The Experts below are selected from a list of 71124 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Lisa M K Chin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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improved cognitive performance following Aerobic Exercise training in people with traumatic brain injury
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2015Co-Authors: Lisa M K Chin, Randall E Keyser, John Dsurney, Leighton ChanAbstract:Objective To examine cognitive function in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) prior to and after participation in an Aerobic Exercise training program. Design Pre-post intervention study. Setting Medical research center. Participants Volunteer sample of individuals (N=7) (age, 33.3±7.9y) with chronic nonpenetrating TBI (injury severity: 3=mild, 4=moderate; time since most current injury: 4.0±5.5y) who were ambulatory. Intervention Twelve weeks of supervised vigorous Aerobic Exercise training performed 3 times a week for 30 minutes on a treadmill. Main outcome measures Cognitive function was assessed using the Trail Making Test Part A (TMT-A), Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B), and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Sleep quality and depression were measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Beck Depression Inventory, version 2 (BDI-II). Indices of cardiorespiratory fitness were used to examine the relation between improvements in cognitive function and cardiorespiratory fitness. Results After training, improvements in cognitive function were observed with greater scores on the TMT-A (10.3±6.8; P=.007), TMT-B (9.6±7.0; P=.011), and RBANS total scale (13.3±9.3; P=.009). No changes were observed in measures of the PSQI and BDI-II. The magnitude of cognitive improvements was also strongly related to the gains in cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusions These findings suggest that vigorous Aerobic Exercise training may improve specific aspects of cognitive function in individuals with TBI and cardiorespiratory fitness gains may be a determinant of these improvements.
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effect of Aerobic Exercise training on fatigue and physical activity in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Respiratory Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Ali A Weinstein, Lisa M K Chin, Randall E Keyser, Michelle Kennedy, Steven D Nathan, Joshua G Woolstenhulme, Gerilynn ConnorsAbstract:Summary Objective To investigate the effectiveness of an Exercise intervention for decreasing fatigue severity and increasing physical activity in individuals with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). A small, phase 2 randomized clinical trial of the effect of Aerobic Exercise training on fatigue severity and physical activity in patients with idiopathic or PAH associated with other conditions was conducted. Methods Twenty-four patients with PAH (24 female; age: 54.4 ± 10.4 years; BMI: 30.8 ± 7.2 kg/m 2 ) participated in the study. A convenience sample was recruited in which 9% (28 of 303) of screened patients were enrolled. The project was carried out in a clinical pulmonary rehabilitation clinic during existing pulmonary rehabilitation program sessions. Patients with PH were randomized into a 10-week program that consisted of patient education only or patient education plus an Aerobic Exercise-training regimen. Both groups received 20 lectures, two per week over the 10-weeks, on topics related to PAH and its management. The Aerobic Exercise training consisted of 24–30 sessions of treadmill walking for 30–45 min per session at an intensity of 70–80% of heart rate reserve, three days per week over the 10 weeks. Results After 10-weeks of intervention, patients receiving Aerobic Exercise training plus education reported routinely engaging in higher levels of physical activity ( p p = 0.03). Patients in the education only group did not report changes in fatigue severity or participation in physical activity. Conclusions The 10-week Aerobic Exercise training intervention resulted in increased physical activity and decreased fatigue in individuals with PAH. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00678821.
Douglas R Seals - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aerobic Exercise training and vascular function with ageing in healthy men and women
The Journal of Physiology, 2019Co-Authors: Douglas R Seals, Erzsebet E Nagy, Kerrie L MoreauAbstract:Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in both men and women in developed societies. Age is the greatest risk factor for CVD due largely to adverse changes to arteries that include stiffening of the large elastic arteries (aortic and carotid arteries) and endothelial dysfunction. Vascular ageing is driven by oxidative stress, which reduces nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and stimulates changes in the extracellular matrix. In women, reductions in circulating oestrogens with menopause interact with ageing processes to induce vascular dysfunction. Regular Aerobic Exercise is the most evidence-based strategy for reducing CVD risk with ageing in both men and women. Much of this cardiovascular-protective effect of Aerobic Exercise is likely due to its vascular health-enhancing influence. Large elastic artery stiffening with advancing age is attenuated in healthy adults engaged in Aerobic Exercise training, and Aerobic Exercise interventions improve arterial stiffness in previously sedentary middle-aged and older men and postmenopausal women. Regular Aerobic Exercise also enhances endothelial function with ageing in men (by reducing oxidative stress and preserving NO bioavailability), but not consistently in oestrogen-deficient postmenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, treatment with oestradiol appears to restore the ability of Aerobic Exercise to improve NO-mediated endothelial function by reducing oxidative stress. Several research gaps exist in our understanding of potential sex differences in the vascular adaptations to regular Aerobic Exercise. More information is needed on the factors that are responsible for sex differences, including the role of circulating oestrogens in transducing the Aerobic Exercise training 'stimulus'.
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the protective role of regular Aerobic Exercise on vascular function with aging
Current Opinion in Physiology, 2019Co-Authors: Daniel H Craighead, Kaitlin A Freeberg, Douglas R SealsAbstract:Aging is the primary risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), the leading cause of death in developed and developing societies. Much of this age-associated increase in CVD risk is due to arterial dysfunction, characterized by stiffening of the large elastic arteries and endothelial dysfunction. Aerobic Exercise is an evidence-based healthy lifestyle strategy for improving arterial function with aging, in part, by suppressing oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Here, we summarize the effects of Exercise on arterial function and aging, highlighting recent advancements regarding estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women, cerebrovascular function and healthy lifestyle-inspired interventions that work through similar mechanisms as Aerobic Exercise.
Matthew P. Harber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Skeletal muscle hypertrophy after Aerobic Exercise training
Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 2014Co-Authors: Adam R. Konopka, Matthew P. HarberAbstract:Current dogma suggests that Aerobic Exercise training has minimal effects on skeletal muscle size. We and others have demonstrated that Aerobic Exercise acutely and chronically alters protein metabolism and induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy. These findings promote an antithesis to the status quo by providing novel perspective on skeletal muscle mass regulation and insight into Exercise countermeasures for populations prone to muscle loss.
Lara A. Boyd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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promoting neuroplasticity for motor rehabilitation after stroke considering the effects of Aerobic Exercise and genetic variation on brain derived neurotrophic factor
Physical Therapy, 2013Co-Authors: Cameron S Mang, Kristin L Campbell, Colin J D Ross, Lara A. BoydAbstract:Recovery of motor function after stroke involves relearning motor skills and is mediated by neuroplasticity. Recent research has focused on developing rehabilitation strategies that facilitate such neuroplasticity to maximize functional outcome poststroke. Although many molecular signaling pathways are involved, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as a key facilitator of neuroplasticity involved in motor learning and rehabilitation after stroke. Thus, rehabilitation strategies that optimize BDNF effects on neuroplasticity may be especially effective for improving motor function poststroke. Two potential poststroke rehabilitation strategies that consider the importance of BDNF are the use of Aerobic Exercise to enhance brain function and the incorporation of genetic information to individualize therapy. Converging evidence demonstrates that Aerobic Exercise increases BDNF production and consequently enhances learning and memory processes. Nevertheless, a common genetic variant reduces activity-dependent secretion of the BDNF protein. Thus, BDNF gene variation may affect response to motor rehabilitation training and potentially modulate the effects of Aerobic Exercise on neuroplasticity. This perspective article discusses evidence that Aerobic Exercise promotes neuroplasticity by increasing BDNF production and considers how Aerobic Exercise may facilitate the acquisition and retention of motor skills for poststroke rehabilitation. Next, the impact of the BDNF gene val66met polymorphism on motor learning and response to rehabilitation is explored. It is concluded that the effects of Aerobic Exercise on BDNF and motor learning may be better exploited if Aerobic Exercise is paired more closely in time with motor training. Additionally, information about BDNF genotype could provide insight into the type and magnitude of effects that Aerobic Exercise may have across individuals and potentially help guide an individualized prescription of Aerobic Exercise to enhance motor rehabilitation poststroke.
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Aerobic Exercise improves cognition and motor function poststroke
Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 2009Co-Authors: Barbara M Quaney, Lara A. Boyd, Joan M Mcdowd, Laura Zahner, Matthew S Mayo, Richard F MackoAbstract:Background. Cognitive deficits impede stroke recovery. Aerobic Exercise (AEX) improves cognitive executive function (EF) processes in healthy individuals, although the learning benefits after strok...
Randall E Keyser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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improved cognitive performance following Aerobic Exercise training in people with traumatic brain injury
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2015Co-Authors: Lisa M K Chin, Randall E Keyser, John Dsurney, Leighton ChanAbstract:Objective To examine cognitive function in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) prior to and after participation in an Aerobic Exercise training program. Design Pre-post intervention study. Setting Medical research center. Participants Volunteer sample of individuals (N=7) (age, 33.3±7.9y) with chronic nonpenetrating TBI (injury severity: 3=mild, 4=moderate; time since most current injury: 4.0±5.5y) who were ambulatory. Intervention Twelve weeks of supervised vigorous Aerobic Exercise training performed 3 times a week for 30 minutes on a treadmill. Main outcome measures Cognitive function was assessed using the Trail Making Test Part A (TMT-A), Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B), and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Sleep quality and depression were measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Beck Depression Inventory, version 2 (BDI-II). Indices of cardiorespiratory fitness were used to examine the relation between improvements in cognitive function and cardiorespiratory fitness. Results After training, improvements in cognitive function were observed with greater scores on the TMT-A (10.3±6.8; P=.007), TMT-B (9.6±7.0; P=.011), and RBANS total scale (13.3±9.3; P=.009). No changes were observed in measures of the PSQI and BDI-II. The magnitude of cognitive improvements was also strongly related to the gains in cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusions These findings suggest that vigorous Aerobic Exercise training may improve specific aspects of cognitive function in individuals with TBI and cardiorespiratory fitness gains may be a determinant of these improvements.
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effect of Aerobic Exercise training on fatigue and physical activity in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Respiratory Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Ali A Weinstein, Lisa M K Chin, Randall E Keyser, Michelle Kennedy, Steven D Nathan, Joshua G Woolstenhulme, Gerilynn ConnorsAbstract:Summary Objective To investigate the effectiveness of an Exercise intervention for decreasing fatigue severity and increasing physical activity in individuals with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). A small, phase 2 randomized clinical trial of the effect of Aerobic Exercise training on fatigue severity and physical activity in patients with idiopathic or PAH associated with other conditions was conducted. Methods Twenty-four patients with PAH (24 female; age: 54.4 ± 10.4 years; BMI: 30.8 ± 7.2 kg/m 2 ) participated in the study. A convenience sample was recruited in which 9% (28 of 303) of screened patients were enrolled. The project was carried out in a clinical pulmonary rehabilitation clinic during existing pulmonary rehabilitation program sessions. Patients with PH were randomized into a 10-week program that consisted of patient education only or patient education plus an Aerobic Exercise-training regimen. Both groups received 20 lectures, two per week over the 10-weeks, on topics related to PAH and its management. The Aerobic Exercise training consisted of 24–30 sessions of treadmill walking for 30–45 min per session at an intensity of 70–80% of heart rate reserve, three days per week over the 10 weeks. Results After 10-weeks of intervention, patients receiving Aerobic Exercise training plus education reported routinely engaging in higher levels of physical activity ( p p = 0.03). Patients in the education only group did not report changes in fatigue severity or participation in physical activity. Conclusions The 10-week Aerobic Exercise training intervention resulted in increased physical activity and decreased fatigue in individuals with PAH. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00678821.