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Paul A. Trainor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Filling in the phylogenetic gaps: Induction, migration, and differentiation of neural crest cells in a squamate reptile, the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus)
Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists, 2019Co-Authors: Raul E. Diaz, Natalia A. Shylo, Daniela Roellig, Marianne E. Bronner, Paul A. TrainorAbstract:Neural crest cells comprise a migratory progenitor cell population that differentiate into cell types such as neurons and glia of the peripheral nervous system, pigment cells, hormone secreting cells in glands, and skeletal and connective tissue in the head, thus making important contributions to most tissues and organs throughout the vertebrate body. The evolutionary appearance of neural crest cells is considered synonymous with the origin of vertebrates and their subsequent diversification and radiation. While the comparative biology of neural crest cells has been studied for a century and a half beginning with their discovery by Wilhelm His in 1868, most of our understanding of their development and function has come from a small number of species. Thus, critical gaps exist in our understanding of how neural crest cells mediate evolution and development. This is particularly true with respect to squamate reptiles (lizards, snakes, amphisbaenians), which account for approximately one-third of all living tetrapods. Here, we present Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) as a model system for studying neural crest cell development in squamates. Chameleons exhibit various morphological specializations associated with an arboreal lifestyle that may have been facilitated through neural crest cells acting as a conduit for evolutionary change.
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The transcriptome of the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus): A resource for studying the evolution and development of vertebrates
Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists, 2019Co-Authors: Brendan J. Pinto, Raul E. Diaz, Paul A. Trainor, Daren C. Card, Todd A. Castoe, Stuart V. Nielsen, Tony GambleAbstract:Purpose The Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) is an emerging model system for studying functional morphology and evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo). Chameleons possess body plans that are highly adapted to an arboreal life style, featuring laterally compressed bodies, split hands/ft for grasping, a projectile tongue, turreted independently moving eyes, and a prehensile tail. Despite being one of the most phenotypically divergent clades of tetrapods, genomic resources for Chameleons are severely lacking. Methods To address this lack of resources, we used RNAseq to generate 288 million raw Illumina sequence reads from four adult tissues (male and female eyes and gonads) and whole embryos at three distinct developmental stages. We used these data to assemble a largely complete de novo transcriptome consisting of only 82 952 transcripts. In addition, a majority of assembled transcripts (67%) were successfully annotated. Results We then demonstrated the utility of these data in the context of studying visual system evolution by examining the content of Veiled Chameleon opsin genes to show that Chameleons possess all five ancestral tetrapod opsins. Conclusion We present this de novo, annotated, multi-tissue transcriptome assembly for the Veiled Chameleon, Chamaeleo calyptratus, as a resource to address a range of evolutionary and developmental questions. The associated raw reads and final annotated transcriptome assembly are freely available for use on NCBI and Figshare, respectively.
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An Integrative View of Lepidosaur Cranial Anatomy, Development, and Diversification
Heads Jaws and Muscles, 2019Co-Authors: Raul E. Diaz, Paul A. TrainorAbstract:There are over 10,300 recognized reptile species in the lineage Lepidosauria whose members utilize almost every mode of locomotion except powered flight. They exhibit a diverse array of feeding mechanisms such as the ballistic tongue projection and retraction system of Chameleons to the snake macrostomate mode of eating prey larger than their body width. Lepidosauria also exhibit specialized cranial ornamentation and diverse cranioskeletal architecture. The diversity across over 10,300 species makes it unfeasible to conduct an exhaustive review in a short chapter. Herein, we focus our efforts on four phylogenetically, sensory, and phenotypically divergent taxa, the tuatara (Rhynchocephalia: Sphenodon punctatus) and three squamate reptiles: the desert grassland whiptail lizard (Teiidae: Aspidoscelis uniparens), Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleonidae: Chamaeleo calyptratus), and the African house snake (Boaedon fuliginosus). While chondro- and osteocranial architecture, cranial muscle, and cranial nerves have been described for various taxa, most reports focus on different taxa but do not provide a description of all three of these tissues for the same species. Herein we present an integrative view of tissue differentiation of the cranium for the latter three species and also develop a reference for future comparative study of the squamate cranium. In addition, we briefly discuss topics as varied as the role of the embryonic cranial base in shaping the adult postorbital skull and the homology of some skeletal elements and jaw adductor musculature as well as the conservation of cranial nerves across Lepidosauria
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Dynamic sex chromosomes in Old World Chameleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae).
Journal of evolutionary biology, 2018Co-Authors: Stuart V. Nielsen, Raul E. Diaz, Paul A. Trainor, J. L. Banks, Tony GambleAbstract:Much of our current state of knowledge concerning sex chromosome evolution is based on a handful of ‘exceptional’ taxa with heteromorphic sex chromosomes. However, classifying the sex chromosome systems of additional species lacking easily identifiable, heteromorphic sex chromosomes is indispensable if we wish to fully understand the genesis, degeneration and turnover of vertebrate sex chromosomes. Squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) are a potential model clade for studying sex chromosome evolution as they exhibit a suite of sex‐determining modes yet most species lack heteromorphic sex chromosomes. Only three (of 203) Chameleon species have identified sex chromosome systems (all with female heterogamety, ZZ/ZW). This study uses a recently developed method to identify sex‐specific genetic markers from restriction site‐associated DNA sequence (RADseq) data, which enables the identification of sex chromosome systems in species lacking heteromorphic sex chromosomes. We used RADseq and subsequent PCR validation to identify an XX/XY sex chromosome system in the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus), revealing a novel transition in sex chromosome systems within the Chamaeleonidae. The sex‐specific genetic markers identified here will be essential in research focused on sex‐specific, comparative, functional and developmental evolutionary questions, further promoting C. calyptratus’ utility as an emerging model organism.
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Lifting the Veil on Reptile Embryology: The Veiled Chameleon ( Chamaeleo calyptratus ) as a Model System to Study Reptilian Development
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton N.J.), 2017Co-Authors: Raul E. Diaz, Federica Bertocchini, Paul A. TrainorAbstract:Living amniotes comprise three major phylogenetic lineages: mammals, birds, and non-avian reptiles. Mouse and avian embryos continue to be the primary species used in experimental settings to further our knowledge and understanding of the genetics and embryology of amniotes. In comparison, non-avian reptiles, which constitute up to 40% of all living amniotes, have played a comparatively minor role. Studies of non-avian reptiles are, however, paramount for providing insights into the evolutionary changes that occurred in the transition from reptilian-like amniote ancestors to derived mammalian and avian species. Here, we introduce the Veiled Chameleon, a squamate reptile, as a new experimental model for examining fundamental questions in development, evolution, and disease.
Raul E. Diaz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Serpentovirus (Nidovirus) and Orthoreovirus Coinfection in Captive Veiled Chameleons ( Chamaeleo calyptratus ) with Respiratory Disease
Viruses, 2020Co-Authors: Laura L. Hoon-hanks, Raul E. Diaz, Anke C. Stöhr, Amanda J. Anderson, Dawn E. Evans, Javier G. Nevarez, Case P. Rodgers, Shaun T. Cross, Halley R. Steiner, Roy ParkerAbstract:Serpentoviruses are an emerging group of nidoviruses known to cause respiratory disease in snakes and have been associated with disease in other non-avian reptile species (lizards and turtles). This study describes multiple episodes of respiratory disease-associated mortalities in a collection of juvenile Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus). Histopathologic lesions included rhinitis and interstitial pneumonia with epithelial proliferation and abundant mucus. Metagenomic sequencing detected coinfection with two novel serpentoviruses and a novel orthoreovirus. Veiled Chameleon serpentoviruses are most closely related to serpentoviruses identified in snakes, lizards, and turtles (approximately 40–50% nucleotide and amino acid identity of ORF1b). Veiled Chameleon orthoreovirus is most closely related to reptilian orthoreoviruses identified in snakes (approximately 80–90% nucleotide and amino acid identity of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase). A high prevalence of serpentovirus infection (>80%) was found in clinically healthy subadult and adult Veiled Chameleons, suggesting the potential for chronic subclinical carriers. Juvenile Veiled Chameleons typically exhibited a more rapid progression compared to subadults and adults, indicating a possible age association with morbidity and mortality. This is the first description of a serpentovirus infection in any Chameleon species. A causal relationship between serpentovirus infection and respiratory disease in Chameleons is suspected. The significance of orthoreovirus coinfection remains unknown.
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Filling in the phylogenetic gaps: Induction, migration, and differentiation of neural crest cells in a squamate reptile, the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus)
Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists, 2019Co-Authors: Raul E. Diaz, Natalia A. Shylo, Daniela Roellig, Marianne E. Bronner, Paul A. TrainorAbstract:Neural crest cells comprise a migratory progenitor cell population that differentiate into cell types such as neurons and glia of the peripheral nervous system, pigment cells, hormone secreting cells in glands, and skeletal and connective tissue in the head, thus making important contributions to most tissues and organs throughout the vertebrate body. The evolutionary appearance of neural crest cells is considered synonymous with the origin of vertebrates and their subsequent diversification and radiation. While the comparative biology of neural crest cells has been studied for a century and a half beginning with their discovery by Wilhelm His in 1868, most of our understanding of their development and function has come from a small number of species. Thus, critical gaps exist in our understanding of how neural crest cells mediate evolution and development. This is particularly true with respect to squamate reptiles (lizards, snakes, amphisbaenians), which account for approximately one-third of all living tetrapods. Here, we present Veiled Chameleons (Chamaeleo calyptratus) as a model system for studying neural crest cell development in squamates. Chameleons exhibit various morphological specializations associated with an arboreal lifestyle that may have been facilitated through neural crest cells acting as a conduit for evolutionary change.
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The transcriptome of the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus): A resource for studying the evolution and development of vertebrates
Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists, 2019Co-Authors: Brendan J. Pinto, Raul E. Diaz, Paul A. Trainor, Daren C. Card, Todd A. Castoe, Stuart V. Nielsen, Tony GambleAbstract:Purpose The Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) is an emerging model system for studying functional morphology and evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo). Chameleons possess body plans that are highly adapted to an arboreal life style, featuring laterally compressed bodies, split hands/ft for grasping, a projectile tongue, turreted independently moving eyes, and a prehensile tail. Despite being one of the most phenotypically divergent clades of tetrapods, genomic resources for Chameleons are severely lacking. Methods To address this lack of resources, we used RNAseq to generate 288 million raw Illumina sequence reads from four adult tissues (male and female eyes and gonads) and whole embryos at three distinct developmental stages. We used these data to assemble a largely complete de novo transcriptome consisting of only 82 952 transcripts. In addition, a majority of assembled transcripts (67%) were successfully annotated. Results We then demonstrated the utility of these data in the context of studying visual system evolution by examining the content of Veiled Chameleon opsin genes to show that Chameleons possess all five ancestral tetrapod opsins. Conclusion We present this de novo, annotated, multi-tissue transcriptome assembly for the Veiled Chameleon, Chamaeleo calyptratus, as a resource to address a range of evolutionary and developmental questions. The associated raw reads and final annotated transcriptome assembly are freely available for use on NCBI and Figshare, respectively.
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An Integrative View of Lepidosaur Cranial Anatomy, Development, and Diversification
Heads Jaws and Muscles, 2019Co-Authors: Raul E. Diaz, Paul A. TrainorAbstract:There are over 10,300 recognized reptile species in the lineage Lepidosauria whose members utilize almost every mode of locomotion except powered flight. They exhibit a diverse array of feeding mechanisms such as the ballistic tongue projection and retraction system of Chameleons to the snake macrostomate mode of eating prey larger than their body width. Lepidosauria also exhibit specialized cranial ornamentation and diverse cranioskeletal architecture. The diversity across over 10,300 species makes it unfeasible to conduct an exhaustive review in a short chapter. Herein, we focus our efforts on four phylogenetically, sensory, and phenotypically divergent taxa, the tuatara (Rhynchocephalia: Sphenodon punctatus) and three squamate reptiles: the desert grassland whiptail lizard (Teiidae: Aspidoscelis uniparens), Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleonidae: Chamaeleo calyptratus), and the African house snake (Boaedon fuliginosus). While chondro- and osteocranial architecture, cranial muscle, and cranial nerves have been described for various taxa, most reports focus on different taxa but do not provide a description of all three of these tissues for the same species. Herein we present an integrative view of tissue differentiation of the cranium for the latter three species and also develop a reference for future comparative study of the squamate cranium. In addition, we briefly discuss topics as varied as the role of the embryonic cranial base in shaping the adult postorbital skull and the homology of some skeletal elements and jaw adductor musculature as well as the conservation of cranial nerves across Lepidosauria
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Dynamic sex chromosomes in Old World Chameleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae).
Journal of evolutionary biology, 2018Co-Authors: Stuart V. Nielsen, Raul E. Diaz, Paul A. Trainor, J. L. Banks, Tony GambleAbstract:Much of our current state of knowledge concerning sex chromosome evolution is based on a handful of ‘exceptional’ taxa with heteromorphic sex chromosomes. However, classifying the sex chromosome systems of additional species lacking easily identifiable, heteromorphic sex chromosomes is indispensable if we wish to fully understand the genesis, degeneration and turnover of vertebrate sex chromosomes. Squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) are a potential model clade for studying sex chromosome evolution as they exhibit a suite of sex‐determining modes yet most species lack heteromorphic sex chromosomes. Only three (of 203) Chameleon species have identified sex chromosome systems (all with female heterogamety, ZZ/ZW). This study uses a recently developed method to identify sex‐specific genetic markers from restriction site‐associated DNA sequence (RADseq) data, which enables the identification of sex chromosome systems in species lacking heteromorphic sex chromosomes. We used RADseq and subsequent PCR validation to identify an XX/XY sex chromosome system in the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus), revealing a novel transition in sex chromosome systems within the Chamaeleonidae. The sex‐specific genetic markers identified here will be essential in research focused on sex‐specific, comparative, functional and developmental evolutionary questions, further promoting C. calyptratus’ utility as an emerging model organism.
Tony Gamble - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The transcriptome of the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus): A resource for studying the evolution and development of vertebrates
Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists, 2019Co-Authors: Brendan J. Pinto, Raul E. Diaz, Paul A. Trainor, Daren C. Card, Todd A. Castoe, Stuart V. Nielsen, Tony GambleAbstract:Purpose The Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) is an emerging model system for studying functional morphology and evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo). Chameleons possess body plans that are highly adapted to an arboreal life style, featuring laterally compressed bodies, split hands/ft for grasping, a projectile tongue, turreted independently moving eyes, and a prehensile tail. Despite being one of the most phenotypically divergent clades of tetrapods, genomic resources for Chameleons are severely lacking. Methods To address this lack of resources, we used RNAseq to generate 288 million raw Illumina sequence reads from four adult tissues (male and female eyes and gonads) and whole embryos at three distinct developmental stages. We used these data to assemble a largely complete de novo transcriptome consisting of only 82 952 transcripts. In addition, a majority of assembled transcripts (67%) were successfully annotated. Results We then demonstrated the utility of these data in the context of studying visual system evolution by examining the content of Veiled Chameleon opsin genes to show that Chameleons possess all five ancestral tetrapod opsins. Conclusion We present this de novo, annotated, multi-tissue transcriptome assembly for the Veiled Chameleon, Chamaeleo calyptratus, as a resource to address a range of evolutionary and developmental questions. The associated raw reads and final annotated transcriptome assembly are freely available for use on NCBI and Figshare, respectively.
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Dynamic sex chromosomes in Old World Chameleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae).
Journal of evolutionary biology, 2018Co-Authors: Stuart V. Nielsen, Raul E. Diaz, Paul A. Trainor, J. L. Banks, Tony GambleAbstract:Much of our current state of knowledge concerning sex chromosome evolution is based on a handful of ‘exceptional’ taxa with heteromorphic sex chromosomes. However, classifying the sex chromosome systems of additional species lacking easily identifiable, heteromorphic sex chromosomes is indispensable if we wish to fully understand the genesis, degeneration and turnover of vertebrate sex chromosomes. Squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) are a potential model clade for studying sex chromosome evolution as they exhibit a suite of sex‐determining modes yet most species lack heteromorphic sex chromosomes. Only three (of 203) Chameleon species have identified sex chromosome systems (all with female heterogamety, ZZ/ZW). This study uses a recently developed method to identify sex‐specific genetic markers from restriction site‐associated DNA sequence (RADseq) data, which enables the identification of sex chromosome systems in species lacking heteromorphic sex chromosomes. We used RADseq and subsequent PCR validation to identify an XX/XY sex chromosome system in the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus), revealing a novel transition in sex chromosome systems within the Chamaeleonidae. The sex‐specific genetic markers identified here will be essential in research focused on sex‐specific, comparative, functional and developmental evolutionary questions, further promoting C. calyptratus’ utility as an emerging model organism.
Robin M. Andrews - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Eggs under Pressure: Components of Water Potential of Chameleon Eggs during Incubation
Physiological and biochemical zoology : PBZ, 2010Co-Authors: Geoffrey K. Adams, Robin M. Andrews, Lydia M. NobleAbstract:Abstract Water exchange of squamate eggs is driven by the difference between the water potentials of eggs and of their nest environment. While osmotic potential is generally assumed to dominate the net water potential of eggs, resistance of the eggshell to stretching also affects egg water potential. We therefore determined osmotic potentials and pressure potentials (mechanical pressure) of eggs of the Veiled Chameleon Chamaeleo calyptratus over the course of incubation. Because embryos are diapausing gastrulae when eggs are laid and diapause persists several months, the water potential of eggs can be evaluated before it is influenced by the developing embryo. Water uptake during the first 2 wk of incubation was rapid as a result of the large difference between the total water potential of the egg (−848 kPa) and that of its incubation substrate. After about 2 wk, water potential of the egg stabilized at −460 kPa. By day 80 of incubation, the developing embryo and allantois affected water exchange of the e...
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Effects of Incubation Temperature on Growth and Performance of the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus)
Journal of experimental zoology. Part A Ecological genetics and physiology, 2008Co-Authors: Robin M. AndrewsAbstract:I evaluated the effect of incubation temperature on phenotypes of the Veiled Chameleon, Chamaeleo calyptratus. I chose this species for study because its large clutch size (30-40 eggs or more) allows replication within clutches both within and among experimental treatments. The major research objectives were (1) to assess the effect of constant low, moderate, and high temperatures on embryonic development, (2) to determine whether the best incubation temperature for embryonic development also produced the "best" hatchlings, and (3) to determine how a change in incubation temperature during mid-development would affect phenotype. To meet these objectives, I established five experimental temperature regimes and determined egg survival and incubation length and measured body size and shape, selected body temperatures, and locomotory performance of lizards at regular intervals from hatching to 90 d, or just before sexual maturity. Incubation temperature affected the length of incubation, egg survival, and body mass, but did not affect sprint speed or selected body temperature although selected body temperature affected growth in mass independently of treatment and clutch. Incubation at moderate temperatures provided the best conditions for both embryonic and post-hatching development. The highest incubation temperatures were disruptive to development; eggs had high mortality, developmental rate was low, and hatchlings grew slowly. Changes in temperature during incubation increased the among-clutch variance in incubation length relative to that of constant temperature treatments.
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Effects of temperature on embryonic development of the Veiled Chameleon, Chamaeleo calyptratus
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A Molecular & integrative physiology, 2007Co-Authors: Robin M. AndrewsAbstract:Temperature dependence of development of the Chameleon, Chamaeleo calyptratus, was assessed from observations on eggs incubated at 25, 28 and 30 °C. Overall, differentiation, growth in mass, and growth of the yolk sac and chorioallantois were the slowest at 25 °C but did not differ between 28 and 30 °C. The relative area of the yolk sac (YS), chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), and their precursor, the area opaca vasculosa (AV) was used to characterize developmental phases. During Phase 1, only the AV was present; development was characterized by differentiation with little increase in the size of the embryo. During Phase 2, the vascularized YS and CAM grew from about 10 to 100% coverage of the surface of the shell during a period of about two weeks. Differentiation and growth of the embryo were accordingly rapid. During Phase 3, the YS and CAM were fixed in size and the remainder of development was relatively slow. Characterization of embryonic development with respect to the relative area of the AV–YS–CAM highlighted the functional linkage between development and the systems that provide nutrients to embryos.
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Incubation Temperature and Sex Ratio of the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus)
Journal of Herpetology, 2005Co-Authors: Robin M. AndrewsAbstract:Eggs from five clutches of Chamaeleo calyptratus were incubated at 25, 28, and 30°C during the period of sex determination. Sex ratios were slightly biased toward females at all temperatures but did not differ statistically from the expected 1:1 ratio of males and females. Egg survival was sufficiently high that sex-biased temperature-induced mortality cannot account for the lack of departure from 1:1 sex ratios. I conclude that the Veiled Chameleon has genetic sex determination (GSD) and that anecdotal accounts of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) for this species, and other Chameleons are likely to reflect reporting or statistical bias.
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Effects of temperature and moisture on embryonic diapause of the Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus)
Journal of experimental zoology. Part A Comparative experimental biology, 2004Co-Authors: Robin M. Andrews, Susan DonoghueAbstract:The development of lizard embryos is typically initiated at fertilization and continues until birth or hatching. In contrast, embryonic development of some Chameleons is arrested at the gastrula stage, and embryos remain at this stage for months after the eggs are laid. Our research tested the hypothesis that increased temperature, moisture, or both, are associated with the resumption of development by diapausing embryos of Chamaeleo calyptratus, the Veiled Chameleon. After 40 days of incubation at 25°C in a relatively dry substrate, eggs were subjected to: 1) no change in temperature or moisture, 2) no change in temperature but change from a dry to a wet substrate, 3) change to a warmer temperature but no change in substrate moisture, or 4) an increase in both temperature and substrate moisture. Overall, embryos initiated development after 50–60 days to 80 or more days of incubation. Neither substrate moisture nor water uptake by eggs was related to the interval when development resumed. In contrast, development was initiated about 10 days earlier for eggs in the high temperature treatment compared to eggs in the low temperature treatment. Our results suggest that neither water availability nor water uptake by eggs affect the length of diapause but that an increase in ambient temperature initiates development of diapausing embryos of C. calyptratus. J. Exp. Zool. 301A:629–635, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
P Roccabianca - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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use of thrombocyte leukocyte rich plasma in the treatment of chronic oral cavity disorders in reptiles two case reports
Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine, 2019Co-Authors: E Bardi, Alessandro Vetere, Vincenzo Aquaro, Emanuele Lubian, S Lauzi, G Ravasio, D D Zani, Martina Manfredi, M Tecilla, P RoccabiancaAbstract:Abstract Regenerative medicine has gained a strong interest in reptile practice, with transposition of techniques widely used in human and mammal medicine. Specifically, Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and derived products have shown to be safe and promising tools to improve soft and bone tissue healing in this class. Hereby we present two cases of oral cavity disorders treated with heterologous Thrombocyte-Leukocyte Rich Plasma (TLRP). In the first case, TLRP was used on one ball python (Python regius) with chronic facial cellulitis, to adjuvate post-surgical wound healing. In the second case, it was the elected therapy to treat one Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) with severe maxillary osteolysis secondary to chronic periodontal disease. Repeated CT scans were performed to evaluate healing progression. In both cases, single administration of TLRP was able to stop bone lysis progression, but was not enough to promote new bone formation. Our experience suggests that the use of thrombocyte-derived products, thanks to their regenerative and antimicrobial properties, could represent a useful tool to adjuvate traditional therapies in reptile reconstructive medicine.
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Use of Thrombocyte–Leukocyte-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Chronic Oral Cavity Disorders in Reptiles: Two Case Reports
Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine, 2019Co-Authors: E Bardi, Alessandro Vetere, Vincenzo Aquaro, Emanuele Lubian, S Lauzi, G Ravasio, Martina Manfredi, M Tecilla, D. De Zani, P RoccabiancaAbstract:Abstract Regenerative medicine has gained a strong interest in reptile practice, with transposition of techniques widely used in human and mammal medicine. Specifically, Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and derived products have shown to be safe and promising tools to improve soft and bone tissue healing in this class. Hereby we present two cases of oral cavity disorders treated with heterologous Thrombocyte-Leukocyte Rich Plasma (TLRP). In the first case, TLRP was used on one ball python (Python regius) with chronic facial cellulitis, to adjuvate post-surgical wound healing. In the second case, it was the elected therapy to treat one Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) with severe maxillary osteolysis secondary to chronic periodontal disease. Repeated CT scans were performed to evaluate healing progression. In both cases, single administration of TLRP was able to stop bone lysis progression, but was not enough to promote new bone formation. Our experience suggests that the use of thrombocyte-derived products, thanks to their regenerative and antimicrobial properties, could represent a useful tool to adjuvate traditional therapies in reptile reconstructive medicine.