The Experts below are selected from a list of 771 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nina Czernich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Does broadband internet reduce the unemployment rate? Evidence for Germany
Information Economics and Policy, 2014Co-Authors: Nina CzernichAbstract:Broadband internet is widely considered an important determinant of economic growth that has a positive effect on various economic variables. This paper addresses the question whether differences in the availability of broadband internet between German municipalities can explain differences in the unemployment rate. OLS results indicate a negative association between DSL availability and unemployment rates. However, the roll-out of DSL networks is not random. To address concerns of reverse causality and omitted variables, an instrumental variable approach is used, which rests on impediments to the roll-out of DSL networks that stem from the structure of the pre-existing Voice-Telephony network. The results of the instrumental variable estimations do not confirm the OLS results suggesting that the availability of DSL does not reduce the unemployment rate.
-
Broadband Internet and Political Participation: Evidence for Germany
Kyklos, 2012Co-Authors: Nina CzernichAbstract:Previous studies found the introduction of the today well established media radio and television to affect political participation. This paper evaluates the effect of the relatively recent introduction of a new medium, broadband internet. OLS results suggest a positive association between DSL availability and voter participation across German municipalities. However, the roll-out of DSL networks is not random. The paper exploits the fact that DSL availability depends on a unicipality’s distance to the nearest interconnection point to the existing Voice-Telephony network. Instrumental-variable results using this distance to predict DSL availability confirm the effect of DSL availability on voter participation.
-
Broadband Infrastructure and Unemployment - Evidence for Germany
2011Co-Authors: Nina CzernichAbstract:Online job search is becoming increasingly prominent and is viewed to improve the efficiency of the search process. OLS results suggest a negative association of DSL availability with unemployment rates across German municipalities. However, the roll-out of DSL networks is not random. This paper exploits the fact that the availability of DSL connections depends on a municipality’s distance to the closest interconnection point to the pre-existing Voice-Telephony network. Instrumental-variable results using this distance as an instrument for DSL availability do not confirm the effect of DSL availability on unemployment.
-
Broadband Infrastructure and Economic Growth
Economic Journal, 2011Co-Authors: Nina Czernich, Tobias Kretschmer, Oliver Falck, Ludger WoessmannAbstract:We estimate the effect of broadband infrastructure, which enables high-speed internet, on economic growth in the panel of OECD countries in 1996-2007. Our instrumental variable model derives its non-linear first stage from a logistic diffusion model where pre-existing Voice Telephony and cable TV networks predict maximum broadband penetration. We find that a 10 percentage point increase in broadband penetration raised annual per capita growth by 0.91.5 percentage points. Results are robust to country and year fixed effects and controlling for linear second-stage effects of our instruments. We verify that our instruments predict broadband penetration but not diffusion of contemporaneous technologies like mobile Telephony and computers.
Martin Peitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Local loop unbundling in Europe : Experience, prospects and policy challenges : Unbundling facing new challenges
Communications & Strategies, 2020Co-Authors: Paul De Bijl, Martin PeitzAbstract:This paper discusses the development of local loop unbundling in telecommunications markets throughout the European Union. It elaborates on the regulatory framework in Europe and provides an overview of recent experiences in Europe. Different types of unbundling, allowing for different types of entry and services provided by entrants, are discussed. This paper also explores the challenges for policy and regulation that arise because of unbundling and recent, related technological developments in the markets for fixed Voice Telephony and broadband internet access, particularly the emergence of packet-switched Telephony such as VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol).
-
Local Loop Unbundling in Europe: Experience, Prospects and Policy Challenges
Communications & Strategies, 2005Co-Authors: Paul De Bijl, Martin PeitzAbstract:This paper discusses the development of local loop unbundling in telecommunications markets throughout the European Union. It elaborates on the regulatory framework in Europe and provides an overview of recent experiences in Europe. Different types of unbundling, allowing for different types of entry and services provided by entrants, are discussed. This paper also explores the challenges for policy and regulation that arise because of unbundling and recent, related technological developments in the markets for fixed Voice Telephony and broadband internet access, particularly the emergence of packet-switched Telephony such as VoIP.
-
Local Loop Unbundling: One-Way Access and Imperfect Competition
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2004Co-Authors: Paul De Bijl, Martin PeitzAbstract:This paper analyzes one-way access and, in particular, local loop unbundling (LLU) in telecommunications markets. At present, LLU seems most promising as a means for entrants to offer broadband internet access. As Voice Telephony can be implemented by using the 'internet protocol' when consumers have broadband access, LLU may, in the end, spur competition in markets for Voice Telephony as well. Thus LLU is an important way to stimulate competition in the broadly defined market for fixed telecommunications. In this paper we explore situations of one-way access in which the entrant, the firm without the essential input, has market power. We first review the nature of LLU when there is full consumer participation. Next, we explore the case of partial participation, where the entrant can attract further participation. In the first case, unbundling requirements are neutral to competition. This result breaks down under partial consumer participation. Hence, regulation of unbundling requirements should be particularly concerned with market segments such as broadband access in which partial participation seems to be a key feature.
Giridhar D. Mandyam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
PIMRC - Improving battery life for wireless web services through the use of a mobile proxy
21st Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2010Co-Authors: Giridhar D. MandyamAbstract:Cell phone battery life has been a fundamental design consideration ever since the first mobile devices were introduced in the 1970's. When mobile services were restricted to Voice, the problem from a system design perspective often boiled down to finding best of breed components (e.g. amplifiers, signal processors, etc.) that optimized power while not sacrificing size. However, today's cell phones support a wide array of services beyond Voice Telephony, and battery life optimization is now being considered with respect to each of this multitude of services. Optimizing battery life for internet usage is a less constrained problem than optimization for Voice Telephony or audio and video playback. For starters, it is difficult to optimize the hardware in a mobile phone for a specific internet service given that there are many different types of services available over the internet (email, web, etc.). Nevertheless, almost all popular internet services that do not require a guaranteed level of quality-of-service (e.g. VoIP) can be delivered as web services wireless settings. As a result, power optimization in web transport mechanisms is an attractive area of focus for internet power optimization. In this work, the use of a mobile web proxy is considered as a means of increasing handset battery life for mobile web browsing. By leveraging observed user interaction with web content, the proxy can be designed to improve power consumption without sacrificing user experience.
-
Improving battery life for wireless web services through the use of a mobile proxy
IEEE International Symposium on Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications PIMRC, 2010Co-Authors: Giridhar D. MandyamAbstract:Cell phone battery life has been a fundamental design consideration ever since the first mobile devices were introduced in the 1970's. When mobile services were restricted to Voice, the problem from a system design perspective often boiled down to finding best of breed components (e.g. amplifiers, signal processors, etc.) that optimized power while not sacrificing size. However, today's cell phones support a wide array of services beyond Voice Telephony, and battery life optimization is now being considered with respect to each of this multitude of services. Optimizing battery life for internet usage is a less constrained problem than optimization for Voice Telephony or audio and video playback. For starters, it is difficult to optimize the hardware in a mobile phone for a specific internet service given that there are many different types of services available over the internet (email, web, etc.). Nevertheless, almost all popular internet services that do not require a guaranteed level of quality-of-service (e.g. VoIP) can be delivered as web services wireless settings. As a result, power optimization in web transport mechanisms is an attractive area of focus for internet power optimization. In this work, the use of a mobile web proxy is considered as a means of increasing handset battery life for mobile web browsing. By leveraging observed user interaction with web content, the proxy can be designed to improve power consumption without sacrificing user experience.
Christine Zulehner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Is fixed-mobile substitution strong enough to de-regulate fixed Voice Telephony? Evidence from the Austrian markets
Journal of Regulatory Economics, 2011Co-Authors: Wolfgang Briglauer, Anton Schwarz, Christine ZulehnerAbstract:In this paper, we estimate own-price elasticities for fixed network Voice Telephony access and national calls services for private users as well as cross-price elasticities to mobile services using time series data from 2002 to 2007 from the Austrian markets. Using instrumental variable estimates and considering cointegration, we find that access is inelastic while calls are elastic. We conclude that the retail market for national calls of private users can probably be deregulated due to sufficient competitive pressure from mobile. Access-substitution on the other hand does not seem to be strong enough to justify de-regulation.
-
is fixed mobile substitution strong enough to de regulate fixed Voice Telephony evidence from the austrian markets
Journal of Regulatory Economics, 2011Co-Authors: Wolfgang Briglauer, Anton Schwarz, Christine ZulehnerAbstract:We estimate own-price elasticities for fixed network Voice Telephony access and (national) calls services for private users and cross-price elasticities to mobile using time series data from 2002-2007 from the Austrian market. Using instrumental variable estimates and taking into account the possibility of cointegration we find that access is inelastic while calls are elastic. We conclude that the retail market for national calls of private users can probably be deregulated due to sufficient competitive pressure from mobile. Access-substitution on the other hand does not seem to be strong enough to justify de-regulation.
Pavlos C Symeou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
fixed Voice Telephony in economies of different sizes when industry policy meets technological change
Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2014Co-Authors: Pavlos C Symeou, Michael G PollittAbstract:The diffusion of fixed Voice Telephony has traditionally been backed by regulatory policies advocating industrial change, private involvement, and industry supervision. In the light of great ambiguity in the outcomes of such measures, this paper calls for consideration of the effect of technological change reflected in mobile Telephony diffusion and the moderating role of economy size that depicts market and economic conditions. Based on an econometric analysis of data for 168 economies for the period 1980–2008, the research findings indicate that existing studies have overvalued the effects of industry policy measures on fixed Voice diffusion. Technological change challenges policy's role as it shows a much more consistent leverage for fixed Voice diffusion. The relationship between the two communication technologies and the outcomes of certain industry policies are moderated by economy size.
