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Xingqua Zhu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mitochondrial genome data confirm that Yaks can serve as the intermediate host of echinococcus canadensis g10 on the tibetan plateau
    Parasites & Vectors, 2018
    Co-Authors: Guoqiang Zhu, Xingqua Zhu, Nianzhang Zhang, Gang Yao, Wenju Tia, Wanzhong Jia
    Abstract:

    Cervids used to be considered the only animal intermediate hosts of the G10 genotype of Echinococcus canadensis. Yaks are often herded in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China, where echinococcosis remains prevalent. However, no E. canadensis G10 cases have been recorded in Yaks until now. The aim of our study was to identify causative agents of echinococcosis in Yaks in this region. Total genomic DNA was extracted from the germinal layer of one hydatid using a Blood and Tissue Kit. Full-length mitochondrial (mt) cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) genes were amplified by PCR. All purified PCR products were directly sequenced in both directions. Then seven pairs of overlap primers were designed to amplify the entire mt genome sequence of a suspected E. canadensis G10 isolate. Phylogenetic analyses were performed based on concatenated nucleotides from the 12 protein-coding genes of mt genomes of Echinococcus species in a Bayesian framework using MrBayes v3.1 and implementing the GTR + I + G model. Hydatids were found in Yaks (n = 129) when organs were inspected at the slaughterhouse in Maqu county, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province, China in October 2016. Of these, 33 (25.6%) harbored up to a dozen hydatid cysts. One cyst from each yak was characterized by sequencing its mitochondrial (mt) cox1 and nad1 genes. On the basis of these sequence data, 32 cysts were identified as Echinococcus granulosus (sensu stricto) (G1-G3) and the remaining one was identified as the G10 genotype of E. canadensis. Its mt genome was then fully sequenced and compared with that of the G10 genotype in GenBank (AB745463). Phylogenetic analysis using complete mt genomes confirmed the Chinese cyst as belonging to the G10 genotype. To our knowledge, this is the first report globally of E. canadensis (G10) from Yaks in China, which suggests that the G10 genotype has a wider geographical distribution and broader host range than previously believed. This genotype has therefore potential risks to human health and animal husbandry.

  • detection of enterocytozoon bieneusi in white Yaks in gansu province china
    BioMed Research International, 2017
    Co-Authors: Nianzhang Zhang, Xingqua Zhu, Junling Hou, Yang Zou, Donghui Zhou
    Abstract:

    Enterocytozoon bieneusi, the most common zoonotic pathogen of microsporidiosis, has been found in various animals and humans, but no information is available concerning the prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi in white Yaks (Bos grunniens). In the present study, 353 faecal samples from white Yaks in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Gansu Province, Northwestern China, were collected and examined by PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer gene to estimate E. bieneusi prevalence and identify their genotypes. Of the 353 faecal samples, 4 (1.13%) were tested E. bieneusi-positive. Sequences analysis revealed that two known genotypes, namely, I ( ) and BEB4 ( ), and a novel genotype, namely, WCY1 ( ), were found in this study. Among them, genotype WCY1 was clustered into Group 1, and genotypes I and BEB4 belonged to Group 2. The present study firstly indicates the existence of E. bieneusi in Yaks in Gansu Province, Northwestern China. This is also the first record of E. bieneusi in white Yaks. Effective measures should be taken to control E. bieneusi infection in white Yaks, other animals, and humans.

  • seroprevalence and risk factors of bluetongue virus infection in tibetan sheep and Yaks in tibetan plateau china
    BioMed Research International, 2017
    Co-Authors: Xiaoxua Zhang, Wenbi Zheng, Xingqua Zhu, Donghui Zhou
    Abstract:

    Bluetongue (BT), caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), is an arthropod-borne viral disease in ruminants. However, information about BTV infection in Yaks in China is limited. Moreover, no such data concerning BTV in Tibetan sheep is available. Therefore, 3771 serum samples were collected from 2187 Tibetan sheep and 1584 Yaks between April 2013 and March 2014 from Tibetan Plateau, western China, and tested for BTV antibodies using a commercially available ELISA kit. The overall seroprevalence of BTV was 17.34% (654/3771), with 20.3% (443/2187) in Tibetan sheep and 13.3% (211/1584) in Yaks. In the Tibetan sheep group, the seroprevalence of BTV in Luqu, Maqu, Tianzhu, and Nyingchi Prefecture was 20.3%, 20.8%, 20.5%, and 19.1%, respectively. The seroprevalence of BTV in different season groups varied from 16.5% to 23.4%. In the yak group, BTV seroprevalence was 12.6%, 15.5%, and 11.0% in Tianzhu, Maqu, and Luqu counties, respectively. The seroprevalence in different seasons was 12.6%, 15.5%, 15.4%, and 9.0% in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The season was the major risk factor concerning BTV infection in Yaks ( ). The date of the BTV seroprevalence in Tibetan sheep and Yaks provides baseline information for controlling BT in ruminants in western China.

  • Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Bluetongue Virus Infection in Tibetan Sheep and Yaks in Tibetan Plateau, China
    Hindawi Limited, 2017
    Co-Authors: Xiaoxua Zhang, Wenbi Zheng, Xingqua Zhu, Donghui Zhou
    Abstract:

    Bluetongue (BT), caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), is an arthropod-borne viral disease in ruminants. However, information about BTV infection in Yaks in China is limited. Moreover, no such data concerning BTV in Tibetan sheep is available. Therefore, 3771 serum samples were collected from 2187 Tibetan sheep and 1584 Yaks between April 2013 and March 2014 from Tibetan Plateau, western China, and tested for BTV antibodies using a commercially available ELISA kit. The overall seroprevalence of BTV was 17.34% (654/3771), with 20.3% (443/2187) in Tibetan sheep and 13.3% (211/1584) in Yaks. In the Tibetan sheep group, the seroprevalence of BTV in Luqu, Maqu, Tianzhu, and Nyingchi Prefecture was 20.3%, 20.8%, 20.5%, and 19.1%, respectively. The seroprevalence of BTV in different season groups varied from 16.5% to 23.4%. In the yak group, BTV seroprevalence was 12.6%, 15.5%, and 11.0% in Tianzhu, Maqu, and Luqu counties, respectively. The seroprevalence in different seasons was 12.6%, 15.5%, 15.4%, and 9.0% in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The season was the major risk factor concerning BTV infection in Yaks (P

  • seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine viral diarrhoea virus bvdv infection in Yaks bos grunniens in northwest china
    Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2016
    Co-Authors: Wei Cong, Fuheng Zhang, Shengyong Feng, Donghui Zhou, Yiming Wang, Xingqua Zhu
    Abstract:

    Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), a member of the Pestivirus genus, is an important pathogen of cattle worldwide, causing reproductive disorders in adult cattle and mucosal disease in calves. However, limited information about BVDV infection in Yaks (Bos grunniens) in China is available, especially in white Yaks which is a unique yak breed that only lives in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County (TTAC), Gansu Province, northwest China. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with BVDV infection in 1584 Yaks in Gansu province, northwest China, between April 2013 and March 2014 using an indirect ELISA test. The overall seroprevalence of BVDV in Yaks was 37.56 % (595/1584), with 45.08 % (275/610) in black Yaks and 32.85 % (320/974) in white Yaks. Moreover, positive Yaks were found in all four regions, varied from 33.22 to 40.31 %. Male Yaks had a similar seroprevalence (37.84 %) with that of the female Yaks (37.11 %). Season, species and geographical origins of Yaks were considered as risk factors analyzed by logistic regression model. To our knowledge, this is the first report of seroprevalence and risk factors associated with BVDV infection in white Yaks in China.

Donghui Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • detection of enterocytozoon bieneusi in white Yaks in gansu province china
    BioMed Research International, 2017
    Co-Authors: Nianzhang Zhang, Xingqua Zhu, Junling Hou, Yang Zou, Donghui Zhou
    Abstract:

    Enterocytozoon bieneusi, the most common zoonotic pathogen of microsporidiosis, has been found in various animals and humans, but no information is available concerning the prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi in white Yaks (Bos grunniens). In the present study, 353 faecal samples from white Yaks in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Gansu Province, Northwestern China, were collected and examined by PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer gene to estimate E. bieneusi prevalence and identify their genotypes. Of the 353 faecal samples, 4 (1.13%) were tested E. bieneusi-positive. Sequences analysis revealed that two known genotypes, namely, I ( ) and BEB4 ( ), and a novel genotype, namely, WCY1 ( ), were found in this study. Among them, genotype WCY1 was clustered into Group 1, and genotypes I and BEB4 belonged to Group 2. The present study firstly indicates the existence of E. bieneusi in Yaks in Gansu Province, Northwestern China. This is also the first record of E. bieneusi in white Yaks. Effective measures should be taken to control E. bieneusi infection in white Yaks, other animals, and humans.

  • seroprevalence and risk factors of bluetongue virus infection in tibetan sheep and Yaks in tibetan plateau china
    BioMed Research International, 2017
    Co-Authors: Xiaoxua Zhang, Wenbi Zheng, Xingqua Zhu, Donghui Zhou
    Abstract:

    Bluetongue (BT), caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), is an arthropod-borne viral disease in ruminants. However, information about BTV infection in Yaks in China is limited. Moreover, no such data concerning BTV in Tibetan sheep is available. Therefore, 3771 serum samples were collected from 2187 Tibetan sheep and 1584 Yaks between April 2013 and March 2014 from Tibetan Plateau, western China, and tested for BTV antibodies using a commercially available ELISA kit. The overall seroprevalence of BTV was 17.34% (654/3771), with 20.3% (443/2187) in Tibetan sheep and 13.3% (211/1584) in Yaks. In the Tibetan sheep group, the seroprevalence of BTV in Luqu, Maqu, Tianzhu, and Nyingchi Prefecture was 20.3%, 20.8%, 20.5%, and 19.1%, respectively. The seroprevalence of BTV in different season groups varied from 16.5% to 23.4%. In the yak group, BTV seroprevalence was 12.6%, 15.5%, and 11.0% in Tianzhu, Maqu, and Luqu counties, respectively. The seroprevalence in different seasons was 12.6%, 15.5%, 15.4%, and 9.0% in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The season was the major risk factor concerning BTV infection in Yaks ( ). The date of the BTV seroprevalence in Tibetan sheep and Yaks provides baseline information for controlling BT in ruminants in western China.

  • Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Bluetongue Virus Infection in Tibetan Sheep and Yaks in Tibetan Plateau, China
    Hindawi Limited, 2017
    Co-Authors: Xiaoxua Zhang, Wenbi Zheng, Xingqua Zhu, Donghui Zhou
    Abstract:

    Bluetongue (BT), caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), is an arthropod-borne viral disease in ruminants. However, information about BTV infection in Yaks in China is limited. Moreover, no such data concerning BTV in Tibetan sheep is available. Therefore, 3771 serum samples were collected from 2187 Tibetan sheep and 1584 Yaks between April 2013 and March 2014 from Tibetan Plateau, western China, and tested for BTV antibodies using a commercially available ELISA kit. The overall seroprevalence of BTV was 17.34% (654/3771), with 20.3% (443/2187) in Tibetan sheep and 13.3% (211/1584) in Yaks. In the Tibetan sheep group, the seroprevalence of BTV in Luqu, Maqu, Tianzhu, and Nyingchi Prefecture was 20.3%, 20.8%, 20.5%, and 19.1%, respectively. The seroprevalence of BTV in different season groups varied from 16.5% to 23.4%. In the yak group, BTV seroprevalence was 12.6%, 15.5%, and 11.0% in Tianzhu, Maqu, and Luqu counties, respectively. The seroprevalence in different seasons was 12.6%, 15.5%, 15.4%, and 9.0% in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The season was the major risk factor concerning BTV infection in Yaks (P

  • seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine viral diarrhoea virus bvdv infection in Yaks bos grunniens in northwest china
    Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2016
    Co-Authors: Wei Cong, Fuheng Zhang, Shengyong Feng, Donghui Zhou, Yiming Wang, Xingqua Zhu
    Abstract:

    Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), a member of the Pestivirus genus, is an important pathogen of cattle worldwide, causing reproductive disorders in adult cattle and mucosal disease in calves. However, limited information about BVDV infection in Yaks (Bos grunniens) in China is available, especially in white Yaks which is a unique yak breed that only lives in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County (TTAC), Gansu Province, northwest China. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with BVDV infection in 1584 Yaks in Gansu province, northwest China, between April 2013 and March 2014 using an indirect ELISA test. The overall seroprevalence of BVDV in Yaks was 37.56 % (595/1584), with 45.08 % (275/610) in black Yaks and 32.85 % (320/974) in white Yaks. Moreover, positive Yaks were found in all four regions, varied from 33.22 to 40.31 %. Male Yaks had a similar seroprevalence (37.84 %) with that of the female Yaks (37.11 %). Season, species and geographical origins of Yaks were considered as risk factors analyzed by logistic regression model. To our knowledge, this is the first report of seroprevalence and risk factors associated with BVDV infection in white Yaks in China.

  • first report of bovine leukemia virus infection in Yaks bos mutus in china
    BioMed Research International, 2016
    Co-Authors: Wenbi Zheng, Donghui Zhou, Xingqua Zhu
    Abstract:

    Enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) is a chronic lymphosarcoma disease of cattle caused by bovine leukemia virus (BLV). No information is available concerning the epidemiology of BLV infection in Yaks (Bos mutus). One thousand five hundred and eighty-four serum samples from 610 black Yaks and 974 white Yaks from Gansu province, northwest China, were collected between April 2013 and March 2014 and tested for BLV antibodies using a commercially available ELISA kit. The overall BLV seroprevalence in Yaks was 21.09% (334/1584), with 24.26% (148/610) black Yaks and 19.10% (186/974) white Yaks yielding positive results. Risk factor analysis indicated that with the exception of breed (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.06-1.73, P < 0.05), the age, region, gender, farm, and the numbers of pregnancies were not considered as risk factors for the presence of BLV in Yaks included in this study. This is the first report of BLV infection in Yaks in China, which provides information for controlling BLV infection in Yaks.

Lihua Xiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in tibetan sheep and Yaks
    Parasitology Research, 2018
    Co-Authors: Qiang Zhang, Jinzhong Cai, Yaqiong Guo, Yaoyu Feng, Mengtong Lei, Li Wang, Lihua Xiao
    Abstract:

    Few studies have been conducted on the distribution of Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in Tibetan sheep and Yaks, which live outdoors in extreme climate with high altitude. In this study, fecal specimens from 312 Tibetan sheep and 554 Yaks in Qinghai, China, were collected and examined for E. bieneusi by PCR-sequence analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer. Among them, 73 (23.4%) specimens from Tibetan sheep and 40 (7.2%) from Yaks were positive for E. bieneusi. There were eight E. bieneusi genotypes in Tibetan sheep, including three known ones (BEB6, COS-I, and NESH5) and five novel ones (named as CHS13-CHS17). Similarly, seven E. bieneusi genotypes were found in Yaks, including five known ones (J, BEB4, BEB6, COS-I, and NESH5) and two novel ones (named as CHN13 and CHN14). Most of the E. bieneusi genotypes and all frequent ones identified in the study belonged to group 2. One new subgroup of genotypes was identified within group 1. The distribution of E. bieneusi genotypes was different between Tibetan sheep and Yaks, with BEB6 as the dominant one (42.5%) in Tibetan sheep and J as the dominant one (47.5%) in Yaks. These data support the occurrence of host adaptation among E. bieneusi genotypes within group 2.

  • multilocus genotyping of giardia duodenalis in tibetan sheep and Yaks in qinghai china
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jila Fei, Jinzhong Cai, Xiaola Wang, Yaqiong Guo, Yaoyu Feng, Lihua Xiao
    Abstract:

    Giardia duodenalis is a common gastrointestinal protozoon in mammals. Although many studies have been reported on the distribution of G. duodenalis genotypes in sheep and cattle raised under intensive farming, few studies are available on the distribution of G. duodenalis in Tibetan sheep and Yaks, which are raised free ranging in a continental plateau climate. In this study, 495 fecal specimens from Tibetan sheep and 605 from Yaks were collected from eight counties in Qinghai, China and analyzed for G. duodenalis by PCR targeting the β-giardin (bg), glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) genes. Based on PCR positivity at the bg locus, G. duodenalis occurrence rates were 13.1% (65/495) in Tibetan sheep and 10.4% (63/605) in Yaks. DNA sequence analysis identified the presence of G. duodenalis Assemblages A (in 10 Tibetan sheep and 2 Yaks) and E (in 51 Tibetan sheep and 60 Yaks). In addition, mixed infections of the two were identified in four Tibetan sheep and one yak. Among the sequences obtained in this study, 1, 10, and 2 new subtypes of Assemblage E were detected at the bg, gdh and tpi loci, respectively. Based on sequences from the three loci, 28 multilocus genotypes (MLGs) were obtained, including 27 MLGs in Assemblage E and one MLG in Assemblage A. Each MLG was found in no more than seven animals, with most MLGs forming host-specific clusters in phylogenetic analysis except for one cluster including MLGs from both Tibetan sheep and Yaks. Only two MLGs were found in both sheep and Yaks. The above results demonstrate a high subtype diversity of G. duodenalis Assemblage E in Tibetan sheep and Yaks raised in a traditional animal husbandry system and suggest that only limited cross-species transmission of G. duodenalis occurs between Yaks and sheep sharing pastures.

  • distribution of cryptosporidium species in tibetan sheep and Yaks in qinghai china
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jinzhong Cai, Yaoyu Feng, Mi Cai, Mengtong Lei, Liju Feng, Lihua Xiao
    Abstract:

    Few data are available on the distribution of Cryptosporidium species in Tibetan sheep and Yaks, which are free-range animals living in a cold, low oxygen, and high ultraviolet radiation habitat. In this study, 904 fecal specimens were collected from 350 Tibetan sheep and 554 Yaks in six counties. Cryptosporidium spp. were detected and differentiated by PCR and sequence analyses. Altogether, 43 (12.3%) Tibetan sheep and 158 (28.5%) Yaks were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. In Tibetan sheep, Cryptosporidium xiaoi (39/43, 90.7%) was the dominant species, with the remaining cases (4/43, 9.3%) by Cryptosporidium ubiquitum. All C. ubiquitum specimens belonged to the subtype family XIIa. In contrast, Cryptosporidium andersoni (72/158, 45.6%), Cryptosporidium bovis (47/158, 29.7%), Cryptosporidium ryanae cattle type (35/158, 22.2%), C. ryanae buffalo type (2/158, 1.3%), and Cryptosporidium suis-like (2/158, 1.3%) were identified in Yaks. Contradictory to previous observations, C. andersoni was one of the dominant Cryptosporidium species in Yaks in this study. Despite sharing habitats, Tibetan sheep and Yaks are evidently infected with different Cryptosporidium species.

  • occurrence and molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp in Yaks bos grunniens in china
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jinzhong Cai, Yaoyu Feng, Lihua Xiao
    Abstract:

    Compared with dairy and beef cattle, few data are available on the occurrence and distribution of Cryptosporidium species in Yaks, which live in a very different habitat. In this study, 327 fecal specimens were collected from Yaks in 4 counties in Qinghai Province of China and screened for Cryptosporidium by nested PCR analysis of the 18S rRNA gene. A total of 98 (30.0%) specimens were positive for Cryptosporidium. The occurrence of Cryptosporidium varied significantly among age groups; infection rates were 49.3% in weaned calves, 31.7% in yearlings, and 17.4% in adults. PCR products of all Cryptosporidium-positive specimens were successfully sequenced, with 56 specimens (57.1%) having C. bovis, 33 (33.7%) having C. ryanae, 2 (2.0%) having C. andersoni, 1 (1.0%) having C. ubiquitum, 1 (1.0%) having C. xiaoi, 2 (2.0%) having a novel genotype, and 3 (3.1%) having mixed infections of C. bovis and C. ryanae. There were some age-related differences in the distribution of Cryptosporidium species in post-weaned Yaks examined. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. andersoni, C. ubiquitum, C. xiaoi and a novel Cryptosporidium genotype in Yaks.

Jinzhong Cai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in tibetan sheep and Yaks
    Parasitology Research, 2018
    Co-Authors: Qiang Zhang, Jinzhong Cai, Yaqiong Guo, Yaoyu Feng, Mengtong Lei, Li Wang, Lihua Xiao
    Abstract:

    Few studies have been conducted on the distribution of Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in Tibetan sheep and Yaks, which live outdoors in extreme climate with high altitude. In this study, fecal specimens from 312 Tibetan sheep and 554 Yaks in Qinghai, China, were collected and examined for E. bieneusi by PCR-sequence analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer. Among them, 73 (23.4%) specimens from Tibetan sheep and 40 (7.2%) from Yaks were positive for E. bieneusi. There were eight E. bieneusi genotypes in Tibetan sheep, including three known ones (BEB6, COS-I, and NESH5) and five novel ones (named as CHS13-CHS17). Similarly, seven E. bieneusi genotypes were found in Yaks, including five known ones (J, BEB4, BEB6, COS-I, and NESH5) and two novel ones (named as CHN13 and CHN14). Most of the E. bieneusi genotypes and all frequent ones identified in the study belonged to group 2. One new subgroup of genotypes was identified within group 1. The distribution of E. bieneusi genotypes was different between Tibetan sheep and Yaks, with BEB6 as the dominant one (42.5%) in Tibetan sheep and J as the dominant one (47.5%) in Yaks. These data support the occurrence of host adaptation among E. bieneusi genotypes within group 2.

  • multilocus genotyping of giardia duodenalis in tibetan sheep and Yaks in qinghai china
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jila Fei, Jinzhong Cai, Xiaola Wang, Yaqiong Guo, Yaoyu Feng, Lihua Xiao
    Abstract:

    Giardia duodenalis is a common gastrointestinal protozoon in mammals. Although many studies have been reported on the distribution of G. duodenalis genotypes in sheep and cattle raised under intensive farming, few studies are available on the distribution of G. duodenalis in Tibetan sheep and Yaks, which are raised free ranging in a continental plateau climate. In this study, 495 fecal specimens from Tibetan sheep and 605 from Yaks were collected from eight counties in Qinghai, China and analyzed for G. duodenalis by PCR targeting the β-giardin (bg), glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) genes. Based on PCR positivity at the bg locus, G. duodenalis occurrence rates were 13.1% (65/495) in Tibetan sheep and 10.4% (63/605) in Yaks. DNA sequence analysis identified the presence of G. duodenalis Assemblages A (in 10 Tibetan sheep and 2 Yaks) and E (in 51 Tibetan sheep and 60 Yaks). In addition, mixed infections of the two were identified in four Tibetan sheep and one yak. Among the sequences obtained in this study, 1, 10, and 2 new subtypes of Assemblage E were detected at the bg, gdh and tpi loci, respectively. Based on sequences from the three loci, 28 multilocus genotypes (MLGs) were obtained, including 27 MLGs in Assemblage E and one MLG in Assemblage A. Each MLG was found in no more than seven animals, with most MLGs forming host-specific clusters in phylogenetic analysis except for one cluster including MLGs from both Tibetan sheep and Yaks. Only two MLGs were found in both sheep and Yaks. The above results demonstrate a high subtype diversity of G. duodenalis Assemblage E in Tibetan sheep and Yaks raised in a traditional animal husbandry system and suggest that only limited cross-species transmission of G. duodenalis occurs between Yaks and sheep sharing pastures.

  • distribution of cryptosporidium species in tibetan sheep and Yaks in qinghai china
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jinzhong Cai, Yaoyu Feng, Mi Cai, Mengtong Lei, Liju Feng, Lihua Xiao
    Abstract:

    Few data are available on the distribution of Cryptosporidium species in Tibetan sheep and Yaks, which are free-range animals living in a cold, low oxygen, and high ultraviolet radiation habitat. In this study, 904 fecal specimens were collected from 350 Tibetan sheep and 554 Yaks in six counties. Cryptosporidium spp. were detected and differentiated by PCR and sequence analyses. Altogether, 43 (12.3%) Tibetan sheep and 158 (28.5%) Yaks were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. In Tibetan sheep, Cryptosporidium xiaoi (39/43, 90.7%) was the dominant species, with the remaining cases (4/43, 9.3%) by Cryptosporidium ubiquitum. All C. ubiquitum specimens belonged to the subtype family XIIa. In contrast, Cryptosporidium andersoni (72/158, 45.6%), Cryptosporidium bovis (47/158, 29.7%), Cryptosporidium ryanae cattle type (35/158, 22.2%), C. ryanae buffalo type (2/158, 1.3%), and Cryptosporidium suis-like (2/158, 1.3%) were identified in Yaks. Contradictory to previous observations, C. andersoni was one of the dominant Cryptosporidium species in Yaks in this study. Despite sharing habitats, Tibetan sheep and Yaks are evidently infected with different Cryptosporidium species.

  • molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp and giardia duodenalis from Yaks in the central western region of china
    BMC Microbiology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Jinzhong Cai, Rongju Wang, Fuchu Jia, Jianying Huang, Hua Zhou, Longxia Zhang
    Abstract:

    Background Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are important causes of diarrheal diseases in humans and animals worldwide, and there is an increased interest in the role of animals in the mechanical transmission of these protozoa. To examine the role of Yaks in this process, we examined the occurrence and genotypes of Cryptosporidium and G. duodenalis in Yaks in western China.

  • occurrence and molecular characterization of cryptosporidium spp in Yaks bos grunniens in china
    Veterinary Parasitology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jinzhong Cai, Yaoyu Feng, Lihua Xiao
    Abstract:

    Compared with dairy and beef cattle, few data are available on the occurrence and distribution of Cryptosporidium species in Yaks, which live in a very different habitat. In this study, 327 fecal specimens were collected from Yaks in 4 counties in Qinghai Province of China and screened for Cryptosporidium by nested PCR analysis of the 18S rRNA gene. A total of 98 (30.0%) specimens were positive for Cryptosporidium. The occurrence of Cryptosporidium varied significantly among age groups; infection rates were 49.3% in weaned calves, 31.7% in yearlings, and 17.4% in adults. PCR products of all Cryptosporidium-positive specimens were successfully sequenced, with 56 specimens (57.1%) having C. bovis, 33 (33.7%) having C. ryanae, 2 (2.0%) having C. andersoni, 1 (1.0%) having C. ubiquitum, 1 (1.0%) having C. xiaoi, 2 (2.0%) having a novel genotype, and 3 (3.1%) having mixed infections of C. bovis and C. ryanae. There were some age-related differences in the distribution of Cryptosporidium species in post-weaned Yaks examined. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. andersoni, C. ubiquitum, C. xiaoi and a novel Cryptosporidium genotype in Yaks.

Meng Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Chuzan Virus in Yaks, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China
    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018
    Co-Authors: Meng Wang, Lili Tia, Abdul Rasheed Aloch, Yu Wang, Shaobo Che, Qiaoying Zeng
    Abstract:

    We detected Chuzan virus (CHUV) in domestic Yaks from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, western China, indicating CHUV probably has been transmitted to Yaks in recent years. Awareness for CHUV surveillance and transmission and livestock health management in these special regions should be raised to avoid outbreaks and animal loss

  • Molecular epidemiology and characterization of bovine leukemia virus in domestic Yaks (Bos grunniens) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China
    Archives of Virology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Meng Wang, Abdul Rasheed Baloch, Yangyang Pan, Lili Tian, Yun Wang, Fang Xu, Qiaoying Zeng
    Abstract:

    Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a member of the genus Deltaretrovirus of the family Retroviridae and cause a chronic lymphosarcoma, which is extensive in cattle. In Yaks (Bos grunniens), the distribution, strains and genetic characteristics of BLV have rarely been studied. The aim of our study was to investigate BLV infections in domestic Yaks and determine the genetic variability of BLV circulating in a region of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, China. Blood samples were collected from 798 Yaks, which were from different farms from Gansu, Qinghai and Sichuan provinces surrounding the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Nested PCR targeting BLV long terminal repeats was used to detect the BLV provirus. The highest prevalence of BLV infection was in Gansu province, where it was 18.93% (39/206) in white Yaks from Tianzhu City and 19.14% (31/162) in black Yaks from Gannan City. In Qinghai and Sichuan provinces, the prevalence of BLV in black Yaks was 14.83% (35/236) and 14.94% (29/194), respectively. The prevalence of BLV was not significantly different in Yaks up to one year old than in older animals. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using 16 different env-gp51 (497-bp) gene sequences from the three provinces and 71 known BLV strains, which revealed that in both Gansu and Qinghai provinces, genotypes 6 and 10 of the BLV strains were at high levels, whereas only genotype 10 was prevalent in Sichuan Province. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparisons revealed 95.7-99.8% sequence identity among the full-length env genes of 16 strains, nearly full-length genome sequences of six BLV strains, and those of the known genotypes 6 and 10 of BLV. This study provides comprehensive information is regarding the widespread infection of domestic Yaks with BLV on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China, and shows that at least two BLV genotypes (genotypes 6 and 10) are circulating in this population.

  • epidemiological investigation and risk factors of echinococcus granulosus in Yaks bos grunniens tibetan pigs and tibetans on qinghai tibetan plateau
    Acta Tropica, 2017
    Co-Authors: Lihong Zhang, Muhammad Shahzad, Khalid Mehmood, Hui Zhang, Houqiang Luo, Zhixi Lei, Meng Wang
    Abstract:

    Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) is a diverse zoonotic parasite and causes Cystic echinococcosis (CE) disease in humans and livestock. However, scare information is available about the epidemic situation of E. granulosus infection in Yaks, Tibetan pigs and native Tibetans on the Qinghai Tibetan plateau. Therefore, a study was carried out to find prevalence and risk factors of E. granulosus in Yaks, Tibetan pigs and Tibetans. Serum samples from Yaks (1371), Tibetan pigs (454) and Tibetans (600) were collected and assessed by commercial ELISA kits. Multivariable logistic regression model was performed to find the variables possibly associated with exposure of E. granulosus infection in Yaks, Tibetan pigs and Tibetan. The overall prevalence of E. granulosus in Yaks was 6.49%. In different regions, the prevalence were ranged from 3.43% to 11.79%. In male and female Yaks, the prevalence was 5.67% and 7.04%, respectively. In different ages, the prevalence were ranged from 2.20% to 10.9%. While, in different years, the prevalence was 3.61% in 2014, 9.66% in 2015, and 6.33% in 2016. According to the conditional stepwise logistic regression, three factors (region, age and year) were demonstrated to be risk factors influencing the prevalence of E. granulosus in Yaks significantly (P 0.05). The present results reported the prevalence and associated risk factors of E. granulosus in Yaks, Tibetan pigs and native Tibetans. These findings could have important epidemiological significance and a direct influence on the remote plateau.

  • first detection of ungulate tetraparvovirus 1 bovine hokovirus 1 in domestic Yaks in northwestern china
    Archives of Virology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Meng Wang, Lili Tia, Abdul Rasheed Aloch, Qiaoying Zeng
    Abstract:

    We describe the discovery and phylogenetic analysis of ungulate tetraparvovirus 1 (also referred to as bovine hokovirus 1, B-PARV4, or partetravirus) in domestic Yaks (Bos grunniens) in northwestern China. The yak B-PARV4 genome was detected in yak blood samples by PCR, using B-PARV4 primers corresponding to conserved regions. Twenty-two of 370 samples were positive for a B-PARV4-related genome sequence, indicating an overall prevalence of 5.95 %. The prevalence in Qinghai Province (13/195, 6.67 %) and Gansu Province (9/175, 5.14 %) was similar, but it varied significantly between Yaks ≤ 1 year old (15/177, 8.47 %) and Yaks > 1 year old (7/193, 3.6 %) (p < 0.05). An alignment of the nearly full-length genome sequences of all 22 strains identified six different genomic sequences. A phylogenetic analysis revealed 99.0–99.7 % sequence identity between these six genomes and all known B-PARV4 genomes, excluding JF504698 (only 88.6 % identity), which represents another genotype. This is the first discovery of B-PARV4-related viruses in domestic Yaks.

  • serological survey of toxoplasma gondii in tibetan mastiffs canis lupus familiaris and Yaks bos grunniens in qinghai china
    Parasites & Vectors, 2012
    Co-Authors: Meng Wang, Yanhua Wang, Peng Meng, Deli Zhang
    Abstract:

    Background Toxoplasma gondii is an amphixenosis which has extensive hosts. In recent years, the prevalence of T. gondii in China has been reported, while little is known on the survey of T. gondii infection in northwest China, especially in Yaks (Bos grunniens) and Tibetan mastiffs (Canis lupus familiaris). The current study survey the infection of T. gondii in Tibetan mastiffs and Yaks in Qinghai Province, China.