The Experts below are selected from a list of 923442 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Peter Donnelly - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
victory for Volunteerism scottish health board elections and participation in the welfare state
Social Science & Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Scott L Greer, Ellen Stewart, Iain Wilson, Peter DonnellyAbstract:This paper presents findings from a multimethod study of pilot elections held to choose members of health boards in the National Health Service in Scotland. We begin by proposing that much current public involvement practice is dominated by a volunteerist model, in which members of the public with time and skills to offer play essentially supportive and non-challenging roles within health care organizations. This model contrasts sharply with the adversarial, political model of electoral democracy. Nonetheless, drawing on a postal survey of voters, non-participant observation of Boards, and semi-structured interviews with candidates, elected Board members and other stakeholders, we demonstrate that the introduction of elections did not overcome the volunteerist slant of current public involvement with health care organizations. Far from offering a ‘quick fix’ for policymakers seeking to ensure accountability of health care organizations, elections may produce remarkably similar outcomes to existing mechanisms of public involvement.
-
sport Volunteerism and social capital
Sociology of Sport Journal, 2007Co-Authors: Jean Harvey, Maurice Levesque, Peter DonnellyAbstract:This study focuses on the relationship between sport Volunteerism and social capital, defined here as a resource that stems from participation in certain social networks. A position generator and a resources generator were used to measure the social capital of respondents. Results from this pilot study survey, exploring several aspects of Volunteerism in sport in two Canadian communities (one in Quebec, the other in Ontario), show a strong relationship between Volunteerism in sport and social capital but do not allow a precise measure of the direction of this relationship. Results also show stronger relationships between sport Volunteerism and social capital when we control for gender, language, and age.
Mark Snyder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
understanding and encouraging Volunteerism and community involvement
Journal of Social Psychology, 2016Co-Authors: Arthur A Stukas, Mark Snyder, Gil E ClaryAbstract:ABSTRACTVolunteerism and community involvement have been demonstrated to offer benefits both to communities and to volunteers themselves. However, not every method to encourage these behaviors is equally effective in producing committed volunteers. Drawing on relevant theoretical and empirical literatures, we identify features of efforts that are likely to produce intrinsically motivated other-oriented volunteers and those that may produce extrinsically motivated self-oriented volunteers. In particular, we explore ways to socialize young people to help and ways to build a sense of community focused on particular issues. We also examine requirements for community service and other approaches that highlight self-oriented benefits that volunteers may obtain. Finally, we return to a focus on the importance of intrinsic motivation for promoting sustained involvement in volunteers, even as we acknowledge that volunteers who come with extrinsic or self-oriented reasons can still offer much to communities and can...
-
time perspective and Volunteerism the importance of focusing on the future
Journal of Social Psychology, 2016Co-Authors: Alexander Maki, Patrick C Dwyer, Mark SnyderAbstract:ABSTRACTBecause Volunteerism is a planned activity that unfolds over time, people who more frequently focus on the future might also be more likely to initiate Volunteerism and sustain it over time. Using longitudinal (Study 1) and experimental (Study 2) paradigms, we investigated whether time perspective, and in particular a person’s orientation toward the future, is related to volunteers’ beliefs and behavior. In Study 1, a person’s dispositional level of future time perspective was closely linked to volunteer beliefs and behavior. In Study 2, people who wrote about the future reported higher intentions to volunteer, and this was particularly true for infrequent volunteers and those with lower levels of dispositional future time perspective. Across two studies, we found evidence that future time perspective, whether a chronic disposition or a pattern of thought elicited by someone else, is linked to volunteer beliefs and behavior.
-
understanding americorps service perspectives from psychological theory and research on Volunteerism
Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 2015Co-Authors: Alexander Maki, Patrick C Dwyer, Mark SnyderAbstract:Although national service programs such as AmeriCorps share many characteristics with Volunteerism (such as sustained, prosocial action aimed at community improvement), little research has examined how theory and research relevant to volunteer behavior might help understand such service programs. We used psychological theory from the Volunteerism literature to test hypotheses about how the constructs of altruistic personality, role identity, and service motivations relate to AmeriCorps satisfaction, intentions, and behavior. In a longitudinal study of 188 AmeriCorps members, personality, identity, and motivation were all associated with important service experiences and outcomes. Specifically, whereas overall motivation was related to both satisfaction and intentions, altruistic personality and AmeriCorps identity were only related to intentions. Additionally, distinct service motivations were related to specific service experiences and outcomes. Finally, AmeriCorps members who felt that their motivations were satisfied during service tended to more frequently engage in additional voluntary service-related behaviors. We discuss implications of these findings for understanding AmeriCorps service, and for potentially improving public policy initiatives concerning AmeriCorps.
-
Volunteerism psychology of
International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), 2015Co-Authors: Mark Snyder, Alexander MakiAbstract:The psychology of Volunteerism has been informed by theoretical, empirical, and practical exploration. This article examines basic and applied scientific research on the antecedents, experiences, and consequences stages of the volunteer process. These stages of Volunteerism are considered for individual volunteers, the recipients of volunteer services, the organizations through which volunteers serve, and the wider community in which Volunteerism takes place. Theoretical and practical implications of Volunteerism are also discussed.
-
personality and motivational antecedents of activism and civic engagement
Journal of Personality, 2010Co-Authors: Allen M. Omoto, Mark Snyder, Justin D HackettAbstract:This article conceptually links theory and research on Volunteerism to different forms of political activity, specifically activism and civic engagement. Multiple perspectives and measures of personality as antecedents of Volunteerism, activism, and civic engagement are outlined, including individual differences in motivations, interpersonal orientations, and traits. Next, self-report data from 624 people involved in AIDS service organizations (as clients, volunteers, staff, or supporters) are utilized to empirically explore the best personality predictors of AIDS activism and civic engagement. Other-focused rather than self-focused motivation better predicted AIDS activism and civic engagement. The only measure of interpersonal orientation consistently related to these outcomes was communal orientation; as well, only the trait of extraversion was related to both outcomes. In analyses testing the predictive power of constellations of personality measures, other-focused motivation better predicted AIDS activism and civic engagement than the other measures of motivation, interpersonal orientation, and traits. Finally, meditational analyses supported a developmental sequence in which other-focused motivation leads to specific activism, which, in turn, encourages broader civic engagement. The discussion focuses on theoretical implications for understanding the impact of personality on different forms of citizenship behaviors and of the applicability of the Volunteer Process Model for studying political activity and civic engagement.
Kaifeng Jiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
win win win the influence of company sponsored Volunteerism programs on employees ngos and business units
Personnel Psychology, 2013Co-Authors: Paula Caligiuri, Ahsiya Mencin, Kaifeng JiangAbstract:Although the number of firms adopting corporate Volunteerism programs is rising steadily, very few firms are assessing the benefits of such programs on target groups, such as employees and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and identifying the conditions under which benefits to the various groups are maximized. This study addresses both by examining the conditions of employees� corporate volunteer assignments that lead to increased employee engagement, sustainability of the volunteers� project within the NGO, capability development for the business unit, and employees� continuation of Volunteerism. Using a longitudinal and multisource design, responses from 116 corporate volunteers from a global pharmaceutical organization are matched with responses from their NGO managers and their business unit managers at 3 points in time: at the start of the volunteer assignment, at the end of the assignment, and 6 months after the completion of the assignment. Across these outcomes, we found that employees� volunteer assignments are most valuable when they are international, when the volunteers perceive that their projects contribute meaningfully the NGO's functioning, when volunteers have professional skills (and are able to use them), when there are opportunities for skills to be developed that can be applied in the volunteers� regular work role, and when the NGOs have tangible resources to sustain the volunteers� projects.
Paula Caligiuri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
win win win the influence of company sponsored Volunteerism programs on employees ngos and business units
Personnel Psychology, 2013Co-Authors: Paula Caligiuri, Ahsiya Mencin, Kaifeng JiangAbstract:Although the number of firms adopting corporate Volunteerism programs is rising steadily, very few firms are assessing the benefits of such programs on target groups, such as employees and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and identifying the conditions under which benefits to the various groups are maximized. This study addresses both by examining the conditions of employees� corporate volunteer assignments that lead to increased employee engagement, sustainability of the volunteers� project within the NGO, capability development for the business unit, and employees� continuation of Volunteerism. Using a longitudinal and multisource design, responses from 116 corporate volunteers from a global pharmaceutical organization are matched with responses from their NGO managers and their business unit managers at 3 points in time: at the start of the volunteer assignment, at the end of the assignment, and 6 months after the completion of the assignment. Across these outcomes, we found that employees� volunteer assignments are most valuable when they are international, when the volunteers perceive that their projects contribute meaningfully the NGO's functioning, when volunteers have professional skills (and are able to use them), when there are opportunities for skills to be developed that can be applied in the volunteers� regular work role, and when the NGOs have tangible resources to sustain the volunteers� projects.
Phil Diller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the shoulder to shoulder model channeling medical Volunteerism toward sustainable health change
Family Medicine, 2007Co-Authors: Jeffery Heck, Andrew Bazemore, Phil DillerAbstract:Background: Rapid growth in medical Volunteerism in resource-poor countries presents an opportunity for improving global health. The challenge is to ensure that the good intentions of volunteers are channeled effectively into endeavors that generate locally acceptable, sustainable changes in health. Methods: Started in Honduras in 1990, Shoulder to Shoulder is a network of partnerships between family medicine training programs and communities in Honduras and other resource-poor countries. The program involves short-term volunteering by US health professionals collaborating with community health boards in the host countries. The program has been implemented in seven US family medicine training programs and is supported by a small international staff. Results: During the 16 years of program operation, more than 1,400 volunteers have made visits to host countries, which include Honduras, Ecuador, and Tanzania. Clinics have been established, school-based food programs and community-based water filtration programs developed, and cancer screening and pregnancy-care programs put in place. These and other programs have been implemented on a budget of less than $400,000, raised through donations and small grants. Conclusions: The Shoulder to Shoulder model allows health care professionals to channel short-term medical Volunteerism into sustainable health partnerships with resource-poor communities. The resulting network of partnerships offers a powerful resource available to governments and foundations, poised to provide innovative interventions and cost-effective services directly to poor communities.
