The Experts below are selected from a list of 32112 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pal Borjesson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
possibilities for sustainable biorefineries based on Agricultural Residues a case study of potential straw based ethanol production in sweden
Applied Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Anna Ekman, Ola Wallberg, Elisabeth Joelsson, Pal BorjessonAbstract:This study presents a survey of the most important techno-economic factors for the implementation of biorefineries based on Agricultural Residues, in the form of straw, and biochemical conversion into ethanol and biogas, together with production of electricity and heat. The paper suggests locations where the necessary conditions can be met in Sweden. The requirements identified are regional availability of feedstock, the possibility to integrate with external heat sinks, appropriate process design and the scale of the plant. The scale of the plant should be adapted to the potential, regional, raw-material supply, but still be large enough to give economies of scale. The integration with heat sinks proved to be most important to achieve high energy-efficiency, but it was of somewhat less importance for the profitability. Development of pentose fermentation, leading to higher ethanol yields, was important to gain high profitability. Promising locations were identified in the county of Ostergotland where integration with an existing 1st generation ethanol plant and district heating systems (DHSs) is possible, and in the county of Skane where both a significant, potential straw supply and integration potential with DHSs are available.
-
possibilities for sustainable biorefineries based on Agricultural Residues a case study of potential straw based ethanol production in sweden
Applied Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Anna Ekman, Ola Wallberg, Elisabeth Joelsson, Pal BorjessonAbstract:This study presents a survey of the most important techno-economic factors for the implementation of biorefineries based on Agricultural Residues, in the form of straw, and biochemical conversion into ethanol and biogas, together with production of electricity and heat. The paper suggests locations where the necessary conditions can be met in Sweden. The requirements identified are regional availability of feedstock, the possibility to integrate with external heat sinks, appropriate process design and the scale of the plant. The scale of the plant should be adapted to the potential, regional, raw-material supply, but still be large enough to give economies of scale. The integration with heat sinks proved to be most important to achieve high energy-efficiency, but it was of somewhat less importance for the profitability. Development of pentose fermentation, leading to higher ethanol yields, was important to gain high profitability. Promising locations were identified in the county of Ostergotland where integration with an existing 1st generation ethanol plant and district heating systems (DHSs) is possible, and in the county of Skane where both a significant, potential straw supply and integration potential with DHSs are available. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (Less)
Anna Ekman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
possibilities for sustainable biorefineries based on Agricultural Residues a case study of potential straw based ethanol production in sweden
Applied Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Anna Ekman, Ola Wallberg, Elisabeth Joelsson, Pal BorjessonAbstract:This study presents a survey of the most important techno-economic factors for the implementation of biorefineries based on Agricultural Residues, in the form of straw, and biochemical conversion into ethanol and biogas, together with production of electricity and heat. The paper suggests locations where the necessary conditions can be met in Sweden. The requirements identified are regional availability of feedstock, the possibility to integrate with external heat sinks, appropriate process design and the scale of the plant. The scale of the plant should be adapted to the potential, regional, raw-material supply, but still be large enough to give economies of scale. The integration with heat sinks proved to be most important to achieve high energy-efficiency, but it was of somewhat less importance for the profitability. Development of pentose fermentation, leading to higher ethanol yields, was important to gain high profitability. Promising locations were identified in the county of Ostergotland where integration with an existing 1st generation ethanol plant and district heating systems (DHSs) is possible, and in the county of Skane where both a significant, potential straw supply and integration potential with DHSs are available.
-
possibilities for sustainable biorefineries based on Agricultural Residues a case study of potential straw based ethanol production in sweden
Applied Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Anna Ekman, Ola Wallberg, Elisabeth Joelsson, Pal BorjessonAbstract:This study presents a survey of the most important techno-economic factors for the implementation of biorefineries based on Agricultural Residues, in the form of straw, and biochemical conversion into ethanol and biogas, together with production of electricity and heat. The paper suggests locations where the necessary conditions can be met in Sweden. The requirements identified are regional availability of feedstock, the possibility to integrate with external heat sinks, appropriate process design and the scale of the plant. The scale of the plant should be adapted to the potential, regional, raw-material supply, but still be large enough to give economies of scale. The integration with heat sinks proved to be most important to achieve high energy-efficiency, but it was of somewhat less importance for the profitability. Development of pentose fermentation, leading to higher ethanol yields, was important to gain high profitability. Promising locations were identified in the county of Ostergotland where integration with an existing 1st generation ethanol plant and district heating systems (DHSs) is possible, and in the county of Skane where both a significant, potential straw supply and integration potential with DHSs are available. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (Less)
Mohini Sain - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
isolation and characterization of nanofibers from Agricultural Residues wheat straw and soy hulls
Bioresource Technology, 2008Co-Authors: Ayse Alemdar, Mohini SainAbstract:Cellulose nanofibers were extracted from the Agricultural Residues, wheat straw and soy hulls, by a chemi-mechanical technique to examine their potential for use as reinforcement fibers in biocomposite applications. The structure of the cellulose nanofibers was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The wheat straw nanofibers were determined to have diameters in the range of 10-80 nm and lengths of a few thousand nanometers. By comparison, the soy hull nanofibers had diameter 20-120 nm and shorter lengths than the wheat straw nanofibers. Chemical characterization of the wheat straw nanofibers confirmed that the cellulose content was increased from 43% to 84% by an applied alkali and acid treatment. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of both fibers demonstrated that this chemical treatment also led to partial removal of hemicelluloses and lignin from the structure of the fibers. PXRD results revealed that this resulted in improved crystallinity of the fibers. After mechanical treatments of cryocrushing, disintegration and defibrillation, the thermal properties of the nanofibers were studied by the TGA technique and found to increase dramatically. The degradation temperature of both nanofiber types reached beyond 290 degrees C. This value is reasonably promising for the use of these nanofibers in reinforced-polymer manufacturing.
-
isolation and characterization of nanofibers from Agricultural Residues wheat straw and soy hulls
Bioresource Technology, 2008Co-Authors: Ayse Alemdar, Mohini SainAbstract:Abstract Cellulose nanofibers were extracted from the Agricultural Residues, wheat straw and soy hulls, by a chemi-mechanical technique to examine their potential for use as reinforcement fibers in biocomposite applications. The structure of the cellulose nanofibers was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The wheat straw nanofibers were determined to have diameters in the range of 10–80 nm and lengths of a few thousand nanometers. By comparison, the soy hull nanofibers had diameter 20–120 nm and shorter lengths than the wheat straw nanofibers. Chemical characterization of the wheat straw nanofibers confirmed that the cellulose content was increased from 43% to 84% by an applied alkali and acid treatment. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of both fibers demonstrated that this chemical treatment also led to partial removal of hemicelluloses and lignin from the structure of the fibers. PXRD results revealed that this resulted in improved crystallinity of the fibers. After mechanical treatments of cryocrushing, disintegration and defibrillation, the thermal properties of the nanofibers were studied by the TGA technique and found to increase dramatically. The degradation temperature of both nanofiber types reached beyond 290 °C. This value is reasonably promising for the use of these nanofibers in reinforced-polymer manufacturing.
A Zabaniotou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
review of sustainable biomass pellets production a study for Agricultural Residues pellets market in greece
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2012Co-Authors: V Karkania, E Fanara, A ZabaniotouAbstract:Abstract Agro Residues constitute the biggest source of biomass in Greece. Although large amounts of Agricultural Residues are produced in Greece each year, their contribution towards meeting national energy demand has remained rather low due to inefficient and unplanned use. These Residues have low heating value per unit volume and high transportation and storage costs when used in as received condition; these difficulties can be largely overcome through densification which is an effective approach for using Residues efficiently. Densification offers an opportunity to make biomass easier to handle and transport. The cost of the endeavor is a challenge. However, there is a need to consider a system that operates year around with several biomass materials. The investigation in the Greek and the international market shows that mixed biomass pellets are promising fuels and with the appropriate support these fuels have many prospects for the future. The use of biomass pellets would not only create new market opportunities for Agricultural industries, it would also reduce dependence on coal, as well as the greenhouse gas emissions associated with coal use.
-
mathematical modelling and simulation approaches of Agricultural Residues air gasification in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2008Co-Authors: D A Nemtsov, A ZabaniotouAbstract:Agricultural Residues (agro-biomass) can produce energy by thermochemical conversion. Gasification is becoming one of the best clean technologies for power production. Thermochemical process of gasification sets free the solid fuel inherent energy and converts the solid phase into a mixture of gases (producer gas or syngas) that carries a percentage of this energy. Fluidized bed reactors may be used for biomass gasification offering many advantages such as: (1) the superior mixing properties and (2) the enhanced heat transfer rates between the gas and the particles as well as between the particles and the heat exchanger surfaces. In this paper gasification process applied to Agricultural Residues is reviewed by means of modelling. Description of various stages of the biomass gasification in a fluidized bed is made and the whole spectrum of problems from the processes in an individual biomass particle (drying, pyrolysis, fragmentation and charl burning) to the global mass transfer and chemical processes in a fluidized bed reactor and freeboard is presented. The paper discusses also the specific problems arising from using Agricultural Residues as raw material and recommends further experimental studies necessary for process optimisation and for scale up. Extensive investigation of gasification plant behaviour depending on various operating parameters is always required in order to support the optimisation procedure and mathematical models are helpful to reduce the temporal and financial efforts.
-
Agricultural Residues as precursors for activated carbon production a review
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2007Co-Authors: O Ioannidou, A ZabaniotouAbstract:A review of the production of activated carbons from Agricultural Residues is presented. The effects of various process parameters on the pyrolysis stage are reviewed. Influences of activating conditions, physical and chemical, on the active carbon properties are discussed. Under certain process conditions several active carbons with BET surface areas, ranging between 250 and 2410Â m2/g and pore volumes of 0.022 and 91.4Â cm3/g, have been produced. A comparison in characteristics and uses of activated carbons from Agricultural Residues with those issued from tires, and commercial carbons, have been made. A review is carried out of the reaction kinetic modelling, applied to pyrolysis of Agricultural wastes and activation of their pyrolytic char.
Ayhan Demirbas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
potential evolution of turkish Agricultural Residues as bio gas bio char and bio oil sources
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2006Co-Authors: Ayhan Demirbas, Erol Pehlivan, Turkan AltunAbstract:A study has been conducted to evaluate the potential power production from the pyrolysis for bio-oil and bio-char, and anaerobic digestion (for bio-gas), of Agricultural Residues in Turkey. Agricultural Residues are potential renewable energy resources such as bio-gas from anaerobic digestion, bio-oil from pyrolysis, and bio-char from carbonization and slow pyrolysis processes. Anaerobic bio-gas production is an effective process for conversion of a broad variety of Agricultural biomass to methane to substitute natural gas and medium calorific value gases. When the pyrolysis temperature increased the bio-char yield decreased. The bio-char yield increased with increasing particle size of the sample. Thermochemical conversion processes of biomass are the most common and convenient methods for conversion into energy. Among the processes of energy production from biomass, pyrolysis is the most popular thermal conversion process.
-
effects of temperature and particle size on bio char yield from pyrolysis of Agricultural Residues
Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2004Co-Authors: Ayhan DemirbasAbstract:Abstract This article deals with slow pyrolysis of Agricultural Residues such as olive husk, corncob and tea waste at high temperature (950–1250 K) in a cylindrical reactor batch reactor. The aim of this study was to experimentally investigate how different Residues utilizing strategies affect the treatment conditions such as temperature, particle size, and lignin and inorganic matter contents on bio-char yield and reactivity. When the pyrolysis temperature is increased, the bio-char yield decreases. The bio-char yield increased with increasing particle size of the sample. A high temperature and smaller particles increase the heating rate resulting in a decreased bio-char yield. The higher lignin content in olive husk results in a higher bio-char yield comparison with corncob. Bio-char from olive husk was more reactive in gasification than bio-char from corncob because of the higher ash content.