The Experts below are selected from a list of 267 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Lars W J Anderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a review of aquatic Weed Biology and management research conducted by the united states department of agriculture agricultural research service
    Pest Management Science, 2003
    Co-Authors: Lars W J Anderson
    Abstract:

    Ever-increasing demand for water to irrigate crops, support aquaculture, provide domestic water needs and to protect natural aquatic and riparian habitats has necessitated research to reduce impacts from a parallel increase in invasive aquatic Weeds. This paper reviews the past 4-5 years of research by USDA-ARS covering such areas as Weed Biology, ecology, physiology and management strategies, including herbicides, biological control and potential for use of natural products. Research approaches range from field-level studies to highly specific molecular and biochemical work, spanning several disciplines and encompassing the most problematic Weeds in these systems. This research has led to new insights into plant competition, host-specificity, and the fate of aquatic herbicides, their modes of action and effects on the environment. Another hallmark of USDA-ARS research has been its many collaborations with other federal, state action and regulatory agencies and private industry to develop new solutions to aquatic Weed problems that affect our public natural resources and commercial enterprises.

  • A review of aquatic Weed Biology and management research conducted by the United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service†‡
    Pest Management Science, 2003
    Co-Authors: Lars W J Anderson
    Abstract:

    Ever-increasing demand for water to irrigate crops, support aquaculture, provide domestic water needs and to protect natural aquatic and riparian habitats has necessitated research to reduce impacts from a parallel increase in invasive aquatic Weeds. This paper reviews the past 4-5 years of research by USDA-ARS covering such areas as Weed Biology, ecology, physiology and management strategies, including herbicides, biological control and potential for use of natural products. Research approaches range from field-level studies to highly specific molecular and biochemical work, spanning several disciplines and encompassing the most problematic Weeds in these systems. This research has led to new insights into plant competition, host-specificity, and the fate of aquatic herbicides, their modes of action and effects on the environment. Another hallmark of USDA-ARS research has been its many collaborations with other federal, state action and regulatory agencies and private industry to develop new solutions to aquatic Weed problems that affect our public natural resources and commercial enterprises.

Inga Haugen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Lewis H Ziska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Rising Carbon Dioxide and Weed Ecology
    Weed Biology and Management, 2020
    Co-Authors: Lewis H Ziska
    Abstract:

    Documented and projected changes in the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and other gases suggest potential changes in climate stability that could negatively impact human systems. This would include negative impacts on agricultural crops and associated Weeds. Worldwide crop production losses from Weeds are estimated at 12%, with a 25% loss in undeveloped agronomic systems (Parker and Fryer, 1975). Climatic outcomes regarding crops and Weed/crop interactions have been addressed in several seminal reviews (Patterson and Flint, 1980; Patterson, 1993, 1995 a, b; Bunce and Ziska, 2000). The current review acknowledges the importance of such climatic variables, but recognizes the uncertainty of future climatic change. At present there is greater consensus on the direct effect of CO2 on plant systems (Cure and Acock, 1986; Kimball, 1983, 1993); consequently, the principal focus of the current review is to integrate what is known regarding the direct effects of rising CO2 on Weed Biology.

  • understanding the nexus of rising co2 climate change and evolution in Weed Biology
    Invasive Plant Science and Management, 2019
    Co-Authors: Lewis H Ziska, Dana M Blumenthal, Steven J Franks
    Abstract:

    Rapid increases in herbicide resistance have highlighted the ability of Weeds to undergo genetic change within a short period of time. That change, in turn, has resulted in an increasing emphasis in Weed science on the evolutionary ecology and potential adaptation of Weeds to herbicide selection. Here we argue that a similar emphasis would also be invaluable for understanding another challenge that will profoundly alter Weed Biology: the rapid rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and the associated changes in climate. Our review of the literature suggests that elevated CO2 and climate change will impose strong selection pressures on Weeds and that Weeds will often have the capacity to respond with rapid adaptive evolution. Based on current data, climate change and rising CO2 levels are likely to alter the evolution of agronomic and invasive Weeds, with consequences for distribution, community composition, and herbicide efficacy. In addition, we identify four key areas that represent clear knowledge gaps in Weed evolution: (1) differential herbicide resistance in response to a rapidly changing CO2/climate confluence; (2) shifts in the efficacy of biological constraints (e.g., pathogens) and resultant selection shifts in affected Weed species; (3) climate-induced phenological shifts in Weed distribution, demography, and fitness relative to crop systems; and (4) understanding and characterization of epigenetics and the differential expression of phenotypic plasticity versus evolutionary adaptation. These consequences, in turn, should be of fundamental interest to the Weed science community.

  • The role of climate change and increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide on Weed management: Herbicide efficacy
    Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2016
    Co-Authors: Lewis H Ziska
    Abstract:

    Rising concentrations of carbon dioxide [CO2] and a changing climate will almost certainly affect Weed Biology and demographics with consequences for crop productivity. The extent of such consequences could be minimal if Weed management, particularly the widespread and effective use of herbicides, minimizes any future risk; but, such an outcome assumes that [CO2] or climate change will not affect herbicide efficacy per se. Is this a fair assumption? While additional data are greatly desired, there is sufficient information currently available to begin an initial assessment of both the physical and biological constraints likely to occur before, during and following herbicide application. The assessment provided here, while preliminary, reviews a number of physical and biological interactions that are likely, overall, to significantly reduce herbicide efficacy. These interactions can range from climatic extremes that influence spray coverage and field access to direct effects of [CO2] or temperature on plant biochemistry and morphology. Identification of these mechanisms will be essential to both understand and strengthen Weed management strategies associated with rising levels of [CO2] in the context of an uncertain and rapidly changing climate.

  • Weed Biology and climate change
    2011
    Co-Authors: Lewis H Ziska, Jeffrey S Dukes
    Abstract:

    Weed Biology and climate change , Weed Biology and climate change , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

A. Francis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 140. Hesperis matronalis L.
    Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2020
    Co-Authors: A. Francis, P. B. Cavers, Suzanne I. Warwick
    Abstract:

    The cruciferous Weed Hesperis matronalis, dame's rocket (Brassicaceae), is an introduced Eurasian garden plant that began to escape shortly after its introduction to North America in the 19th century. It has gradually become naturalized across Canada and the United States, and has become invasive. It is not a major Weed of crops, but is widespread in natural and conservation areas, particularly in thickets, open woodlands, forest margins and along streambanks, in parts of eastern and southern Ontario and western Quebec in Canada, and in New England and the midwest in the United States. In these habitats it can crowd out native vegetation and subsequently reduce biodiversity. Serving as an alternate host to a number of viruses, the species has the potential to infect cruciferous vegetable crops and garden plants. Despite its invasive potential, it continues to be sold at garden centres in both Canada and the United States. Key words: Hesperis matronalis, dame's-rocket, julienne des dames, Weed Biology, inv...

  • The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 140. Hesperis matronalis L.
    Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2009
    Co-Authors: A. Francis, P. B. Cavers, S. I. Warwick
    Abstract:

    The cruciferous Weed Hesperis matronalis, dame's rocket (Brassicaceae), is an introduced Eurasian garden plant that began to escape shortly after its introduction to North America in the 19th century. It has gradually become naturalized across Canada and the United States, and has become invasive. It is not a major Weed of crops, but is widespread in natural and conservation areas, particularly in thickets, open woodlands, forest margins and along streambanks, in parts of eastern and southern Ontario and western Quebec in Canada, and in New England and the midwest in the United States. In these habitats it can crowd out native vegetation and subsequently reduce biodiversity. Serving as an alternate host to a number of viruses, the species has the potential to infect cruciferous vegetable crops and garden plants. Despite its invasive potential, it continues to be sold at garden centres in both Canada and the United States. Key words: Hesperis matronalis, dame's-rocket, julienne des dames, Weed Biology, invasive alien, HEVMA

Frank Forcella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service research on pest Biology: Weeds.
    Pest Management Science, 2020
    Co-Authors: Frank Forcella
    Abstract:

    Over 125 permanent full-time scientists conduct research within the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) on issues related to Weeds. The research emphasis of most of these scientists involves ecology and management or biological control of Weeds. Many scientists perform research on Weed Biology as components of their primary projects on Weed control and integrated crop and soil management. Describing all ARS projects involved with Weed Biology is impossible, and consequently only research that falls within the following arbitrarily chosen topics is highlighted in this article: dormancy mechanisms; cell division; diversity of rangeland Weeds; soil resources and rangeland Weeds; poisonous rangeland plants; horticultural Weeds; Weed traits limiting chemical control; aquatic and semi-aquatic Weeds; Weed/transgenic wheat hybrids; seedbanks, seedling emergence and seedling populations; and Weed seed production. Within these topics, and others not highlighted, the desire of ARS is that good information on Weed Biology currently translates or eventually will translate into practical advice for those who must manage Weeds. Published in 2003 for SCI by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  • Agricultural Weed Research: A Critique and Two Proposals
    Weed Science, 2020
    Co-Authors: Sarah M. Ward, Jeffrey S Dukes, Frank Forcella, Roger D. Cousens, Muthukumar V. Bagavathiannan, Jacob N. Barney, Hugh J. Beckie, Roberto Busi, Adam S. Davis, Robert P. Freckleton
    Abstract:

    Abstract Two broad aims drive Weed science research: improved management and improved understanding of Weed Biology and ecology. In recent years, agricultural Weed research addressing these two aims has effectively split into separate subdisciplines despite repeated calls for greater integration. Although some excellent work is being done, agricultural Weed research has developed a very high level of repetitiveness, a preponderance of purely descriptive studies, and has failed to clearly articulate novel hypotheses linked to established bodies of ecological and evolutionary theory. In contrast, invasive plant research attracts a diverse cadre of nonWeed scientists using invasions to explore broader and more integrated biological questions grounded in theory. We propose that although studies focused on Weed management remain vitally important, agricultural Weed research would benefit from deeper theoretical justification, a broader vision, and increased collaboration across diverse disciplines. To initiate...