between individual experimental pavement systems provide good evidence for the controlled engineered application of this novel sustainable technology. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry
B De Gouvello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessment of the hydrological impacts of green roof: From building scale to basin scale
Journal of Hydrology, 2015Co-Authors: P.-a. Versini, D Ramier, E Berthier, B De GouvelloAbstract:At the building scale, the use of green roof has shown a positive impact on Urban Runoff (decrease and slowdown in peak discharge, decrease in Runoff volume). The present work aims to study whether similar effects are possible at the basin scale and what is the minimum spreading of green Runoff needed to observe significant impacts. It is particularly focused on the circumstances of such impacts and how they can contribute to storm water management in Urban environment. Based on observations on experimental green roofs, a conceptual model has been developed and integrated into the SWMM Urban rainfall-Runoff model to reproduce the hydrological behaviour of two different types of green roof. It has been combined with a method defining green roofing scenarios by estimating the maximum roof area that can be covered. This methodology has been applied on a long time series (18 years) to the Châtillon Urban basin (Haut-de-Seine county, France) frequently affected by Urban flooding. For comparison, the same methodology has been applied at the building scale and a complementary analysis has been conducted to study which hydrometeorological variables may affect the magnitude of these hydrological impacts at both scales. The results show green roofs, when they are widely implemented, can affect Urban Runoff in terms of peak discharge and volume, and avoid flooding in several cases. Both precipitation – generally accumulated during the whole event-and the initial substrate saturation are likely to have an impact on green roof effects. In this context, the studied green roofs seem useful to mitigate the effects of usual rainfall events but turn out being less helpful for the more severe ones. We conclude that, combined with other infrastructures, green roofs represent an interesting contribution to Urban water management in the future.
