Wood Pulp

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Bahram Moshfegh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a scandinavian chemical Wood Pulp mill part 2 international and model mills comparison
    Applied Energy, 2007
    Co-Authors: Sofia Klugman, Magnus Karlsson, Bahram Moshfegh
    Abstract:

    The energy use at a Swedish chemical Wood-Pulp mill is compared internationally and for two model mills that aim to use the most efficient available technology. The international comparison is performed between Canadian and Scandinavian Pulp-mills on a general level, and on a closer level among eleven Swedish and Finnish non-integrated sulfate Pulp-mills, the type of mill considered in the case study. The two model mills that are used for comparison are one Swedish and one Canadian. The Scandinavian Pulp-mills are somewhat more energy efficient than the Canadian mills. Still, the variation in energy use is remarkably large among the Scandinavian mills, which indicates that the energy-saving potential is great. If all Swedish freestanding sulfate Pulp-mills became as energy efficient as the most efficient Scandinavian mill, electricity savings corresponding to nearly 1% of the national electricity use would be obtained. In the model mills comparison it was found that large amounts of heat could be saved, particularly in the evaporation plant.

  • a scandinavian chemical Wood Pulp mill part 1 energy audit aiming at efficiency measures
    Applied Energy, 2007
    Co-Authors: Sofia Klugman, Magnus Karlsson, Bahram Moshfegh
    Abstract:

    A Swedish Wood-Pulp mill is surveyed in terms of energy supply and use in order to determine the energy-saving potential. Conservation measures are of increasing interest to Swedish industry, as energy prices have continued to rise in recent years. The electricity price particularly increased after the deregulation of the Scandinavian electricity market in 1996. The deregulation expanded to all of the EU in July 2004, which may increase the Swedish electricity price further until it reaches the generally higher European price level. Furthermore, oil prices have increased and the emissions trading scheme for CO2 adds to the incentive to reduce oil consumption. The energy system at the surveyed Pulp mill is described in terms of electricity and process heat production and use. The total energy-saving potential is estimated and some saving points are identified. The heat that today is wasted at the mill has been surveyed in order to find potential for heat integration or heat export. The result shows that the mill probably could become self-sufficient in electricity. Particularly important in that endeavour is updating old pumps.

Sofia Klugman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a scandinavian chemical Wood Pulp mill part 2 international and model mills comparison
    Applied Energy, 2007
    Co-Authors: Sofia Klugman, Magnus Karlsson, Bahram Moshfegh
    Abstract:

    The energy use at a Swedish chemical Wood-Pulp mill is compared internationally and for two model mills that aim to use the most efficient available technology. The international comparison is performed between Canadian and Scandinavian Pulp-mills on a general level, and on a closer level among eleven Swedish and Finnish non-integrated sulfate Pulp-mills, the type of mill considered in the case study. The two model mills that are used for comparison are one Swedish and one Canadian. The Scandinavian Pulp-mills are somewhat more energy efficient than the Canadian mills. Still, the variation in energy use is remarkably large among the Scandinavian mills, which indicates that the energy-saving potential is great. If all Swedish freestanding sulfate Pulp-mills became as energy efficient as the most efficient Scandinavian mill, electricity savings corresponding to nearly 1% of the national electricity use would be obtained. In the model mills comparison it was found that large amounts of heat could be saved, particularly in the evaporation plant.

  • a scandinavian chemical Wood Pulp mill part 1 energy audit aiming at efficiency measures
    Applied Energy, 2007
    Co-Authors: Sofia Klugman, Magnus Karlsson, Bahram Moshfegh
    Abstract:

    A Swedish Wood-Pulp mill is surveyed in terms of energy supply and use in order to determine the energy-saving potential. Conservation measures are of increasing interest to Swedish industry, as energy prices have continued to rise in recent years. The electricity price particularly increased after the deregulation of the Scandinavian electricity market in 1996. The deregulation expanded to all of the EU in July 2004, which may increase the Swedish electricity price further until it reaches the generally higher European price level. Furthermore, oil prices have increased and the emissions trading scheme for CO2 adds to the incentive to reduce oil consumption. The energy system at the surveyed Pulp mill is described in terms of electricity and process heat production and use. The total energy-saving potential is estimated and some saving points are identified. The heat that today is wasted at the mill has been surveyed in order to find potential for heat integration or heat export. The result shows that the mill probably could become self-sufficient in electricity. Particularly important in that endeavour is updating old pumps.

Magnus Karlsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a scandinavian chemical Wood Pulp mill part 2 international and model mills comparison
    Applied Energy, 2007
    Co-Authors: Sofia Klugman, Magnus Karlsson, Bahram Moshfegh
    Abstract:

    The energy use at a Swedish chemical Wood-Pulp mill is compared internationally and for two model mills that aim to use the most efficient available technology. The international comparison is performed between Canadian and Scandinavian Pulp-mills on a general level, and on a closer level among eleven Swedish and Finnish non-integrated sulfate Pulp-mills, the type of mill considered in the case study. The two model mills that are used for comparison are one Swedish and one Canadian. The Scandinavian Pulp-mills are somewhat more energy efficient than the Canadian mills. Still, the variation in energy use is remarkably large among the Scandinavian mills, which indicates that the energy-saving potential is great. If all Swedish freestanding sulfate Pulp-mills became as energy efficient as the most efficient Scandinavian mill, electricity savings corresponding to nearly 1% of the national electricity use would be obtained. In the model mills comparison it was found that large amounts of heat could be saved, particularly in the evaporation plant.

  • a scandinavian chemical Wood Pulp mill part 1 energy audit aiming at efficiency measures
    Applied Energy, 2007
    Co-Authors: Sofia Klugman, Magnus Karlsson, Bahram Moshfegh
    Abstract:

    A Swedish Wood-Pulp mill is surveyed in terms of energy supply and use in order to determine the energy-saving potential. Conservation measures are of increasing interest to Swedish industry, as energy prices have continued to rise in recent years. The electricity price particularly increased after the deregulation of the Scandinavian electricity market in 1996. The deregulation expanded to all of the EU in July 2004, which may increase the Swedish electricity price further until it reaches the generally higher European price level. Furthermore, oil prices have increased and the emissions trading scheme for CO2 adds to the incentive to reduce oil consumption. The energy system at the surveyed Pulp mill is described in terms of electricity and process heat production and use. The total energy-saving potential is estimated and some saving points are identified. The heat that today is wasted at the mill has been surveyed in order to find potential for heat integration or heat export. The result shows that the mill probably could become self-sufficient in electricity. Particularly important in that endeavour is updating old pumps.

Liping Fang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Evaluating the effectiveness of using ClO2 bleaching as substitution of traditional Cl2 on PCDD/F reduction in a non-Wood Pulp and paper mill using reeds as raw materials
    'Elsevier BV', 2018
    Co-Authors: Liping Fang, Linyan Huang, Yuyang Zhao
    Abstract:

    The effectiveness of ClO2 bleaching as a replacement for conventional Cl2 bleaching, which is intensively practiced in developing countries, to reduce polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in non-Wood Pulp and paper mills has not been field tested. The first field study was performed to investigate PCDD/F variations when ClO2 bleaching was used as a substitute for conventional Cl2 bleaching in a non-Wood Pulp and paper mill. It was found that the PCDD/F toxic equivalents (TEQs) in solid and effluent samples were approximately 1.3–14.9 times lower when ClO2 bleaching was used instead of the conventional Cl2 bleaching. 2,3,7,8-Substituted tetrachlorinated dibenzofurans (2,3,7,8-TCDF) were the dominant contributors to total PCDD/F TEQs in samples from the investigated mill when using conventional Cl2 bleaching. The formation amounts of 2,3,7,8-TCDF were reduced from 1.56–2.76 pg TEQ/g to 0.02–0.32 pg TEQ/g in solid samples when ClO2 bleaching was used instead of the conventional Cl2 bleaching. The replacement of Cl2 with ClO2 might decrease the chlorination reactions of dibenzofuran as potential precursors, and thus reduce the formation amounts of 2,3,7,8-TCDF. The results could provide important knowledge for suggesting the best available technique for PCDD/F reduction for non-Wood Pulp and paper mills in developing countries. Keywords: PCDD/Fs, Pulp and paper mill, ClO2 bleaching, Cl2 bleaching, Persistent organic pollutant

  • evaluating the effectiveness of using clo2 bleaching as substitution of traditional cl2 on pcdd f reduction in a non Wood Pulp and paper mill using reeds as raw materials
    Green Energy & Environment, 2017
    Co-Authors: Liping Fang, Linyan Huang, Yuyang Zhao
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effectiveness of ClO 2 bleaching as a replacement for conventional Cl 2 bleaching, which is intensively practiced in developing countries, to reduce polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in non-Wood Pulp and paper mills has not been field tested. The first field study was performed to investigate PCDD/F variations when ClO 2 bleaching was used as a substitute for conventional Cl 2 bleaching in a non-Wood Pulp and paper mill. It was found that the PCDD/F toxic equivalents (TEQs) in solid and effluent samples were approximately 1.3–14.9 times lower when ClO 2 bleaching was used instead of the conventional Cl 2 bleaching. 2,3,7,8-Substituted tetrachlorinated dibenzofurans (2,3,7,8-TCDF) were the dominant contributors to total PCDD/F TEQs in samples from the investigated mill when using conventional Cl 2 bleaching. The formation amounts of 2,3,7,8-TCDF were reduced from 1.56 – 2.76 pg TEQ/g to 0.02–0.32 pg TEQ/g in solid samples when ClO 2 bleaching was used instead of the conventional Cl 2 bleaching. The replacement of Cl 2 with ClO 2 might decrease the chlorination reactions of dibenzofuran as potential precursors, and thus reduce the formation amounts of 2,3,7,8-TCDF. The results could provide important knowledge for suggesting the best available technique for PCDD/F reduction for non-Wood Pulp and paper mills in developing countries.

  • unexpected promotion of pcdd f formation by enzyme aided cl2 bleaching in non Wood Pulp and paper mill
    Chemosphere, 2017
    Co-Authors: Liping Fang, Yuyang Zhao, Minghui Zheng, Linyan Huang
    Abstract:

    Abstract Enzyme-aided Cl 2 bleaching is widely considered as promising replacements for conventional Cl 2 bleaching in Wood Pulp and paper mills. However, the effects of using enzyme-aided bleaching on the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in the non-Wood Pulp and paper mills are unclear. A field study was performed to investigate PCDD/F formation when enzyme-aided Cl 2 bleaching was used to replace conventional Cl 2 bleaching in non-Wood Pulp and paper mills. Unexpectedly, the PCDD/F toxic equivalents (TEQs) in solid samples were higher when using enzyme-aided bleaching (0.49–5.4 pg TEQ/g) than that using conventional Cl 2 bleaching (0.15–2.44 pg TEQ/g). Large amounts of octachlorodibenzo- p -dioxin were formed during the enzyme-aided bleaching process. This could have been because enzyme strongly promoted the release of organic molecules bound to lignin and thus accelerated the formation of octachlorodibenzo- p -dioxin through organic molecular precursors. Although enzyme-aided Cl 2 bleaching was previously considered to be efficient for reducing PCDD/F releases and to be the best available technologies and best environmental practices for Wood Pulp and paper mills, the results obtained in this study suggested the necessity and urgency to evaluate the suitability of enzyme-aided Cl 2 bleaching for non-Wood Pulp and paper mills that intensively practiced in developing countries.

Dana Van Fossen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • nanocellulose from recycled indigo dyed denim fabric and its application in composite films
    Carbohydrate Polymers, 2020
    Co-Authors: Tuhua Zhong, Renuka Dhandapani, Dan Liang, Michael P. Wolcott, Jinwu Wang, Dana Van Fossen
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this study, nanocellulose was extracted from indigo-dyed denim fabric and the resultant nanocellulose properties were evaluated in comparison with those derived from bleached cotton fabric and Wood Pulp in order to investigate the potential of recycling denim waste for nanocellulose production and application. Sulfuric acid hydrolysis and (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl) oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidation were utilized to produce cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and cellulose nanofibers (TOCN), respectively. A stable CNC suspension with blue color was obtained after acid hydrolysis and the TEMPO process yielded colorless TOCN. The denim-derived nanocellulose possessed similar yield, morphology, size, crystallinity, and thermal stability to those derived from bleached cotton but higher crystallinity and thermal stability compared to the nanocellulose from Wood Pulp. When used to reinforce polyvinyl alcohol film, the blue indigo-CNC not only enhanced mechanical properties of the film but also provided the film with outstanding UV blocking.