The Experts below are selected from a list of 84 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
José Aracil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optimization of a process for the synthesis of a sperm Whale Oil analogue
Chemical Engineering & Technology, 1997Co-Authors: L. Fernando Bautista, Mercedes Martínez, José AracilAbstract:The development and optimization of the synthesis of an analogue of sperm Whale Oil have been carried out. The product is an ester with characteristics similar to those of natural sperm Whale Oil. A central composite design was applied in the synthesis of this fine chemical. The variables selected for the present study are reaction temperature, initial concentration of catalyst and working pressure. Temperature is the most significant factor in the esterification process, and its influence is positive. Pressure influence can be neglected, and the catalyst concentration has a positive influence on the process. Depending on the temperature value, the influence of the interactions can be more important than that of the other two main effects, pressure and catalyst concentration. Response surface models have been found adequate to represent the yield of ester. The commercial quality of the synthesized product is very similar to that of natural spermaceti. Because of its low cost, this synthesis process is considered, from an economical point of view, very attractive.
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optimization of the synthesis of a sperm Whale Oil analogue
Industrial Crops and Products, 1995Co-Authors: D Garcia, T Garcia, A Coteron, M Marinez, José AracilAbstract:Abstract The development and optimization of the synthesis of an analogue of sperm Whale Oil have been carried out. The product is an ester with similar characteristics to those of natural Oils, and can be used as a substitute for these. A Factorial Design of Experiments and a Central Composite Design have been used in the synthesis of this fine chemical. The variables chosen were temperature and initial catalyst concentration. Response surface models have been found to represent the yield of ester.
D Garcia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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optimization of the synthesis of a sperm Whale Oil analogue
Industrial Crops and Products, 1995Co-Authors: D Garcia, T Garcia, A Coteron, M Marinez, José AracilAbstract:Abstract The development and optimization of the synthesis of an analogue of sperm Whale Oil have been carried out. The product is an ester with similar characteristics to those of natural Oils, and can be used as a substitute for these. A Factorial Design of Experiments and a Central Composite Design have been used in the synthesis of this fine chemical. The variables chosen were temperature and initial catalyst concentration. Response surface models have been found to represent the yield of ester.
L. Fernando Bautista - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optimization of a process for the synthesis of a sperm Whale Oil analogue
Chemical Engineering & Technology, 1997Co-Authors: L. Fernando Bautista, Mercedes Martínez, José AracilAbstract:The development and optimization of the synthesis of an analogue of sperm Whale Oil have been carried out. The product is an ester with characteristics similar to those of natural sperm Whale Oil. A central composite design was applied in the synthesis of this fine chemical. The variables selected for the present study are reaction temperature, initial concentration of catalyst and working pressure. Temperature is the most significant factor in the esterification process, and its influence is positive. Pressure influence can be neglected, and the catalyst concentration has a positive influence on the process. Depending on the temperature value, the influence of the interactions can be more important than that of the other two main effects, pressure and catalyst concentration. Response surface models have been found adequate to represent the yield of ester. The commercial quality of the synthesized product is very similar to that of natural spermaceti. Because of its low cost, this synthesis process is considered, from an economical point of view, very attractive.
Karlerik Eilertsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cold pressed minke Whale Oil reduces circulating ldl vldl cholesterol lipid oxidation and atherogenesis in apolipoprotein e deficient mice fed a western type diet for 13 weeks
Nutrition & Metabolism, 2018Co-Authors: Mari Walquist, Edel O. Elvevoll, Bjarne Østerud, Svein Kristian Stormo, Karlerik EilertsenAbstract:Long-chain n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n3-PUFA) are well known for their anti-inflammatory activity and their impact on cardiovascular disease. Cold-pressed Whale Oil (CWO) has half the amount of LC n3-PUFA compared to cod liver Oil (CLO). Still, there has been observed more pronounced beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease markers from intake of CWO compared to intake of CLO in human intervention studies. Extracts from CWO deprived of fatty acids have also been shown to display antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate whether intake of a high-fat Western-type diet (WD) supplemented with CWO would prevent the development of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice. Seventy female ApoE−/− mice were fed a WD containing 1% CWO, CLO or corn Oil (CO). Atherosclerotic lesion formation, body and tissue weights, hepatic gene expression together with serum levels of LDL/VLDL-cholesterol, ox-LDL, total antioxidant status and various serum cardiovascular disease/proinflammatory markers were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, and Shapiro-Wilk’s test was performed to determine the distribution of the variables. Statistical difference was assessed using One-Way ANOVA with Tukeys’ post hoc test or Kruskal-Wallis test. The hepatic relative gene expression was analysed with REST 2009 (V2.0.13). Mice fed CWO had less atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic arch compared to mice fed CO. Levels of LDL/VLDL-cholesterol and ox-LDL-cholesterol were also markedly reduced whereas total antioxidant levels were enhanced in mice fed CWO compared to CO-fed mice. In addition, CWO-fed mice gained less weight and several hepatic genes involved in the cholesterol metabolism were up-regulated compared to CO-fed mice. In the present study mice fed a WD supplemented with 1% CWO had reduced formation of atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic arch, reduced serum LDL/VLDL-cholesterol and ox-LDL-cholesterol, increased serum total antioxidant status and reduced body weight compared to mice fed a WD supplemented with 1% CO.
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antioxidant and anti inflammatory activities in extracts from minke Whale balaenoptera acutorostrata blubber
Mediators of Inflammation, 2017Co-Authors: Mari Walquist, Bjarne Østerud, Svein Kristian Stormo, Idajohanne Jensen, Karlerik EilertsenAbstract:Intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-n3-PUFA) is commonly recognized to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD). In previous studies, cold-pressed Whale Oil (CWO) and cod liver Oil (CLO) were given as a dietary supplement to healthy volunteers. Even though CWO contains less than half the amount of LC-n3-PUFA of CLO, CWO supplement resulted in beneficial effects on anti-inflammatory and CVD risk markers compared to CLO. In the present study, we prepared virtually lipid-free extracts from CWO and CLO and evaluated the antioxidative capacity (AOC) and anti-inflammatory effects. Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to test the AOC, and the results indicated high levels of antioxidants present in all extracts. The anti-inflammatory effects of the extracts were tested with lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated THP-1 cells, measuring its ability to reduce cytokine and chemokine secretion. Several CWO extracts displayed anti-inflammatory activity, and a butyl alcohol extract of CWO most effectively reduced TNF-α (50%, p < 0.05) and MCP-1 (85%, p < 0.001) secretion. This extract maintained a stable effect of reducing MCP-1 secretion (60%, p < 0.05) even after long-term storage. In conclusion, CWO has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that may act in addition to its well-known LC-n3-PUFA effects.
Bjarne Østerud - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cold pressed minke Whale Oil reduces circulating ldl vldl cholesterol lipid oxidation and atherogenesis in apolipoprotein e deficient mice fed a western type diet for 13 weeks
Nutrition & Metabolism, 2018Co-Authors: Mari Walquist, Edel O. Elvevoll, Bjarne Østerud, Svein Kristian Stormo, Karlerik EilertsenAbstract:Long-chain n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n3-PUFA) are well known for their anti-inflammatory activity and their impact on cardiovascular disease. Cold-pressed Whale Oil (CWO) has half the amount of LC n3-PUFA compared to cod liver Oil (CLO). Still, there has been observed more pronounced beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease markers from intake of CWO compared to intake of CLO in human intervention studies. Extracts from CWO deprived of fatty acids have also been shown to display antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate whether intake of a high-fat Western-type diet (WD) supplemented with CWO would prevent the development of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice. Seventy female ApoE−/− mice were fed a WD containing 1% CWO, CLO or corn Oil (CO). Atherosclerotic lesion formation, body and tissue weights, hepatic gene expression together with serum levels of LDL/VLDL-cholesterol, ox-LDL, total antioxidant status and various serum cardiovascular disease/proinflammatory markers were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, and Shapiro-Wilk’s test was performed to determine the distribution of the variables. Statistical difference was assessed using One-Way ANOVA with Tukeys’ post hoc test or Kruskal-Wallis test. The hepatic relative gene expression was analysed with REST 2009 (V2.0.13). Mice fed CWO had less atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic arch compared to mice fed CO. Levels of LDL/VLDL-cholesterol and ox-LDL-cholesterol were also markedly reduced whereas total antioxidant levels were enhanced in mice fed CWO compared to CO-fed mice. In addition, CWO-fed mice gained less weight and several hepatic genes involved in the cholesterol metabolism were up-regulated compared to CO-fed mice. In the present study mice fed a WD supplemented with 1% CWO had reduced formation of atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic arch, reduced serum LDL/VLDL-cholesterol and ox-LDL-cholesterol, increased serum total antioxidant status and reduced body weight compared to mice fed a WD supplemented with 1% CO.
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antioxidant and anti inflammatory activities in extracts from minke Whale balaenoptera acutorostrata blubber
Mediators of Inflammation, 2017Co-Authors: Mari Walquist, Bjarne Østerud, Svein Kristian Stormo, Idajohanne Jensen, Karlerik EilertsenAbstract:Intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-n3-PUFA) is commonly recognized to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD). In previous studies, cold-pressed Whale Oil (CWO) and cod liver Oil (CLO) were given as a dietary supplement to healthy volunteers. Even though CWO contains less than half the amount of LC-n3-PUFA of CLO, CWO supplement resulted in beneficial effects on anti-inflammatory and CVD risk markers compared to CLO. In the present study, we prepared virtually lipid-free extracts from CWO and CLO and evaluated the antioxidative capacity (AOC) and anti-inflammatory effects. Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to test the AOC, and the results indicated high levels of antioxidants present in all extracts. The anti-inflammatory effects of the extracts were tested with lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) treated THP-1 cells, measuring its ability to reduce cytokine and chemokine secretion. Several CWO extracts displayed anti-inflammatory activity, and a butyl alcohol extract of CWO most effectively reduced TNF-α (50%, p < 0.05) and MCP-1 (85%, p < 0.001) secretion. This extract maintained a stable effect of reducing MCP-1 secretion (60%, p < 0.05) even after long-term storage. In conclusion, CWO has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that may act in addition to its well-known LC-n3-PUFA effects.
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Effects of dietary marine Oils and olive Oil on fatty acid composition, platelet membrane fluidity, platelet responses, and serum lipids in healthy humans
Lipids, 1998Co-Authors: Eva Vognild, Edel O. Elvevoll, Harald Barstad, Jan Brox, Ragnar L. Olsen, Marit Aursand, Bjarne ØsterudAbstract:The influence of various dietary marine Oils and olive Oil on fatty acid composition of serum and platelets and effects on platelets and serum lipids were investigated as part of an extensive study of the effects of these Oils on parameters associated with cardiovascular/thrombotic diseases. Healthy volunteers (266) consumed 15 mL/d of cod liver Oil (CLO); Whale blubber Oil (refined or unrefined); mixtures of seal blubber Oil and CLO; or olive Oil/CLO for 12 wk. In the CLO, seal Oil/CLO, and Whale Oil groups, serum levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were increased. In platelets, EPA was increased in the CLO, seal/CLO, and olive Oil/CLO groups. The localization of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the triacylglycerols did not seem to influence their absorption. Intake of oleic acid is poorly reflected in serum and platelets. No significant differences in triacylglycerols (IG), total cholesterol, or high density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed, even though TG were reduced in the CLO, CLO/seal Oil, and Whale Oil groups. Mean platelet volume increased significantly in both Whale Oil groups and the CLO/olive Oil group. Platelet count was significantly reduced in the refined Whale Oil group only. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated blood tended to generate less thromboxane B_2 in CLO, CLO/seal, and CLO/olive groups. The Whale Oils tended to reduce in vivo release of β-thromboglobulin. In conclusion, intake of various marine Oils causes changes in platelet membranes that are favorably antithrombotic. The combination of CLO and olive Oil may produce better effects than these Oils given separately. The changes in platelet function are directly associated with alterations of fatty acid composition in platelet membranes.
