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Prasad Calyam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • IC2E - Resource Defragmentation Using Market-Driven Allocation in Virtual Desktop Clouds
    2015 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering, 2015
    Co-Authors: Prasad Calyam, Sripriya Seetharam, Baisravan Homchaudhuri, Manish Kumar
    Abstract:

    Similar to memory or disk fragmentation in personal computers, emerging "Virtual Desktop cloud" (VDC) services experience the problem of data center resource fragmentation which occurs due to on-the-fly provisioning of Virtual Desktop (VD) resources. Irregular resource holes due to fragmentation lead to sub-optimal VD resource allocations, and cause: (a)decreased user quality of experience (QoE), and (b) increased operational costs for VDC service providers. In this paper, we address this problem by developing a novel, optimal "Market-Driven Provisioning and Placement" (MDPP) scheme that is based upon distributed optimization principles. The MDPP scheme channelizes inherent distributed nature of the resource allocation problem by capturing VD resource bids via a Virtual market to explore soft spots in the problem space, and consequently defragments a VDC through cost-aware utility-maximal VD re-allocations or migrations. Through extensive simulations of VD request allocations to multiple data centers for diverse VD application and user QoE profiles, we demonstrate that our MDPP scheme outperforms existing schemes that are largely based on centralized optimization principles. Moreover, MDPP scheme can achieve high VDC performance and scalability, measurable in terms of a 'Net Utility' metric, even when VD resource location constraints are imposed to meet orthogonal security objectives.

  • IM - Benchmarking in Virtual Desktops for end-to-end performance traceability
    2015 IFIP IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM), 2015
    Co-Authors: Trung Nguyen, Prasad Calyam, Ronny Bazan Antequera
    Abstract:

    There are proven benefits in terms of cost and convenience in delivering thin-client based Virtual Desktops, versus the use of traditional physical computers for end-user computing purposes. In this paper, we present novel extensions in terms of user interface and methodology to our previously developed VDBench benchmarking toolkit for Virtual Desktop environments that uses principles of slow-motion benchmarking. We focus on automation aspects of benchmarking, and describe how we extend the end-to-end performance traceability for different Desktop applications such as Internet Explorer, Media Player and Excel Spreadsheets. Our approach prevents invasive modification of thin-client systems, and allows emulation of user behavior with realistic workloads. Our user interface design issues are aimed at managing workflows between the benchmarking client and server, for easy instrumentation and generation of comprehensive performance reports for complex environment setups. In a validation study, we deploy the enhanced VDBench toolkit in a real-world Virtual Desktop testbed that hosts applications that render 3D visualizations of disaster scenarios for scene understanding and situational awareness. Through the benchmarking results, we show how the toolkit provides user QoE assessments involving reliable video events display under different network health conditions and computation resource configurations.

  • vdc analyst design and verification of Virtual Desktop cloud resource allocations
    Computer Networks, 2014
    Co-Authors: Prasad Calyam, Sudharsan Rajagopalan, Sripriya Seetharam, Arunprasath Selvadhurai
    Abstract:

    Abstract One of the significant challenges for Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) hosting “Virtual Desktop cloud” (VDC) infrastructures is to deliver a satisfactory quality of experience (QoE) to the user. In order to maximize the user QoE without expensive resource overprovisioning, there is a need to design and verify resource allocation schemes for a comprehensive set of VDC configurations. In this paper, we present “VDC-Analyst”, a novel tool that can capture critical quality metrics such as Net Utility and Service Response Time, which can be used to quantify VDC platform readiness. This tool allows CSPs, researchers and educators to design and verify various resource allocation schemes using both simulation and emulation in two modes: “Run Simulation” and “Run Experiment”, respectively. The Run Simulation mode allows users to test and visualize resource provisioning and placement schemes on a simulation framework. Run Experiment mode allows testing on a real software-defined network testbed using emulated Virtual Desktop application traffic to create a realistic environment. Results from using our tool demonstrate that a significant increase in perceived user QoE can be achieved by using a combination of the following techniques incorporated in the tool: (i) optimizing Net Utility through a “Cost-Aware Utility-Maximal Resource Allocation Algorithm”, (ii) estimating values for Service Response Time using a “Multi-stage Queuing Model”, and (iii) appropriate load balancing through software-defined networking adaptations in the VDC testbed.

  • VDC-Analyst: Design and verification of Virtual Desktop cloud resource allocations ☆
    Computer Networks, 2014
    Co-Authors: Prasad Calyam, Sudharsan Rajagopalan, Arunprasath Selvadhurai, Sripriya Seetharam, Khaled Salah, Rajiv Ramnath
    Abstract:

    Abstract One of the significant challenges for Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) hosting “Virtual Desktop cloud” (VDC) infrastructures is to deliver a satisfactory quality of experience (QoE) to the user. In order to maximize the user QoE without expensive resource overprovisioning, there is a need to design and verify resource allocation schemes for a comprehensive set of VDC configurations. In this paper, we present “VDC-Analyst”, a novel tool that can capture critical quality metrics such as Net Utility and Service Response Time, which can be used to quantify VDC platform readiness. This tool allows CSPs, researchers and educators to design and verify various resource allocation schemes using both simulation and emulation in two modes: “Run Simulation” and “Run Experiment”, respectively. The Run Simulation mode allows users to test and visualize resource provisioning and placement schemes on a simulation framework. Run Experiment mode allows testing on a real software-defined network testbed using emulated Virtual Desktop application traffic to create a realistic environment. Results from using our tool demonstrate that a significant increase in perceived user QoE can be achieved by using a combination of the following techniques incorporated in the tool: (i) optimizing Net Utility through a “Cost-Aware Utility-Maximal Resource Allocation Algorithm”, (ii) estimating values for Service Response Time using a “Multi-stage Queuing Model”, and (iii) appropriate load balancing through software-defined networking adaptations in the VDC testbed.

  • IM - Leveraging OpenFlow for resource placement of Virtual Desktop cloud applications
    2013
    Co-Authors: Prasad Calyam, Alex Berryman, Sudharsan Rajagopalan, Arunprasath Selvadhurai, Saravanan Mohan, Aishwarya Venkataraman, Rajiv Ramnath
    Abstract:

    Popular applications such as email, photo/video galleries, and file storage are increasingly being supported by cloud platforms in residential, academia and industry communities. The next frontier for these user communities will be to transition `traditional Desktops' that have dedicated hardware and software configurations into `Virtual Desktop clouds' that are accessible via thin-clients. In this paper, we describe an intelligent resource placement framework for thin-client based Virtual Desktops. The framework leverages principles of softwaredefined networking and features a `unified resource broker' that uses special `marker packets' for: (a) “route setup” when handling non-IP traffic between thin-client sites and data centers, (b) “path selection” and “load balancing” of Virtual Desktop flows to improve performance of interactive applications and video playback, and to cope with faults such as link-failures or Denialof-Service cyber-attacks. In addition, we detail our framework implementation within a Virtual Desktop cloud (VDC) setup in a multi-domain Global Environment for Network Innovations (GENI) Future Internet testbed spanning backbone and access networks. We present empirical results from our experimentation that leverages OpenFlow programmable networking, as well as perfSONAR instrumentation-and-measurement capabilities for validating our framework in GENI under realistic settings. Our results demonstrate the importance of scheduling regulated measurements that can be used for intelligent resource placement decisions. Our results also show the feasibility and benefits of using OpenFlow controller applications for path selection and load balancing between thin-client sites and data centers in VDCs.

Kenneth Van Surksum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Albert M Lai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • utility directed resource allocation in Virtual Desktop clouds
    Computer Networks, 2011
    Co-Authors: Prasad Calyam, Rohit Patali, Alex Berryman, Albert M Lai, Rajiv Ramnath
    Abstract:

    User communities are rapidly transitioning their ''traditional Desktops'' that have dedicated hardware and software installations into ''Virtual Desktop clouds'' (VDCs) that are accessible via thin-clients. To allocate and manage VDC resources for Internet-scale Desktop delivery, existing works focus mainly on managing server-side resources based on utility functions of CPU and memory loads, and do not consider network health and thin-client user experience. Resource allocations without combined utility-directed information of system loads, network health and thin-client user experience in VDC platforms inevitably results in costly guesswork and over-provisioning of resources. In this paper, we develop an analytical model viz., ''Utility-Directed Resource Allocation Model (U-RAM)'' to solve the combined utility-directed resource allocation problem within VDCs. Our solution involves an iterative algorithm that leverages utility functions of system, network and human components obtained using a novel Virtual Desktop performance benchmarking toolkit viz., ''VDBench'' that we developed. The combined utility functions are used to direct decision schemes based on Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions for creating user Desktop pools and determining optimal resource allocation size/location. We deploy VDBench in a VDC testbed featuring: (a) popular user applications (Spreadsheet Calculator, Internet Browser, Media Player, Interactive Visualization), and (b) TCP/UDP based thin-client protocols (RDP, RGS, PCoIP) under a variety of user load and network health conditions. Simulation results based on the utility functions obtained from the testbed demonstrate that our solution maximizes VDC scalability i.e., 'VDs per core density', and 'user connections quantity', while delivering satisfactory thin-client user experience.

  • vdbench a benchmarking toolkit for thin client based Virtual Desktop environments
    IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science, 2010
    Co-Authors: Alex Berryman, Prasad Calyam, Matthew Honigford, Albert M Lai
    Abstract:

    The recent advances in thin client devices and the push to transition users' Desktop delivery to cloud environments will eventually transform how Desktop computers are used today. The ability to measure and adapt the performance of Virtual Desktop environments is a major challenge for ''Virtual Desktop cloud'' service providers. In this paper, we present the ''VD Bench'' toolkit that uses a novel methodology and related metrics to benchmark thin-client based Virtual Desktop environments in terms of scalability and reliability. We also describe how we used a VD Bench instance to benchmark the performance of: (a) popular user applications (Spreadsheet Calculator, Internet Browser, Media Player, Interactive Visualization), (b) TCP/UDP based thin client protocols (RDP, RGS, PCoIP), and (c) remote user experience (interactive response times, perceived video quality), under a variety of system load and network health conditions. Our results can help service providers to mitigate over-provisioning in sizing Virtual Desktop resources, and guesswork in thin client protocol configurations, and thus obtain significant cost savings while simultaneously fostering satisfied customers.

  • CloudCom - VDBench: A Benchmarking Toolkit for Thin-Client Based Virtual Desktop Environments
    2010 IEEE Second International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science, 2010
    Co-Authors: Alex Berryman, Prasad Calyam, Matthew Honigford, Albert M Lai
    Abstract:

    The recent advances in thin client devices and the push to transition users' Desktop delivery to cloud environments will eventually transform how Desktop computers are used today. The ability to measure and adapt the performance of Virtual Desktop environments is a major challenge for ''Virtual Desktop cloud'' service providers. In this paper, we present the ''VD Bench'' toolkit that uses a novel methodology and related metrics to benchmark thin-client based Virtual Desktop environments in terms of scalability and reliability. We also describe how we used a VD Bench instance to benchmark the performance of: (a) popular user applications (Spreadsheet Calculator, Internet Browser, Media Player, Interactive Visualization), (b) TCP/UDP based thin client protocols (RDP, RGS, PCoIP), and (c) remote user experience (interactive response times, perceived video quality), under a variety of system load and network health conditions. Our results can help service providers to mitigate over-provisioning in sizing Virtual Desktop resources, and guesswork in thin client protocol configurations, and thus obtain significant cost savings while simultaneously fostering satisfied customers.

Alex Berryman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • IM - Leveraging OpenFlow for resource placement of Virtual Desktop cloud applications
    2013
    Co-Authors: Prasad Calyam, Alex Berryman, Sudharsan Rajagopalan, Arunprasath Selvadhurai, Saravanan Mohan, Aishwarya Venkataraman, Rajiv Ramnath
    Abstract:

    Popular applications such as email, photo/video galleries, and file storage are increasingly being supported by cloud platforms in residential, academia and industry communities. The next frontier for these user communities will be to transition `traditional Desktops' that have dedicated hardware and software configurations into `Virtual Desktop clouds' that are accessible via thin-clients. In this paper, we describe an intelligent resource placement framework for thin-client based Virtual Desktops. The framework leverages principles of softwaredefined networking and features a `unified resource broker' that uses special `marker packets' for: (a) “route setup” when handling non-IP traffic between thin-client sites and data centers, (b) “path selection” and “load balancing” of Virtual Desktop flows to improve performance of interactive applications and video playback, and to cope with faults such as link-failures or Denialof-Service cyber-attacks. In addition, we detail our framework implementation within a Virtual Desktop cloud (VDC) setup in a multi-domain Global Environment for Network Innovations (GENI) Future Internet testbed spanning backbone and access networks. We present empirical results from our experimentation that leverages OpenFlow programmable networking, as well as perfSONAR instrumentation-and-measurement capabilities for validating our framework in GENI under realistic settings. Our results demonstrate the importance of scheduling regulated measurements that can be used for intelligent resource placement decisions. Our results also show the feasibility and benefits of using OpenFlow controller applications for path selection and load balancing between thin-client sites and data centers in VDCs.

  • utility directed resource allocation in Virtual Desktop clouds
    Computer Networks, 2011
    Co-Authors: Prasad Calyam, Rohit Patali, Alex Berryman, Albert M Lai, Rajiv Ramnath
    Abstract:

    User communities are rapidly transitioning their ''traditional Desktops'' that have dedicated hardware and software installations into ''Virtual Desktop clouds'' (VDCs) that are accessible via thin-clients. To allocate and manage VDC resources for Internet-scale Desktop delivery, existing works focus mainly on managing server-side resources based on utility functions of CPU and memory loads, and do not consider network health and thin-client user experience. Resource allocations without combined utility-directed information of system loads, network health and thin-client user experience in VDC platforms inevitably results in costly guesswork and over-provisioning of resources. In this paper, we develop an analytical model viz., ''Utility-Directed Resource Allocation Model (U-RAM)'' to solve the combined utility-directed resource allocation problem within VDCs. Our solution involves an iterative algorithm that leverages utility functions of system, network and human components obtained using a novel Virtual Desktop performance benchmarking toolkit viz., ''VDBench'' that we developed. The combined utility functions are used to direct decision schemes based on Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions for creating user Desktop pools and determining optimal resource allocation size/location. We deploy VDBench in a VDC testbed featuring: (a) popular user applications (Spreadsheet Calculator, Internet Browser, Media Player, Interactive Visualization), and (b) TCP/UDP based thin-client protocols (RDP, RGS, PCoIP) under a variety of user load and network health conditions. Simulation results based on the utility functions obtained from the testbed demonstrate that our solution maximizes VDC scalability i.e., 'VDs per core density', and 'user connections quantity', while delivering satisfactory thin-client user experience.

  • vdbench a benchmarking toolkit for thin client based Virtual Desktop environments
    IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science, 2010
    Co-Authors: Alex Berryman, Prasad Calyam, Matthew Honigford, Albert M Lai
    Abstract:

    The recent advances in thin client devices and the push to transition users' Desktop delivery to cloud environments will eventually transform how Desktop computers are used today. The ability to measure and adapt the performance of Virtual Desktop environments is a major challenge for ''Virtual Desktop cloud'' service providers. In this paper, we present the ''VD Bench'' toolkit that uses a novel methodology and related metrics to benchmark thin-client based Virtual Desktop environments in terms of scalability and reliability. We also describe how we used a VD Bench instance to benchmark the performance of: (a) popular user applications (Spreadsheet Calculator, Internet Browser, Media Player, Interactive Visualization), (b) TCP/UDP based thin client protocols (RDP, RGS, PCoIP), and (c) remote user experience (interactive response times, perceived video quality), under a variety of system load and network health conditions. Our results can help service providers to mitigate over-provisioning in sizing Virtual Desktop resources, and guesswork in thin client protocol configurations, and thus obtain significant cost savings while simultaneously fostering satisfied customers.

  • CloudCom - VDBench: A Benchmarking Toolkit for Thin-Client Based Virtual Desktop Environments
    2010 IEEE Second International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science, 2010
    Co-Authors: Alex Berryman, Prasad Calyam, Matthew Honigford, Albert M Lai
    Abstract:

    The recent advances in thin client devices and the push to transition users' Desktop delivery to cloud environments will eventually transform how Desktop computers are used today. The ability to measure and adapt the performance of Virtual Desktop environments is a major challenge for ''Virtual Desktop cloud'' service providers. In this paper, we present the ''VD Bench'' toolkit that uses a novel methodology and related metrics to benchmark thin-client based Virtual Desktop environments in terms of scalability and reliability. We also describe how we used a VD Bench instance to benchmark the performance of: (a) popular user applications (Spreadsheet Calculator, Internet Browser, Media Player, Interactive Visualization), (b) TCP/UDP based thin client protocols (RDP, RGS, PCoIP), and (c) remote user experience (interactive response times, perceived video quality), under a variety of system load and network health conditions. Our results can help service providers to mitigate over-provisioning in sizing Virtual Desktop resources, and guesswork in thin client protocol configurations, and thus obtain significant cost savings while simultaneously fostering satisfied customers.

Liang Liang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Virtual Desktop Infrastructure Problem Statement
    2011
    Co-Authors: Jun Wang, Liang Liang
    Abstract:

    The Virtual Desktop Infrastructure is a technology to separate local Desktop and remote computing/storage resources, which was initially derived from the remote Desktop administration but with new business models and very different use cases. Most of existing VDI systems are based on proprietary implementation, and positioning different market with different features. Since Virtual Desktop technology is believed to be a mainstream application delivery method, like http protocol against web applications, so it's important to make the Virtual Desktop access protocol open and standard. This draft summarizes the limitations of existing Virtual Desktop systems, and proposes the intent standardization work in IETF.

  • Survey of Virtual Desktop Infrastructure System
    2011
    Co-Authors: Jun Wang, Liang Liang
    Abstract:

    This document presents a survey of VDI (Virtual Desktop Infrastructure) system. Current popular VDI solutions are focused on, such as Microsoft RDS, Citrix XenDesktop, Redhat enterprise Virtualization for Desktops and VMware View. By analyzing the architecture and protocol flows of these solutions, the common features of VDI architecture and protocol are summarized.

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