The Experts below are selected from a list of 36078 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
R G Taylor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating Water transfers from agriculture for reducing critical habitat Water Shortages in the platte basin
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2007Co-Authors: Eric E Houk, Marshall Frasier, R G TaylorAbstract:Discrete sequential stochastic programming (DSSP) is coupled with the MODSIM basin-wide hydrologic model to estimate the foregone agricultural value associated with Water transfers aimed at reducing Water Shortages for threatened and endangered species habitat. The value of irrigation Water in agriculture is estimated for five agriculturally distinct regions of the Platte River Basin. Irrigation Water in the upper-most region of the basin, farthest from the critical habitat, was estimated to be of lowest value in agricultural production. Results indicate that even though Water transfers originating farther upstream result in less Water yielded at the habitat, they appear to be more cost effective.
Eric E Houk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating Water transfers from agriculture for reducing critical habitat Water Shortages in the platte basin
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2007Co-Authors: Eric E Houk, Marshall Frasier, R G TaylorAbstract:Discrete sequential stochastic programming (DSSP) is coupled with the MODSIM basin-wide hydrologic model to estimate the foregone agricultural value associated with Water transfers aimed at reducing Water Shortages for threatened and endangered species habitat. The value of irrigation Water in agriculture is estimated for five agriculturally distinct regions of the Platte River Basin. Irrigation Water in the upper-most region of the basin, farthest from the critical habitat, was estimated to be of lowest value in agricultural production. Results indicate that even though Water transfers originating farther upstream result in less Water yielded at the habitat, they appear to be more cost effective.
Yigit Saglam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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supply based dynamic ramsey pricing avoiding Water Shortages
Water Resources Research, 2015Co-Authors: Yigit SaglamAbstract:In many countries, current Water-pricing policies are dictated by the sole objective of financial breaking even. This results in large withdrawals, which are not sustainable in the long run, hence not optimal. In this paper, we derive the optimal dynamic pricing policy, which targets efficient distribution while breaking even through a rebate scheme. Using data from Turkey, we estimate the demand for Water by user groups. We carry out simulations to compare the effects of the current and optimal pricing policies on the frequency and severity of Shortages. We find that, under the policy of break-even prices, the supplier runs into a shortage every 8 years. In contrast, if the prices were to set optimally, Shortages would be practically nonexistent over the next century.
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welfare implications of Water Shortages higher prices or desalination
Social Science Research Network, 2013Co-Authors: Yigit SaglamAbstract:In this paper, I evaluate the welfare implications of Shortages in renewable resources, and investigate the effects of cross-subsidization on these Shortages. I set up a stochastic dynamic programming model in which a benevolent central planner allocates the resource for multiple user-groups subject to revenue and resource constraints. The central planner also has access to an external source which can be used at a certain cost. The solution to the model gives the “optimal” sectoral prices, and the demand for the external source. I find out that saving net revenues during resource scarcity allows the planner to charge prices below average costs when the resource is abundant. Using Water data, I conclude that cross-subsidizing agriculture does not have any significant effect on the frequency of Shortages.
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supply based dynamic ramsey pricing with two sectors avoiding Water Shortages
Research Papers in Economics, 2012Co-Authors: Yigit SaglamAbstract:In many countries current Water-pricing policies are dictated by the sole objective of breaking-even in each period. This results in large withdrawals which are not sustainable in the long-run hence not optimal. In this paper I derive the optimal dynamic Water resource management policy of a benevolent government which supplies Water to households and agriculture. I compare the efficiency implications of the current and the optimal pricing policies using simulations. I endogenize crop-choice decisions and estimate the changes in the crop composition with the generalized method of moments. Using data from Turkey I find that under the policy of break-even prices the average number of years before the government runs into the Water shortage when it cannot meet the sectoral demands is eight years. In contrast if the government were to choose Water prices optimally then Water Shortages would be practically nonexistent over the next century.
Marshall Frasier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating Water transfers from agriculture for reducing critical habitat Water Shortages in the platte basin
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2007Co-Authors: Eric E Houk, Marshall Frasier, R G TaylorAbstract:Discrete sequential stochastic programming (DSSP) is coupled with the MODSIM basin-wide hydrologic model to estimate the foregone agricultural value associated with Water transfers aimed at reducing Water Shortages for threatened and endangered species habitat. The value of irrigation Water in agriculture is estimated for five agriculturally distinct regions of the Platte River Basin. Irrigation Water in the upper-most region of the basin, farthest from the critical habitat, was estimated to be of lowest value in agricultural production. Results indicate that even though Water transfers originating farther upstream result in less Water yielded at the habitat, they appear to be more cost effective.
Jim W Hall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Drought and climate change impacts on cooling Water Shortages and electricity prices in Great Britain.
Nature communications, 2020Co-Authors: Edward Byers, Gemma Coxon, Jim Freer, Jim W HallAbstract:The risks of cooling Water Shortages to thermo-electric power plants are increasingly studied as an important climate risk to the energy sector. Whilst electricity transmission networks reduce the risks during disruptions, more costly plants must provide alternative supplies. Here, we investigate the electricity price impacts of cooling Water Shortages on Britain’s power supplies using a probabilistic spatial risk model of regional climate, hydrological droughts and cooling Water Shortages, coupled with an economic model of electricity supply, demand and prices. We find that on extreme days (p99), almost 50% (7GWe) of freshWater thermal capacity is unavailable. Annualized cumulative costs on electricity prices range from £29–66m.yr-1 GBP2018, whilst in 20% of cases from £66-95m.yr-1. With climate change, the median annualized impact exceeds £100m.yr-1. The single year impacts of a 1-in-25 year event exceed >£200m, indicating the additional investments justifiable to mitigate the 1st-order economic risks of cooling Water shortage during droughts. The impacts of power plant Water shortage during drought on electricity prices are understudied. Here the authors show that on extreme days, almost 50% (7 GWe) of the freshWater thermal capacity is unavailable in the Great Britain and annualized cumulative costs on electricity prices are in the range of £29-95m per year.
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risk based Water resources planning incorporating probabilistic nonstationary climate uncertainties
Water Resources Research, 2014Co-Authors: Edoardo Borgomeo, Jim W Hall, Fai Fung, Glenn Watts, Keith Colquhoun, Chris LambertAbstract:We present a risk-based approach for incorporating nonstationary probabilistic climate projections into long-term Water resources planning. The proposed methodology uses nonstationary synthetic time series of future climates obtained via a stochastic weather generator based on the UK Climate Projections (UKCP09) to construct a probability distribution of the frequency of Water Shortages in the future. The UKCP09 projections extend well beyond the range of current hydrological variability, providing the basis for testing the robustness of Water resources management plans to future climate-related uncertainties. The nonstationary nature of the projections combined with the stochastic simulation approach allows for extensive sampling of climatic variability conditioned on climate model outputs. The probability of exceeding planned frequencies of Water Shortages of varying severity (defined as Levels of Service for the Water supply utility company) is used as a risk metric for Water resources planning. Different sources of uncertainty, including demand-side uncertainties, are considered simultaneously and their impact on the risk metric is evaluated. Supply-side and demand-side management strategies can be compared based on how cost-effective they are at reducing risks to acceptable levels. A case study based on a Water supply system in London (UK) is presented to illustrate the methodology. Results indicate an increase in the probability of exceeding the planned Levels of Service across the planning horizon. Under a 1% per annum population growth scenario, the probability of exceeding the planned Levels of Service is as high as 0.5 by 2040. The case study also illustrates how a combination of supply and demand management options may be required to reduce the risk of Water Shortages.
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A Risk-Based Framework for Water Planning Under Non-Stationary Climate Change
Vulnerability Uncertainty and Risk, 2014Co-Authors: Edoardo Borgomeo, Jim W HallAbstract:This paper presents a risk-based methodology for Water planning under climate change. A risk-based methodology considers the probability and consequences of undesired outcomes in the future. In the context of Water resources, we think of undesired outcomes as Water Shortages of different levels of severity. The probability of exceeding a target frequency of Water Shortages of different severity is proposed as a risk metric for Water planning under climate change. A simulation framework for estimating this risk metric is presented and applied to a Water system in southern England to estimate the probability of Water Shortages of different levels of severity. Future climate conditions are represented using a stochastic weather generator conditioned on the United Kingdom Climate Projections (UKCP09). The flexibility of the framework allows for other non-climatic uncertainties to be considered simultaneously and their impacts on the risk metric to be evaluated.
