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Katsumi Shibata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relationship Between Urinary Concentrations of Nine Water-soluble Vitamins and their Vitamin Intakes in Japanese Adult Males.
Nutrition and metabolic insights, 2014Co-Authors: Katsumi Shibata, Junko Hirose, Tsutomu FukuwatariAbstract:Excess water-soluble Vitamins are thought to be eliminated in the urine. We have reported a strong relationship between water-soluble Vitamin intake and urinary excretion in females. The relationship, however, is not well understood in males. In the present experiment, 10 Japanese male subjects were given a standard Japanese diet for the first week. The subjects remained on the same diet, and a synthesized water-soluble Vitamin Mixture containing one time the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for Japanese was given for the second week, three times the DRIs for the third week, and six times the DRIs for the fourth week. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected each week. Urinary excretion levels for seven of the nine water-soluble Vitamin levels, excluding Vitamin B12 and folate, increased linearly and sharply in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that measuring urinary water-soluble Vitamins can be good nutritional markers for assessing Vitamin intakes in humans.
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effects of ethanol consumption on the b group Vitamin contents of liver blood and urine in rats
British Journal of Nutrition, 2012Co-Authors: Aiko Miyazaki, Tsutomu Fukuwatari, Mitsue Sano, Katsumi ShibataAbstract:Several studies have shown that blood Vitamin levels are lower in alcoholic patients than in control subjects. Acute ethanol exposure enhances the release of Vitamins from liver cells in vitro. The aim of the present study is to confirm the effects of ethanol consumption on Vitamin contents in vivo. We compared the contents of B-group Vitamins in the liver, blood and urine between ethanol-fed and control rats fed a diet containing a sufficient- and low-Vitamin Mixture. The experimental rats were fed a 15 % ethanol solution freely for 28 d, and then 24 h urine samples were collected, after which the animals were killed. The B-group Vitamin contents in the liver, blood and urine were measured. No differences in liver, blood and urine contents were observed between the control and ethanol-fed rats fed a diet containing a sufficient-Vitamin Mixture. On the contrary, in rats fed a diet containing a low-Vitamin Mixture, consumption of ethanol caused a decrease in the contents of Vitamins B₁, B₂ and pantothenic acid in the liver; however, the contents of the other Vitamins did not decrease. In the blood, the contents of Vitamins B₁, B₂, B₆ and pantothenic acid were lower in the ethanol-fed rats than in the controls. Urinary excretion of the B-group Vitamins, except for niacin, was lower in the ethanol-fed rats. These results show that ethanol consumption affects the absorption, distribution and excretion of each of the Vitamins in rats fed a diet containing a low-Vitamin Mixture.
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Urinary Water-Soluble Vitamins and Their Metabolite Contents as Nutritional Markers for Evaluating Vitamin Intakes in Young Japanese Women
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 2008Co-Authors: Tsutomu Fukuwatari, Katsumi ShibataAbstract:Little information is available to estimate water-soluble Vitamin intakes from urinary Vitamins and their metabolite contents as possible nutritional markers. Determination of the relationships between the oral dose and urinary excretion of water-soluble Vitamins in human subjects contributes to finding valid nutrition markers of water-soluble Vitamin intakes. Six female Japanese college students were given a standard Japanese diet in the first week, the same diet with a synthesized water-soluble Vitamin Mixture as a diet with approximately onefold Vitamin Mixture based on Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for Japanese in the second week, with a threefold Vitamin Mixture in the third week, and a sixfold Mixture in the fourth week. Water-soluble Vitamins and their metabolites were measured in the 24-h urine collected each week. All urinary Vitamins and their metabolite levels except Vitamin B12 increased linearly in a dose-dependent manner, and highly correlated with Vitamin intake (r=0.959 for Vitamin B1, r=0.927 for Vitamin B2, r=0.965 for Vitamin B6, r=0.957 for niacin, r=0.934 for pantothenic acid, r=0.907 for folic acid, r=0.962 for biotin, and r=0.952 for Vitamin C). These results suggest that measuring urinary water-soluble Vitamins and their metabolite levels can be used as good nutritional markers for assessing Vitamin intakes.
Tsutomu Fukuwatari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relationship Between Urinary Concentrations of Nine Water-soluble Vitamins and their Vitamin Intakes in Japanese Adult Males.
Nutrition and metabolic insights, 2014Co-Authors: Katsumi Shibata, Junko Hirose, Tsutomu FukuwatariAbstract:Excess water-soluble Vitamins are thought to be eliminated in the urine. We have reported a strong relationship between water-soluble Vitamin intake and urinary excretion in females. The relationship, however, is not well understood in males. In the present experiment, 10 Japanese male subjects were given a standard Japanese diet for the first week. The subjects remained on the same diet, and a synthesized water-soluble Vitamin Mixture containing one time the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for Japanese was given for the second week, three times the DRIs for the third week, and six times the DRIs for the fourth week. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected each week. Urinary excretion levels for seven of the nine water-soluble Vitamin levels, excluding Vitamin B12 and folate, increased linearly and sharply in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that measuring urinary water-soluble Vitamins can be good nutritional markers for assessing Vitamin intakes in humans.
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effects of ethanol consumption on the b group Vitamin contents of liver blood and urine in rats
British Journal of Nutrition, 2012Co-Authors: Aiko Miyazaki, Tsutomu Fukuwatari, Mitsue Sano, Katsumi ShibataAbstract:Several studies have shown that blood Vitamin levels are lower in alcoholic patients than in control subjects. Acute ethanol exposure enhances the release of Vitamins from liver cells in vitro. The aim of the present study is to confirm the effects of ethanol consumption on Vitamin contents in vivo. We compared the contents of B-group Vitamins in the liver, blood and urine between ethanol-fed and control rats fed a diet containing a sufficient- and low-Vitamin Mixture. The experimental rats were fed a 15 % ethanol solution freely for 28 d, and then 24 h urine samples were collected, after which the animals were killed. The B-group Vitamin contents in the liver, blood and urine were measured. No differences in liver, blood and urine contents were observed between the control and ethanol-fed rats fed a diet containing a sufficient-Vitamin Mixture. On the contrary, in rats fed a diet containing a low-Vitamin Mixture, consumption of ethanol caused a decrease in the contents of Vitamins B₁, B₂ and pantothenic acid in the liver; however, the contents of the other Vitamins did not decrease. In the blood, the contents of Vitamins B₁, B₂, B₆ and pantothenic acid were lower in the ethanol-fed rats than in the controls. Urinary excretion of the B-group Vitamins, except for niacin, was lower in the ethanol-fed rats. These results show that ethanol consumption affects the absorption, distribution and excretion of each of the Vitamins in rats fed a diet containing a low-Vitamin Mixture.
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Urinary Water-Soluble Vitamins and Their Metabolite Contents as Nutritional Markers for Evaluating Vitamin Intakes in Young Japanese Women
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 2008Co-Authors: Tsutomu Fukuwatari, Katsumi ShibataAbstract:Little information is available to estimate water-soluble Vitamin intakes from urinary Vitamins and their metabolite contents as possible nutritional markers. Determination of the relationships between the oral dose and urinary excretion of water-soluble Vitamins in human subjects contributes to finding valid nutrition markers of water-soluble Vitamin intakes. Six female Japanese college students were given a standard Japanese diet in the first week, the same diet with a synthesized water-soluble Vitamin Mixture as a diet with approximately onefold Vitamin Mixture based on Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for Japanese in the second week, with a threefold Vitamin Mixture in the third week, and a sixfold Mixture in the fourth week. Water-soluble Vitamins and their metabolites were measured in the 24-h urine collected each week. All urinary Vitamins and their metabolite levels except Vitamin B12 increased linearly in a dose-dependent manner, and highly correlated with Vitamin intake (r=0.959 for Vitamin B1, r=0.927 for Vitamin B2, r=0.965 for Vitamin B6, r=0.957 for niacin, r=0.934 for pantothenic acid, r=0.907 for folic acid, r=0.962 for biotin, and r=0.952 for Vitamin C). These results suggest that measuring urinary water-soluble Vitamins and their metabolite levels can be used as good nutritional markers for assessing Vitamin intakes.
Tsutomu Fujihara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Feeding value of wild Napier grass (Pennisetum macrourum) for cattle supplemented with protein and/or energy rich supplements
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2003Co-Authors: M. N. Shem, E. J. Mtengeti, M Luaga, Toshiyoshi Ichinohe, Tsutomu FujiharaAbstract:Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the feeding value of Pennisetum macrourum , commonly known as wild Napier grass, as a feed for cattle. Experiment 1 was a nutritive value determination using four crossbred steers and four diets in a 4×4 Latin square design experiment. The four diets were: wild Napier grass + mineral/Vitamin Mixture (WN), wild Napier grass + 0.5 kg fishmeal + 0.5 kg maize bran + mineral/Vitamin Mixture (MB+FM), wild Napier grass + 0.5 kg molasses + mineral/Vitamin Mixture (MO) and wild Napier grass + 0.5 kg fishmeal + 0.5 kg molasses + mineral/Vitamin Mixture (MO+FM). Wild Napier grass contained 668, 256 and 78 g/kg DM of NDF, ADF and CP, respectively. The DM intake (67.9, 118.9, 96, 132.9 g/kg for animals on WN, MB+FM, MO and MO+FM, respectively) differed ( P P P P P P P
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Gliricidia sepium as an alternative protein supplement to cottonseed cake for smallholder dairy cows fed on Napier grass in Tanzania
Agroforestry Systems, 2003Co-Authors: M. N. Shem, B.p. Machibula, S. V. Sarwatt, Tsutomu FujiharaAbstract:Lack of availability, poor quality forages and cost of concentrate feeds, especially during the dry season, are some of the major problems faced by smallholder dairy producers in the tropics. Therefore, two experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritive value and economic benefits of substituting cottonseed cake (CSC) by Gliricidia sepium (GS) for milk yield and composition of crossbred dairy cattle. In experiment one chemical composition of the two feeds and their dry matter degradability (DMD) were determined. GS had (P 0.05). In experiment two, four treatment diets, all based on Napier grass, maize bran, mineral/Vitamin Mixture and two levels each of GS and CSC, were fed to milk cows in a 4 × 4 Latin square experiment. The treatments were, T1 = 0 GS + CSC 18%, T2 = 18% GS + CSC, T3 = 23.4% GS + CSC and T4 = 39.7% GS + CSC. Cows on T1 and T3 showed (P 0.05) in milk protein, butterfat and total solids contents between the treatments. Cost analyses showed diet T3 to be more profitable than the other treatments, suggesting that the use of GS in combination with CSC is more profitable than when either of the two was used alone.
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Gliricidia sepium as an alternative protein supplement to cottonseed cake for smallholder dairy cows fed on Napier grass in Tanzania
Agroforestry Systems, 2003Co-Authors: M. N. Shem, B.p. Machibula, S. V. Sarwatt, Tsutomu FujiharaAbstract:Lack of availability, poor quality forages and cost of concentrate feeds, especially during the dry season, are some of the major problems faced by smallholder dairy producers in the tropics. Therefore, two experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritive value and economic benefits of substituting cottonseed cake (CSC) by Gliricidia sepium (GS) for milk yield and composition of crossbred dairy cattle. In experiment one chemical composition of the two feeds and their dry matter degradability (DMD) were determined. GS had (P < 0.05) higher dry matter degradability (DMD) than CSC. Potential DM degradability (PDMD) and degradation rate constants ( c ) of CSC and GS did not vary (P > 0.05). In experiment two, four treatment diets, all based on Napier grass, maize bran, mineral/Vitamin Mixture and two levels each of GS and CSC, were fed to milk cows in a 4 × 4 Latin square experiment. The treatments were, T1 = 0 GS + CSC 18%, T2 = 18% GS + CSC, T3 = 23.4% GS + CSC and T4 = 39.7% GS + CSC. Cows on T1 and T3 showed (P < 0.05) higher total DMI, metabolizable energy intake (MEI) and milk yield than cows on T2 and T4. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in milk protein, butterfat and total solids contents between the treatments. Cost analyses showed diet T3 to be more profitable than the other treatments, suggesting that the use of GS in combination with CSC is more profitable than when either of the two was used alone.
P. Kevin Rudeen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chronic Ethanol Treatment Reduces the Responsiveness of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis to Central Stimulation
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 1996Co-Authors: R. Thomas Zoeller, Donald L. Fletcher, Agnes Simonyi, P. Kevin RudeenAbstract:The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis functions abnormally in man and animals chronically exposed to ethanol. The most consistent observation in humans is that the thyrotropin response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is blunted. We have tested the hypothesis that chronic ethanol treatment in rats leads to a diminished responsiveness of the hypothalamus to central stimulation. Animals were maintained on 1 of 3 diets for 4 weeks : (1) laboratory chow and water provided ad libitum (chow-fed), (2) Sustacal chocolate liquid diet with Vitamin Mixture containing 5% (w/v) ethanol provided ad libitum (ethanol), or (3) Sustacal chocolate liquid diet with Vitamin Mixture containing sucrose substituted isocalorically (35%) for ethanol and provided in amounts matched to a weight-paired, ethanol-treated animal (pair-fed). At the end of 4 weeks, the animals were evaluated for their response to a single injection of ethanol (3 g/kg, ip) and/or exposure to 5°C. Chronic ethanol treatment produced an increase in TRH mRNA in neurons of the paraventricular nucleus and fully blocked the thyrotropic response to cold exposure. However, chronic ethanol-treated animals did not exhibit altered basal levels of triiodothyronine or thyrotropin, nor did they have an altered response to a single injection of ethanol. These data demonstrate that chronic alcohol exposure alters functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis at least in part by affecting TRH neurons of the paraventricular nucleus.
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Chronic Ethanol Treatment Reduces the Responsiveness of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis to Central Stimulation
Alcoholism clinical and experimental research, 1996Co-Authors: R. Thomas Zoeller, Donald L. Fletcher, Agnes Simonyi, P. Kevin RudeenAbstract:The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis functions abnormally in man and animals chronically exposed to ethanol. The most consistent observation in humans is that the thyrotropin response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is blunted. We have tested the hypothesis that chronic ethanol treatment in rats leads to a diminished responsiveness of the hypothalamus to central stimulation. Animals were maintained on 1 of 3 diets for 4 weeks: (1) laboratory chow and water provided ad libitum (chow-fed), (2) Sustacal chocolate liquid diet with Vitamin Mixture containing 5% (w/v) ethanol provided ad libitum (ethanol), or (3) Sustacal chocolate liquid diet with Vitamin Mixture containing sucrose substituted isocalorically (35%) for ethanol and provided in amounts matched to a weight-paired, ethanol-treated animal (pair-fed). At the end of 4 weeks, the animals were evaluated for their response to a single injection of ethanol (3 g/kg, ip) and/or exposure to 5 degrees C. Chronic ethanol treatment produced an increase in TRH mRNA in neurons of the paraventricular nucleus and fully blocked the thyrotropic response to cold exposure. However, chronic ethanol-treated animals did not exhibit altered basal levels of triiodothyronine or thyrotropin, nor did they have an altered response to a single injection of ethanol. These data demonstrate that chronic alcohol exposure alters functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis at least in part by affecting TRH neurons of the paraventricular nucleus.
M. N. Shem - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Feeding value of wild Napier grass (Pennisetum macrourum) for cattle supplemented with protein and/or energy rich supplements
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2003Co-Authors: M. N. Shem, E. J. Mtengeti, M Luaga, Toshiyoshi Ichinohe, Tsutomu FujiharaAbstract:Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the feeding value of Pennisetum macrourum , commonly known as wild Napier grass, as a feed for cattle. Experiment 1 was a nutritive value determination using four crossbred steers and four diets in a 4×4 Latin square design experiment. The four diets were: wild Napier grass + mineral/Vitamin Mixture (WN), wild Napier grass + 0.5 kg fishmeal + 0.5 kg maize bran + mineral/Vitamin Mixture (MB+FM), wild Napier grass + 0.5 kg molasses + mineral/Vitamin Mixture (MO) and wild Napier grass + 0.5 kg fishmeal + 0.5 kg molasses + mineral/Vitamin Mixture (MO+FM). Wild Napier grass contained 668, 256 and 78 g/kg DM of NDF, ADF and CP, respectively. The DM intake (67.9, 118.9, 96, 132.9 g/kg for animals on WN, MB+FM, MO and MO+FM, respectively) differed ( P P P P P P P
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Gliricidia sepium as an alternative protein supplement to cottonseed cake for smallholder dairy cows fed on Napier grass in Tanzania
Agroforestry Systems, 2003Co-Authors: M. N. Shem, B.p. Machibula, S. V. Sarwatt, Tsutomu FujiharaAbstract:Lack of availability, poor quality forages and cost of concentrate feeds, especially during the dry season, are some of the major problems faced by smallholder dairy producers in the tropics. Therefore, two experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritive value and economic benefits of substituting cottonseed cake (CSC) by Gliricidia sepium (GS) for milk yield and composition of crossbred dairy cattle. In experiment one chemical composition of the two feeds and their dry matter degradability (DMD) were determined. GS had (P 0.05). In experiment two, four treatment diets, all based on Napier grass, maize bran, mineral/Vitamin Mixture and two levels each of GS and CSC, were fed to milk cows in a 4 × 4 Latin square experiment. The treatments were, T1 = 0 GS + CSC 18%, T2 = 18% GS + CSC, T3 = 23.4% GS + CSC and T4 = 39.7% GS + CSC. Cows on T1 and T3 showed (P 0.05) in milk protein, butterfat and total solids contents between the treatments. Cost analyses showed diet T3 to be more profitable than the other treatments, suggesting that the use of GS in combination with CSC is more profitable than when either of the two was used alone.
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Gliricidia sepium as an alternative protein supplement to cottonseed cake for smallholder dairy cows fed on Napier grass in Tanzania
Agroforestry Systems, 2003Co-Authors: M. N. Shem, B.p. Machibula, S. V. Sarwatt, Tsutomu FujiharaAbstract:Lack of availability, poor quality forages and cost of concentrate feeds, especially during the dry season, are some of the major problems faced by smallholder dairy producers in the tropics. Therefore, two experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritive value and economic benefits of substituting cottonseed cake (CSC) by Gliricidia sepium (GS) for milk yield and composition of crossbred dairy cattle. In experiment one chemical composition of the two feeds and their dry matter degradability (DMD) were determined. GS had (P < 0.05) higher dry matter degradability (DMD) than CSC. Potential DM degradability (PDMD) and degradation rate constants ( c ) of CSC and GS did not vary (P > 0.05). In experiment two, four treatment diets, all based on Napier grass, maize bran, mineral/Vitamin Mixture and two levels each of GS and CSC, were fed to milk cows in a 4 × 4 Latin square experiment. The treatments were, T1 = 0 GS + CSC 18%, T2 = 18% GS + CSC, T3 = 23.4% GS + CSC and T4 = 39.7% GS + CSC. Cows on T1 and T3 showed (P < 0.05) higher total DMI, metabolizable energy intake (MEI) and milk yield than cows on T2 and T4. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in milk protein, butterfat and total solids contents between the treatments. Cost analyses showed diet T3 to be more profitable than the other treatments, suggesting that the use of GS in combination with CSC is more profitable than when either of the two was used alone.
