The Experts below are selected from a list of 1518 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Laura A. B. Wilson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    Royal Society open science, 2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals.

  • Matrix of raw landmark data analysed in this study. from Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals

  • R script 2. R code used to conduct disparity analyses. from Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals

  • R script 1. R code used to create Fig. 1 and Fig. S1. from Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals

  • Input.xlsx from Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals

Madlen Stange - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    Royal Society open science, 2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals.

  • Matrix of raw landmark data analysed in this study. from Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals

  • R script 2. R code used to conduct disparity analyses. from Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals

  • R script 1. R code used to create Fig. 1 and Fig. S1. from Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals

  • Input.xlsx from Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals

Ruyi Gao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • New evidence for the east-west spread of the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus between Central Asian and east Asian-Australasian flyways in China.
    Emerging microbes & infections, 2019
    Co-Authors: Weiyue Meng, Qiqi Yang, Bram Vrancken, Zhuo Chen, Dongping Liu, Lixia Chen, Xiang Zhao, Sarah François, Ruyi Gao
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTThe spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus is associated with Wild Fowl migration in East Asian-Australasian (EA) and Central Asian (CA) flyways. However, the spread of H5N1 virus between the two flyways is still unclear. Here, the movements of Wild waterFowl were obtained from satellite tracking data covering seven bar-headed geese and three great black-headed gulls breeding in the Qinghai Lake area (along the EA flyway), and 20 whooper swans wintering in the Sanmenxia Reservoir area (at the CA flyway). From the 2688 samples that were screened from Wild birds at Qinghai Lake after an outbreak of H5N1 in July 2015, four genomes of H5N1 virus were obtained from bar-headed geese. The results of phylogenetic analysis indicated that these H5N1 viruses belonged to clade 2.3.2.1c and their gene fragments were highly homologous with A/whooper swan/Henan/SMX1/2015 (H5N1) virus (ranging from 99.76% to 100.00%) isolated from a dead whooper swan from the Sanmenxia Reservoir area along ...

Yarong Wu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Avian influenza H5N1 viral and bird migration networks in Asia
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014
    Co-Authors: Huaiyu Tian, D. Jeremy Prosser, Thomas P. Van Boeckel, Scott H. Newman, Xiangming Xiao, Lu Dong, Sen Zhou, John Y Takekawa, Yarong Wu
    Abstract:

    The spatial spread of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 and its long-term persistence in Asia have resulted in avian influenza panzootics and enormous economic losses in the poultry sector. However, an understanding of the regional long-distance transmission and seasonal patterns of the virus is still lacking. In this study, we present a phylogeographic approach to reconstruct the viral migration network. We show that within each Wild Fowl migratory flyway, the timing of H5N1 outbreaks and viral migrations are closely associated, but little viral transmission was observed between the flyways. The bird migration network is shown to better reflect the observed viral gene sequence data than other networks and contributes to seasonal H5N1 epidemics in local regions and its large-scale transmission along flyways. These findings have potentially far-reaching consequences, improving our understanding of how bird migration drives the periodic reemergence of H5N1 in Asia.

Daniel Núñez-león - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    Royal Society open science, 2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals.

  • Matrix of raw landmark data analysed in this study. from Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals

  • R script 2. R code used to conduct disparity analyses. from Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals

  • R script 1. R code used to create Fig. 1 and Fig. S1. from Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals

  • Input.xlsx from Morphological variation under domestication: how variable are chickens?
    2018
    Co-Authors: Madlen Stange, Daniel Núñez-león, Marcelo R. Sánchez-villagra, Per Jensen, Laura A. B. Wilson
    Abstract:

    The process of domestication has long fascinated evolutionary biologists, yielding insights into the rapidity with which selection can alter behaviour and morphology. Previous studies on dogs, cattle and pigeons have demonstrated that domesticated forms show greater magnitudes of morphological variation than their Wild ancestors. Here, we quantify variation in skull morphology, modularity and integration in chickens and compare those to the Wild Fowl using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics. Similar to other domesticated species, chickens exhibit a greater magnitude of variation in shape compared with their ancestors. The most variable part of the chicken skull is the cranial vault, being formed by dermal and neural crest-derived bones, its form possibly related to brain shape variation in chickens, especially in crested breeds. Neural crest-derived portions of the skull exhibit a higher amount of variation. Further, we find that the chicken skull is strongly integrated, confirming previous studies in birds, in contrast to the presence of modularity and decreased integration in mammals