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Bernardo Baldisserotto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of ammonia and Water Hardness on the hormonal osmoregulatory and metabolic responses of the freshWater silver catfish rhamdia quelen
Aquatic Toxicology, 2014Co-Authors: Bernardo Baldisserotto, Luciano De Oliveira Garcia, Juan Antonio Martossitcha, Charlene Menezes, Cândida Toni, Ricardo Lourega Prati, Joseânia Salbego, Juan Miguel Mancera, Gonzalo MartinezrodriguezAbstract:Abstract The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of ammonia and Water Hardness on endocrine, osmoregulatory and metabolic parameters in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The specimens (60–120 g) were subjected to six treatments in triplicate, combining three levels of un-ionized ammonia (NH3) (0.020 ± 0.008 mg/L [1.17 ± 0.47 μM], 0.180 ± 0.020 mg/L [10.57 ± 1.17 μM] and 0.500 ± 0.007 mg/L [29.36 ± 0.41 μM]) and two levels of Water Hardness (normal: 25 mg CaCO3/L and high: 120 mg CaCO3/L), and sampled after two exposure times (1 and 5 days post-transfer). Plasma cortisol, metabolites, osmolality and ionic values were determined concomitantly with the mRNA expression levels of different adenohypophyseal hormones (growth hormone, GH; prolactin, PRL; and somatolactin, SL). Previously, full-length PRL and SL as well as β-actin cDNAs from R. quelen were cloned. Exposure to high NH3 levels enhanced plasma cortisol levels in fish held under normal Water Hardness conditions but not in those kept at the high Hardness value. The increase in Water Hardness did not alter plasma metabolites, whereas it modulated the osmolality and ion changes induced by high NH3 levels. However, this Hardness increase did not lead to the decreased GH expression that was observed 5 days after exposure to 0.18 mg/L NH3 in fish held at the normal Water Hardness level, whereas PRL expression was enhanced after one day of exposure under the increased Hardness conditions. Additionally, SL expression decreased in specimens exposed for 5 days to 0.18 mg/L NH3 and maintained at the high Water Hardness level. The results showed that increasing Water Hardness attenuated the hormonal parameters evaluated in R. quelen specimens exposed to high NH3 levels, although plasma metabolism do not appear to suffer major changes.
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nitrogenous and phosphorus excretions in juvenile silver catfish rhamdia quelen exposed to different Water Hardness humic acid and ph levels
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Jaqueline Ineu Golombieski, Cândida Toni, Gessi Koakoski, Alessandra Janaina Becker, Ana Paula Gottlieb Almeida, Isabela A Finamor, Maria A Pavanato, Tielle Moraes De Almeida, Bernardo BaldisserottoAbstract:This study examined ammonia, urea, creatinine, protein, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphorus (P) excretion at different Water Hardness, humic acid, or pH levels in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) juveniles. The fish were exposed to different levels of Water Hardness (4, 24, 50, or 100 mg L−1 CaCO3), humic acid (0, 2.5, or 5.0 mg L−1), or pH (5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, or 9.0) for 10 days. The overall measured nitrogen excretions were 88.1 % (244–423 μmol kg−1 h−1) for ammonia, 10.9 % (30–52 μmol kg−1 h−1) for creatinine, 0.02 % (0.05–0.08 μmol kg−1 h−1) for protein, 0.001 % (0.002–0.004 μmol kg−1 h−1) for urea, 0.5 % (0.64–3.6 μmol kg−1 h−1) for nitrite, and 0.5 % (0.0–6.9 μmol kg−1 h−1) for nitrate, and these proportions were not affected by Water Hardness or humic acid levels. The overall P excretion in R. quelen was 0.14–2.97 μmol kg−1 h−1. Ammonia excretion in R. quelen usually was significantly higher in the first 12 h after feeding, and no clear effect of Water Hardness, humic acid levels, and pH on this daily pattern of ammonia excretion could be observed. Water Hardness only affected the ammonia and P excretion of R. quelen juveniles in the initial and fifth days after transfer, respectively. The exposure of this species to humic acid increased ammonia excretion after 10 days of exposure but did not affect P excretion. An increase in pH decreased ammonia and increased creatinine excretion but did not change P excretion in R. quelen. Therefore, when there is any change on humic acid levels or pH in the culture of this species, nitrogenous compounds must be monitored because their excretion rates are variable. On the other hand, P excretion rates determined in the present study are applicable to a wide range of fish culture conditions.
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Low Water Hardness and pH affect growth and survival of silver catfish juveniles
Ciência Rural, 2011Co-Authors: Carlos Eduardo Copatti, Luciano De Oliveira Garcia, Daiani Kochhann, Mauro Alves Da Cunha, Alexssandro Geferson Becker, Bernardo BaldisserottoAbstract:The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of exposure to low Water Hardness (0, 25 and 50mg CaCO3L-1) into the 6.0-8.0 pH range to silver catfish juveniles (Rhamdia quelen) survival and growth after 32 days. Juveniles kept at zero Water Hardness presented higher mortality at pH 7.0 and 8.0 than those submitted to other treatments. Weight of juveniles exposed to pH 6.0 and zero Water Hardness was significantly higher than those kept at the same Water Hardness and other pH. Survival and growth of juveniles exposed to 25 and 50mg CaCO3 L-1 was not affected in the 6.0-8.0 pH range. Therefore, the best Water Hardness for silver catfish juveniles growth is 25-50mg CaCO3 L-1 and at low Water Hardness (next zero) pH must be reduced.
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growth and survival of rhamdia quelen siluriformes pimelodidae larvae exposed to different levels of Water Hardness
Aquaculture, 2003Co-Authors: Clarice Ramalho Townsend, Lenise Vargas Flores Da Silva, Bernardo BaldisserottoAbstract:Abstract The response to Water Hardness increase varies from species to species. The purpose of this study was to verify the survival and growth of larvae of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen , in Water with different levels of Water Hardness. Larvae (2.75 mg and 5.00±0.05 mm) were randomly allotted to experimental units (three replicates per treatment) and kept in 44-l boxes (400 larvae/box). Larvae were exposed to five Water Hardness values (30, 70, 150, 300, and 600 mg l −1 CaCO 3 ) at pH 8.25. Samples of larvae were collected on days 0, 7, 14, and 21, and the length, weight, and specific growth rate (SGR) were determined for each collection. Survival and biomass were calculated on day 21. Higher larvae growth, survival, and biomass were obtained at 30 and 70 mg l −1 CaCO 3 . Therefore, this is the recommended Hardness range for growth and survival of silver catfish larvae.
Gonzalo Martinezrodriguez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of ammonia and Water Hardness on the hormonal osmoregulatory and metabolic responses of the freshWater silver catfish rhamdia quelen
Aquatic Toxicology, 2014Co-Authors: Bernardo Baldisserotto, Luciano De Oliveira Garcia, Juan Antonio Martossitcha, Charlene Menezes, Cândida Toni, Ricardo Lourega Prati, Joseânia Salbego, Juan Miguel Mancera, Gonzalo MartinezrodriguezAbstract:Abstract The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of ammonia and Water Hardness on endocrine, osmoregulatory and metabolic parameters in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The specimens (60–120 g) were subjected to six treatments in triplicate, combining three levels of un-ionized ammonia (NH3) (0.020 ± 0.008 mg/L [1.17 ± 0.47 μM], 0.180 ± 0.020 mg/L [10.57 ± 1.17 μM] and 0.500 ± 0.007 mg/L [29.36 ± 0.41 μM]) and two levels of Water Hardness (normal: 25 mg CaCO3/L and high: 120 mg CaCO3/L), and sampled after two exposure times (1 and 5 days post-transfer). Plasma cortisol, metabolites, osmolality and ionic values were determined concomitantly with the mRNA expression levels of different adenohypophyseal hormones (growth hormone, GH; prolactin, PRL; and somatolactin, SL). Previously, full-length PRL and SL as well as β-actin cDNAs from R. quelen were cloned. Exposure to high NH3 levels enhanced plasma cortisol levels in fish held under normal Water Hardness conditions but not in those kept at the high Hardness value. The increase in Water Hardness did not alter plasma metabolites, whereas it modulated the osmolality and ion changes induced by high NH3 levels. However, this Hardness increase did not lead to the decreased GH expression that was observed 5 days after exposure to 0.18 mg/L NH3 in fish held at the normal Water Hardness level, whereas PRL expression was enhanced after one day of exposure under the increased Hardness conditions. Additionally, SL expression decreased in specimens exposed for 5 days to 0.18 mg/L NH3 and maintained at the high Water Hardness level. The results showed that increasing Water Hardness attenuated the hormonal parameters evaluated in R. quelen specimens exposed to high NH3 levels, although plasma metabolism do not appear to suffer major changes.
Juan Antonio Martossitcha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of ammonia and Water Hardness on the hormonal osmoregulatory and metabolic responses of the freshWater silver catfish rhamdia quelen
Aquatic Toxicology, 2014Co-Authors: Bernardo Baldisserotto, Luciano De Oliveira Garcia, Juan Antonio Martossitcha, Charlene Menezes, Cândida Toni, Ricardo Lourega Prati, Joseânia Salbego, Juan Miguel Mancera, Gonzalo MartinezrodriguezAbstract:Abstract The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of ammonia and Water Hardness on endocrine, osmoregulatory and metabolic parameters in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The specimens (60–120 g) were subjected to six treatments in triplicate, combining three levels of un-ionized ammonia (NH3) (0.020 ± 0.008 mg/L [1.17 ± 0.47 μM], 0.180 ± 0.020 mg/L [10.57 ± 1.17 μM] and 0.500 ± 0.007 mg/L [29.36 ± 0.41 μM]) and two levels of Water Hardness (normal: 25 mg CaCO3/L and high: 120 mg CaCO3/L), and sampled after two exposure times (1 and 5 days post-transfer). Plasma cortisol, metabolites, osmolality and ionic values were determined concomitantly with the mRNA expression levels of different adenohypophyseal hormones (growth hormone, GH; prolactin, PRL; and somatolactin, SL). Previously, full-length PRL and SL as well as β-actin cDNAs from R. quelen were cloned. Exposure to high NH3 levels enhanced plasma cortisol levels in fish held under normal Water Hardness conditions but not in those kept at the high Hardness value. The increase in Water Hardness did not alter plasma metabolites, whereas it modulated the osmolality and ion changes induced by high NH3 levels. However, this Hardness increase did not lead to the decreased GH expression that was observed 5 days after exposure to 0.18 mg/L NH3 in fish held at the normal Water Hardness level, whereas PRL expression was enhanced after one day of exposure under the increased Hardness conditions. Additionally, SL expression decreased in specimens exposed for 5 days to 0.18 mg/L NH3 and maintained at the high Water Hardness level. The results showed that increasing Water Hardness attenuated the hormonal parameters evaluated in R. quelen specimens exposed to high NH3 levels, although plasma metabolism do not appear to suffer major changes.
Cândida Toni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of ammonia and Water Hardness on the hormonal osmoregulatory and metabolic responses of the freshWater silver catfish rhamdia quelen
Aquatic Toxicology, 2014Co-Authors: Bernardo Baldisserotto, Luciano De Oliveira Garcia, Juan Antonio Martossitcha, Charlene Menezes, Cândida Toni, Ricardo Lourega Prati, Joseânia Salbego, Juan Miguel Mancera, Gonzalo MartinezrodriguezAbstract:Abstract The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of ammonia and Water Hardness on endocrine, osmoregulatory and metabolic parameters in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The specimens (60–120 g) were subjected to six treatments in triplicate, combining three levels of un-ionized ammonia (NH3) (0.020 ± 0.008 mg/L [1.17 ± 0.47 μM], 0.180 ± 0.020 mg/L [10.57 ± 1.17 μM] and 0.500 ± 0.007 mg/L [29.36 ± 0.41 μM]) and two levels of Water Hardness (normal: 25 mg CaCO3/L and high: 120 mg CaCO3/L), and sampled after two exposure times (1 and 5 days post-transfer). Plasma cortisol, metabolites, osmolality and ionic values were determined concomitantly with the mRNA expression levels of different adenohypophyseal hormones (growth hormone, GH; prolactin, PRL; and somatolactin, SL). Previously, full-length PRL and SL as well as β-actin cDNAs from R. quelen were cloned. Exposure to high NH3 levels enhanced plasma cortisol levels in fish held under normal Water Hardness conditions but not in those kept at the high Hardness value. The increase in Water Hardness did not alter plasma metabolites, whereas it modulated the osmolality and ion changes induced by high NH3 levels. However, this Hardness increase did not lead to the decreased GH expression that was observed 5 days after exposure to 0.18 mg/L NH3 in fish held at the normal Water Hardness level, whereas PRL expression was enhanced after one day of exposure under the increased Hardness conditions. Additionally, SL expression decreased in specimens exposed for 5 days to 0.18 mg/L NH3 and maintained at the high Water Hardness level. The results showed that increasing Water Hardness attenuated the hormonal parameters evaluated in R. quelen specimens exposed to high NH3 levels, although plasma metabolism do not appear to suffer major changes.
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nitrogenous and phosphorus excretions in juvenile silver catfish rhamdia quelen exposed to different Water Hardness humic acid and ph levels
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Jaqueline Ineu Golombieski, Cândida Toni, Gessi Koakoski, Alessandra Janaina Becker, Ana Paula Gottlieb Almeida, Isabela A Finamor, Maria A Pavanato, Tielle Moraes De Almeida, Bernardo BaldisserottoAbstract:This study examined ammonia, urea, creatinine, protein, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphorus (P) excretion at different Water Hardness, humic acid, or pH levels in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) juveniles. The fish were exposed to different levels of Water Hardness (4, 24, 50, or 100 mg L−1 CaCO3), humic acid (0, 2.5, or 5.0 mg L−1), or pH (5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, or 9.0) for 10 days. The overall measured nitrogen excretions were 88.1 % (244–423 μmol kg−1 h−1) for ammonia, 10.9 % (30–52 μmol kg−1 h−1) for creatinine, 0.02 % (0.05–0.08 μmol kg−1 h−1) for protein, 0.001 % (0.002–0.004 μmol kg−1 h−1) for urea, 0.5 % (0.64–3.6 μmol kg−1 h−1) for nitrite, and 0.5 % (0.0–6.9 μmol kg−1 h−1) for nitrate, and these proportions were not affected by Water Hardness or humic acid levels. The overall P excretion in R. quelen was 0.14–2.97 μmol kg−1 h−1. Ammonia excretion in R. quelen usually was significantly higher in the first 12 h after feeding, and no clear effect of Water Hardness, humic acid levels, and pH on this daily pattern of ammonia excretion could be observed. Water Hardness only affected the ammonia and P excretion of R. quelen juveniles in the initial and fifth days after transfer, respectively. The exposure of this species to humic acid increased ammonia excretion after 10 days of exposure but did not affect P excretion. An increase in pH decreased ammonia and increased creatinine excretion but did not change P excretion in R. quelen. Therefore, when there is any change on humic acid levels or pH in the culture of this species, nitrogenous compounds must be monitored because their excretion rates are variable. On the other hand, P excretion rates determined in the present study are applicable to a wide range of fish culture conditions.
Clarice Ramalho Townsend - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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growth and survival of rhamdia quelen siluriformes pimelodidae larvae exposed to different levels of Water Hardness
Aquaculture, 2003Co-Authors: Clarice Ramalho Townsend, Lenise Vargas Flores Da Silva, Bernardo BaldisserottoAbstract:Abstract The response to Water Hardness increase varies from species to species. The purpose of this study was to verify the survival and growth of larvae of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen , in Water with different levels of Water Hardness. Larvae (2.75 mg and 5.00±0.05 mm) were randomly allotted to experimental units (three replicates per treatment) and kept in 44-l boxes (400 larvae/box). Larvae were exposed to five Water Hardness values (30, 70, 150, 300, and 600 mg l −1 CaCO 3 ) at pH 8.25. Samples of larvae were collected on days 0, 7, 14, and 21, and the length, weight, and specific growth rate (SGR) were determined for each collection. Survival and biomass were calculated on day 21. Higher larvae growth, survival, and biomass were obtained at 30 and 70 mg l −1 CaCO 3 . Therefore, this is the recommended Hardness range for growth and survival of silver catfish larvae.
