Waist Hip Ratio

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Eman A Nasralla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • obesity index that better predict metabolic syndrome body mass index Waist circumference Waist Hip Ratio or Waist height Ratio
    Journal of Obesity, 2013
    Co-Authors: Abdulbari Bener, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Sarah Darwish, Abdulla O A A Alhamaq, Eman A Nasralla
    Abstract:

    Aim. The aim was to compare body mass index (BMI), Waist circumference (WC), Waist Hip Ratio (WHR), and Waist height Ratio (WHtR) to identify the best predictor of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Qatari adult population. Methods. A cross-sectional survey from April 2011 to December 2012. Data was collected from 1552 participants followed by blood sampling. MetS was defined according to Third Adult Treatment Panel (ATPIII) and International Diabetes FedeRation (IDF). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed. Results. Among men, WC followed by WHR and WHtR yielded the highest area under the curve (AUC) (0.78; 95% CI 0.74–0.82 and 0.75; 95% CI 0.71–0.79, resp.). Among women, WC followed by WHtR yielded the highest AUC (0.81; 95% CI 0.78–0.85 & 0.79; 95% CI 0.76–0.83, resp.). Among men, WC at a cut-off 99.5 cm resulted in the highest Youden index with sensitivity 81.6% and 63.9% specificity. Among women, WC at a cut-off 91 cm resulted in the highest Youden index with the corresponding sensitivity and specificity of 86.5% and 64.7%, respectively. BMI had the lowest sensitivity and specificity in both genders. Conclusion. WC at cut-off 99.5 cm in men and 91 cm in women was the best predictor of MetS in Qatar.

Aaron R Folsom - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • interaction of Waist Hip Ratio and family history on the risk of hormone receptor defined breast cancer in a prospective study of postmenopausal women
    American Journal of Epidemiology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Thomas A Sellers, Jenny N Davis, James R Cerhan, Robert A Vierkant, Janet E Olson, Shane V Pankratz, John D Potter, Aaron R Folsom
    Abstract:

    The authors previously reported an interaction of Waist/Hip Ratio and family history on the risk of breast cancer in the Iowa Women's Health Study. Here they reexamine this association based on 9 additional years of follow-up, stratifying on tumor receptors for estrogen and progesterone. Data on risk factors and family history of breast cancer were ascertained in 1986. The occurrences of breast cancer and estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor were determined through the Iowa Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results' registry. Rate Ratios were elevated with increasing weight and body mass index and decreasing body mass index at age 18 years, but they did not vary by family history. There was no association with height, Waist circumference, or Waist/Hip Ratio. A linear trend of increasing risk with increasing Waist/Hip Ratio was observed among family history-positive women (p = 0.06) but not among family history-negative women (p = 0.87). This apparent interaction (p = 0.09) was examined by estrogen receptor or progesterone receptor status. When stratified on family history and estrogen receptor, no clear patterns were evident. In contrast, family history-positive women in the upper quintile of the Waist/Hip Ratio were at 2.2-fold greater risk of progesterone receptor-negative tumors compared with those in the lowest quintile (95% confidence interval: 0.9, 5.8). Thus, the previously reported interaction between family history and Waist/Hip Ratio is still (weakly) evident and appears to reflect risk for progesterone receptor-negative tumors.

  • associations of general and abdominal obesity with multiple health outcomes in older women the iowa women s health study
    JAMA Internal Medicine, 2000
    Co-Authors: Aaron R Folsom, Thomas A Sellers, Janet E Olson, Lawrence H Kushi, Kristin E Anderson, Pamela J Mink, Ching Ping Hong, Deann Lazovich, Ronald J Prineas
    Abstract:

    confidence interval, 1.1-1.4), compared with 0.91 (95% confidence interval, 0.8-1.0) for BMI and 1.1 (95% confidence interval, 1.0-1.3) for Waist circumference. The Waist-Hip Ratio was also associated positively with mortality from coronary heart disease, other cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and other causes. The Waist-Hip Ratio was associated less consistently than BMI or Waist circumference with cancer incidence. All anthropometric indexes were associated with incidence of diabetes and hypertension. For example, women simultaneously in the highest quintiles of BMI and Waist-Hip Ratio had a relative risk of diabetes of 29 (95% confidence interval, 18-46) vs women in the lowest combined quintiles. Conclusion: The Waist-Hip Ratio offers additional prognostic information beyond BMI and Waist circumference.

  • body mass index Waist Hip Ratio and coronary heart disease incidence in african americans and whites
    American Journal of Epidemiology, 1998
    Co-Authors: Aaron R Folsom, June Stevens, Pamela J Schreiner, Paul G Mcgovern
    Abstract:

    To study the relation of the amount and distribution of body fat with incident coronary heart disease in two ethnic groups, the authors analyzed prospective data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Among 14,040 participants aged 45-64 years and free of coronary disease at baseline in 1987-1989, we identified 398 events through 1994, an average of 6.2 years of follow-up. Among African-American women, the multivariable-adjusted relative risks of coronary heart disease across quartiles of body mass index were 1.0, 1.91. 1.54, and 2.15 (p for trend = 0.27), and those for Waist/Hip Ratio were 1.0, 2.07, 2.33, and 4.22 (p for trend = 0.02). Among African-American men, these respective relative risks were 1.0, 1.03, 0.83, and 1.20 (p for trend = 0.76) for body mass index and 1.0, 1.08, 1.87, and 1.68 (p for trend = 0.06) for Waist/Hip Ratio. Relative risks for whites were generally similar to those for African Americans. Relative risks were stronger for never smokers than for the overall cohort. Unlike some previous studies, our results suggest that Africa Americans, like whites, are not spared from the coronary heart disease risks accompanying obesity.

Kaytee Khaw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • body fat distribution and risk of coronary heart disease in men and women in the european prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition in norfolk cohort a population based prospective study
    Circulation, 2007
    Co-Authors: Dexter Canoy, Matthijs S Boekholdt, Nicholas J Wareham, Robert Luben, Ailsa A Welch, Sheila Bingham, Iain Buchan, Nicholas P J Day, Kaytee Khaw
    Abstract:

    Background— Body fat distribution has been cross-sectionally associated with atherosclerotic disease risk factors, but the prospective relation with coronary heart disease remains uncertain. Methods and Results— We examined the prospective relation between fat distribution indices and coronary heart disease among 24 508 men and women 45 to 79 years of age using proportional hazards regression. During a mean 9.1 years of follow-up, 1708 men and 892 women developed coronary heart disease. The risk for developing subsequent coronary heart disease increased continuously across the range of Waist-Hip Ratio. Hazard Ratios (95% CI) of the top versus bottom fifth of Waist-Hip Ratio were 1.55 (1.28 to 1.73) in men and 1.91 (1.44 to 2.54) in women after adjustment for body mass index and other coronary heart disease risk factors. Hazard Ratios increased with Waist circumference, but risk estimates for Waist circumference without Hip circumference adjustment were lower by 10% to 18%. After adjustment for Waist circu...

  • cigarette smoking and fat distribution in 21 828 british men and women a population based study
    Obesity Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: Dexter Canoy, Nicholas J Wareham, Robert Luben, Sheila Bingham, Ailsa Welch, Kaytee Khaw
    Abstract:

    Objective: To examine the relationsHip between cigarette smoking habits and fat distribution in a population-based cohort of men and women. Research Methods and Procedures: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 21, 828 men and women who were 45 to 79 years of age, residents in Norfolk, United Kingdom, and were recruited between 1993 and 1997. Cigarette smoking habits and other lifestyle factors were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. Anthropometric measures were obtained during a health examination. Results: Waist-Hip Ratio was highest among current smokers and least among never smokers after adjusting for age, BMI, alcohol intake, total energy intake, physical activity, and education. Higher Waist-Hip Ratio was directly associated with higher smoking pack-years in current and former smokers and inversely with duRation since quitting smoking in former smokers. Adjusting for age, BMI, and other covariates, current smokers had higher Waist circumference but lower Hip circumference compared with former or never smokers. Discussion: Cigarette smoking habits seem to influence fat distribution patterns. Although smokers have lower mean BMI compared with nonsmokers, they have a more metabolically adverse fat distribution profile, with higher central adiposity. The explanation for this association may help elucidate the mechanisms underlying the adverse health consequences of cigarette smoking and abdominal obesity.

Abdulbari Bener - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • obesity index that better predict metabolic syndrome body mass index Waist circumference Waist Hip Ratio or Waist height Ratio
    Journal of Obesity, 2013
    Co-Authors: Abdulbari Bener, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Sarah Darwish, Abdulla O A A Alhamaq, Eman A Nasralla
    Abstract:

    Aim. The aim was to compare body mass index (BMI), Waist circumference (WC), Waist Hip Ratio (WHR), and Waist height Ratio (WHtR) to identify the best predictor of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Qatari adult population. Methods. A cross-sectional survey from April 2011 to December 2012. Data was collected from 1552 participants followed by blood sampling. MetS was defined according to Third Adult Treatment Panel (ATPIII) and International Diabetes FedeRation (IDF). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed. Results. Among men, WC followed by WHR and WHtR yielded the highest area under the curve (AUC) (0.78; 95% CI 0.74–0.82 and 0.75; 95% CI 0.71–0.79, resp.). Among women, WC followed by WHtR yielded the highest AUC (0.81; 95% CI 0.78–0.85 & 0.79; 95% CI 0.76–0.83, resp.). Among men, WC at a cut-off 99.5 cm resulted in the highest Youden index with sensitivity 81.6% and 63.9% specificity. Among women, WC at a cut-off 91 cm resulted in the highest Youden index with the corresponding sensitivity and specificity of 86.5% and 64.7%, respectively. BMI had the lowest sensitivity and specificity in both genders. Conclusion. WC at cut-off 99.5 cm in men and 91 cm in women was the best predictor of MetS in Qatar.

J C Seidell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Waist circumference and Waist Hip Ratio in relation to all cause mortality cancer and sleep apnea
    European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2010
    Co-Authors: J C Seidell
    Abstract:

    Abdominal obesity assessed by Waist or Waist/Hip Ratio are both related to increased risk of all-cause mortality throughout the range of body mass index (BMI). The relative risks (RRs) seem to be relatively stronger in younger than in older adults and in those with relatively low BMI compared with those with high BMI. Absolute risks and risk differences are preferable measures of risk in a public health context but these are rarely presented. There is a great lack of studies in ethnic groups (groups of African and Asian descent particularly). Current cut-points as recommended by the World Health Organization seem appropriate, although it may be that BMI-specific and ethnic-specific Waist cut-points may be warranted. Waist alone could replace both Waist-Hip Ratio and BMI as a single risk factor for all-cause mortality. There is much less evidence for Waist to replace BMI for cancer risk mainly because of the relative lack of prospective cohort studies on Waist and cancer risk. Obesity is also a risk factor for sleep apnoea where neck circumference seems to give the strongest association, and Waist-Hip Ratio is a risk factor especially in severe obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. The Waist circumference and Waist-Hip Ratio seem to be better indicators of all-cause mortality than BMI.

  • a comparison of body mass index Waist Hip Ratio and Waist circumference as predictors of all cause mortality among the elderly the rotterdam study
    International Journal of Obesity, 2001
    Co-Authors: Tommy L S Visscher, J C Seidell, Anu Molarius, F Van Der Kuip, Albert Hofman, J C M Witteman
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE: To compare body mass index (BMI), WaistHip Ratio (WHR) and Waist circumference as predictors of all-cause mortality among the elderly. DESIGN: Population-based cohort study; mean follow-up was 5.4 y. SETTING: The Rotterdam Study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 6296 men and women; baseline age 55–102 y. MEASUREMENTS: Sex-specific all-cause mortality was compared between quintiles of BMI, WHR and Waist circumference and between predefined categories of BMI and Waist circumference, stratified for smoking category. RESULTS: High quintiles of Waist circumference, but not high quintiles of BMI and WHR were related to increased mortality among never smoking men, without reaching statistical significance. Only the highest category of BMI (BMI>30 kg/m2) among never smoking men was related to increased mortality, compared to normal BMI (hazard Ratio 2.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.3–5.3)). Waist circumference between 94 and 102 cm and Waist circumference 102 cm and larger were related to increased mortality, compared to normal Waist circumference (hazard Ratios 1.7 (95% confidence interval 1.1–2.8) and 1.6 (95% confidence interval 1.0–2.8), respectively). The proportion of mortality attributable to large Waist circumference among never smoking men was three-fold the proportion attributable to high BMI. Among never smoking women and ex- and current smokers, categories of large body fatness did not predict increased mortality. CONCLUSION: Among never smoking elderly men Waist circumference may have more potential for detecting overweight than the BMI.

  • Waist Hip Ratio is a poor predictor of changes in visceral fat
    The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1993
    Co-Authors: K Van Der Kooy, J C Seidell, R Leenen, P Deurenberg, A Droop, C J G Bakker
    Abstract:

    Magnetic resonance imaging was used to study the effect of weight loss on three fat depots: the visceral and subcutaneous abdominal depots and the subcutaneous depot at trochanter level. Changes in fat depots were compared with changes in circumference measures and the Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) in obese men (n = 38) and women (n = 40). Mean weight loss was (mean +/- SD) 12.9 +/- 3.5 kg (P < 0.001). The proportional reduction of fat was largest in the visceral depot (men 40%, women 33%). Less fat was lost subcutaneously, especially at trochanter level (men 29%, women 26%). WHR decreased significantly in both sexes (P < 0.001). Change in WHR was not significantly related to the absolute reduction in visceral fat. Total body-fat loss showed a stronger association with subcutaneous fat loss than with visceral fat loss. The findings suggest that fat distribution may change with weight loss, particularly by the loss of visceral fat, but changes in WHR are not appropriate for evaluating changes in this fat depot.

  • fat and female fecundity prospective study of effect of body fat distribution on conception rates
    BMJ, 1993
    Co-Authors: B M Zaadstra, J C Seidell, P A H Van Noord, E Te R Velde, J D F Habbema, B Vrieswijk, J Karbaat
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVES--To study the effect of body fat distribution in women of reproductive age on fecundity. DESIGN--Prospective cohort study of all women who had entered a donor insemination programme. SETTING--One fertility clinic serving a large part of the midwest of the Netherlands. SUBJECTS--Of 542 women attending the clinic for artificial insemination for the first time, 500 women were eligible for study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Probability of conception per cycle and number of insemination cycles before pregnancy or stopping treatment. RESULTS--A 0.1 unit increase in Waist-Hip Ratio led to a 30% decrease in probability of conception per cycle (hazard Ratio 0.706; 95% confidence interval 0.562 to 0.887) after adjustment for age, fatness, reasons for artificial insemination, cycle length and regularity, smoking, and parity. Increasing age was significantly related to lower fecundity (p < 0.05); very lean and obese women were less likely to conceive (p < 0.10) as were women with subfertile partners (p < 0.10). All other exposure variables were not significantly related to fecundity. CONCLUSIONS--Increasing Waist-Hip Ratio is negatively associated with the probability of conception per cycle, before and after adjustment for confounding factors. Body fat distribution in women of reproductive age seems to have more impact on fertility than age or obesity.