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Yuanchao Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Image_5_The MADS-box Transcription Factor PsMAD1 Is Involved in Zoosporogenesis and Pathogenesis of Phytophthora sojae.JPEG
2018Co-Authors: Long Lin, Mingrun Xuan, Jian Gao, Yonglin Wang, Yan Wang, Suomeng Dong, Yuanchao WangAbstract:Transcriptional regulation is critical for plant pathogen development and virulence. MADS-box transcription factors belong to a highly conserved transcriptional regulator family in eukaryotic organisms that are involved in various important biological processes. Only one predicted MADS-box gene, PsMAD1, was identified in Phytophthora sojae, which was highly expressed during the sporangia and infection stages. To investigate its function, we generated PsMAD1 knockout mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Compared with the wild-type strain, the mutants showed no changes in vegetative growth, oospore production, or no differences in sensitivity to various abiotic stresses. Although sporangia production was normal, no Zoospore release was detected in PsMAD1 mutants. Microscopy analyses revealed failure of cleavage of the cytoplasm into uninucleate Zoospores in the mutants. In addition, the mutants showed reduced virulence in soybean. RNA-seq data indicated that PsMAD1 may regulate many Zoospore development and infection associated genes. Thus, PsMAD1 may be a major regulator of P. sojae involved in zoosporogenesis and pathogenesis.
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Table_1_The MADS-box Transcription Factor PsMAD1 Is Involved in Zoosporogenesis and Pathogenesis of Phytophthora sojae.XLSX
2018Co-Authors: Long Lin, Mingrun Xuan, Jian Gao, Yonglin Wang, Yan Wang, Suomeng Dong, Yuanchao WangAbstract:Transcriptional regulation is critical for plant pathogen development and virulence. MADS-box transcription factors belong to a highly conserved transcriptional regulator family in eukaryotic organisms that are involved in various important biological processes. Only one predicted MADS-box gene, PsMAD1, was identified in Phytophthora sojae, which was highly expressed during the sporangia and infection stages. To investigate its function, we generated PsMAD1 knockout mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Compared with the wild-type strain, the mutants showed no changes in vegetative growth, oospore production, or no differences in sensitivity to various abiotic stresses. Although sporangia production was normal, no Zoospore release was detected in PsMAD1 mutants. Microscopy analyses revealed failure of cleavage of the cytoplasm into uninucleate Zoospores in the mutants. In addition, the mutants showed reduced virulence in soybean. RNA-seq data indicated that PsMAD1 may regulate many Zoospore development and infection associated genes. Thus, PsMAD1 may be a major regulator of P. sojae involved in zoosporogenesis and pathogenesis.
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pssak1 a stress activated map kinase of phytophthora sojae is required for Zoospore viability and infection of soybean
Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions, 2010Co-Authors: Yonglin Wang, Suomeng Dong, Kai Tao, Qian Huang, Tingting Dai, Xiaobo Zheng, Yuanchao WangAbstract:Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are universal and evolutionarily conserved signal transduction modules in all eukaryotic cells. In this study, PsSAK1, which encodes a stress-activated MAPK of Phytophthora sojae, was identified. PsSAK1 is highly conserved in oomycetes, and it represents a novel group of MAPK due to its pleckstrin homology domain. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that PsSAK1 expression was upregulated in Zoospores and cysts and during early infection. In addition, its expression was induced by osmotic and oxidative stress mediated by NaCl and H2O2, respectively. To elucidate the function, the expression of PsSAK1 was silenced using stable transformation of P. sojae. The silencing of PsSAK1 did not impair hyphal growth, sporulation, or oospore production but severely hindered Zoospore development, in that the silenced strains showed quicker encystment and a lower germination ratio than the wild type. PsSAK1-silenced mutants produced much longer...
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gpr11 a putative seven transmembrane g protein coupled receptor controls Zoospore development and virulence of phytophthora sojae
Eukaryotic Cell, 2010Co-Authors: Yonglin Wang, Xiaobo Zheng, Xiaoli Wang, Xin Zhang, Wei Zhao, Daolong Dou, Yuanchao WangAbstract:G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a large receptor family involved in a broad spectrum of cell signaling. To understand signaling mechanisms mediated by GPCRs in Phytophthora sojae, we identified and characterized the PsGPR11 gene, which encodes a putative seven-transmembrane GPCR. An expression analysis revealed that PsGPR11 was differentially expressed during asexual development. The highest expression level occurred in Zoospores and was upregulated during early infection. PsGPR11-deficienct transformants were obtained by gene silencing strategies. Silenced transformants exhibited no differences in hyphal growth or morphology, sporangium production or size, or mating behavior. However, the release of Zoospores from sporangia was severely impaired in the silenced transformants, and about 50% of the sporangia did not completely release their Zoospores. Zoospore encystment and germination were also impaired, and Zoospores of the transformants lost their pathogenicity to soybean. In addition, no interaction was observed between PsGPR11 and PsGPA1 with a conventional yeast two-hybrid assay, and the transcriptional levels of some genes which were identified as being negatively regulated by PsGPA1 were not clearly altered in PsGPR11-silenced mutants. These results suggest that PsGPR11-mediated signaling controls P. sojae Zoospore development and virulence through the pathways independent of G protein.
Yonglin Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Image_5_The MADS-box Transcription Factor PsMAD1 Is Involved in Zoosporogenesis and Pathogenesis of Phytophthora sojae.JPEG
2018Co-Authors: Long Lin, Mingrun Xuan, Jian Gao, Yonglin Wang, Yan Wang, Suomeng Dong, Yuanchao WangAbstract:Transcriptional regulation is critical for plant pathogen development and virulence. MADS-box transcription factors belong to a highly conserved transcriptional regulator family in eukaryotic organisms that are involved in various important biological processes. Only one predicted MADS-box gene, PsMAD1, was identified in Phytophthora sojae, which was highly expressed during the sporangia and infection stages. To investigate its function, we generated PsMAD1 knockout mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Compared with the wild-type strain, the mutants showed no changes in vegetative growth, oospore production, or no differences in sensitivity to various abiotic stresses. Although sporangia production was normal, no Zoospore release was detected in PsMAD1 mutants. Microscopy analyses revealed failure of cleavage of the cytoplasm into uninucleate Zoospores in the mutants. In addition, the mutants showed reduced virulence in soybean. RNA-seq data indicated that PsMAD1 may regulate many Zoospore development and infection associated genes. Thus, PsMAD1 may be a major regulator of P. sojae involved in zoosporogenesis and pathogenesis.
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Table_1_The MADS-box Transcription Factor PsMAD1 Is Involved in Zoosporogenesis and Pathogenesis of Phytophthora sojae.XLSX
2018Co-Authors: Long Lin, Mingrun Xuan, Jian Gao, Yonglin Wang, Yan Wang, Suomeng Dong, Yuanchao WangAbstract:Transcriptional regulation is critical for plant pathogen development and virulence. MADS-box transcription factors belong to a highly conserved transcriptional regulator family in eukaryotic organisms that are involved in various important biological processes. Only one predicted MADS-box gene, PsMAD1, was identified in Phytophthora sojae, which was highly expressed during the sporangia and infection stages. To investigate its function, we generated PsMAD1 knockout mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Compared with the wild-type strain, the mutants showed no changes in vegetative growth, oospore production, or no differences in sensitivity to various abiotic stresses. Although sporangia production was normal, no Zoospore release was detected in PsMAD1 mutants. Microscopy analyses revealed failure of cleavage of the cytoplasm into uninucleate Zoospores in the mutants. In addition, the mutants showed reduced virulence in soybean. RNA-seq data indicated that PsMAD1 may regulate many Zoospore development and infection associated genes. Thus, PsMAD1 may be a major regulator of P. sojae involved in zoosporogenesis and pathogenesis.
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pssak1 a stress activated map kinase of phytophthora sojae is required for Zoospore viability and infection of soybean
Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions, 2010Co-Authors: Yonglin Wang, Suomeng Dong, Kai Tao, Qian Huang, Tingting Dai, Xiaobo Zheng, Yuanchao WangAbstract:Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are universal and evolutionarily conserved signal transduction modules in all eukaryotic cells. In this study, PsSAK1, which encodes a stress-activated MAPK of Phytophthora sojae, was identified. PsSAK1 is highly conserved in oomycetes, and it represents a novel group of MAPK due to its pleckstrin homology domain. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that PsSAK1 expression was upregulated in Zoospores and cysts and during early infection. In addition, its expression was induced by osmotic and oxidative stress mediated by NaCl and H2O2, respectively. To elucidate the function, the expression of PsSAK1 was silenced using stable transformation of P. sojae. The silencing of PsSAK1 did not impair hyphal growth, sporulation, or oospore production but severely hindered Zoospore development, in that the silenced strains showed quicker encystment and a lower germination ratio than the wild type. PsSAK1-silenced mutants produced much longer...
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gpr11 a putative seven transmembrane g protein coupled receptor controls Zoospore development and virulence of phytophthora sojae
Eukaryotic Cell, 2010Co-Authors: Yonglin Wang, Xiaobo Zheng, Xiaoli Wang, Xin Zhang, Wei Zhao, Daolong Dou, Yuanchao WangAbstract:G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a large receptor family involved in a broad spectrum of cell signaling. To understand signaling mechanisms mediated by GPCRs in Phytophthora sojae, we identified and characterized the PsGPR11 gene, which encodes a putative seven-transmembrane GPCR. An expression analysis revealed that PsGPR11 was differentially expressed during asexual development. The highest expression level occurred in Zoospores and was upregulated during early infection. PsGPR11-deficienct transformants were obtained by gene silencing strategies. Silenced transformants exhibited no differences in hyphal growth or morphology, sporangium production or size, or mating behavior. However, the release of Zoospores from sporangia was severely impaired in the silenced transformants, and about 50% of the sporangia did not completely release their Zoospores. Zoospore encystment and germination were also impaired, and Zoospores of the transformants lost their pathogenicity to soybean. In addition, no interaction was observed between PsGPR11 and PsGPA1 with a conventional yeast two-hybrid assay, and the transcriptional levels of some genes which were identified as being negatively regulated by PsGPA1 were not clearly altered in PsGPR11-silenced mutants. These results suggest that PsGPR11-mediated signaling controls P. sojae Zoospore development and virulence through the pathways independent of G protein.
Chuanxue Hong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Zoospore exudates from Phytophthora nicotianae affect immune responses in Arabidopsis.
PloS one, 2017Co-Authors: Ping Kong, John M. Mcdowell, Chuanxue HongAbstract:Zoospore exudates play important roles in promoting Zoospore communication, homing and germination during plant infection by Phytophthora. However, it is not clear whether exudates affect plant immunity. Zoospore-free fluid (ZFF) and Zoospores of P. nicotianae were investigated comparatively for effects on resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 and mutants that affect signaling mediated by salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA): eds16 (enhanced disease susceptibility16), pad4 (phytoalexin deficient4), and npr1 (nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes1). Col-0 attracted more Zoospores and had severe tissue damage when flooded with a Zoospore suspension in ZFF. Mutants treated with ZFF alone developed disease symptoms similar to those inoculated with Zoospores and requirements of EDS16 and PAD4 for plant responses to Zoospores and the exudates was apparent. Zoospore and ZFFs also induced expression of the PR1 and PDF1.2 marker genes for defense regulated by SA and JA, respectively. However, ZFF affected more JA defense signaling, down regulating PR1 when SA signaling or synthesis is deficient, which may be responsible for Arabidopsis mutant plants more susceptible to infection by high concentration of P. nicotianae Zoospores. These results suggest that Zoospore exudates can function as virulence factors and inducers of plant immune responses during plant infection by Phytophthora.
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effects of hydrostatic pressure agitation and co2 stress on phytophthora nicotianae Zoospore survival
Pest Management Science, 2010Co-Authors: M O Ahonsi, Thomas J Banko, Stargel Doane, A O Demuren, Warren E Copes, Chuanxue HongAbstract:BACKGROUND:Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan is a common pathogen of ornamental plants in recycled irrigation systems. In a previous study, annual vinca (Catharanthus roseus Don) inoculated with Zoospore suspensions using a CO2-pressurized sprayer had less foliage blight than plants inoculated using a hand sprayer. Here, the impact of hydrostatic pressure, agitation and aeration with CO2 on the survival of P. nicotianae Zoospores was examined. RESULTS: Exposure of Zoospores to 840 kPa hydrostatic pressure for 8 min or agitation at a mixing intensity (G) of 6483 s−1 for 4 min at 22–23 °C did not kill Zoospores, but resulted in viable cysts. Motile and forcefully encysted Zoospores of P. nicotianae were equally infectious on vinca or lupine (Lupinus polyphylus Lindl.). Bubbling CO2 into Zoospore-infested water at 110.4 mL (0.2 g) min−1 for 5 min caused 81% reduction in the number of germinated Zoospores. Pressure at 630 kPa (16.3 g CO2) or 70 kPa (3.85 g CO2) facilitated CO2 injection and shortened the Zoospore inactivation time to 30 s. When air was bubbled through the suspension, germination was similar to the control. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to CO2 killed P. nicotianae Zoospores in water. Neither pressure nor agitation had an effect on Zoospore viability or infectivity. Based on results of this study, the authors designed a recycling CO2 water treatment system that is currently under evaluation. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
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Zoospore density dependent behaviors of phytophthora nicotianae are autoregulated by extracellular products
Phytopathology, 2010Co-Authors: Ping Kong, Chuanxue HongAbstract:ABSTRACT Phytophthora species are destructive fungus-like plant pathogens that use asexual single-celled flagellate Zoospores for dispersal and plant infection. Many of the Zoospore behaviors are density-dependent although the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we use P. nicotianae as a model and demonstrate autoregulation of some Zoospore behaviors using signal molecules that Zoospores release into the environment. Specifically, Zoospore aggregation, plant targeting, and infection required or were enhanced by threshold concentrations of these signal molecules. Below the threshold concentration, Zoospores did not aggregate and move toward a cauline leaf of Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-0) and failed to individually attack annual vinca (Catharanthus roseus cv. Little Bright Eye). These processes were reversed when supplemented with Zoospore-free fluid (ZFF) prepared from a Zoospore suspension above threshold densities but not with calcium chloride at a concentration equivalent to extracellular ...
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Zoospore density-dependent behaviors of Phytophthora nicotianae are autoregulated by extracellular products.
Phytopathology, 2010Co-Authors: Ping Kong, Chuanxue HongAbstract:Kong, P., and Hong, C. 2010. Zoospore density-dependent behaviors of Phytophthora nicotianae are autoregulated by extracellular products. Phytopathology 100:632-637. Phytophthora species are destructive fungus-like plant pathogens that use asexual single-celled flagellate Zoospores for dispersal and plant infection. Many of the Zoospore behaviors are density-dependent although the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we use P. nicotianae as a model and demonstrate autoregulation of some Zoospore behaviors using signal molecules that Zoospores release into the environment. Specifically, Zoospore aggregation, plant targeting, and infection required or were enhanced by threshold concentrations of these signal molecules. Below the threshold concentration, Zoospores did not aggregate and move toward a cauline leaf of Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-0) and failed to individually attack annual vinca (Catharanthus roseus cv. Little Bright Eye). These processes were reversed when supplemented with Zoosporefree fluid (ZFF) prepared from a Zoospore suspension above threshold densities but not with calcium chloride at a concentration equivalent to extracellular Ca2+ in ZFF. These results suggest that Ca2+ is not a primary signal molecule regulating these communal behaviors. Zoospores coordinated their communal behaviors by releasing, detecting, and responding to signal molecules. This chemical communication mechanism raises the possibility that Phytophthora plant infection may not depend solely on Zoospore number in the real world. Single Zoospore infection may take place if it is signaled by a common molecule available in the environment which contributes to the destructiveness of these plant pathogens.
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A simple in-vitro 'wet-plate' method for mass production of Phytophthora nicotianae Zoospores and factors influencing Zoospore production.
Journal of microbiological methods, 2007Co-Authors: M O Ahonsi, Thomas J Banko, Chuanxue HongAbstract:A simple in-vitro ‘wet-plate’ method for mass-producing Phytophthora nicotianae Zoospores at ≥1.0×10 6 Zoospores/ml is described. Temperature critically affected Zoospore production; 22 °C was optimum, while 36 °C was completely inhibitory. Zoospores being the most important propagule of P. nicotianae, temperature of recycled irrigation water may be manipulated to reduce diseases in irrigated nursery crops. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Fabrice Rebeille - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Zoospores of the thraustochytrid Aurantiochytrium limacinum: Transcriptional reprogramming and lipid metabolism associated to their specific functions.
Environmental Microbiology, 2020Co-Authors: Younes Dellero, Christian Morabito, Eric Marechal, Alberto Amato, Cécile Maës, Martin Schuler, Caroline Bournaud, Riccardo Aiese Cigliano, Fabrice RebeilleAbstract:Aurantiochytrium limacinum (Thraustochytriaceae, class Labyrinthulomycetes) is a marine Stramenopile and a pioneering mangrove decomposer. Its life cycle involves a non-motile stage and Zoospore production. We observed that the composition of the medium, the presence of amino acids in particular, affects the release of Zoospores. Two opposite conditions were defined, one with a cell population mainly composed of Zoospores and another one with almost only non-motile cells. In silico allelic frequency analysis and flow cytometry suggest that Zoospores and non-motile cells share the same ploidy level and are diploid. Through an RNA-seq approach, the transcriptional reprogramming accompanying the formation of Zoospores was investigated, with a particular focus on their lipid metabolism. Based on a differential expression analysis, Zoospores are characterized by high motility, very active signal transduction, an arrest of the cell division, a low amino acid metabolism and low glycolysis. Focusing on lipid metabolism, genes involved in lipase activities and peroxisomal β-oxidation are upregulated. qRT-PCR of selected lipid genes and lipid analyses during the life span of Zoospores confirmed these observations. These results highlight the importance of the lipid dynamics in Zoospores and show the metabolic processes required to use these energy-dense molecules as fuel for Zoospore survival during their quest of new territories.
Suomeng Dong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Image_5_The MADS-box Transcription Factor PsMAD1 Is Involved in Zoosporogenesis and Pathogenesis of Phytophthora sojae.JPEG
2018Co-Authors: Long Lin, Mingrun Xuan, Jian Gao, Yonglin Wang, Yan Wang, Suomeng Dong, Yuanchao WangAbstract:Transcriptional regulation is critical for plant pathogen development and virulence. MADS-box transcription factors belong to a highly conserved transcriptional regulator family in eukaryotic organisms that are involved in various important biological processes. Only one predicted MADS-box gene, PsMAD1, was identified in Phytophthora sojae, which was highly expressed during the sporangia and infection stages. To investigate its function, we generated PsMAD1 knockout mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Compared with the wild-type strain, the mutants showed no changes in vegetative growth, oospore production, or no differences in sensitivity to various abiotic stresses. Although sporangia production was normal, no Zoospore release was detected in PsMAD1 mutants. Microscopy analyses revealed failure of cleavage of the cytoplasm into uninucleate Zoospores in the mutants. In addition, the mutants showed reduced virulence in soybean. RNA-seq data indicated that PsMAD1 may regulate many Zoospore development and infection associated genes. Thus, PsMAD1 may be a major regulator of P. sojae involved in zoosporogenesis and pathogenesis.
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Table_1_The MADS-box Transcription Factor PsMAD1 Is Involved in Zoosporogenesis and Pathogenesis of Phytophthora sojae.XLSX
2018Co-Authors: Long Lin, Mingrun Xuan, Jian Gao, Yonglin Wang, Yan Wang, Suomeng Dong, Yuanchao WangAbstract:Transcriptional regulation is critical for plant pathogen development and virulence. MADS-box transcription factors belong to a highly conserved transcriptional regulator family in eukaryotic organisms that are involved in various important biological processes. Only one predicted MADS-box gene, PsMAD1, was identified in Phytophthora sojae, which was highly expressed during the sporangia and infection stages. To investigate its function, we generated PsMAD1 knockout mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Compared with the wild-type strain, the mutants showed no changes in vegetative growth, oospore production, or no differences in sensitivity to various abiotic stresses. Although sporangia production was normal, no Zoospore release was detected in PsMAD1 mutants. Microscopy analyses revealed failure of cleavage of the cytoplasm into uninucleate Zoospores in the mutants. In addition, the mutants showed reduced virulence in soybean. RNA-seq data indicated that PsMAD1 may regulate many Zoospore development and infection associated genes. Thus, PsMAD1 may be a major regulator of P. sojae involved in zoosporogenesis and pathogenesis.
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pssak1 a stress activated map kinase of phytophthora sojae is required for Zoospore viability and infection of soybean
Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions, 2010Co-Authors: Yonglin Wang, Suomeng Dong, Kai Tao, Qian Huang, Tingting Dai, Xiaobo Zheng, Yuanchao WangAbstract:Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are universal and evolutionarily conserved signal transduction modules in all eukaryotic cells. In this study, PsSAK1, which encodes a stress-activated MAPK of Phytophthora sojae, was identified. PsSAK1 is highly conserved in oomycetes, and it represents a novel group of MAPK due to its pleckstrin homology domain. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that PsSAK1 expression was upregulated in Zoospores and cysts and during early infection. In addition, its expression was induced by osmotic and oxidative stress mediated by NaCl and H2O2, respectively. To elucidate the function, the expression of PsSAK1 was silenced using stable transformation of P. sojae. The silencing of PsSAK1 did not impair hyphal growth, sporulation, or oospore production but severely hindered Zoospore development, in that the silenced strains showed quicker encystment and a lower germination ratio than the wild type. PsSAK1-silenced mutants produced much longer...
