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R. C. Campling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Factors affecting the Voluntary Intake of food by cows. 8. Experiments with ground, pelleted roughages.
British Journal of Nutrition, 2007Co-Authors: R. C. Campling, Martin FreerAbstract:1. Two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of grinding and pelleting roughages on the Voluntary Intake of food, digestibility, time of retention of food in the digestive tract, amounts of digesta in the recitulo-rumen and eating and ruminating behaviour of adult, non-lactating, non-pregnant cows. The first experiment was with artificially dried grass and the second with oat straw; also, with a diet of ground, pelleted oat straw the effect was studied of giving a daily intraruminal infusion of 150 g urea. The size of the particles of the ground roughages are given. 2. The mean Voluntary Intakes of long and ground dried grass were similar, the Voluntary Intake of ground, pelleted oat straw was 26% greater than that of long straw and the daily infusion of urea increased the Voluntary Intake of ground, pelleted oat straw by 53%. 3. The digestibility of the ground roughages was lower than that of the long roughages, the lower digestibility of the ground roughages was due mainly to the poor digestibility of crude fibre in the reticulo-rumen. The rate of disappearance of cotton thread placed in the ventral sac of the rumen was slower with ground than with long roughages. 4. The mean times of retention of ground roughages were shorter than those of long roughages when equal and restricted amounts of each food were given; with food offered ad lib. there was little difference between the mean times of retention of long and ground roughages in the alimentary tract. 5. On average, the mean amounts of digesta dry matter in the reticulo-rumen immediately after a meal were about the same with long and ground dried grass, with long and ground oat straw the amounts of dry matter were similar, but when the intraruminal infusion of urea was given the amount of dry matter increased by 49%. 6. The rate of eating (min/kg food) ground, pelleted roughages was much faster than that with long roughages; when the cows received ground roughage rumination did not occur but during short periods triple reticular contractions were seen. 7. The relationship between the Voluntary Intake of food, the amount of digesta in the reticulo-rumen and the rate of disappearance of digesta from the alimentary tract is discussed.
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Effects of sodium hydroxide and of energy and protein supplements on the Voluntary Intake and digestibility of barley, oat and wheat straw by cattle
The Journal of Agricultural Science, 1991Co-Authors: J. W. W. Ng'ambi, R. C. CamplingAbstract:SUMMARYThree change-over experiments with yearling cattle examined the effects on Voluntary Intake and digestibility of treating barley, oat and wheat straws with NaOH. Increases in Intake due to the NaOH treatment were: with barley straw 31 %, oat straw 9% and with wheat straw 1 %, and the corresponding improvements in digestibility were 36, 13 and 24%. A further three experimentswith yearling heifers and steers measured the effects of supplements on the responsein feeding value to NaOH treatment of wheat straw. Increasing the daily supplement of rolled barley from 10 to 3·4 kg led to a decrease in Voluntary Intake of treated straw from 4·6 to 3·6 kg organic matter (OM), while including urea, to increase the concentrationof nitrogenin a beet pulp supplement from 19 to 24 gN/kg dry matter (DM), gave an increasein Intakeof straw from 3·4 to 4·8 kg OM. Providing more than c. 15 gN/kg dietary DM did not lead to a significant increase in Voluntary Intake or digestibility. In a further experiment, isonitrogenous supplements of rolled barley and soyabean meal, or rolled barley and fishmeal, led to similar Intakes and digestibilities of treatedstraw. The variation in response to NaOH treatment is discussed.
R.c. Dobos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A study of Voluntary Intake and digestibility of roughages in relation to their degradation characteristics and retention time in the rumen
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1993Co-Authors: K.s. Nandra, A. Hendry, R.c. DobosAbstract:Abstract The Voluntary Intake, apparent digestibility, apparent mean rumen retention time of dry matter (DM), cell wall organic matter (CWOM) and the components of CWOM of wheaten straw (WS), oaten chaff (OC), lucerne hay (LH) and meadow hay (MH) were measured in rumen cannulated sheep using a 4 × 4 Latin square design. DM degradation characteristics (in sacco) of these roughages were also measured by incubating samples in nylon bags in the rumen of cannulated sheep, fed the same diets. Mean Voluntary Intake of organic matter (OMI) was more closely related to in sacco degradability at 24 h (r2 = 0.88) and mean retention time of DM (r2 = 0.98) than to in vivo digestibility (r2 = 0.70). More than 90% of the variation in OMI could be accounted for by mean rumen retention time of CWOM, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The Intakes of WS and OC (378 and 515 g OM day−1) were lower than those of LH and MH (1251 and 1288 g OM day−1) because of their lower in sacco degradability and the slower rate of passage of indigestible fraction from the rumen.
K.s. Nandra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A study of Voluntary Intake and digestibility of roughages in relation to their degradation characteristics and retention time in the rumen
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1993Co-Authors: K.s. Nandra, A. Hendry, R.c. DobosAbstract:Abstract The Voluntary Intake, apparent digestibility, apparent mean rumen retention time of dry matter (DM), cell wall organic matter (CWOM) and the components of CWOM of wheaten straw (WS), oaten chaff (OC), lucerne hay (LH) and meadow hay (MH) were measured in rumen cannulated sheep using a 4 × 4 Latin square design. DM degradation characteristics (in sacco) of these roughages were also measured by incubating samples in nylon bags in the rumen of cannulated sheep, fed the same diets. Mean Voluntary Intake of organic matter (OMI) was more closely related to in sacco degradability at 24 h (r2 = 0.88) and mean retention time of DM (r2 = 0.98) than to in vivo digestibility (r2 = 0.70). More than 90% of the variation in OMI could be accounted for by mean rumen retention time of CWOM, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The Intakes of WS and OC (378 and 515 g OM day−1) were lower than those of LH and MH (1251 and 1288 g OM day−1) because of their lower in sacco degradability and the slower rate of passage of indigestible fraction from the rumen.
A. Hendry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A study of Voluntary Intake and digestibility of roughages in relation to their degradation characteristics and retention time in the rumen
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1993Co-Authors: K.s. Nandra, A. Hendry, R.c. DobosAbstract:Abstract The Voluntary Intake, apparent digestibility, apparent mean rumen retention time of dry matter (DM), cell wall organic matter (CWOM) and the components of CWOM of wheaten straw (WS), oaten chaff (OC), lucerne hay (LH) and meadow hay (MH) were measured in rumen cannulated sheep using a 4 × 4 Latin square design. DM degradation characteristics (in sacco) of these roughages were also measured by incubating samples in nylon bags in the rumen of cannulated sheep, fed the same diets. Mean Voluntary Intake of organic matter (OMI) was more closely related to in sacco degradability at 24 h (r2 = 0.88) and mean retention time of DM (r2 = 0.98) than to in vivo digestibility (r2 = 0.70). More than 90% of the variation in OMI could be accounted for by mean rumen retention time of CWOM, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The Intakes of WS and OC (378 and 515 g OM day−1) were lower than those of LH and MH (1251 and 1288 g OM day−1) because of their lower in sacco degradability and the slower rate of passage of indigestible fraction from the rumen.
J. W. W. Ng'ambi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of sodium hydroxide and of energy and protein supplements on the Voluntary Intake and digestibility of barley, oat and wheat straw by cattle
The Journal of Agricultural Science, 1991Co-Authors: J. W. W. Ng'ambi, R. C. CamplingAbstract:SUMMARYThree change-over experiments with yearling cattle examined the effects on Voluntary Intake and digestibility of treating barley, oat and wheat straws with NaOH. Increases in Intake due to the NaOH treatment were: with barley straw 31 %, oat straw 9% and with wheat straw 1 %, and the corresponding improvements in digestibility were 36, 13 and 24%. A further three experimentswith yearling heifers and steers measured the effects of supplements on the responsein feeding value to NaOH treatment of wheat straw. Increasing the daily supplement of rolled barley from 10 to 3·4 kg led to a decrease in Voluntary Intake of treated straw from 4·6 to 3·6 kg organic matter (OM), while including urea, to increase the concentrationof nitrogenin a beet pulp supplement from 19 to 24 gN/kg dry matter (DM), gave an increasein Intakeof straw from 3·4 to 4·8 kg OM. Providing more than c. 15 gN/kg dietary DM did not lead to a significant increase in Voluntary Intake or digestibility. In a further experiment, isonitrogenous supplements of rolled barley and soyabean meal, or rolled barley and fishmeal, led to similar Intakes and digestibilities of treatedstraw. The variation in response to NaOH treatment is discussed.
