The Experts below are selected from a list of 8838 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sattwik Santra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Non-homothetic preferences: Explaining unidirectional movements in Wage differentials ☆
Journal of Development Economics, 2014Co-Authors: Sattwik SantraAbstract:This paper explores the impact of trade on the relative returns to skill in the presence of non-homothetic preferences. In a general equilibrium model of trade in differentiated products, it is shown that, if consumers react to a rise in real income by increasing their demands of the relatively skill intensive commodity/ies, then real income gains associated with trade, increase the skilled–unskilled Wage Ratio. This result generalizes to trade driven by comparative advantages and to technological progress.
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trade and market congestion an explanation for widening skilled unskilled Wage differential
Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 2012Co-Authors: Sattwik SantraAbstract:A model of trade with monopolistic competition is set up to explain unidirectional movements in skilled–unskilled Wage differential observed in most parts of the world. With trade, an individual firm faces a higher number of competitors. This rise in the number of market participants requires each firm to spend higher amount of a skill intensive resource to survive in the global market consequently raising the relative demand for skilled labor and thereby increasing the skilled–unskilled Wage Ratio.
Joyce Burnette - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The paradox of progress: the emergence of Wage discrimination in US manufacturing
European Review of Economic History, 2015Co-Authors: Joyce BurnetteAbstract:This article tests for Wage discrimination in US manufacturing during the nineteenth century and in 2002 by estimating the female-to-male productivity Ratio and comparing it to the Wage Ratio. This method will not identify all forms of discrimination, but will determine whether women were paid Wages commensurate with their productivity. There was no significant difference between the Wage Ratio and the productivity Ratio in the nineteenth century, but in 1900 there is evidence of gender discrimination among white-collar workers. In 2002 the female-to-male productivity Ratio was higher than in the nineteenth century, and the Wage Ratio was also higher, but the Wage Ratio was significantly lower than the productivity Ratio, at least for workers older than thirty-five. The movement from the spot labor markets of the nineteenth century to the internal labor markets has allowed for the emergence of gender Wage discrimination.
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The Emergence of Wage Discrimination in U.S. Manufacturing
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2011Co-Authors: Joyce BurnetteAbstract:This paper examines the hypothesis that Wage discrimination emerged at the beginning of the twentieth century. I test for Wage discrimination by estimating the female-male productivity Ratio from samples of manufacturing firms in the northeast, and then comparing the estimated productivity Ratio to the Wage Ratio. I find that women did not face Wage discrimination in manufacturing during the nineteenth century. In 1900 there was Wage discrimination against women in white-collar jobs, but not in blue-collar jobs. Wage discrimination persisted, and in 2002 the female-male Wage Ratio was less than the productivity Ratio.
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The Wages and Employment of Female Day-labourers in English Agriculture, 1740-1850
The Economic History Review, 2004Co-Authors: Joyce BurnetteAbstract:Using a new sample of farm accounts from 84 farms throughout England, this article provides measures of regional variation and changes over time in female Wages and employment in agriculture. Female Wages were not fixed, but changed over time and responded to high demand for female labour. The female-male Wage Ratio fell between 1750 and 1850, except in the industrial north west. In 1851 approximately 19 per cent of agricultural day-labourers were female. In the industrial north west, opportunities for factory employment reduced the supply of females to agriculture, but elsewhere the relative demand for female labour in agriculture declined.
Finis Welch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Growth in Women's Relative Wages and in Inequality among Men: One Phenomenon or Two?
American Economic Review, 2000Co-Authors: Finis WelchAbstract:Although increased Wage inequality among men during the past three decades has received more attention, the growth in women's Wages has been equally remarkable. In fact, by one measure of inequality, the ninth-decile/median Ratio, the proportional growth in inequality has moved in exact proportion with the female/male Wage Ratio. It is suggested that both result from expansion in the value of brains relative to brawn. There is no way of knowing the full story of growth in women's relative Wages, and it is important not to dismiss the import of changing career patterns. As is evident in the panel data, increasing labor market participation must be important. So, too, are the implications that follow the movement of women from the home to the job.
Raymond G. Batina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effects of social security in a life cycle family labor supply simulation model
Journal of Public Economics, 1991Co-Authors: Ben Craig, Raymond G. BatinaAbstract:Abstract We simulate a number of social security provisions in an overlapping geneRations model of family labor supply. The program causes both men and women to shift labor toward the beginning of the life cycle, increases the family's Ratio of retirement consumption to consumption when young, and lowers both Wage rates but does not substantially alter the male-female Wage Ratio. The wealth effects of the program appear to dominate the incentive effects. Our exhaustive sensitivity analysis reveals that our results are robust to changes in several key labor supply parameters, the intertemporal male and female own Wage elasticities, and the cross Wage elasticity.
Priya Brata Dutta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Skilled–unskilled Wage inequality and imitation in a product variety model: A theoretical analysis
The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 2013Co-Authors: Manash Ranjan Gupta, Priya Brata DuttaAbstract:The article develops a dynamic three-sector product variety model to analyze the role of imitation on skilled--unskilled Wage inequality. One of these sectors produces varieties of innovated products with skilled labor as well as unskilled labor and another sector produces varieties of imitated products with only unskilled labor. Also, there is an R&D sector developing blueprints of new products with skilled labor as the only input. However, imitation is costless. It is shown that an increase in skilled (unskilled) labor endowment raises (lowers) the rate of growth, raises (lowers) the skilled--unskilled Wage Ratio, and lowers (raises) the level of social welfare. However, an increase in the rate of imitation raises this growth rate, lowers the skilled--unskilled Wage Ratio, and raises the level of social welfare.
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Skilled–unskilled Wage inequality, product variety, public input and increasing returns: A static general equilibrium analysis
Economic Modelling, 2012Co-Authors: Manash Ranjan Gupta, Priya Brata DuttaAbstract:The paper develops a four sector small open economy model with two traded final good sectors, a public intermediate good producing sector and a nontraded good sector producing varieties of intermediate goods. There are three primary factors: capital, skilled labour and unskilled labour. Industrial sector producing a traded good uses capital, intermediate goods and skilled labour as inputs. Intermediate goods producing sector also uses capital and skilled labour. Public input producing sector and the agricultural sector producing the other traded good use capital and unskilled labour as inputs. It is shown that, if production technologies are the same for the agricultural sector and the public input producing sector and if the scale elasticity of output is very low, then an increase in capital stock (unskilled labour endowment) raises (lowers) the skilled–unskilled Wage Ratio. However, an increase in skilled labour endowment does not produce any unambiguous effect. On the other hand, an increase in the tax rate on industrial output and/or an increase in the price of the agricultural product, armed with the same set of assumptions, lowers the skilled–unskilled Wage Ratio.
