The Experts below are selected from a list of 1573632 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hideo Enoki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Insufficient Efficacy of Corpus Callosotomy for Epileptic Spasms With Biphasic Muscular Contractions.
Frontiers in neurology, 2020Co-Authors: Sotaro Kanai, Tohru Okanishi, Mitsuyo Nishimura, Hideo Enoki, Yoshihiro Maegaki, Masayoshi Oguri, Ayataka FujimotoAbstract:Corpus callosotomy (CC) is the surgical strategy for drug-resistant epileptic seizures including epileptic spasms (ES). In this study we report a subtype of ES which is accompanied by two consecutive muscular contractions. This subtype has not been previously classified and may emerge via a complex epileptic network. We named these seizures "epileptic spasms with biphasic muscular contractions (ES-BMC)" and analyzed the association between them and CC outcomes. We enrolled 17 patients with ES who underwent CC before 20 years of age, and analyzed the records of long-term Video-Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. The outcomes of CC were ES-free (Engel's classification I) in 7 and residual ES (II to IV) in 10 patients. We statistically analyzed the associations between the presence of preoperative ES-BMC and the outcomes. Ages at CC ranged from 17 to 237 months. We analyzed 4-44 ictal EEGs for each patient. Five patients presented with ES-BMC with 6-40% of their whole ES on the presurgical video-EEG recordings, and all of them exhibited residual ES outcomes following CC. A Fisher's exact test revealed a significant positive correlation between the presence of preoperative ES-BMC and persistence of ES following CC (p = 0.044, odds ratio = 15.0, risk ratio = 2.0). The presence of ES-BMC may be useful in the presurgical prediction of CC outcomes in patients with ES.
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corpus callosotomy for drug resistant spasms associated with tuberous sclerosis complex
Epilepsy & Behavior, 2019Co-Authors: Tohru Okanishi, Ayataka Fujimoto, Mitsuyo Nishimura, Kazuo Okanari, Shimpei Baba, Naoki Ichikawa, Hideo EnokiAbstract:Abstract Background Corpus callosotomy (CC) has recently been adopted for the treatment of drug-resistant epileptic spasms and tonic spasms. In the present study, we investigated CC outcomes among patients with drug-resistant epileptic spasms or tonic spasms associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Methods We retrospectively collected data from seven patients (3 women, 4 men) with diagnosed TSC and who were treated using CC at Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital in Japan. All patients had experienced drug-resistant epileptic spasms ( 3 s) prior to CC, which were confirmed via Video-Electroencephalogram monitoring. Results All patients exhibited multiple bilateral cortical tubers on brain magnetic resonance imaging. The main seizure types were epileptic spasms in four, tonic spasms in one, and both seizure types in two patients. Patients underwent total CC between the ages of 25 months and 21.5 years. Additional resection or disconnection was performed in two patients. The follow-up period after CC ranged between 9 months and 3.5 years. Three patients achieved remission from spasms following CC alone. Two other patients became free from spasms several months after CC but required an additional focus disconnection or medical treatment. The remaining two patients continued to show spasms or asymmetrical tonic seizures. Conclusion Total CC resulted in freedom from drug-resistant epileptic or tonic spasms in several patients with TSC. Stepwise progression from CC to additional resection or disconnection surgery may aid in the treatment of spasms secondary to TSC.
Maja Pantic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of eeg signals and facial expressions for continuous emotion detection
IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, 2016Co-Authors: Mohammad Soleymani, Sadjad Asghariesfeden, Maja PanticAbstract:Emotions are time varying affective phenomena that are elicited as a result of stimuli. Videos and movies in particular are made to elicit emotions in their audiences. Detecting the viewers’ emotions instantaneously can be used to find the emotional traces of videos. In this paper, we present our approach in instantaneously detecting the emotions of video viewers’ emotions from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and facial expressions. A set of emotion inducing videos were shown to participants while their facial expressions and physiological responses were recorded. The expressed valence (negative to positive emotions) in the videos of participants’ faces were annotated by five annotators. The stimuli videos were also continuously annotated on valence and arousal dimensions. Long-short-term-memory recurrent neural networks (LSTM-RNN) and continuous conditional random fields (CCRF) were utilized in detecting emotions automatically and continuously. We found the results from facial expressions to be superior to the results from EEG signals. We analyzed the effect of the contamination of facial muscle activities on EEG signals and found that most of the emotionally valuable content in EEG features are as a result of this contamination. However, our statistical analysis showed that EEG signals still carry complementary information in presence of facial expressions.
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continuous emotion detection using eeg signals and facial expressions
International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, 2014Co-Authors: Mohammad Soleymani, Sadjad Asghariesfeden, Maja PanticAbstract:Emotions play an important role in how we select and consume multimedia. Recent advances on affect detection are focused on detecting emotions continuously. In this paper, for the first time, we continuously detect valence from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and facial expressions in response to videos. Multiple annotators provided valence levels continuously by watching the frontal facial videos of participants who watched short emotional videos. Power spectral features from EEG signals as well as facial fiducial points are used as features to detect valence levels for each frame continuously. We study the correlation between features from EEG and facial expressions with continuous valence. We have also verified our model's performance for the emotional highlight detection using emotion recognition from EEG signals. Finally the results of multimodal fusion between facial expression and EEG signals are presented. Having such models we will be able to detect spontaneous and subtle affective responses over time and use them for video highlight detection.
Jonathan R Wolpaw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A comparison of regression techniques for a two-dimensional sensorimotor rhythm-based brain-computer interface.
Journal of Neural Engineering, 2010Co-Authors: Joan Fruitet, Dennis J Mcfarland, Jonathan R WolpawAbstract:People can learn to control electroencephalogram (EEG) features consisting of sensorimotor-rhythm amplitudes and use this control to move a cursor in one, two or three dimensions to a target on a video screen. This study evaluated several possible alternative models for translating these EEG features into two-dimensional cursor movement by building an offline simulation using data collected during online performance. In offline comparisons, support-vector regression (SVM) with a radial basis kernel produced somewhat better performance than simple multiple regression, the LASSO or a linear SVM. These results indicate that proper choice of a translation algorithm is an important factor in optimizing brain-computer interface (BCI) performance, and provide new insight into algorithm choice for multidimensional movement control.
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EEG-based communication and control: short-term role of feedback
IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering, 1998Co-Authors: D.j. Mcfarland, L.m. Mccane, Jonathan R WolpawAbstract:When people learn to control the amplitudes of certain electroencephalogram (EEG) components (e.g., the 8-12 Hz /spl mu/-rhythm over sensorimotor cortex) and use them to move a cursor to a target on a video screen, feedback about performance is normally provided by cursor movement and by trial outcome (i.e., success or failure). The authors assessed the short-term effects of this feedback on EEG control. After subjects received initial training with feedback present, feedback was removed intermittently for periods of several minutes. Subjects still displayed EEG control when feedback was removed. Removal of cursor movement alone appeared to have effects comparable to removal of both cursor movement and trial outcome. These results show that, in the short-term at least, /spl mu/-rhythm control is not dependent on the sensory input provided by cursor movement. They also suggest that feedback can have inhibitory as well as facilitatory effects on EEG control, and that these effects vary across subjects. This finding has implications for the design of training procedures.
Ayataka Fujimoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Insufficient Efficacy of Corpus Callosotomy for Epileptic Spasms With Biphasic Muscular Contractions.
Frontiers in neurology, 2020Co-Authors: Sotaro Kanai, Tohru Okanishi, Mitsuyo Nishimura, Hideo Enoki, Yoshihiro Maegaki, Masayoshi Oguri, Ayataka FujimotoAbstract:Corpus callosotomy (CC) is the surgical strategy for drug-resistant epileptic seizures including epileptic spasms (ES). In this study we report a subtype of ES which is accompanied by two consecutive muscular contractions. This subtype has not been previously classified and may emerge via a complex epileptic network. We named these seizures "epileptic spasms with biphasic muscular contractions (ES-BMC)" and analyzed the association between them and CC outcomes. We enrolled 17 patients with ES who underwent CC before 20 years of age, and analyzed the records of long-term Video-Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. The outcomes of CC were ES-free (Engel's classification I) in 7 and residual ES (II to IV) in 10 patients. We statistically analyzed the associations between the presence of preoperative ES-BMC and the outcomes. Ages at CC ranged from 17 to 237 months. We analyzed 4-44 ictal EEGs for each patient. Five patients presented with ES-BMC with 6-40% of their whole ES on the presurgical video-EEG recordings, and all of them exhibited residual ES outcomes following CC. A Fisher's exact test revealed a significant positive correlation between the presence of preoperative ES-BMC and persistence of ES following CC (p = 0.044, odds ratio = 15.0, risk ratio = 2.0). The presence of ES-BMC may be useful in the presurgical prediction of CC outcomes in patients with ES.
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corpus callosotomy for drug resistant spasms associated with tuberous sclerosis complex
Epilepsy & Behavior, 2019Co-Authors: Tohru Okanishi, Ayataka Fujimoto, Mitsuyo Nishimura, Kazuo Okanari, Shimpei Baba, Naoki Ichikawa, Hideo EnokiAbstract:Abstract Background Corpus callosotomy (CC) has recently been adopted for the treatment of drug-resistant epileptic spasms and tonic spasms. In the present study, we investigated CC outcomes among patients with drug-resistant epileptic spasms or tonic spasms associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Methods We retrospectively collected data from seven patients (3 women, 4 men) with diagnosed TSC and who were treated using CC at Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital in Japan. All patients had experienced drug-resistant epileptic spasms ( 3 s) prior to CC, which were confirmed via Video-Electroencephalogram monitoring. Results All patients exhibited multiple bilateral cortical tubers on brain magnetic resonance imaging. The main seizure types were epileptic spasms in four, tonic spasms in one, and both seizure types in two patients. Patients underwent total CC between the ages of 25 months and 21.5 years. Additional resection or disconnection was performed in two patients. The follow-up period after CC ranged between 9 months and 3.5 years. Three patients achieved remission from spasms following CC alone. Two other patients became free from spasms several months after CC but required an additional focus disconnection or medical treatment. The remaining two patients continued to show spasms or asymmetrical tonic seizures. Conclusion Total CC resulted in freedom from drug-resistant epileptic or tonic spasms in several patients with TSC. Stepwise progression from CC to additional resection or disconnection surgery may aid in the treatment of spasms secondary to TSC.
Tohru Okanishi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Insufficient Efficacy of Corpus Callosotomy for Epileptic Spasms With Biphasic Muscular Contractions.
Frontiers in neurology, 2020Co-Authors: Sotaro Kanai, Tohru Okanishi, Mitsuyo Nishimura, Hideo Enoki, Yoshihiro Maegaki, Masayoshi Oguri, Ayataka FujimotoAbstract:Corpus callosotomy (CC) is the surgical strategy for drug-resistant epileptic seizures including epileptic spasms (ES). In this study we report a subtype of ES which is accompanied by two consecutive muscular contractions. This subtype has not been previously classified and may emerge via a complex epileptic network. We named these seizures "epileptic spasms with biphasic muscular contractions (ES-BMC)" and analyzed the association between them and CC outcomes. We enrolled 17 patients with ES who underwent CC before 20 years of age, and analyzed the records of long-term Video-Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. The outcomes of CC were ES-free (Engel's classification I) in 7 and residual ES (II to IV) in 10 patients. We statistically analyzed the associations between the presence of preoperative ES-BMC and the outcomes. Ages at CC ranged from 17 to 237 months. We analyzed 4-44 ictal EEGs for each patient. Five patients presented with ES-BMC with 6-40% of their whole ES on the presurgical video-EEG recordings, and all of them exhibited residual ES outcomes following CC. A Fisher's exact test revealed a significant positive correlation between the presence of preoperative ES-BMC and persistence of ES following CC (p = 0.044, odds ratio = 15.0, risk ratio = 2.0). The presence of ES-BMC may be useful in the presurgical prediction of CC outcomes in patients with ES.
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corpus callosotomy for drug resistant spasms associated with tuberous sclerosis complex
Epilepsy & Behavior, 2019Co-Authors: Tohru Okanishi, Ayataka Fujimoto, Mitsuyo Nishimura, Kazuo Okanari, Shimpei Baba, Naoki Ichikawa, Hideo EnokiAbstract:Abstract Background Corpus callosotomy (CC) has recently been adopted for the treatment of drug-resistant epileptic spasms and tonic spasms. In the present study, we investigated CC outcomes among patients with drug-resistant epileptic spasms or tonic spasms associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Methods We retrospectively collected data from seven patients (3 women, 4 men) with diagnosed TSC and who were treated using CC at Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital in Japan. All patients had experienced drug-resistant epileptic spasms ( 3 s) prior to CC, which were confirmed via Video-Electroencephalogram monitoring. Results All patients exhibited multiple bilateral cortical tubers on brain magnetic resonance imaging. The main seizure types were epileptic spasms in four, tonic spasms in one, and both seizure types in two patients. Patients underwent total CC between the ages of 25 months and 21.5 years. Additional resection or disconnection was performed in two patients. The follow-up period after CC ranged between 9 months and 3.5 years. Three patients achieved remission from spasms following CC alone. Two other patients became free from spasms several months after CC but required an additional focus disconnection or medical treatment. The remaining two patients continued to show spasms or asymmetrical tonic seizures. Conclusion Total CC resulted in freedom from drug-resistant epileptic or tonic spasms in several patients with TSC. Stepwise progression from CC to additional resection or disconnection surgery may aid in the treatment of spasms secondary to TSC.
