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Raymond Chuenchung Chang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ORIGINAL PAPER Use of Anti-aging Herbal Medicine, Lycium barbarum, Against Aging-Associated Diseases. What Do We Know So Far?
    2013
    Co-Authors: Raymond Chuenchung Chang, R. C. -c
    Abstract:

    nourishing the liver, and in turn, improving the eyesight. However, many people have forgotten its anti-aging properties. Valuable components of L. barbarum are not limited to its colored components containing zeaxanthin and carotene, but include the polysaccharides and small molecules such as betaine, cerebroside, b-sitosterol, p-coumaric, and various vitamins. Despite the fact that L. barbarum has been used for centuries, its beneficial effects to our bodies have not been comprehensively studied with modern technology to unravel its therapeutic effects at the biochemical level. Recently, our laboratory has demonstrated its neuroprotective effects to counter neuronal loss in neurodegenerative Diseases. Polysaccharides extracted from L. barbarum can protect neurons against b-amyloid peptide toxicity in neuronal cell cultures, and retinal ganglion cells in an experimental model of glaucoma. We have even isolated the active component of polysaccharide which can attenuate stress kinases and pro-apoptotic signaling pathways. We have accumulated scientific evidence for its antiaging effects that should be highlighted for modern preventive medicine. This review is to provide background information and a new direction of study for the anti-agin

  • use of anti aging herbal medicine lycium barbarum against aging associated Diseases what do we know so far
    Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Raymond Chuenchung Chang
    Abstract:

    Lycium barbarum (Gouqizi, Fructus Lycii, Wolfberry) is well known for nourishing the liver, and in turn, improving the eyesight. However, many people have forgotten its anti-aging properties. Valuable components of L. barbarum are not limited to its colored components containing zeaxanthin and carotene, but include the polysaccharides and small molecules such as betaine, cerebroside, β-sitosterol, p-coumaric, and various vitamins. Despite the fact that L. barbarum has been used for centuries, its beneficial effects to our bodies have not been comprehensively studied with modern technology to unravel its therapeutic effects at the biochemical level. Recently, our laboratory has demonstrated its neuroprotective effects to counter neuronal loss in neurodegenerative Diseases. Polysaccharides extracted from L. barbarum can protect neurons against β-amyloid peptide toxicity in neuronal cell cultures, and retinal ganglion cells in an experimental model of glaucoma. We have even isolated the active component of polysaccharide which can attenuate stress kinases and pro-apoptotic signaling pathways. We have accumulated scientific evidence for its anti-aging effects that should be highlighted for modern preventive medicine. This review is to provide background information and a new direction of study for the anti-aging properties of L. barbarum. We hope that new findings for L. barbarum will pave a new avenue for the use of Chinese medicine in modern evidence-based medicine.

Jackob Moskovitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • elevated levels of brain pathologies associated with neurodegenerative Diseases in the methionine sulfoxide reductase a knockout mouse
    Experimental Brain Research, 2007
    Co-Authors: Derek B Oien, Fatma Y Ersen, Jackob Moskovitz
    Abstract:

    One of the posttranslational modifications to proteins is methionine oxidation, which is readily reversible by the methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) system. Thus, accumulation of faulty proteins due to a compromised Msr system may lead to the development of Aging-Associated Diseases like neurodegenerative Diseases. In particular, it was interesting to monitor the consequential effects of methionine oxidation in relation to markers that are associated with Alzheimer’s disease as methionine oxidation was implied to play a role in beta-amyloid toxicity. In this study, a knockout mouse strain of the methionine sulfoxide reductase A gene (MsrA −/− ) caused an enhanced neurodegeneration in brain hippocampus relative to its wild-type control mouse brain. Additionally, a loss of astrocytes integrity, elevated levels of beta-amyloid deposition, and tau phosphorylation were dominant in various regions of the MsrA −/− hippocampus but not in the wild-type. Also, a comparison between cultured brain slices of the hippocampal region of both mouse strains showed more sensitivity of the MsrA −/− cultured cells to H2O2 treatment. It is suggested that a deficiency in MsrA activity fosters oxidative-stress that is manifested by the accumulation of faulty proteins (via methionine oxidation), deposition of aggregated proteins, and premature brain cell death.

  • methionine sulfoxide reductases ubiquitous enzymes involved in antioxidant defense protein regulation and prevention of aging associated Diseases
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2005
    Co-Authors: Jackob Moskovitz
    Abstract:

    Abstract Oxidative damage to proteins is considered to be one of the major causes of aging and age-related Diseases, and thus mechanisms have evolved to prevent or reverse these modifications. Methionine is one of the major targets of reactive oxygen species (ROS), where it is oxidized to methionine sulfoxide (MetO). Recently, evidence has accumulated suggesting that methionine (Met) oxidation may play an important role in the development and progression of neurodegenerative Diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases. Oxidative alteration of Met to Met(O) is reversed by the methionine sulfoxide reductases (consisting of MsrA enzymes that reduce S-MetO and MsrB enzymes that reduce R-MetO, respectively). A major biological role of the Msr system is suggested by the fact that the MsrA null mouse (MT) exhibits a neurological disorder in the form of ataxia (“tip toe walking”), is more sensitive to oxidative stress, and has a shorter life span (by ∼40%) than wild-type (WT) mice. By their action, the Msr enzymes can regulate protein function, be involved in signal-transduction pathways, and prevent cellular accumulation of faulty proteins. Malfunction of the Msr system can lead to cellular changes resulting in compromised antioxidant defense, enhanced age-associated Diseases involving neurodegeneration, and shorter life span. In this review, the function and possible roles of the Msr system in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, in general, and in neurodegenerative Diseases, in particular, will be discussed.

Angelo De Cata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • morphofunctional and signaling molecules overlap of the pineal gland and thymus role and significance in aging
    Oncotarget, 2016
    Co-Authors: Michael Paltsev, V O Polyakova, Igor M Kvetnoy, George P Anderson, T V Kvetnaia, N S Linkova, Ekaterina M Paltseva, Rosa Rubino, Salvatore De Cosmo, Angelo De Cata
    Abstract:

    Deficits in neuroendocrine-immune system functioning, including alterations in pineal and thymic glands, contribute to Aging-Associated Diseases. This study looks at ageing-associated alterations in pineal and thymic gland functioning evaluating common signaling molecules present in both human and animal pinealocytes and thymocytes: endocrine cell markers (melatonin, serotonin, pCREB, AANAT, CGRP, VIP, chromogranin А); cell renovation markers (p53, AIF, Ki67), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2, MMP9) and lymphocytes markers (CD4, CD5, CD8, CD20). Pineal melatonin is decreased, as is one of the melatonin pathway synthesis enzymes in the thymic gland. A further similarity is the increased MMPs levels evident over age in both glands. Significant differences are evident in cell renovation processes, which deteriorate more quickly in the aged thymus versus the pineal gland. Decreases in the number of pineal B-cells and thymic T-cells were also observed over aging. Collected data indicate that cellular involution of the pineal gland and thymus show many commonalities, but also significant changes in Aging-Associated proteins. It is proposed that such ageing-associated alterations in these two glands provide novel pharmaceutical targets for the wide array of medical conditions that are more likely to emerge over the course of ageing.

  • morphofunctional and signaling molecules overlap of the pineal gland and thymus role and significance in aging
    Oncotarget, 2016
    Co-Authors: Michael Paltsev, V O Polyakova, Igor M Kvetnoy, T V Kvetnaia, N S Linkova, Ekaterina M Paltseva, Rosa Rubino, Salvatore De Cosmo, George Anderson, Angelo De Cata
    Abstract:

    // Michael A. Paltsev 1 , Victoria O. Polyakova 2,3 , Igor M. Kvetnoy 2,3 , George Anderson 4 , Tatiana V. Kvetnaia 2 , Natalia S. Linkova 2 , Ekaterina M. Paltseva 5 , Rosa Rubino 6 , Salvatore De Cosmo 6 , Angelo De Cata 6 and Gianluigi Mazzoccoli 6 1 Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russian Federation, Russia 2 Department of Pathology, Ott Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Russia 3 Laboratory of Cell Biology and Pathology, Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Russia 4 CRC Scotland and London, United Kingdom 5 Division of Immuhistochemistry, B.V. Petrovsky Russian Surgery Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation, Russia 6 Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS Scientific Institute and Regional General Hospital “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Opera di Padre Pio da Pietrelcina, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy Correspondence: Igor M. Kvetnoy, email: // Gianluigi Mazzoccoli, email: // Keywords : pineal, thymus, melatonin, neuroendocrine-immune, aging, Gerotarget Received : February 01, 2016 Accepted : February 23, 2016 Published : March 02, 2016 Abstract Deficits in neuroendocrine-immune system functioning, including alterations in pineal and thymic glands, contribute to Aging-Associated Diseases. This study looks at ageing-associated alterations in pineal and thymic gland functioning evaluating common signaling molecules present in both human and animal pinealocytes and thymocytes: endocrine cell markers (melatonin, serotonin, pCREB, AANAT, CGRP, VIP, chromogranin А); cell renovation markers (p53, AIF, Ki67), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2, MMP9) and lymphocytes markers (CD4, CD5, CD8, CD20). Pineal melatonin is decreased, as is one of the melatonin pathway synthesis enzymes in the thymic gland. A further similarity is the increased MMPs levels evident over age in both glands. Significant differences are evident in cell renovation processes, which deteriorate more quickly in the aged thymus versus the pineal gland. Decreases in the number of pineal B-cells and thymic T-cells were also observed over aging. Collected data indicate that cellular involution of the pineal gland and thymus show many commonalities, but also significant changes in Aging-Associated proteins. It is proposed that such ageing-associated alterations in these two glands provide novel pharmaceutical targets for the wide array of medical conditions that are more likely to emerge over the course of ageing.

Jean-marc Lemaitre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Cristina Andreslacueva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • bacterial dnaemia is associated with serum zonulin levels in older subjects
    Scientific Reports, 2021
    Co-Authors: Giorgio Gargari, Giacomo Mantegazza, Valentina Taverniti, Cristian Del Bo, Stefano Bernardi, Cristina Andreslacueva, Raul Gonzalezdominguez, Paul A Kroon
    Abstract:

    The increased presence of bacteria in blood is a plausible contributing factor in the development and progression of Aging-Associated Diseases. In this context, we performed the quantification and the taxonomic profiling of the bacterial DNA in blood samples collected from forty-three older subjects enrolled in a nursing home. Quantitative PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene revealed that all samples contained detectable amounts of bacterial DNA with a concentration that varied considerably between subjects. Correlation analyses revealed that the bacterial DNAemia (expressed as concentration of 16S rRNA gene copies in blood) significantly associated with the serum levels of zonulin, a marker of intestinal permeability. This result was confirmed by the analysis of a second set of blood samples collected from the same subjects. 16S rRNA gene profiling revealed that most of the bacterial DNA detected in blood was ascribable to the phylum Proteobacteria with a predominance of the genus Pseudomonas. Several control samples were also analyzed to assess the influence of contaminant bacterial DNA potentially originating from reagents and materials. The data reported here suggest that para-cellular permeability of epithelial (and, potentially, endothelial) cell layers may play an important role in bacterial migration into the bloodstream. Bacterial DNAemia is likely to impact on several aspects of host physiology and could underpin the development and prognosis of various Diseases in older subjects.

  • bacterial dnaemia is associated with serum zonulin levels in older subjects
    bioRxiv, 2020
    Co-Authors: Giorgio Gargari, Valentina Taverniti, Cristian Del Bo, Stefano Bernardi, Cristina Andreslacueva, Raul Gonzalezdominguez, Paul A Kroon, Mark S Winterbone
    Abstract:

    Abstract The increased presence of bacteria in blood is a plausible contributing factor in the development and progression of Aging-Associated Diseases. In this context, we performed the quantification and the taxonomic profiling of the bacterial DNA in blood samples collected from a group of forty-three older subjects enrolled in a nursing home. Quantitative PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene revealed that all the older volunteers contained detectable amounts of bacterial DNA in their blood. The total amount of 16S rRNA gene copies varied considerably between subjects. Correlation analyses revealed that the bacterial DNAemia (expressed as concentration of 16S rRNA gene copies in blood) significantly correlated with the serum levels of zonulin, an emerging marker of intestinal permeability. This result was confirmed by the analysis of a second set of blood samples collected after approximately four months from the same subjects. Analyses of 16S rRNA gene profiling revealed that most of the bacterial DNA detected in blood was ascribable to the phylum Proteobacteria with a predominance of Pseudomonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae. Several control samples were also analyzed to assess the influence exerted by contaminant bacterial DNA potentially originating from reagents and materials. The date reported here suggest that para-cellular permeability of epithelial (and potentially also endothelial) cell layers may play an important role in bacterial migration into the bloodstream. Bacterial DNAemia is likely to impact on several aspects of host physiology and could underpin the development and prognosis of various Diseases in older subjects.