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Katharina Wadepohl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Association of antimicrobial usage with faecal abundance of aph(3’)-III, ermB, sul2 and tetW resistance genes in Veal Calves in three European countries
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2020Co-Authors: Dongsheng Yang, Liese Van Gompel, Roosmarijn E.c. Luiken, Pim Sanders, Philip Joosten, Eri Van Heijnsbergen, Inge Wouters, Peter Scherpenisse, Claire Chauvin, Katharina WadepohlAbstract:Background High antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Veal Calves remain a source of concern. As part of the EFFORT project, the association between AMU and the abundance of faecal antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Veal Calves in three European countries was determined. Methods In 2015, faecal samples of Veal Calves close to slaughter were collected from farms located in France, Germany and the Netherlands (20 farms in France, 20 farms in the Netherlands and 21 farms in Germany; 25 Calves per farm). Standardized questionnaires were used to record AMU and farm characteristics. In total, 405 faecal samples were selected for DNA extraction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to quantify the abundance (16S normalized concentration) of four ARGs [aph(3’)-III, ermB, sul2 and tetW] encoding for resistance to frequently used antimicrobials in Veal Calves. Multiple linear mixed models with random effects for country and farm were used to relate ARGs to AMU and farm characteristics. Results A significant positive association was found between the use of trimethoprim/sulfonamides and the concentration of sul2 in faeces from Veal Calves. A higher weight of Calves on arrival at the farm was negatively associated with aph(3’)-III and ermB. Lower concentrations of aph(3’)-III were found at farms with non-commercial animals present. Furthermore, farms using only water for the cleaning of stables had a significantly lower abundance of faecal ermB and tetW compared with other farms. Conclusion A positive association was found between the use of trimethoprim/sulfonamides and the abundance of sul2 in faeces in Veal Calves. Additionally, other relevant risk factors associated with ARGs in Veal Calves were identified, such as weight on arrival at the farm and cleaning practices.
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Association of antimicrobial usage with faecal abundance of aph(3')-III, ermB, sul2 and tetW resistance genes in Veal Calves in three European countries.
International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2020Co-Authors: Dongsheng Yang, Liese Van Gompel, Roosmarijn E.c. Luiken, Pim Sanders, Philip Joosten, Eri Van Heijnsbergen, Peter Scherpenisse, Claire Chauvin, Inge M. Wouters, Katharina WadepohlAbstract:ABSTRACT Background High antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Veal Calves remain a source of concern. As part of the EFFORT project, the association between AMU and the abundance of faecal antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Veal Calves in three European countries was determined. Methods In 2015, faecal samples of Veal Calves close to slaughter were collected from farms located in France, Germany and the Netherlands (20 farms in France, 20 farms in the Netherlands and 21 farms in Germany; 25 Calves per farm). Standardized questionnaires were used to record AMU and farm characteristics. In total, 405 faecal samples were selected for DNA extraction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to quantify the abundance (16S normalized concentration) of four ARGs [aph(3’)-III, ermB, sul2 and tetW] encoding for resistance to frequently used antimicrobials in Veal Calves. Multiple linear mixed models with random effects for country and farm were used to relate ARGs to AMU and farm characteristics. Results A significant positive association was found between the use of trimethoprim/sulfonamides and the concentration of sul2 in faeces from Veal Calves. A higher weight of Calves on arrival at the farm was negatively associated with aph(3’)-III and ermB. Lower concentrations of aph(3’)-III were found at farms with non-commercial animals present. Furthermore, farms using only water for the cleaning of stables had a significantly lower abundance of faecal ermB and tetW compared with other farms. Conclusion A positive association was found between the use of trimethoprim/sulfonamides and the abundance of sul2 in faeces in Veal Calves. Additionally, other relevant risk factors associated with ARGs in Veal Calves were identified, such as weight on arrival at the farm and cleaning practices.
Dongsheng Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Association of antimicrobial usage with faecal abundance of aph(3’)-III, ermB, sul2 and tetW resistance genes in Veal Calves in three European countries
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2020Co-Authors: Dongsheng Yang, Liese Van Gompel, Roosmarijn E.c. Luiken, Pim Sanders, Philip Joosten, Eri Van Heijnsbergen, Inge Wouters, Peter Scherpenisse, Claire Chauvin, Katharina WadepohlAbstract:Background High antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Veal Calves remain a source of concern. As part of the EFFORT project, the association between AMU and the abundance of faecal antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Veal Calves in three European countries was determined. Methods In 2015, faecal samples of Veal Calves close to slaughter were collected from farms located in France, Germany and the Netherlands (20 farms in France, 20 farms in the Netherlands and 21 farms in Germany; 25 Calves per farm). Standardized questionnaires were used to record AMU and farm characteristics. In total, 405 faecal samples were selected for DNA extraction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to quantify the abundance (16S normalized concentration) of four ARGs [aph(3’)-III, ermB, sul2 and tetW] encoding for resistance to frequently used antimicrobials in Veal Calves. Multiple linear mixed models with random effects for country and farm were used to relate ARGs to AMU and farm characteristics. Results A significant positive association was found between the use of trimethoprim/sulfonamides and the concentration of sul2 in faeces from Veal Calves. A higher weight of Calves on arrival at the farm was negatively associated with aph(3’)-III and ermB. Lower concentrations of aph(3’)-III were found at farms with non-commercial animals present. Furthermore, farms using only water for the cleaning of stables had a significantly lower abundance of faecal ermB and tetW compared with other farms. Conclusion A positive association was found between the use of trimethoprim/sulfonamides and the abundance of sul2 in faeces in Veal Calves. Additionally, other relevant risk factors associated with ARGs in Veal Calves were identified, such as weight on arrival at the farm and cleaning practices.
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Association of antimicrobial usage with faecal abundance of aph(3')-III, ermB, sul2 and tetW resistance genes in Veal Calves in three European countries.
International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2020Co-Authors: Dongsheng Yang, Liese Van Gompel, Roosmarijn E.c. Luiken, Pim Sanders, Philip Joosten, Eri Van Heijnsbergen, Peter Scherpenisse, Claire Chauvin, Inge M. Wouters, Katharina WadepohlAbstract:ABSTRACT Background High antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Veal Calves remain a source of concern. As part of the EFFORT project, the association between AMU and the abundance of faecal antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Veal Calves in three European countries was determined. Methods In 2015, faecal samples of Veal Calves close to slaughter were collected from farms located in France, Germany and the Netherlands (20 farms in France, 20 farms in the Netherlands and 21 farms in Germany; 25 Calves per farm). Standardized questionnaires were used to record AMU and farm characteristics. In total, 405 faecal samples were selected for DNA extraction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to quantify the abundance (16S normalized concentration) of four ARGs [aph(3’)-III, ermB, sul2 and tetW] encoding for resistance to frequently used antimicrobials in Veal Calves. Multiple linear mixed models with random effects for country and farm were used to relate ARGs to AMU and farm characteristics. Results A significant positive association was found between the use of trimethoprim/sulfonamides and the concentration of sul2 in faeces from Veal Calves. A higher weight of Calves on arrival at the farm was negatively associated with aph(3’)-III and ermB. Lower concentrations of aph(3’)-III were found at farms with non-commercial animals present. Furthermore, farms using only water for the cleaning of stables had a significantly lower abundance of faecal ermB and tetW compared with other farms. Conclusion A positive association was found between the use of trimethoprim/sulfonamides and the abundance of sul2 in faeces in Veal Calves. Additionally, other relevant risk factors associated with ARGs in Veal Calves were identified, such as weight on arrival at the farm and cleaning practices.
Giulio Cozzi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Association between gastrointestinal tract, claw disorders, on-farm mortality and feeding management in Veal Calves
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2020Co-Authors: Luisa Magrin, Flaviana Gottardo, Barbara Contiero, Giulio CozziAbstract:This study analysed potential associations between the prevalence of rumen, abomasum, liver, and claw disorders detected in 26 batches of Holstein Veal Calves through a post-mortem inspection at th...
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Effect of the number of daily distributions of solid feed on Veal Calves’ health status, behaviour, and alterations of rumen and abomasa
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2018Co-Authors: Marta Brscic, Flaviana Gottardo, Luisa Magrin, Paola Prevedello, Andrea Pezzuolo, Luigi Sartori, Giulio CozziAbstract:AbstractThe research aimed at evaluating the effect of three versus two daily distributions of solid feed on Veal Calves’ health, behaviour, and rumen and abomasal mucosa alterations with the ratio...
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Citizens' view on Veal Calves' fattening system in Italy and animal welfare.
2013Co-Authors: Marta Brscic, Flaviana Gottardo, Giulio CozziAbstract:Summary Aims of this study were to assess citizens’ view on the current Veal Calves’ fattening system in Italy and on animal welfare, and to fi nd relationships with Veal meat consumption. Socio-demographic characteristics, Veal meat consumption habits, knowledge of Veal Calves rearing system and animal welfare attitudes of 100 citizens were investigated through a questionnaire submitted on a voluntary base in supermarkets/butcher shops. Results showed that 61 respondents were Veal meat consumers and the remaining 39 were non-consumers. A large proportion of respondents were aware of the modern Veal Calves rearing system but their knowledge as such did not aff ect Veal meat consumption. Non-consumers declared they didn’t like Veal meat organoleptic characteristics, opposed the production system or considered it too expensive. Most citizens sustained animal welfare but no correlations were found between concerns for animal welfare and Veal meat consumption/purchase (r s 0.05). Citizens conceptualized animal welfare through the aspects of care animals received by the farmer and veterinarian and of healthy feed for animals. It could be concluded that consumers don’t really think of animal welfare while buying or having meat, and they still have idealised notions of naturality, traditional farming, free-range and small scale production linked to farm animal production.
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prevalence of respiratory disorders in Veal Calves and potential risk factors
Journal of Dairy Science, 2012Co-Authors: Marta Brscic, N. Stockhofe, Flaviana Gottardo, Giulio Cozzi, H Leruste, L F M Heutinck, E A M Bokkers, M Wolthuisfillerup, B J Lensink, C.g. Van ReenenAbstract:The study aimed to assess the in vivo and postmortem prevalence of respiratory disorders in Veal Calves and investigate risk factors associated with them. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 174 farms in the 3 major Veal meat–producing countries in Europe (50 in France, 100 in the Netherlands, and 24 in Italy). Trained veterinarians visually evaluated individual Calves of 1 batch per farm at 3 and 13 wk after arrival and at 2 wk before slaughter to assess the prevalence of hampered respiration, nasal discharge, and coughing. A random sample of lungs belonging to Calves of the same batch was monitored at the slaughterhouse for mild to moderate or severe signs of pneumonia, and presence of pleuritis. Data regarding Veal calf housing, feeding, and management and specific characteristics of the batch were collected through an interview with the stockperson, and the potential of these as respiratory disease risk factors was assessed. Regardless of the stage of fattening, the prevalence of in vivo signs of respiratory disorders in Calves was always <7%. This low prevalence was likely the outcome of the general implementation by Veal producers of standardized practices such as prophylaxis, all-in/all-out, and individual daily checks of the Calves, which are recognized tools for effective disease prevention and management. However, at postmortem inspection, 13.9% and 7.7% of lungs showed mild to moderate and severe signs of pneumonia, respectively, and 21.4% of the inspected lungs had pleuritis. Thus, even mild clinical signs of respiratory disorder in Calves at specific time points during the fattening period may be associated with high prevalence of lungs with lesions at slaughter. Alternatively, clinical symptoms recorded during routine visual inspections of Veal Calves on-farm may be poor predictors of the true prevalence of respiratory disease in Calves. Among all potential risk factors considered, those concerning the characteristics of the batch were predominant but factors related to housing, management and feeding equipment were also relevant. Different risk factors were involved at different stages of the fattening period. Therefore, to overcome respiratory disorders in Veal Calves, different solutions may apply to different stages of the fattening period.
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Veal Calves' clinical/health status in large groups fed with automatic feeding devices.
Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2009Co-Authors: Marta Brscic, Flaviana Gottardo, Paola Prevedello, Elena Tessitore, Giulio CozziAbstract:Aim of the current study was to evaluate the clinical/health status of Veal Calves in 3 farms that adopt large group housing and automatic feeding stations in Italy. Visits were scheduled in three phases of the rearing cycle (early, middle, and end). Results showed a high incidence of coughing, skin infection and bloated rumen particularly in the middle phase while cross-sucking signs were present at the early stage when Calves’ nibbling proclivity is still high. Throughout the rearing cycle, the frequency of bursitis increased reaching 53% of Calves at the end. The percentage of Calves with a poorer body condition than the mid-range of the batch raised gradually as well, likely due to the non-proportioned teat/Calves ratio that increases competition for feed and reduces milk intake of the low ranking animals. The remarked growth differences among pen-mates and the mortality rate close to 7% showed by the use of automatic feeding devices for milk delivery seem not compensating the lower labour demand, therefore its sustainability at the present status is doubtful both for the Veal Calves’ welfare and the farm incomes.
C.g. Van Reenen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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prevalence of respiratory disorders in Veal Calves and potential risk factors
Journal of Dairy Science, 2012Co-Authors: Marta Brscic, N. Stockhofe, Flaviana Gottardo, Giulio Cozzi, H Leruste, L F M Heutinck, E A M Bokkers, M Wolthuisfillerup, B J Lensink, C.g. Van ReenenAbstract:The study aimed to assess the in vivo and postmortem prevalence of respiratory disorders in Veal Calves and investigate risk factors associated with them. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 174 farms in the 3 major Veal meat–producing countries in Europe (50 in France, 100 in the Netherlands, and 24 in Italy). Trained veterinarians visually evaluated individual Calves of 1 batch per farm at 3 and 13 wk after arrival and at 2 wk before slaughter to assess the prevalence of hampered respiration, nasal discharge, and coughing. A random sample of lungs belonging to Calves of the same batch was monitored at the slaughterhouse for mild to moderate or severe signs of pneumonia, and presence of pleuritis. Data regarding Veal calf housing, feeding, and management and specific characteristics of the batch were collected through an interview with the stockperson, and the potential of these as respiratory disease risk factors was assessed. Regardless of the stage of fattening, the prevalence of in vivo signs of respiratory disorders in Calves was always <7%. This low prevalence was likely the outcome of the general implementation by Veal producers of standardized practices such as prophylaxis, all-in/all-out, and individual daily checks of the Calves, which are recognized tools for effective disease prevention and management. However, at postmortem inspection, 13.9% and 7.7% of lungs showed mild to moderate and severe signs of pneumonia, respectively, and 21.4% of the inspected lungs had pleuritis. Thus, even mild clinical signs of respiratory disorder in Calves at specific time points during the fattening period may be associated with high prevalence of lungs with lesions at slaughter. Alternatively, clinical symptoms recorded during routine visual inspections of Veal Calves on-farm may be poor predictors of the true prevalence of respiratory disease in Calves. Among all potential risk factors considered, those concerning the characteristics of the batch were predominant but factors related to housing, management and feeding equipment were also relevant. Different risk factors were involved at different stages of the fattening period. Therefore, to overcome respiratory disorders in Veal Calves, different solutions may apply to different stages of the fattening period.
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Social isolation may influence responsiveness to infection with bovine herpesvirus 1 in Veal Calves
Veterinary microbiology, 2000Co-Authors: C.g. Van Reenen, M.h. Mars, I.e. Leushuis, Rijsewijk Franciscus Antonius, J.t. Van Oirschot, Harry J. BlokhuisAbstract:An experiment was performed to develop a model to study the impact of stress on responsiveness to infection with bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) in Veal Calves. Social isolation after previous group-housing was used as a putatively stressful treatment. Group-housed specific pathogen-free Veal Calves (n=8) were experimentally infected with BHV1 at the age of 12 weeks. Half of the Calves were socially isolated at the time of infection. Clinical, virological and serological responses to BHV1, and adreno-cortical reactivity to exogenous ACTH were examined. In comparison with group-housed Calves, Calves socially isolated at the time of infection showed a diminished clinical and fever response, and delayed viral excretion after primary infection with BHV1. Four weeks after social isolation, basal cortisol levels before, and the integrated cortisol response after administration of a low dose of ACTH, were significantly depressed in socially isolated Calves. The results suggest that social isolation in Veal Calves influences the response to an experimental BHV1 infection. A possible mechanism is discussed.
T. L. Terosky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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COMPARISON OF THREE FLOORING TYPES FOR SPECIAL-FED HOLSTEIN Veal Calves
Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 1998Co-Authors: L. L. Wilson, J. L. Smith, T. L. Terosky, Eileen F. WheelerAbstract:The objective was to compare health, hematology measurements, growth performance, body cleanliness, hoof and leg characteristics, ambulation scores, and behavioral activities of Veal Calves housed in individual, raised wooden stalls with three different flooring types.
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body measurements and body weights of special fed holstein Veal Calves
Journal of Dairy Science, 1997Co-Authors: L. L. Wilson, C L Egan, T. L. TeroskyAbstract:Abstract Changes in various body dimensions of special-fed Veal Calves were measured and correlated with body weight (BW) at three specific times during the growth period as contemporaries and over the entire feeding period as noncontemporaries. The Calves (n = 826) were weighed and measured for body length, heart girth, wither height, and hip width at 2, 8, and 16 wk after arrival at the Veal farms. Each of the four measurements, expressed as ratios to BW, decreased over the feeding period; decline in the ratio of hip width to BW was less than the decreases in the other ratios. Linear models to predict contemporary BW within each age group based on all body measurements were developed; R 2 values for models for 2, 8, and 16 wk were 0.72, 0.77, and 0.76, respectively. Within each of the three age classes, a model including linear, quadratic, and cubic terms of heart girth yielded the highest R 2 values of any single measurement (0.46, 0.63, and 0.67 for data for 2, 8, and 16 wk, respectively). The addition of heart girth as a second linear measurement to three-term models containing only one other measurement increased the R 2 more than did the addition of any other single linear expression, except for the equation based on body length. When all records on all Calves were combined and the observations were treated as noncontemporaries, the R 2 was 0.97 for a linear model that included all four measurements. However, this R 2 was essentially the same as the R 2 from a three-term model using only heart girth. The cubic models in descending order of R 2 values were heart girth, body length, hip width, and wither height. These results suggest that BW can be predicted accurately in a group of noncontemporary male Veal Calves ranging from 2 to 16 wk after the start of the feeding period. However, the BW of Calves within contemporary groups (2, 8, and 16 wk) cannot be predicted accurately according to R 2 values.