Vaccination Reaction

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Lone Graff Stensballe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the association between bacillus calmette guerin Vaccination 1331 ssi skin Reaction and subsequent scar development in infants
    BMC Infectious Diseases, 2017
    Co-Authors: Nina Marie Birk, Thomas Norrelykke Nissen, Monica Ladekarl, Vera Zingmark, Jesper Kjaergaard, Trine Molbaek Jensen, Signe Kjeldgaard Jensen, Lisbeth Marianne Thostesen, Poulerik Kofoed, Lone Graff Stensballe
    Abstract:

    The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine (BCG) against tuberculosis is administered intradermally, and Vaccination is often followed by a scar at the injection site. Among BCG-vaccinated individuals, having a scar has been associated with lower mortality. We aimed to examine the impact of Vaccination technique for scarring in a high income setting, by assessing the associations between the post injection Reaction, the wheal size, and the probability of developing a scar, and scar size. This study was nested within a clinical multicenter study randomizing 4262 infants to either BCG Vaccination (BCG 1331 SSI) or no intervention. In this substudy, including 492 vaccinated infants, the immediate post BCG Vaccination Reaction was registered as either wheal (a raised, blanched papule at the injection site), bulge (a palpable element at the injection site), or no Reaction. The presence or absence of a BCG scar and the size the scar was measured at 13 months of age. Of 492 infants included, 87% had a wheal after Vaccination, 11% had a bulge, and 2% had no Reaction. The mean wheal size was 3.8 mm (95% confidence interval 3.7–3.9). Overall, 95% (442/466, 26 lost to follow-up) of BCG-vaccinated infants had a scar at 13 months of age. In infants with a wheal, the probability of developing a scar was 96%, declining to 87% in the case of a bulge, and to 56% in the case of no Reaction (p for same probability = 0.03). Wheal size was positively correlated with the probability of getting a scar and scar size. Scarring after BCG Vaccination has been associated with lower infant mortality. In a high-income setting, we found that correct injection technique is highly important for the development of a BCG scar and that registration of the category of BCG skin Reaction (as wheal, bulge, or no Reaction) may be used to identify infants at risk of scar failure. Finally, the wheal size was positively associated with both the probability of getting a scar and scar size. The study was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov with trial registration number NCT01694108 .

Gulbin Gokcay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evaluation of the effect of Vaccination technique on bcg vaccine Reaction bcg aşi tekniğinin bcg aşi reaksiyonuna olan etkisinin değerlendirilmesi
    2015
    Co-Authors: Bahar Kural, Meryem Merve Oren, Yasin Yilmaz, Tijen Eren, Gulbin Gokcay
    Abstract:

    Objective: To evaluate the effect of BCG Vaccination technique to post BCG Reactions and scarring. Material and Methods: Eighty four children were enrolled in this descriptive, observational study. All of them received 0.05 ml of BCG of Serum Institute of India Ltd at 2 months of age, in the upper left deltoid region. A detailed questionnaire was completed. The vaccines were implemented by 9 different pediatricians who were trained for intradermal injection and working consecutively at the Unit between December 2011 and Mai 2012. The Vaccination technique was monitored by direct observation of post-Vaccination wheal and route of administration. One investigator evaluated the BCG Reaction by measuring immediately the longest diameter of wheal after injection. The technique was classified as Technique 1(intradermal) if the diameter is 5-6 mm, Technique 2 if the diameter is less then 5 mm. BCG Reaction was evaluated at 3 months of age and scar formation was evaluated at 12 months of age. A scar formation with a diameter more than 2 mm was accepted as present. During this follow-up period, the local Reaction is noted as exaggerated if the longest diameter of the Reaction was more than 6 mm. Results: Technique 1 (Intradermal) was applied on 44 (52,4%) infants. . The white wheal was not formed in 10% of the infants. All infants had Vaccination Reaction during the follow-up but BCG Reaction at 3 months of age was earlier in Technique 1 (intradermal) group. During the follow-up period we observed exaggerated local Reaction in 22 (27.2 %) infants. Exaggerated local Reactions were less in the intradermal technique. 0f the 81 infants assessed for scar formation only one patient had no scar at 12 months of age and his Reaction was abortive. Conclusions: This study showed that the Vaccination technique had no impact on scar formation but exaggerated local Reactions occur less with intradermal Vaccination. Further randomized studies relating Vaccination technique to vaccine effectiveness are needed.

Nina Marie Birk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the association between bacillus calmette guerin Vaccination 1331 ssi skin Reaction and subsequent scar development in infants
    BMC Infectious Diseases, 2017
    Co-Authors: Nina Marie Birk, Thomas Norrelykke Nissen, Monica Ladekarl, Vera Zingmark, Jesper Kjaergaard, Trine Molbaek Jensen, Signe Kjeldgaard Jensen, Lisbeth Marianne Thostesen, Poulerik Kofoed, Lone Graff Stensballe
    Abstract:

    The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine (BCG) against tuberculosis is administered intradermally, and Vaccination is often followed by a scar at the injection site. Among BCG-vaccinated individuals, having a scar has been associated with lower mortality. We aimed to examine the impact of Vaccination technique for scarring in a high income setting, by assessing the associations between the post injection Reaction, the wheal size, and the probability of developing a scar, and scar size. This study was nested within a clinical multicenter study randomizing 4262 infants to either BCG Vaccination (BCG 1331 SSI) or no intervention. In this substudy, including 492 vaccinated infants, the immediate post BCG Vaccination Reaction was registered as either wheal (a raised, blanched papule at the injection site), bulge (a palpable element at the injection site), or no Reaction. The presence or absence of a BCG scar and the size the scar was measured at 13 months of age. Of 492 infants included, 87% had a wheal after Vaccination, 11% had a bulge, and 2% had no Reaction. The mean wheal size was 3.8 mm (95% confidence interval 3.7–3.9). Overall, 95% (442/466, 26 lost to follow-up) of BCG-vaccinated infants had a scar at 13 months of age. In infants with a wheal, the probability of developing a scar was 96%, declining to 87% in the case of a bulge, and to 56% in the case of no Reaction (p for same probability = 0.03). Wheal size was positively correlated with the probability of getting a scar and scar size. Scarring after BCG Vaccination has been associated with lower infant mortality. In a high-income setting, we found that correct injection technique is highly important for the development of a BCG scar and that registration of the category of BCG skin Reaction (as wheal, bulge, or no Reaction) may be used to identify infants at risk of scar failure. Finally, the wheal size was positively associated with both the probability of getting a scar and scar size. The study was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov with trial registration number NCT01694108 .

Bahar Kural - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evaluation of the effect of Vaccination technique on bcg vaccine Reaction bcg aşi tekniğinin bcg aşi reaksiyonuna olan etkisinin değerlendirilmesi
    2015
    Co-Authors: Bahar Kural, Meryem Merve Oren, Yasin Yilmaz, Tijen Eren, Gulbin Gokcay
    Abstract:

    Objective: To evaluate the effect of BCG Vaccination technique to post BCG Reactions and scarring. Material and Methods: Eighty four children were enrolled in this descriptive, observational study. All of them received 0.05 ml of BCG of Serum Institute of India Ltd at 2 months of age, in the upper left deltoid region. A detailed questionnaire was completed. The vaccines were implemented by 9 different pediatricians who were trained for intradermal injection and working consecutively at the Unit between December 2011 and Mai 2012. The Vaccination technique was monitored by direct observation of post-Vaccination wheal and route of administration. One investigator evaluated the BCG Reaction by measuring immediately the longest diameter of wheal after injection. The technique was classified as Technique 1(intradermal) if the diameter is 5-6 mm, Technique 2 if the diameter is less then 5 mm. BCG Reaction was evaluated at 3 months of age and scar formation was evaluated at 12 months of age. A scar formation with a diameter more than 2 mm was accepted as present. During this follow-up period, the local Reaction is noted as exaggerated if the longest diameter of the Reaction was more than 6 mm. Results: Technique 1 (Intradermal) was applied on 44 (52,4%) infants. . The white wheal was not formed in 10% of the infants. All infants had Vaccination Reaction during the follow-up but BCG Reaction at 3 months of age was earlier in Technique 1 (intradermal) group. During the follow-up period we observed exaggerated local Reaction in 22 (27.2 %) infants. Exaggerated local Reactions were less in the intradermal technique. 0f the 81 infants assessed for scar formation only one patient had no scar at 12 months of age and his Reaction was abortive. Conclusions: This study showed that the Vaccination technique had no impact on scar formation but exaggerated local Reactions occur less with intradermal Vaccination. Further randomized studies relating Vaccination technique to vaccine effectiveness are needed.

Vera Zingmark - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the association between bacillus calmette guerin Vaccination 1331 ssi skin Reaction and subsequent scar development in infants
    BMC Infectious Diseases, 2017
    Co-Authors: Nina Marie Birk, Thomas Norrelykke Nissen, Monica Ladekarl, Vera Zingmark, Jesper Kjaergaard, Trine Molbaek Jensen, Signe Kjeldgaard Jensen, Lisbeth Marianne Thostesen, Poulerik Kofoed, Lone Graff Stensballe
    Abstract:

    The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine (BCG) against tuberculosis is administered intradermally, and Vaccination is often followed by a scar at the injection site. Among BCG-vaccinated individuals, having a scar has been associated with lower mortality. We aimed to examine the impact of Vaccination technique for scarring in a high income setting, by assessing the associations between the post injection Reaction, the wheal size, and the probability of developing a scar, and scar size. This study was nested within a clinical multicenter study randomizing 4262 infants to either BCG Vaccination (BCG 1331 SSI) or no intervention. In this substudy, including 492 vaccinated infants, the immediate post BCG Vaccination Reaction was registered as either wheal (a raised, blanched papule at the injection site), bulge (a palpable element at the injection site), or no Reaction. The presence or absence of a BCG scar and the size the scar was measured at 13 months of age. Of 492 infants included, 87% had a wheal after Vaccination, 11% had a bulge, and 2% had no Reaction. The mean wheal size was 3.8 mm (95% confidence interval 3.7–3.9). Overall, 95% (442/466, 26 lost to follow-up) of BCG-vaccinated infants had a scar at 13 months of age. In infants with a wheal, the probability of developing a scar was 96%, declining to 87% in the case of a bulge, and to 56% in the case of no Reaction (p for same probability = 0.03). Wheal size was positively correlated with the probability of getting a scar and scar size. Scarring after BCG Vaccination has been associated with lower infant mortality. In a high-income setting, we found that correct injection technique is highly important for the development of a BCG scar and that registration of the category of BCG skin Reaction (as wheal, bulge, or no Reaction) may be used to identify infants at risk of scar failure. Finally, the wheal size was positively associated with both the probability of getting a scar and scar size. The study was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov with trial registration number NCT01694108 .