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Marc A. Mills - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessment of the Abiotic Transformation of 17β estradiol in the presence of vegetable matter ii the role of molecular oxygen
Chemosphere, 2012Co-Authors: Ruth Marfilvega, Makram T. Suidan, Marc A. MillsAbstract:Abstract This study characterizes the effect of oxygen in the Abiotic Transformation of estrogens when they are contacted with a surrogate of the vegetable wastes found in sewage. 17β-Estradiol (E2) and 17β- 14 C 4 -estradiol ( 14 C-E2) were utilized as model compounds. Batch experiments were run under both oxic and anoxic conditions. In order to accomplish an accurate mass balance of the target estrogen, two analyses were performed simultaneously: first, radioactivity counting, and second, quantitation of E2 and 14 C-E2, as well as their Transformation product estrone and 14 C 4 -estrone, by Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry. Under oxic conditions, the total concentration of 14 C-E2 was found to decrease by 78% in 72 h (15% and 7% remained in the liquid and solid phases, respectively). Conversely, when the estrogens were contacted with the synthetic influent under anoxic conditions, E2 was quantitatively recovered after 72 h (70% and 22% in aqueous and solid matrices, correspondingly). These results suggest that when the concentration of dissolved oxygen is null or limited, catalysis through an oxidative coupling mechanism is halted. Moreover, it was confirmed that the catalytic reaction occurred solely in the presence of the solid phase of the model vegetable matter.
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Assessment of the Abiotic Transformation of 17β-estradiol in the presence of vegetable matter – II: The role of molecular oxygen
Chemosphere, 2012Co-Authors: Ruth Marfil-vega, Makram T. Suidan, Marc A. MillsAbstract:Abstract This study characterizes the effect of oxygen in the Abiotic Transformation of estrogens when they are contacted with a surrogate of the vegetable wastes found in sewage. 17β-Estradiol (E2) and 17β- 14 C 4 -estradiol ( 14 C-E2) were utilized as model compounds. Batch experiments were run under both oxic and anoxic conditions. In order to accomplish an accurate mass balance of the target estrogen, two analyses were performed simultaneously: first, radioactivity counting, and second, quantitation of E2 and 14 C-E2, as well as their Transformation product estrone and 14 C 4 -estrone, by Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry. Under oxic conditions, the total concentration of 14 C-E2 was found to decrease by 78% in 72 h (15% and 7% remained in the liquid and solid phases, respectively). Conversely, when the estrogens were contacted with the synthetic influent under anoxic conditions, E2 was quantitatively recovered after 72 h (70% and 22% in aqueous and solid matrices, correspondingly). These results suggest that when the concentration of dissolved oxygen is null or limited, catalysis through an oxidative coupling mechanism is halted. Moreover, it was confirmed that the catalytic reaction occurred solely in the presence of the solid phase of the model vegetable matter.
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Assessment of the Abiotic Transformation of 17β-estradiol in the presence of vegetable matter.
Chemosphere, 2010Co-Authors: Ruth Marfil-vega, Makram T. Suidan, Marc A. MillsAbstract:Abstract A study using 17β- 14 C 4 -estradiol ( 14 C-E2) was performed to confirm and characterize the catalytic Transformation of estrogens in the presence of a model vegetable matter (namely rabbit food) as a surrogate material for vegetable wastes found in sewage. Results corroborated the occurrence of an Abiotic Transformation. Unknown Transformation byproduct(s) accounted, respectively, for 38% and 9% of the initial radioactivity in liquid and extractable solid phases after 72 h; on the other hand, only 15% and 7% of this radioactivity corresponded to 14 C-E2 in those same matrices. Mass balance was closed including the radioactivity irreversibly bounded to the solid phase. Formation of 14 C 4 -estrone was monitored by Liquid Chromatography with tandem Mass Spectrometry detection; negative results were found in all sampling events. This process could be harnessed to optimize sustainable technologies for the removal of phenolic microcontaminants from wastewater.
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Abiotic Transformation of estrogens in synthetic municipal wastewater an alternative for treatment
Environmental Pollution, 2010Co-Authors: Ruth Marfilvega, Makram T. Suidan, Marc A. MillsAbstract:The Abiotic Transformation of estrogens, including estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) and ethinylestradiol (EE2), in the presence of model vegetable matter was confirmed in this study. Batch experiments were performed to model the catalytic conversion of E1, E2, E3 and EE2 in synthetic wastewater. Greater than 80% reduction in the parent compounds was achieved for each target chemical after 72 h with the remaining concentration distributed between aqueous and solid phases as follows: 13% and 7% for E1, 10% and 2% for E2, 6% and 2% for E3, and 8% and 3% for EE2, respectively. Testosterone, androstenedione and progesterone were also monitored in this study, and their concentrations were found to be in agreement with initially spiked amount. Data collected under laboratory conditions provided the basis for implementing new Abiotic wastewater treatment technologies that use inexpensive materials.
Makram T. Suidan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Attenuation of 17α-ethynylestradiol onto model vegetable waste
Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 2018Co-Authors: Ramez M. Zayyat, Makram T. SuidanAbstract:Estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), and estriol (E3) are estrogens that can result in endocrine disrupting effects, impacting reproduction and development in human and wildlife populations. The efficiency of rabbit food (RF) as a model vegetable material in the removal of EE2 was investigated using column experiments where flow rate and mass of RF utilized were varied. Experimental data confirmed that the further delay in breakthrough of EE2 onto RF was observed with the increasing mass of RF and lower flow rates. The attenuation capacity of RF ranged between 64 and 232 μg/g. Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models were used to analyze the column experimental data. The data collected showed the occurrence of Abiotic Transformation and provided a viable approach for implementing such a process in the treatment of EE2.
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assessment of the Abiotic Transformation of 17β estradiol in the presence of vegetable matter ii the role of molecular oxygen
Chemosphere, 2012Co-Authors: Ruth Marfilvega, Makram T. Suidan, Marc A. MillsAbstract:Abstract This study characterizes the effect of oxygen in the Abiotic Transformation of estrogens when they are contacted with a surrogate of the vegetable wastes found in sewage. 17β-Estradiol (E2) and 17β- 14 C 4 -estradiol ( 14 C-E2) were utilized as model compounds. Batch experiments were run under both oxic and anoxic conditions. In order to accomplish an accurate mass balance of the target estrogen, two analyses were performed simultaneously: first, radioactivity counting, and second, quantitation of E2 and 14 C-E2, as well as their Transformation product estrone and 14 C 4 -estrone, by Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry. Under oxic conditions, the total concentration of 14 C-E2 was found to decrease by 78% in 72 h (15% and 7% remained in the liquid and solid phases, respectively). Conversely, when the estrogens were contacted with the synthetic influent under anoxic conditions, E2 was quantitatively recovered after 72 h (70% and 22% in aqueous and solid matrices, correspondingly). These results suggest that when the concentration of dissolved oxygen is null or limited, catalysis through an oxidative coupling mechanism is halted. Moreover, it was confirmed that the catalytic reaction occurred solely in the presence of the solid phase of the model vegetable matter.
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Assessment of the Abiotic Transformation of 17β-estradiol in the presence of vegetable matter – II: The role of molecular oxygen
Chemosphere, 2012Co-Authors: Ruth Marfil-vega, Makram T. Suidan, Marc A. MillsAbstract:Abstract This study characterizes the effect of oxygen in the Abiotic Transformation of estrogens when they are contacted with a surrogate of the vegetable wastes found in sewage. 17β-Estradiol (E2) and 17β- 14 C 4 -estradiol ( 14 C-E2) were utilized as model compounds. Batch experiments were run under both oxic and anoxic conditions. In order to accomplish an accurate mass balance of the target estrogen, two analyses were performed simultaneously: first, radioactivity counting, and second, quantitation of E2 and 14 C-E2, as well as their Transformation product estrone and 14 C 4 -estrone, by Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry. Under oxic conditions, the total concentration of 14 C-E2 was found to decrease by 78% in 72 h (15% and 7% remained in the liquid and solid phases, respectively). Conversely, when the estrogens were contacted with the synthetic influent under anoxic conditions, E2 was quantitatively recovered after 72 h (70% and 22% in aqueous and solid matrices, correspondingly). These results suggest that when the concentration of dissolved oxygen is null or limited, catalysis through an oxidative coupling mechanism is halted. Moreover, it was confirmed that the catalytic reaction occurred solely in the presence of the solid phase of the model vegetable matter.
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Assessment of the Abiotic Transformation of 17β-estradiol in the presence of vegetable matter.
Chemosphere, 2010Co-Authors: Ruth Marfil-vega, Makram T. Suidan, Marc A. MillsAbstract:Abstract A study using 17β- 14 C 4 -estradiol ( 14 C-E2) was performed to confirm and characterize the catalytic Transformation of estrogens in the presence of a model vegetable matter (namely rabbit food) as a surrogate material for vegetable wastes found in sewage. Results corroborated the occurrence of an Abiotic Transformation. Unknown Transformation byproduct(s) accounted, respectively, for 38% and 9% of the initial radioactivity in liquid and extractable solid phases after 72 h; on the other hand, only 15% and 7% of this radioactivity corresponded to 14 C-E2 in those same matrices. Mass balance was closed including the radioactivity irreversibly bounded to the solid phase. Formation of 14 C 4 -estrone was monitored by Liquid Chromatography with tandem Mass Spectrometry detection; negative results were found in all sampling events. This process could be harnessed to optimize sustainable technologies for the removal of phenolic microcontaminants from wastewater.
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Abiotic Transformation of estrogens in synthetic municipal wastewater an alternative for treatment
Environmental Pollution, 2010Co-Authors: Ruth Marfilvega, Makram T. Suidan, Marc A. MillsAbstract:The Abiotic Transformation of estrogens, including estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) and ethinylestradiol (EE2), in the presence of model vegetable matter was confirmed in this study. Batch experiments were performed to model the catalytic conversion of E1, E2, E3 and EE2 in synthetic wastewater. Greater than 80% reduction in the parent compounds was achieved for each target chemical after 72 h with the remaining concentration distributed between aqueous and solid phases as follows: 13% and 7% for E1, 10% and 2% for E2, 6% and 2% for E3, and 8% and 3% for EE2, respectively. Testosterone, androstenedione and progesterone were also monitored in this study, and their concentrations were found to be in agreement with initially spiked amount. Data collected under laboratory conditions provided the basis for implementing new Abiotic wastewater treatment technologies that use inexpensive materials.
Patrick J. Shea - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Abiotic Transformation of high explosives by freshly precipitated iron minerals in aqueous feii solutions
Chemosphere, 2010Co-Authors: Hardiljeet K. Boparai, Steve D. Comfort, T. Satapanajaru, Jim E. Szecsody, Paul R. Grossl, Patrick J. SheaAbstract:Zerovalent iron barriers have become a viable treatment for field-scale cleanup of various ground water contaminants. While contact with the iron surface is important for contaminant destruction, the interstitial pore water within and near the iron barrier will be laden with aqueous, adsorbed and precipitated FeII phases. These freshly precipitated iron minerals could play an important role in transforming high explosives (HE). Our objective was to determine the Transformation of RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine), HMX (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine), and TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) by freshly precipitated iron FeII/FeIII minerals. This was accomplished by quantifying the effects of initial FeII concentration, pH, and the presence of aquifer solids (FeIII phases) on HE Transformation rates. Results showed that at pH 8.2, freshly precipitated iron minerals transformed RDX, HMX, and TNT with reaction rates increasing with increasing FeII concentrations. RDX and HMX Transformations in these solutions also increased with increasing pH (5.8–8.55). By contrast, TNT Transformation was not influenced by pH (6.85–8.55) except at pH values <6.35. Transformations observed via LC/MS included a variety of nitroso products (RDX, HMX) and amino degradation products (TNT). XRD analysis identified green rust and magnetite as the dominant iron solid phases that precipitated from the aqueous FeII during HE treatment under anaerobic conditions. Geochemical modeling also predicted FeII activity would likely be controlled by green rust and magnetite. These results illustrate the important role freshly precipitated FeII/FeIII minerals in aqueous FeII solutions play in the Transformation of high explosives.
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Abiotic Transformation of high explosives by freshly precipitated iron minerals in aqueous FeII solutions.
Chemosphere, 2010Co-Authors: Hardiljeet K. Boparai, Steve D. Comfort, T. Satapanajaru, Jim E. Szecsody, Paul R. Grossl, Patrick J. SheaAbstract:Zerovalent iron barriers have become a viable treatment for field-scale cleanup of various ground water contaminants. While contact with the iron surface is important for contaminant destruction, the interstitial pore water within and near the iron barrier will be laden with aqueous, adsorbed and precipitated FeII phases. These freshly precipitated iron minerals could play an important role in transforming high explosives (HE). Our objective was to determine the Transformation of RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine), HMX (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine), and TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) by freshly precipitated iron FeII/FeIII minerals. This was accomplished by quantifying the effects of initial FeII concentration, pH, and the presence of aquifer solids (FeIII phases) on HE Transformation rates. Results showed that at pH 8.2, freshly precipitated iron minerals transformed RDX, HMX, and TNT with reaction rates increasing with increasing FeII concentrations. RDX and HMX Transformations in these solutions also increased with increasing pH (5.8–8.55). By contrast, TNT Transformation was not influenced by pH (6.85–8.55) except at pH values
Ruth Marfilvega - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessment of the Abiotic Transformation of 17β estradiol in the presence of vegetable matter ii the role of molecular oxygen
Chemosphere, 2012Co-Authors: Ruth Marfilvega, Makram T. Suidan, Marc A. MillsAbstract:Abstract This study characterizes the effect of oxygen in the Abiotic Transformation of estrogens when they are contacted with a surrogate of the vegetable wastes found in sewage. 17β-Estradiol (E2) and 17β- 14 C 4 -estradiol ( 14 C-E2) were utilized as model compounds. Batch experiments were run under both oxic and anoxic conditions. In order to accomplish an accurate mass balance of the target estrogen, two analyses were performed simultaneously: first, radioactivity counting, and second, quantitation of E2 and 14 C-E2, as well as their Transformation product estrone and 14 C 4 -estrone, by Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry. Under oxic conditions, the total concentration of 14 C-E2 was found to decrease by 78% in 72 h (15% and 7% remained in the liquid and solid phases, respectively). Conversely, when the estrogens were contacted with the synthetic influent under anoxic conditions, E2 was quantitatively recovered after 72 h (70% and 22% in aqueous and solid matrices, correspondingly). These results suggest that when the concentration of dissolved oxygen is null or limited, catalysis through an oxidative coupling mechanism is halted. Moreover, it was confirmed that the catalytic reaction occurred solely in the presence of the solid phase of the model vegetable matter.
-
Abiotic Transformation of estrogens in synthetic municipal wastewater an alternative for treatment
Environmental Pollution, 2010Co-Authors: Ruth Marfilvega, Makram T. Suidan, Marc A. MillsAbstract:The Abiotic Transformation of estrogens, including estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) and ethinylestradiol (EE2), in the presence of model vegetable matter was confirmed in this study. Batch experiments were performed to model the catalytic conversion of E1, E2, E3 and EE2 in synthetic wastewater. Greater than 80% reduction in the parent compounds was achieved for each target chemical after 72 h with the remaining concentration distributed between aqueous and solid phases as follows: 13% and 7% for E1, 10% and 2% for E2, 6% and 2% for E3, and 8% and 3% for EE2, respectively. Testosterone, androstenedione and progesterone were also monitored in this study, and their concentrations were found to be in agreement with initially spiked amount. Data collected under laboratory conditions provided the basis for implementing new Abiotic wastewater treatment technologies that use inexpensive materials.
Ruth Marfil-vega - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessment of the Abiotic Transformation of 17β-estradiol in the presence of vegetable matter – II: The role of molecular oxygen
Chemosphere, 2012Co-Authors: Ruth Marfil-vega, Makram T. Suidan, Marc A. MillsAbstract:Abstract This study characterizes the effect of oxygen in the Abiotic Transformation of estrogens when they are contacted with a surrogate of the vegetable wastes found in sewage. 17β-Estradiol (E2) and 17β- 14 C 4 -estradiol ( 14 C-E2) were utilized as model compounds. Batch experiments were run under both oxic and anoxic conditions. In order to accomplish an accurate mass balance of the target estrogen, two analyses were performed simultaneously: first, radioactivity counting, and second, quantitation of E2 and 14 C-E2, as well as their Transformation product estrone and 14 C 4 -estrone, by Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry. Under oxic conditions, the total concentration of 14 C-E2 was found to decrease by 78% in 72 h (15% and 7% remained in the liquid and solid phases, respectively). Conversely, when the estrogens were contacted with the synthetic influent under anoxic conditions, E2 was quantitatively recovered after 72 h (70% and 22% in aqueous and solid matrices, correspondingly). These results suggest that when the concentration of dissolved oxygen is null or limited, catalysis through an oxidative coupling mechanism is halted. Moreover, it was confirmed that the catalytic reaction occurred solely in the presence of the solid phase of the model vegetable matter.
-
Assessment of the Abiotic Transformation of 17β-estradiol in the presence of vegetable matter.
Chemosphere, 2010Co-Authors: Ruth Marfil-vega, Makram T. Suidan, Marc A. MillsAbstract:Abstract A study using 17β- 14 C 4 -estradiol ( 14 C-E2) was performed to confirm and characterize the catalytic Transformation of estrogens in the presence of a model vegetable matter (namely rabbit food) as a surrogate material for vegetable wastes found in sewage. Results corroborated the occurrence of an Abiotic Transformation. Unknown Transformation byproduct(s) accounted, respectively, for 38% and 9% of the initial radioactivity in liquid and extractable solid phases after 72 h; on the other hand, only 15% and 7% of this radioactivity corresponded to 14 C-E2 in those same matrices. Mass balance was closed including the radioactivity irreversibly bounded to the solid phase. Formation of 14 C 4 -estrone was monitored by Liquid Chromatography with tandem Mass Spectrometry detection; negative results were found in all sampling events. This process could be harnessed to optimize sustainable technologies for the removal of phenolic microcontaminants from wastewater.
