The Experts below are selected from a list of 2565 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Anne Luik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Winter Cover Crops impact on plant nutrients in an organic crop rotation
2020Co-Authors: Liina Talgre, Viacheslav Eremeev, Berit Tein, Helena Madsen, Anne LuikAbstract:In crop rotations Winter Cover Crops (WCC) can play a certain role in organic matter and plant nutrient formation. Under Nordic conditions the selection of Crops for Winter Cover Crops is quite limited. The aim of the present research was to explain the biomass and nutrients (N, P and K) formation by certain Winter Cover Crops in an organic crop rotation. The effects of WCC on the following main crop yields were monitored.
-
Impact of Winter Cover Crops on soil quality and weeds in organic cropping systems
2020Co-Authors: Liina Talgre, Viacheslav Eremeev, Helena Madsen, Maarika Alaru, Jaan Kuht, Elen Peetsmann, Anne LuikAbstract:Winter Cover Crops and their combination with composted cattle manure have shown significant influence on soil quality and weeds in five-field crop rotation (barley undersown with red clover – red clover – Winter wheat – pea – potato) of three organic cropping systems.
-
Green manures as Winter Cover Crops enhance soilimprovement and weed regulation in crop rotation
2020Co-Authors: Liina Talgre, Viacheslav Eremeev, Berit Tein, Endla Reintam, Diego Sanchez De Cima, Darja Matt, Anne LuikAbstract:The aim of this research was to explain the effect of different green manures as Winter Cover Crops and their combination with cattle manure on soil properties, weeds and crop yields in five-field crop rotation experiment of three different organic cropping systems.
-
Winter Cover Crops decrease weediness in organic cropping systems
2017Co-Authors: Helena Madsen, Liina Talgre, Vyacheslav Eremeev, Maarika Alaru, Erkki Mäeorg, Anne LuikAbstract:By inserting Cover Crops into organic cropping systems, the number and biomass of weeds decreased. Winter Cover Crops clearly have a suppressive effect on weeds by providing competition for light, water and space.
-
Winter Cover Crops improve soil properties in organic cropping systems.
2017Co-Authors: Liina Talgre, Viacheslav Eremeev, Helena Madsen, Maarika Alaru, Endla Reintam, Greete Kahu, Evelin Loit, Anne LuikAbstract:An introduction of Winter Cover Crops (wcc) into the crop rotation had a positive impact on soil quality in organic cropping systems. Wcc alone and in combination with composted manure enriched soil with organic matter, activated soil life (increased number of earthworms and higher soil microbial activity - FDA), increased soil pH value, and supported nutrient cycling and soil formation.
Timothy J Griffis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
evaluating the potential use of Winter Cover Crops in corn soybean systems for sustainable co production of food and fuel
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2009Co-Authors: John M Baker, Timothy J GriffisAbstract:Abstract Climate change and economic concerns have motivated intense interest in the development of renewable energy sources, including fuels derived from plant biomass. However, the specter of massive biofuel production has raised other worries, specifically that by displacing food production it will lead to higher food prices, increased incidence of famine, and acceleration of undesirable land use change. One proposed solution is to increase the annual net primary productivity of the existing agricultural land base, so that it can sustainably produce both food and biofuel feedstocks. This might be possible in corn and soybean production regions through the use of Winter Cover Crops, but the biophysical feasibility of this has not been systematically explored. We developed a model for this purpose that simulates the potential biomass production and water use of Winter rye in continuous corn and corn–soybean rotations. The input data requirements represent an attempt to balance the demands of a physically and physiologically defensible simulation with the need for broad applicability in space and time. The necessary meteorological data are obtainable from standard agricultural weather stations, and the required management data are simply planting dates and harvest dates for corn and soybeans. Physiological parameters for rye were taken from the literature, supplemented by experimental data specifically collected for this project. The model was run for a number of growing seasons for 8 locations across the Midwestern USA. Results indicate potential rye biomass production of 1–8 Mg ha−1, with the lowest yields at the more northern sites, where both PAR and degree-days are limited in the interval between fall corn harvest and spring corn or soybean planting. At all sites rye yields are substantially greater when the following crop is soybean rather than corn, since soybean is planted later. Not surprisingly, soil moisture depletion is most likely in years and sites where rye biomass production is greatest. Consistent production of both food and biomass from corn/Winter rye/soybean systems will probably require irrigation in many areas and additional N fertilizer, creating possible environmental concerns. Rye growth limitations in the northern portion of the corn belt may be partially mitigated with aerial seeding of rye into standing corn.
John M Baker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
evaluating the potential use of Winter Cover Crops in corn soybean systems for sustainable co production of food and fuel
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2009Co-Authors: John M Baker, Timothy J GriffisAbstract:Abstract Climate change and economic concerns have motivated intense interest in the development of renewable energy sources, including fuels derived from plant biomass. However, the specter of massive biofuel production has raised other worries, specifically that by displacing food production it will lead to higher food prices, increased incidence of famine, and acceleration of undesirable land use change. One proposed solution is to increase the annual net primary productivity of the existing agricultural land base, so that it can sustainably produce both food and biofuel feedstocks. This might be possible in corn and soybean production regions through the use of Winter Cover Crops, but the biophysical feasibility of this has not been systematically explored. We developed a model for this purpose that simulates the potential biomass production and water use of Winter rye in continuous corn and corn–soybean rotations. The input data requirements represent an attempt to balance the demands of a physically and physiologically defensible simulation with the need for broad applicability in space and time. The necessary meteorological data are obtainable from standard agricultural weather stations, and the required management data are simply planting dates and harvest dates for corn and soybeans. Physiological parameters for rye were taken from the literature, supplemented by experimental data specifically collected for this project. The model was run for a number of growing seasons for 8 locations across the Midwestern USA. Results indicate potential rye biomass production of 1–8 Mg ha−1, with the lowest yields at the more northern sites, where both PAR and degree-days are limited in the interval between fall corn harvest and spring corn or soybean planting. At all sites rye yields are substantially greater when the following crop is soybean rather than corn, since soybean is planted later. Not surprisingly, soil moisture depletion is most likely in years and sites where rye biomass production is greatest. Consistent production of both food and biomass from corn/Winter rye/soybean systems will probably require irrigation in many areas and additional N fertilizer, creating possible environmental concerns. Rye growth limitations in the northern portion of the corn belt may be partially mitigated with aerial seeding of rye into standing corn.
Liina Talgre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Winter Cover Crops impact on plant nutrients in an organic crop rotation
2020Co-Authors: Liina Talgre, Viacheslav Eremeev, Berit Tein, Helena Madsen, Anne LuikAbstract:In crop rotations Winter Cover Crops (WCC) can play a certain role in organic matter and plant nutrient formation. Under Nordic conditions the selection of Crops for Winter Cover Crops is quite limited. The aim of the present research was to explain the biomass and nutrients (N, P and K) formation by certain Winter Cover Crops in an organic crop rotation. The effects of WCC on the following main crop yields were monitored.
-
Impact of Winter Cover Crops on soil quality and weeds in organic cropping systems
2020Co-Authors: Liina Talgre, Viacheslav Eremeev, Helena Madsen, Maarika Alaru, Jaan Kuht, Elen Peetsmann, Anne LuikAbstract:Winter Cover Crops and their combination with composted cattle manure have shown significant influence on soil quality and weeds in five-field crop rotation (barley undersown with red clover – red clover – Winter wheat – pea – potato) of three organic cropping systems.
-
Green manures as Winter Cover Crops enhance soilimprovement and weed regulation in crop rotation
2020Co-Authors: Liina Talgre, Viacheslav Eremeev, Berit Tein, Endla Reintam, Diego Sanchez De Cima, Darja Matt, Anne LuikAbstract:The aim of this research was to explain the effect of different green manures as Winter Cover Crops and their combination with cattle manure on soil properties, weeds and crop yields in five-field crop rotation experiment of three different organic cropping systems.
-
Winter Cover Crops decrease weediness in organic cropping systems
2017Co-Authors: Helena Madsen, Liina Talgre, Vyacheslav Eremeev, Maarika Alaru, Erkki Mäeorg, Anne LuikAbstract:By inserting Cover Crops into organic cropping systems, the number and biomass of weeds decreased. Winter Cover Crops clearly have a suppressive effect on weeds by providing competition for light, water and space.
-
Winter Cover Crops improve soil properties in organic cropping systems.
2017Co-Authors: Liina Talgre, Viacheslav Eremeev, Helena Madsen, Maarika Alaru, Endla Reintam, Greete Kahu, Evelin Loit, Anne LuikAbstract:An introduction of Winter Cover Crops (wcc) into the crop rotation had a positive impact on soil quality in organic cropping systems. Wcc alone and in combination with composted manure enriched soil with organic matter, activated soil life (increased number of earthworms and higher soil microbial activity - FDA), increased soil pH value, and supported nutrient cycling and soil formation.
Miguel Quemada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
nitrogen use efficiency and fertiliser fate in a long term experiment with Winter Cover Crops
European Journal of Agronomy, 2016Co-Authors: Jose Luis Gabriel, Irene Garciagonzalez, Chiquinquira Hontoria, Maria Alonsoayuso, Miguel QuemadaAbstract:Abstract The use of Winter Cover Crops enhances environmental benefits and, if properly managed, may supply economic and agronomic advantages. Nitrogen retained in the Cover crop biomass left over the soil reduces soil N availability, which might enhance the N fertiliser use efficiency of the subsequent cash crop and the risk of depressive yield and pre-emptive competition. The main goal of this study was to determine the Cover crop effect on crop yield, N use efficiency and fertiliser reCovery in a 2-year study included in a long-term (10 years) maize/Cover crop production system. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and vetch (Vicia sativa L.), as Cover Crops, were compared with a fallow treatment during the maize intercropping period. All treatments were cropped following the same procedure, including 130 kg N ha−1 with 15N fertiliser. The N rate was reduced from the recommended N rate based on previous results, to enhance the Cover crop effect. Crop yield and N uptake, soil N mineral and 15N fertiliser reCovered in plants and the soil were determined at different times. The Cover Crops behaved differently: the barley Covered the ground faster, while the vetch attained a larger Coverage and N content before being killed. Maize yield and biomass were not affected by the treatments. Maize N uptake was larger after vetch than after barley, while fallow treatment provided intermediate results. This result can be ascribed to N mineralization of vetch residues, which results in an increased N use efficiency of maize. All treatments showed low soil N availability after the maize harvest; however, barley also reduced the N in the upper layers before maize planting, increasing the risk of pre-emptive competition. In addition to the year-long effect of residue decomposition, there was a cumulative effect on the soil’s capacity to supply N after 7 years of Cover cropping, larger for the vetch than for the barley.
-
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal activity responses to Winter Cover Crops in a sunflower and maize cropping system
Applied Soil Ecology, 2016Co-Authors: Irene Garciagonzalez, Miguel Quemada, Jose Luis Gabriel, Chiquinquira HontoriaAbstract:Abstract The symbiosis between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) benefits the health, nutrition and abiotic stress tolerance of the host plant. The maintenance of potential AMF inoculum in the Winter is important because it will affect the colonization process in the subsequent crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Winter Cover Crops (CC) on AMF parameters (root colonization, length of hyphae and number of AMF spores), other variables indirectly related to AMF (the easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein (EE-GRSP) and the enzymatic activity of β-glucosaminidase), along with water-stable aggregates (WSA) as a soil quality indicator. In addition, the effect of two sampling dates on the variables in maize and the relationships among all of the variables were studied. The samples were obtained from a field experiment established in 2006 located in Aranjuez (Central Spain) under a Mediterranean semiarid climate. The treatments were Winter Cover Crops of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) or vetch (Vicia villosa L.) and fallow as a control. The study Covered two seasons in 2011–12 and 2012–13 with sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) as the main crop, respectively, with both sown in the spring. The main Crops were irrigated according to the crop demand. Compared with the bare fallow conditions, Cover Crops improved most of the variables, maintaining the benefits of CC on AMF under the semiarid conditions of the Mediterranean climate. Barley as a Cover crop gave the best results, whereas the performance of vetch was poorer. In sunflower, barley increased by 80% the hyphae length and β-glucosaminidase activity and by 30% other variables compared with the fallow; whereas in maize, 60–70% increments were found in AMF spores and the hyphae length and 2-fold in the enzyme activity. The sampling date affected all of the variables analyzed in the maize crop, except for the EE-GRSP and the WSA. Positive relationships were found between the variables directly related to AMF, EE-GRSP content and β-glucosaminidase activity. This suggests that the variables indirectly related to AMF, mainly the EE-GRSP, could be used as indicators of AMF. Finally, the enhancement of soil aggregate stability by the CC via AMF promotion was corroborated.
