X-Ray Radiography

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Sylvain Deville - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Dynamics of the Freezing Front During the Solidification of a Colloidal Alumina Aqueous Suspension: In Situ X-Ray Radiography, Tomography, and Modeling
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2011
    Co-Authors: Alberto Bareggi, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Sylvain Deville
    Abstract:

    Ice templating of colloidal suspension is gaining interest in material science because it offers the possibility to shape advanced materials, and in particular porous ceramics. Recent investigations on this peculiar process show that a correlation between the morphology of the frozen suspension and the velocity of the freezing front do exist. The dynamics of the freezing front of a colloidal suspension of alumina is investigated in the present study by experimental tests, finite element numerical analysis and theoretical analytical calculations. The experimental tests are carried out by in situ X-Ray Radiography (investigation of the dynamics of the freezing front) and tomography (investigation of the resulting morphology of the frozen suspension). The finite element model is a continuous properties model; it is used for investigating the dynamics and the shape of the freezing front. The analytical model is based on the two-phase Stefan problem. We propose a solution for the dynamics of the solidification front based on the calculation of the diffusivity as a function of the particle fraction and local temperature.

  • Dynamics of the Freezing Front During the Solidification of a Colloidal Alumina Aqueous Suspension: In Situ X-Ray Radiography, Tomography, and Modeling
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2011
    Co-Authors: Alberto Bareggi, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Sylvain Deville
    Abstract:

    Ice templating of colloidal suspension is gaining interest in material science because it offers the possibility to shape advanced materials, in particular porous ceramics. Recent investigations on this process show that a correlation between the morphology of the frozen suspension and the velocity of the freezing front do exist. The dynamics of the freezing front of a colloidal suspension of alumina is investigated in this study by experimental tests, finite element analysis, and analytical calculations. The experimental tests are carried out by in situ X-Ray Radiography (dynamics of the freezing front) and tomography (morphology of the frozen suspension). The finite element model is a continuous properties model; it is used for investigating the dynamics and the shape of the freezing front. The analytical model is based on the two-phase Stefan problem. We propose a solution for the dynamics of the solidification front based on the calculation of the diffusivity as a function of the particle fraction and local temperature.

  • In Situ X-Ray Radiography and Tomography Observations of the Solidification of Aqueous Alumina Particles Suspensions. Part II: Steady State
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sylvain Deville, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Agnès Bogner, Catherine Gauthier, Jérôme Leloup, Christian Guizard
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates the behavior of colloidal suspensions of alumina particles during directional solidification, by in situ high‐resolution observations using X‐ray Radiography and tomography. This second part is focussed on the evolution of ice crystals during steady‐state growth (in terms of interface velocity) and on the particle redistribution taking place in this regime. In particular, it is shown that particle diffusion cannot determine the particle concentration profile in this regime of interface velocities (20–40 μm/s). Particles are redistributed by a direct interaction with the moving solidification interface. Several parameters controlling the particle redistribution were identified, namely the interface velocity, the particle size, the shape of the ice crystals, and the orientation relationships between the crystals and the temperature gradient

  • In situ X-Ray Radiography and tomography observations of the solidification of aqueous alumina particle suspensions. Part I: Initial instants
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sylvain Deville, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Agnès Bogner, Catherine Gauthier, Jérôme Leloup, Christian Guizard
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates by in situ high-resolution X-Ray Radiography and tomography the behaviour of colloidal suspensions of alumina particles during directional solidification by freezing. The combination of these techniques provided both qualitative and quantitative information about the propagation kinetic of the solid/liquid interface, the particles redistribution between the crystals and a particle enriched phase and the 3D organisation of the ice crystals. In this first part of two companion papers, the precursor phenomena leading to directional crystallisation during the first instants of solidification is studied. Mullins-Sekerka instabilities are not necessary to explain the dynamic evolution of the interface pattern. Particle redistribution during these first instants is dependent on the type of crystals growing into the suspension. The insights gained into the mechanisms of solidification of colloidal suspensions may be valuable for the materials processing routes derived for this type of directional solidification (freeze-casting), and of general interest for those interested in the interactions between solidification fronts and inert particles.

Christian Guizard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • In Situ X-Ray Radiography and Tomography Observations of the Solidification of Aqueous Alumina Particles Suspensions. Part II: Steady State
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sylvain Deville, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Agnès Bogner, Catherine Gauthier, Jérôme Leloup, Christian Guizard
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates the behavior of colloidal suspensions of alumina particles during directional solidification, by in situ high‐resolution observations using X‐ray Radiography and tomography. This second part is focussed on the evolution of ice crystals during steady‐state growth (in terms of interface velocity) and on the particle redistribution taking place in this regime. In particular, it is shown that particle diffusion cannot determine the particle concentration profile in this regime of interface velocities (20–40 μm/s). Particles are redistributed by a direct interaction with the moving solidification interface. Several parameters controlling the particle redistribution were identified, namely the interface velocity, the particle size, the shape of the ice crystals, and the orientation relationships between the crystals and the temperature gradient

  • In situ X-Ray Radiography and tomography observations of the solidification of aqueous alumina particle suspensions. Part I: Initial instants
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sylvain Deville, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Agnès Bogner, Catherine Gauthier, Jérôme Leloup, Christian Guizard
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates by in situ high-resolution X-Ray Radiography and tomography the behaviour of colloidal suspensions of alumina particles during directional solidification by freezing. The combination of these techniques provided both qualitative and quantitative information about the propagation kinetic of the solid/liquid interface, the particles redistribution between the crystals and a particle enriched phase and the 3D organisation of the ice crystals. In this first part of two companion papers, the precursor phenomena leading to directional crystallisation during the first instants of solidification is studied. Mullins-Sekerka instabilities are not necessary to explain the dynamic evolution of the interface pattern. Particle redistribution during these first instants is dependent on the type of crystals growing into the suspension. The insights gained into the mechanisms of solidification of colloidal suspensions may be valuable for the materials processing routes derived for this type of directional solidification (freeze-casting), and of general interest for those interested in the interactions between solidification fronts and inert particles.

Audrey Lasalle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Dynamics of the Freezing Front During the Solidification of a Colloidal Alumina Aqueous Suspension: In Situ X-Ray Radiography, Tomography, and Modeling
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2011
    Co-Authors: Alberto Bareggi, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Sylvain Deville
    Abstract:

    Ice templating of colloidal suspension is gaining interest in material science because it offers the possibility to shape advanced materials, and in particular porous ceramics. Recent investigations on this peculiar process show that a correlation between the morphology of the frozen suspension and the velocity of the freezing front do exist. The dynamics of the freezing front of a colloidal suspension of alumina is investigated in the present study by experimental tests, finite element numerical analysis and theoretical analytical calculations. The experimental tests are carried out by in situ X-Ray Radiography (investigation of the dynamics of the freezing front) and tomography (investigation of the resulting morphology of the frozen suspension). The finite element model is a continuous properties model; it is used for investigating the dynamics and the shape of the freezing front. The analytical model is based on the two-phase Stefan problem. We propose a solution for the dynamics of the solidification front based on the calculation of the diffusivity as a function of the particle fraction and local temperature.

  • Dynamics of the Freezing Front During the Solidification of a Colloidal Alumina Aqueous Suspension: In Situ X-Ray Radiography, Tomography, and Modeling
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2011
    Co-Authors: Alberto Bareggi, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Sylvain Deville
    Abstract:

    Ice templating of colloidal suspension is gaining interest in material science because it offers the possibility to shape advanced materials, in particular porous ceramics. Recent investigations on this process show that a correlation between the morphology of the frozen suspension and the velocity of the freezing front do exist. The dynamics of the freezing front of a colloidal suspension of alumina is investigated in this study by experimental tests, finite element analysis, and analytical calculations. The experimental tests are carried out by in situ X-Ray Radiography (dynamics of the freezing front) and tomography (morphology of the frozen suspension). The finite element model is a continuous properties model; it is used for investigating the dynamics and the shape of the freezing front. The analytical model is based on the two-phase Stefan problem. We propose a solution for the dynamics of the solidification front based on the calculation of the diffusivity as a function of the particle fraction and local temperature.

  • In Situ X-Ray Radiography and Tomography Observations of the Solidification of Aqueous Alumina Particles Suspensions. Part II: Steady State
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sylvain Deville, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Agnès Bogner, Catherine Gauthier, Jérôme Leloup, Christian Guizard
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates the behavior of colloidal suspensions of alumina particles during directional solidification, by in situ high‐resolution observations using X‐ray Radiography and tomography. This second part is focussed on the evolution of ice crystals during steady‐state growth (in terms of interface velocity) and on the particle redistribution taking place in this regime. In particular, it is shown that particle diffusion cannot determine the particle concentration profile in this regime of interface velocities (20–40 μm/s). Particles are redistributed by a direct interaction with the moving solidification interface. Several parameters controlling the particle redistribution were identified, namely the interface velocity, the particle size, the shape of the ice crystals, and the orientation relationships between the crystals and the temperature gradient

  • In situ X-Ray Radiography and tomography observations of the solidification of aqueous alumina particle suspensions. Part I: Initial instants
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sylvain Deville, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Agnès Bogner, Catherine Gauthier, Jérôme Leloup, Christian Guizard
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates by in situ high-resolution X-Ray Radiography and tomography the behaviour of colloidal suspensions of alumina particles during directional solidification by freezing. The combination of these techniques provided both qualitative and quantitative information about the propagation kinetic of the solid/liquid interface, the particles redistribution between the crystals and a particle enriched phase and the 3D organisation of the ice crystals. In this first part of two companion papers, the precursor phenomena leading to directional crystallisation during the first instants of solidification is studied. Mullins-Sekerka instabilities are not necessary to explain the dynamic evolution of the interface pattern. Particle redistribution during these first instants is dependent on the type of crystals growing into the suspension. The insights gained into the mechanisms of solidification of colloidal suspensions may be valuable for the materials processing routes derived for this type of directional solidification (freeze-casting), and of general interest for those interested in the interactions between solidification fronts and inert particles.

Eric Maire - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Dynamics of the Freezing Front During the Solidification of a Colloidal Alumina Aqueous Suspension: In Situ X-Ray Radiography, Tomography, and Modeling
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2011
    Co-Authors: Alberto Bareggi, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Sylvain Deville
    Abstract:

    Ice templating of colloidal suspension is gaining interest in material science because it offers the possibility to shape advanced materials, and in particular porous ceramics. Recent investigations on this peculiar process show that a correlation between the morphology of the frozen suspension and the velocity of the freezing front do exist. The dynamics of the freezing front of a colloidal suspension of alumina is investigated in the present study by experimental tests, finite element numerical analysis and theoretical analytical calculations. The experimental tests are carried out by in situ X-Ray Radiography (investigation of the dynamics of the freezing front) and tomography (investigation of the resulting morphology of the frozen suspension). The finite element model is a continuous properties model; it is used for investigating the dynamics and the shape of the freezing front. The analytical model is based on the two-phase Stefan problem. We propose a solution for the dynamics of the solidification front based on the calculation of the diffusivity as a function of the particle fraction and local temperature.

  • Dynamics of the Freezing Front During the Solidification of a Colloidal Alumina Aqueous Suspension: In Situ X-Ray Radiography, Tomography, and Modeling
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2011
    Co-Authors: Alberto Bareggi, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Sylvain Deville
    Abstract:

    Ice templating of colloidal suspension is gaining interest in material science because it offers the possibility to shape advanced materials, in particular porous ceramics. Recent investigations on this process show that a correlation between the morphology of the frozen suspension and the velocity of the freezing front do exist. The dynamics of the freezing front of a colloidal suspension of alumina is investigated in this study by experimental tests, finite element analysis, and analytical calculations. The experimental tests are carried out by in situ X-Ray Radiography (dynamics of the freezing front) and tomography (morphology of the frozen suspension). The finite element model is a continuous properties model; it is used for investigating the dynamics and the shape of the freezing front. The analytical model is based on the two-phase Stefan problem. We propose a solution for the dynamics of the solidification front based on the calculation of the diffusivity as a function of the particle fraction and local temperature.

  • In Situ X-Ray Radiography and Tomography Observations of the Solidification of Aqueous Alumina Particles Suspensions. Part II: Steady State
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sylvain Deville, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Agnès Bogner, Catherine Gauthier, Jérôme Leloup, Christian Guizard
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates the behavior of colloidal suspensions of alumina particles during directional solidification, by in situ high‐resolution observations using X‐ray Radiography and tomography. This second part is focussed on the evolution of ice crystals during steady‐state growth (in terms of interface velocity) and on the particle redistribution taking place in this regime. In particular, it is shown that particle diffusion cannot determine the particle concentration profile in this regime of interface velocities (20–40 μm/s). Particles are redistributed by a direct interaction with the moving solidification interface. Several parameters controlling the particle redistribution were identified, namely the interface velocity, the particle size, the shape of the ice crystals, and the orientation relationships between the crystals and the temperature gradient

  • In situ X-Ray Radiography and tomography observations of the solidification of aqueous alumina particle suspensions. Part I: Initial instants
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sylvain Deville, Audrey Lasalle, Eric Maire, Agnès Bogner, Catherine Gauthier, Jérôme Leloup, Christian Guizard
    Abstract:

    This paper investigates by in situ high-resolution X-Ray Radiography and tomography the behaviour of colloidal suspensions of alumina particles during directional solidification by freezing. The combination of these techniques provided both qualitative and quantitative information about the propagation kinetic of the solid/liquid interface, the particles redistribution between the crystals and a particle enriched phase and the 3D organisation of the ice crystals. In this first part of two companion papers, the precursor phenomena leading to directional crystallisation during the first instants of solidification is studied. Mullins-Sekerka instabilities are not necessary to explain the dynamic evolution of the interface pattern. Particle redistribution during these first instants is dependent on the type of crystals growing into the suspension. The insights gained into the mechanisms of solidification of colloidal suspensions may be valuable for the materials processing routes derived for this type of directional solidification (freeze-casting), and of general interest for those interested in the interactions between solidification fronts and inert particles.

J. Baruchel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • In situ characterization by synchrotron X-Ray Radiography of the growth dynamics of equiaxed grains in Al-10wt.%Cu alloys
    2016
    Co-Authors: G. Reinhart, J. Baruchel, H. Nguyen Thi, A. Bongo, B. Billia
    Abstract:

    The development of dendritic equiaxed grains in thin samples is monitored by in situ and real-time X-Ray Radiography on Al-10wt.%Cu alloys solidified by isothermal cooling down at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). In situ Radiography allows direct insight into dynamical phenomena that cannot be reconstructed after growth from metallography on metallic materials. This presentation is focused on the analysis of equiaxed grain growth from the very early stages to a state where dendritic grains are no longer visibly changing, close to coherency. Characteristic parameters of primary interest for materials processing and theoretical modeling and numerical simulation are discussed. The transition of equiaxed grain envelope growth driven by primary dendrites arms to growth driven by secondary arms is analyzed. The quantitative evolution of the projected internal solid fraction and total solid fraction is compared with major analytical models. Advantages and limitations of X-Ray monitoring on thin 3D-samples will be discussed.

  • Analysis by synchrotron X-Ray Radiography of convection effects on the dynamic evolution of the solid–liquid interface and on solute distribution during the initial transient of solidification
    Acta Materialia, 2011
    Co-Authors: A. Bogno, Nathalie Mangelinck-noël, G. Reinhart, B. Billia, J. Baruchel, H. Nguyen Thi, A. Buffet, N. Bergeon, T. Schenk
    Abstract:

    In situ monitoring of the initial transient of directional solidification was carried out by means of synchrotron X-Ray Radiography. Experiments with Al–4 wt.% Cu alloy samples were performed on beamline ID19 of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in a dedicated Bridgman-type furnace. X-Ray Radiography enabled a detailed analysis of the evolution over time of the solid–liquid interface macroscopic shape in interaction with convection in the melt. Lateral solute segregation induced by fluid flow resulted in a significant deformation of the solid–liquid interface. The time-dependent velocity of the solidification front was determined at different abscissa values along the curved interface during the solidification process, from the growth phase with a smooth interface to the onset of morphological instability. Further, using a novel quantitative image analysis technique we were able to measure longitudinal solute profiles in the melt during the initial transient. Solutal length was then deduced as well as concentration in the melt, both at the interface and far away from it. The influence of convection on growth velocity and the characteristic parameters of the solute boundary layer are discussed, and a comparison with the Warren and Langer model is also presented.

  • Application of synchrotron X-Ray Radiography to the study of dendritic equiaxed microstructure formation in Al–Cu alloys
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2010
    Co-Authors: A. Bogno, N. Mangelinck-noel, T. Schenk, B. Billia, H. Nguyen Thi, N. Bergeon, E. Boller, J. Baruchel
    Abstract:

    The phenomena involved during equiaxed growth, which is the most common growth morphology in metal casting, are dynamic. Therefore, in situ investigation is necessary to fully analyse the microstructure formation. Synchrotron X-Ray Radiography has become a major tool for in situ characterization of solidification in metallic systems. This paper reports on dedicated equiaxed solidification experiments carried out at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble-France on Al–10 wt.% Cu alloy. The analysis is based on the recorded images obtained through absorption Radiography. Equiaxed growth is achieved in nearly isothermal conditions and observed continuously in real time from the early stages of solidification to the final state. The evolution of the dendrite arm lengths and the corresponding growth rates are analysed for two couples of grains in relation with their environment. This analysis suggests that the solutal interaction is dominant between equiaxed grains.

  • In situ and real-time analysis of TGZM phenomena by synchrotron X-Ray Radiography
    Journal of Crystal Growth, 2008
    Co-Authors: H. Nguyen Thi, Nathalie Mangelinck-noël, G. Reinhart, T. Schenk, B. Billia, J. Härtwig, A. Buffet, H. Jung, N. Bergeon, J. Baruchel
    Abstract:

    The development of brilliant third-generation synchrotron X-Ray sources, together with advances in X-Ray optics and detectors, has provided timely efficient tools for in-depth understanding of physical phenomena in a broad spectrum of situations. Synchrotron X-Ray Radiography enables in situ and real-time observation of microstructure evolution, i.e. a direct access to dynamical phenomena which could not be anticipated from post-mortem analysis. Dedicated experiments are carried out at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble (France) in Al-based alloys to study the dynamics of temperature gradient zone melting (TGZM) phenomenon. TGZM occurs when a liquid–solid zone is submitted to a temperature gradient and leads to the migration of liquid droplets or channels through the solid, up the temperature gradient. The thorough characterisation of both the initial solid during the thermal stabilisation phase prior to solidification (static TGZM) in Al–3.5wt% Ni alloy and the dendritic microstructure in the later stage of solidification in Al–7.0wt% Si alloy is performed. Based on experimental observations, quantitative data (in particular liquid migration velocity) are measured and a very good agreement is found with theoretical analysis.

  • In situ analysis of equiaxed growth of aluminium–nickel alloys by X-Ray Radiography at ESRF
    Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2005
    Co-Authors: N. Mangelinck-noel, Henri Nguyen-thi, G. Reinhart, T. Schenk, V. Cristiglio, M-d Dupouy, J. Gastaldi, B. Billia, J. Härtwig, J. Baruchel
    Abstract:

    We present results obtained at the ID19 beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) by synchrotron X-Ray Radiography during the solidification of Al–Ni alloys. We focus on columnar dendritic and equiaxed solidification, and the transition between the two regimes. The columnar to equiaxed transition is a critical and still pending issue in metallurgy. By making use of the high potential of synchrotron experimental tools for in situ and real-time characterization of the solid–liquid interface during directional solidification, we were able to provide insight into key physical phenomena, in particular, sedimentation, interaction and arrangement of equiaxed grains.