The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Suo-min Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Overexpression of the Zygophyllum xanthoxylum Aquaporin, ZxPIP1;3, Promotes Plant Growth and Stress Tolerance
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021Co-Authors: Suo-min Wang, Hongju YinAbstract:Drought and salinity can result in cell dehydration and water unbalance in plants, which seriously diminish plant growth and development. Cellular water homeostasis maintained by aquaporin is one of the important strategies for plants to cope with these two stresses. In this study, a stress-induced aquaporin, ZxPIP1;3, belonging to the PIP1 subgroup, was identified from the succulent Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum. The subcellular localization showed that ZxPIP1;3-GFP was located in the plasma membrane. The overexpression of ZxPIP1;3 in Arabidopsis prompted plant growth under favorable condition. In addition, it also conferred salt and drought tolerance with better water status as well as less ion toxicity and membrane injury, which led to more efficient photosynthesis and improved growth vigor via inducing stress-related responsive genes. This study reveals the molecular mechanisms of Xerophytes’ stress tolerance and provides a valuable candidate that could be used in genetic engineering to improve crop growth and stress tolerance.
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Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies Candidate Genes Involved in the Salt Tolerance of the Xerophyte Pugionium cornutum.
Genes, 2019Co-Authors: Yan-nong Cui, Fang-zhen Wang, Cheng-hang Yang, Jian-zhen Yuan, Huan Guo, Jin-lin Zhang, Suo-min WangAbstract:The Xerophyte Pugionium cornutum adapts to salt stress by accumulating inorganic ions (e.g., Cl-) for osmotic adjustment and enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, but the associated molecular basis remains unclear. In this study, we first found that P. cornutum could also maintain cell membrane stability due to its prominent ROS-scavenging ability and exhibits efficient carbon assimilation capacity under salt stress. Then, the candidate genes associated with the important physiological traits of the salt tolerance of P. cornutum were identified through transcriptomic analysis. The results showed that after 50 mM NaCl treatment for 6 or 24 h, multiple genes encoding proteins facilitating Cl- accumulation and NO3- homeostasis, as well as the transport of other major inorganic osmoticums, were significantly upregulated in roots and shoots, which should be favorable for enhancing osmotic adjustment capacity and maintaining the uptake and transport of nutrient elements; a large number of genes related to ROS-scavenging pathways were also significantly upregulated, which might be beneficial for mitigating salt-induced oxidative damage to the cells. Meanwhile, many genes encoding components of the photosynthetic electron transport pathway and carbon fixation enzymes were significantly upregulated in shoots, possibly resulting in high carbon assimilation efficiency in P. cornutum. Additionally, numerous salt-inducible transcription factor genes that probably regulate the abovementioned processes were found. This work lays a preliminary foundation for clarifying the molecular mechanism underlying the adaptation of Xerophytes to harsh environments.
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co expression of tonoplast cation h antiporter and h pyrophosphatase from Xerophyte zygophyllum xanthoxylum improves alfalfa plant growth under salinity drought and field conditions
Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Ai-ke Bao, Leila Touil, Peng Kang, Qianglong Wang, Suo-min WangAbstract:Salinity and drought are major environmental factors limiting the growth and productivity of alfalfa worldwide as this economically important legume forage is sensitive to these kinds of abiotic stress. In this study, transgenic alfalfa lines expressing both tonoplast NXH and H(+)-PPase genes, ZxNHX and ZxVP1-1 from the Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum L., were produced via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Compared with wild-type (WT) plants, transgenic alfalfa plants co-expressing ZxNHX and ZxVP1-1 grew better with greater plant height and dry mass under normal or stress conditions (NaCl or water-deficit) in the greenhouse. The growth performance of transgenic alfalfa plants was associated with more Na(+), K(+) and Ca(2+) accumulation in leaves and roots, as a result of co-expression of ZxNHX and ZxVP1-1. Cation accumulation contributed to maintaining intracellular ions homoeostasis and osmoregulation of plants and thus conferred higher leaf relative water content and greater photosynthesis capacity in transgenic plants compared to WT when subjected to NaCl or water-deficit stress. Furthermore, the transgenic alfalfa co-expressing ZxNHX and ZxVP1-1 also grew faster than WT plants under field conditions, and most importantly, exhibited enhanced photosynthesis capacity by maintaining higher net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and water-use efficiency than WT plants. Our results indicate that co-expression of tonoplast NHX and H(+)-PPase genes from a Xerophyte significantly improved the growth of alfalfa, and enhanced its tolerance to high salinity and drought. This study laid a solid basis for reclaiming and restoring saline and arid marginal lands as well as improving forage yield in northern China.
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Transcriptomic analysis of the succulent Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum in response to salt treatment and osmotic stress
Plant and Soil, 2016Co-Authors: Ai-ke Bao, Jin-lin Zhang, Wei-wei Chai, Wen-ying Wang, Suo-min WangAbstract:Background and aims Accumulating a great quantity of Na+, maintaining the stability of the concentration of important nutrition elements, increasing the activities of enzymes related to ROS-scavenging are crucial strategies for the Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum surviving under adverse saline and drought environments; besides, actively regulating the photosynthesis is also a main reason for Z. xanthoxylum to adapt to mild salt conditions. However, the possible molecular basis of above physiological mechanisms is poorly understood.
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transcriptomic analysis of the succulent Xerophyte zygophyllum xanthoxylum in response to salt treatment and osmotic stress
Plant and Soil, 2016Co-Authors: Ai-ke Bao, Jin-lin Zhang, Wei-wei Chai, Wen-ying Wang, Suo-min WangAbstract:Accumulating a great quantity of Na+, maintaining the stability of the concentration of important nutrition elements, increasing the activities of enzymes related to ROS-scavenging are crucial strategies for the Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum surviving under adverse saline and drought environments; besides, actively regulating the photosynthesis is also a main reason for Z. xanthoxylum to adapt to mild salt conditions. However, the possible molecular basis of above physiological mechanisms is poorly understood. By performing Illumina sequencing combined with a digital gene expression profiling technique, differentially expressed genes in leaves and roots of Z. xanthoxylum under 50 mM NaCl and −0.5 MPa osmotic stress for 6 and 24 h were identified, respectively, mainly focused on genes related to ion transport, ROS-scavenging system and photosynthesis. Under 50 mM NaCl and −0.5 MPa osmotic stress, the transcripts of genes encoding transporters/channels for Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, nitrogen, phosphate and important micro-elements significantly increased, which is conducive to enhance the uptake and transport of nutrient elements in Z. xanthoxylum; and more importantly, besides Na+, genes related to vacuolar compartmentalization of K+, Ca2+, NO3 − in leaves plays vital roles in the adaptation to mild salt condition. Meanwhile, NaCl treatment and osmotic stress significantly increased the transcripts of a number of genes related to ROS-scavenging system, which is beneficial to accelerate the ROS-scavenging under 50 mM NaCl and mitigate the damage of ROS to cell biomembrane system under osmotic stress. In addition, in contrast to osmotic stress, 50 mM NaCl significantly induced the expression of genes encoding proteins participated in photosynthetic electron transport and carbon fixation, while inhibited the expression of genes related to chlorophyll catabolism. The present study identified potential genes underling the principal physiological mechanisms of salt and drought tolerance in Z. xanthoxylum. The results provided abundant genetic resources from desert Xerophyte for genetic improvement of stress-resistance of important forage and crop species in arid area.
Ai-ke Bao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Na compound fertilizer stimulates growth and alleviates water deficit in the succulent Xerophyte Nitraria tangutorum (Bobr) after breaking seed dormancy
Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2016Co-Authors: Jianjun Kang, Li-jun Yue, Suoming Wang, Wenzhi Zhao, Ai-ke BaoAbstract:ABSTRACTNitraria tangutorum (Bobr), a typical succulent Xerophyte with high level of seed dormancy, is one of the few shrubs found to date that can develop and form fixed dunes in desert regions. Our studies have demonstrated that the strong drought tolerance of the succulent Xerophytes was strongly linked to high sodium (Na+) accumulation in the photosynthesizing branches (PB) as well as leaves. The study is to explore a method that can rapidly promote the seed germination of N. tangutorum, and then investigate the positive effects of Na compound fertilizer (NaCF) on the growth and drought tolerance of N. tangutorum and ecological environment by short-term pot experiment in a greenhouse and long-term field and pot experiment in a desert environment. The results indicate that the germination rate of seeds obtained a maximum by 69% when seeds were treated with 150 mg L −1 gibberellic acid (GA3) for 48 h followed by soaking in concentrated sulfuric acid (98% H2SO4) for 55 min, and then germinated (25/5°C) i...
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co expression of tonoplast cation h antiporter and h pyrophosphatase from Xerophyte zygophyllum xanthoxylum improves alfalfa plant growth under salinity drought and field conditions
Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Ai-ke Bao, Leila Touil, Peng Kang, Qianglong Wang, Suo-min WangAbstract:Salinity and drought are major environmental factors limiting the growth and productivity of alfalfa worldwide as this economically important legume forage is sensitive to these kinds of abiotic stress. In this study, transgenic alfalfa lines expressing both tonoplast NXH and H(+)-PPase genes, ZxNHX and ZxVP1-1 from the Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum L., were produced via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Compared with wild-type (WT) plants, transgenic alfalfa plants co-expressing ZxNHX and ZxVP1-1 grew better with greater plant height and dry mass under normal or stress conditions (NaCl or water-deficit) in the greenhouse. The growth performance of transgenic alfalfa plants was associated with more Na(+), K(+) and Ca(2+) accumulation in leaves and roots, as a result of co-expression of ZxNHX and ZxVP1-1. Cation accumulation contributed to maintaining intracellular ions homoeostasis and osmoregulation of plants and thus conferred higher leaf relative water content and greater photosynthesis capacity in transgenic plants compared to WT when subjected to NaCl or water-deficit stress. Furthermore, the transgenic alfalfa co-expressing ZxNHX and ZxVP1-1 also grew faster than WT plants under field conditions, and most importantly, exhibited enhanced photosynthesis capacity by maintaining higher net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and water-use efficiency than WT plants. Our results indicate that co-expression of tonoplast NHX and H(+)-PPase genes from a Xerophyte significantly improved the growth of alfalfa, and enhanced its tolerance to high salinity and drought. This study laid a solid basis for reclaiming and restoring saline and arid marginal lands as well as improving forage yield in northern China.
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Transcriptomic analysis of the succulent Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum in response to salt treatment and osmotic stress
Plant and Soil, 2016Co-Authors: Ai-ke Bao, Jin-lin Zhang, Wei-wei Chai, Wen-ying Wang, Suo-min WangAbstract:Background and aims Accumulating a great quantity of Na+, maintaining the stability of the concentration of important nutrition elements, increasing the activities of enzymes related to ROS-scavenging are crucial strategies for the Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum surviving under adverse saline and drought environments; besides, actively regulating the photosynthesis is also a main reason for Z. xanthoxylum to adapt to mild salt conditions. However, the possible molecular basis of above physiological mechanisms is poorly understood.
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transcriptomic analysis of the succulent Xerophyte zygophyllum xanthoxylum in response to salt treatment and osmotic stress
Plant and Soil, 2016Co-Authors: Ai-ke Bao, Jin-lin Zhang, Wei-wei Chai, Wen-ying Wang, Suo-min WangAbstract:Accumulating a great quantity of Na+, maintaining the stability of the concentration of important nutrition elements, increasing the activities of enzymes related to ROS-scavenging are crucial strategies for the Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum surviving under adverse saline and drought environments; besides, actively regulating the photosynthesis is also a main reason for Z. xanthoxylum to adapt to mild salt conditions. However, the possible molecular basis of above physiological mechanisms is poorly understood. By performing Illumina sequencing combined with a digital gene expression profiling technique, differentially expressed genes in leaves and roots of Z. xanthoxylum under 50 mM NaCl and −0.5 MPa osmotic stress for 6 and 24 h were identified, respectively, mainly focused on genes related to ion transport, ROS-scavenging system and photosynthesis. Under 50 mM NaCl and −0.5 MPa osmotic stress, the transcripts of genes encoding transporters/channels for Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, nitrogen, phosphate and important micro-elements significantly increased, which is conducive to enhance the uptake and transport of nutrient elements in Z. xanthoxylum; and more importantly, besides Na+, genes related to vacuolar compartmentalization of K+, Ca2+, NO3 − in leaves plays vital roles in the adaptation to mild salt condition. Meanwhile, NaCl treatment and osmotic stress significantly increased the transcripts of a number of genes related to ROS-scavenging system, which is beneficial to accelerate the ROS-scavenging under 50 mM NaCl and mitigate the damage of ROS to cell biomembrane system under osmotic stress. In addition, in contrast to osmotic stress, 50 mM NaCl significantly induced the expression of genes encoding proteins participated in photosynthetic electron transport and carbon fixation, while inhibited the expression of genes related to chlorophyll catabolism. The present study identified potential genes underling the principal physiological mechanisms of salt and drought tolerance in Z. xanthoxylum. The results provided abundant genetic resources from desert Xerophyte for genetic improvement of stress-resistance of important forage and crop species in arid area.
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Co-expression of tonoplast Cation/H(+) antiporter and H(+)-pyrophosphatase from Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum improves alfalfa plant growth under salinity, drought and field conditions
Plant biotechnology journal, 2015Co-Authors: Ai-ke Bao, Leila Touil, Peng Kang, Qianglong Wang, Suo-min WangAbstract:Salinity and drought are major environmental factors limiting the growth and productivity of alfalfa worldwide as this economically important legume forage is sensitive to these kinds of abiotic stress. In this study, transgenic alfalfa lines expressing both tonoplast NXH and H(+)-PPase genes, ZxNHX and ZxVP1-1 from the Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum L., were produced via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Compared with wild-type (WT) plants, transgenic alfalfa plants co-expressing ZxNHX and ZxVP1-1 grew better with greater plant height and dry mass under normal or stress conditions (NaCl or water-deficit) in the greenhouse. The growth performance of transgenic alfalfa plants was associated with more Na(+), K(+) and Ca(2+) accumulation in leaves and roots, as a result of co-expression of ZxNHX and ZxVP1-1. Cation accumulation contributed to maintaining intracellular ions homoeostasis and osmoregulation of plants and thus conferred higher leaf relative water content and greater photosynthesis capacity in transgenic plants compared to WT when subjected to NaCl or water-deficit stress. Furthermore, the transgenic alfalfa co-expressing ZxNHX and ZxVP1-1 also grew faster than WT plants under field conditions, and most importantly, exhibited enhanced photosynthesis capacity by maintaining higher net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and water-use efficiency than WT plants. Our results indicate that co-expression of tonoplast NHX and H(+)-PPase genes from a Xerophyte significantly improved the growth of alfalfa, and enhanced its tolerance to high salinity and drought. This study laid a solid basis for reclaiming and restoring saline and arid marginal lands as well as improving forage yield in northern China.
Kinya Akashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chapter 23 Mechanisms of Drought and High Light Stress Tolerance Studied in a Xerophyte, Citrullus lanatus (Wild Watermelon)
The Chloroplast, 2010Co-Authors: Yoshihiko Nanasato, Akiho Yokota, Chikahiro Miyake, Kentaro Takahara, Kaori Kohzuma, Yuri Munekage, Kinya AkashiAbstract:The majority of higher plants are unable to survive extreme drought in the presence of strong solar radiation. However, a small group of vascular plants termed ‘‘Xerophytes’’ have evolved drought and high light stress tolerance, and successfully thrives in the arid areas. This chapter will focus on the physiological, biochemical and molecular responses of wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), a Xerophyte which is indigenous to the Kalahari Desert despite carrying out C3-type photosynthesis. The electrochromic shift of carotenoids in the thylakoid membranes was analyzed in vivo, which revealed that the proton efflux through chloroplast ATP synthase was strongly suppressed under drought and high light stresses. In addition, cyclic electron flow around photosystem I was significantly activated under the stress, suggesting the functional relevance of these processes to the build-up of large ΔpH across thylakoid membranes, for sustaining high qE quenching under excess light conditions. Biochemical analyses showed that key components for ROS metabolism, such as chloroplastic ascorbate peroxidase and monodehydroascorbate reductase, were markedly fortified in this plant. Moreover, unique responses of wild watermelon under the stress were described like metabolism and function of citrulline, a novel compatible solute with potent activity for scavenging hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, characteristic gene expression patterns were observed in this plant under drought, which are exemplified by the induction of cytochrome b 561, a trans-plasma membrane protein for transferring reducing equivalents from cytosol to the apoplasts. Interestingly, unprecedentedly high activity of ascorbate oxidase was observed in the leaf apoplasts, suggesting the electron flux from cytosol to this terminal oxidase may be activated under drought. Taken together, these findings offer intriguing implications on how terrestrial plants can achieve effective adaptation to the harsh environmental conditions.
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Programmed Proteome Response for Drought Avoidance/Tolerance in the Root of a C3 Xerophyte (Wild Watermelon) Under Water Deficits
Plant & cell physiology, 2008Co-Authors: Kazuya Yoshimura, Akiko Masuda, Masayoshi Kuwano, Akiho Yokota, Kinya AkashiAbstract:Water availability is a critical determinant for the growth and ecological distribution of terrestrial plants. Although some Xerophytes are unique regarding their highly developed root architecture and the successful adaptation to arid environments, virtually nothing is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying this adaptation. Here, we report physiological and molecular responses of wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus sp.), which exhibits extraordinarily high drought resistance. At the early stage of drought stress, root development of wild watermelon was significantly enhanced compared with that of the irrigated plants, indicating the activation of a drought avoidance mechanism for absorbing water from deep soil layers. Consistent with this observation, comparative proteome analysis revealed that many proteins induced in the early stage of drought stress are involved in root morphogenesis and carbon/nitrogen metabolism, which may contribute to the drought avoidance via the enhancement of root growth. On the other hand, lignin synthesis-related proteins and molecular chaperones, which may function in the enhancement of physical desiccation tolerance and maintenance of protein integrity, respectively, were induced mostly at the later stage of drought stress. Our findings suggest that this Xerophyte switches survival strategies from drought avoidance to drought tolerance during the progression of drought stress, by regulating its root proteome in a temporally programmed manner. This study provides new insights into the complex molecular networks within plant roots involved in the adaptation to adverse environments.
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programmed proteome response for drought avoidance tolerance in the root of a c3 Xerophyte wild watermelon under water deficits
Plant and Cell Physiology, 2007Co-Authors: Kazuya Yoshimura, Akiko Masuda, Masayoshi Kuwano, Akiho Yokota, Kinya AkashiAbstract:Water availability is a critical determinant for the growth and ecological distribution of terrestrial plants. Although some Xerophytes are unique regarding their highly developed root architecture and the successful adaptation to arid environments, virtually nothing is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying this adaptation. Here, we report physiological and molecular responses of wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus sp.), which exhibits extraordinarily high drought resistance. At the early stage of drought stress, root development of wild watermelon was significantly enhanced compared with that of the irrigated plants, indicating the activation of a drought avoidance mechanism for absorbing water from deep soil layers. Consistent with this observation, comparative proteome analysis revealed that many proteins induced in the early stage of drought stress are involved in root morphogenesis and carbon/nitrogen metabolism, which may contribute to the drought avoidance via the enhancement of root growth. On the other hand, lignin synthesis-related proteins and molecular chaperones, which may function in the enhancement of physical desiccation tolerance and maintenance of protein integrity, respectively, were induced mostly at the later stage of drought stress. Our findings suggest that this Xerophyte switches survival strategies from drought avoidance to drought tolerance during the progression of drought stress, by regulating its root proteome in a temporally programmed manner. This study provides new insights into the complex molecular networks within plant roots involved in the adaptation to adverse environments.
Kazuya Yoshimura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Programmed Proteome Response for Drought Avoidance/Tolerance in the Root of a C3 Xerophyte (Wild Watermelon) Under Water Deficits
Plant & cell physiology, 2008Co-Authors: Kazuya Yoshimura, Akiko Masuda, Masayoshi Kuwano, Akiho Yokota, Kinya AkashiAbstract:Water availability is a critical determinant for the growth and ecological distribution of terrestrial plants. Although some Xerophytes are unique regarding their highly developed root architecture and the successful adaptation to arid environments, virtually nothing is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying this adaptation. Here, we report physiological and molecular responses of wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus sp.), which exhibits extraordinarily high drought resistance. At the early stage of drought stress, root development of wild watermelon was significantly enhanced compared with that of the irrigated plants, indicating the activation of a drought avoidance mechanism for absorbing water from deep soil layers. Consistent with this observation, comparative proteome analysis revealed that many proteins induced in the early stage of drought stress are involved in root morphogenesis and carbon/nitrogen metabolism, which may contribute to the drought avoidance via the enhancement of root growth. On the other hand, lignin synthesis-related proteins and molecular chaperones, which may function in the enhancement of physical desiccation tolerance and maintenance of protein integrity, respectively, were induced mostly at the later stage of drought stress. Our findings suggest that this Xerophyte switches survival strategies from drought avoidance to drought tolerance during the progression of drought stress, by regulating its root proteome in a temporally programmed manner. This study provides new insights into the complex molecular networks within plant roots involved in the adaptation to adverse environments.
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programmed proteome response for drought avoidance tolerance in the root of a c3 Xerophyte wild watermelon under water deficits
Plant and Cell Physiology, 2007Co-Authors: Kazuya Yoshimura, Akiko Masuda, Masayoshi Kuwano, Akiho Yokota, Kinya AkashiAbstract:Water availability is a critical determinant for the growth and ecological distribution of terrestrial plants. Although some Xerophytes are unique regarding their highly developed root architecture and the successful adaptation to arid environments, virtually nothing is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying this adaptation. Here, we report physiological and molecular responses of wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus sp.), which exhibits extraordinarily high drought resistance. At the early stage of drought stress, root development of wild watermelon was significantly enhanced compared with that of the irrigated plants, indicating the activation of a drought avoidance mechanism for absorbing water from deep soil layers. Consistent with this observation, comparative proteome analysis revealed that many proteins induced in the early stage of drought stress are involved in root morphogenesis and carbon/nitrogen metabolism, which may contribute to the drought avoidance via the enhancement of root growth. On the other hand, lignin synthesis-related proteins and molecular chaperones, which may function in the enhancement of physical desiccation tolerance and maintenance of protein integrity, respectively, were induced mostly at the later stage of drought stress. Our findings suggest that this Xerophyte switches survival strategies from drought avoidance to drought tolerance during the progression of drought stress, by regulating its root proteome in a temporally programmed manner. This study provides new insights into the complex molecular networks within plant roots involved in the adaptation to adverse environments.
Wang Suo-min - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cloning and sequence analysis of 18S rRNA gene fragment from succulent Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum
Pratacultural Science, 2012Co-Authors: Wang Suo-minAbstract:In order to reveal the relationship between succulent Xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum and other plants and to provide evidences for the biologically evolution,total DNA was extracted from leaves of Z.xanthoxylum seedlings,and the 18S rRNA gene was cloned by PCR using general primers and cloned into pGEM-T vector.The positive clone identified by PCR was sequenced.The sequencing result revealed that the 18S rRNA gene fragment from Z.xanthoxylum contains 1808 bp.Homology comparison with other plants 18S rRNA gene sequences in the GenBank showed that it shared over 96% nucleotide sequence homology,so it is concluded that 18S rRNA is very conservative gene in plants.However,Homology matrix and Blast showed that Z.xanthoxylum shared high similarity(98%) with the identified 18S rRNA in Galearia filiformis,Cnidoscolus aconitifolius and Hevea brasiliensis.Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that Z.xanthoxylum and Panax notoginseng were most consanguineously grouped.
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Distribution Characteristics of Free Amino Acids and Free Proline in Sseveral Drought-resistant Plants of Alxa Desert, China
Journal of Desert Research, 2004Co-Authors: Wang Suo-minAbstract:The distribution characteristics of free amino acids and free proline were investigated in succulent Xerophytes—Haloxylon ammodendron and Zygophyllum xanthoxylum, Xerophytes—Artemisia sphaerocephala and Caragana korshinskii; and mesophytes Agriophyllum squarrosum and Corispermum mongolicum in Alxa Desert of China. The results showed that the content of total free amino acids were lowest in roots, and highest in leaves. The chief composition of amino acids was different in all of species; the chief composition of amino acids was different in different position, even if in the same species. Xerophytes accumulated large quantities of free proline; the proline concentrations in whole plant were 6\^0- to 16\^0-fold higher than those of the mesophytes, and were 1\^8\| to 25\^0-fold higher than those of H.ammodendron and Z.xanthoxyluma. In A.sphaerocephala, the concentrations of total free amino acids increased by 2\^0- and 5\^7-fold, and the concentrations of free proline increased by 3\^0- and 10\^5-fold from roots to stems, and from stems to leaves, respectively. A similar trend was observed in C.korshinskii. Therefore, accumulating free proline may play a role in drought adaptation in Xerophytes. The concentrations of total free amino acids only had a few increased in succulent Xerophytes and mesophytes, and it was free proline accumulation that was not the most important factor. Thus succulent Xerophytes and mesophytes did not mainly depend on accumulating free proline to adapt to arid environments.
