The Experts below are selected from a list of 1623 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bingru Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals common molecular factors responsive to heat and drought stress in Agrostis stolonifera
Scientific Reports, 2018Co-Authors: Bingru HuangAbstract:Heat and drought stress are primary abiotic stresses confining growth of cool-season grass species during summer. The objective of this study was to identify common molecular factors and metabolic pathways associated with heat and drought responses in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) by comparative analysis of transcriptomic profiles between plants exposed to heat and drought stress. Plants were exposed to heat stress (35/30 °C day/night temperature) or drought stress by withholding irrigation for 21 d in growth chambers. Transcriptomic profiling by RNA-seq in A. stolonifera (cv. ‘Penncross’) found 670 commonly up-regulated and 812 commonly down-regulated genes by heat and drought stress. Transcriptional up-regulations of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) due to heat and drought stress include genes that were highly enriched in oxylipin biosynthetic process and proline biosynthetic process. Transcriptional down-regulations of genes under heat and drought stress were highly enriched and involved in thiamine metabolic process and calcium sensing receptor. These commonly-regulated genes by heat and drought stress identified in A. stolonifera suggested that drought and heat responses shared such common molecular factors and pathways, which could be potential candidate genes for genetic modification of improving plant tolerance to the combined heat and drought stress.
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alteration of transcripts of stress protective genes and transcriptional factors by γ aminobutyric acid gaba associated with improved heat and drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Yan Peng, Bingru HuangAbstract:Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) may play a positive role in regulating plant tolerance to drought or heat stress. The objectives of this study were to investigate the physiological effects of GABA on tolerance of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) to heat and drought stress and to determine whether enhanced heat and drought tolerance due to GABA treatment was associated with the up-regulation of selected genes and transcriptional factors involved in stress protection. Creeping bentgrass (cultivar “Penncross”) plants were treated with 0.5 mM GABA or water (untreated control) as a foliar spray and were subsequently exposed to heat stress (35/30 °C, day/night), drought stress by withholding irrigation, or non-stress conditions in controlled-environment growth chambers. Exogenous application of GABA significantly improved plant tolerance to heat and drought stress, as reflected by increased leaf water content, cell membrane stability, and chlorophyll content. The analysis of gene transcript level revealed that exogenous GABA up-regulated the expression of ABF3, POD, APX, HSP90, DHN3, and MT1 during heat stress and the expression of CDPK26, MAPK1, ABF3, WRKY75, MYB13, HSP70, MT1, 14-3-3, and genes (SOD, CAT, POD, APX, MDHAR, DHAR, and GR) encoding antioxidant enzymes during drought stress. The up-regulation of the aforementioned stress-protective genes and transcriptional factors could contribute to improved heat and drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass.
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interactive effects of melatonin and cytokinin on alleviating drought induced leaf senescence in creeping bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera
Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2018Co-Authors: Jing Zhang, Patrick Burgess, Stephanie Rossi, Bingru HuangAbstract:Abstract Drought stress induces leaf senescence while cytokinins (CK) and melatonin (ME) play roles in regulating leaf senescence. The objectives of this study were to determine whether ME alone or interacting with CK could suppress drought-induced leaf senescence through mediating CK pathways and chlorophyll catabolism in creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera ). Plants of wild type (‘WT’) (cv. ‘Penncross’) or a transgenic line (‘S41′) harbouring isopentenyltransferase ( ipt ) gene were foliar sprayed with either 20 μM ME or water and exposed to drought stress for 14 d in growth chambers. Exogenous applied ME increased visual quality, photochemical efficiency, chlorophyll content and relative water content, while it suppressed leaf electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide production in both WT and ipt -transgenic plants. Cytokinin-signaling and synthesis genes were also significantly up-regulated in ME-treated ipt -transgenic plants. Dehydration responsive genes ( JUB1 and DREB2A ) were up-regulated and chlorophyll-degradation genes ( Chlase , PPH and Chl-PRX ) and enzyme activities were significantly down-regulated by ME application. Endogenous melatonin content and ME-biosynthesis genes ( TDC1 , SNAT1 , and COMT ) expression increased in ipt -transgenic plants with ME treatment. ME-alleviation of drought-induced leaf senescence in creeping bentgrass was associated with the down-regulation of chlorophyll catabolism and the synergistically interaction with CK-synthesis gene and signaling pathways.
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Alteration of Transcripts of Stress-Protective Genes and Transcriptional Factors by γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Associated with Improved Heat and Drought Tolerance in Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)
MDPI AG, 2018Co-Authors: Yan Peng, Bingru HuangAbstract:Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) may play a positive role in regulating plant tolerance to drought or heat stress. The objectives of this study were to investigate the physiological effects of GABA on tolerance of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) to heat and drought stress and to determine whether enhanced heat and drought tolerance due to GABA treatment was associated with the up-regulation of selected genes and transcriptional factors involved in stress protection. Creeping bentgrass (cultivar “Penncross”) plants were treated with 0.5 mM GABA or water (untreated control) as a foliar spray and were subsequently exposed to heat stress (35/30 °C, day/night), drought stress by withholding irrigation, or non-stress conditions in controlled-environment growth chambers. Exogenous application of GABA significantly improved plant tolerance to heat and drought stress, as reflected by increased leaf water content, cell membrane stability, and chlorophyll content. The analysis of gene transcript level revealed that exogenous GABA up-regulated the expression of ABF3, POD, APX, HSP90, DHN3, and MT1 during heat stress and the expression of CDPK26, MAPK1, ABF3, WRKY75, MYB13, HSP70, MT1, 14-3-3, and genes (SOD, CAT, POD, APX, MDHAR, DHAR, and GR) encoding antioxidant enzymes during drought stress. The up-regulation of the aforementioned stress-protective genes and transcriptional factors could contribute to improved heat and drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass
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metabolic pathways regulated by abscisic acid salicylic acid and γ aminobutyric acid in association with improved drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera
Physiologia Plantarum, 2017Co-Authors: Yan Peng, Bingru HuangAbstract:Abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are known to play roles in regulating plant stress responses. This study was conducted to determine metabolites and associated pathways regulated by ABA, SA and GABA that could contribute to drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). Plants were foliar sprayed with ABA (5 μM), GABA (0.5 mM) and SA (10 μM) or water (untreated control) prior to 25 days drought stress in controlled growth chambers. Application of ABA, GABA or SA had similar positive effects on alleviating drought damages, as manifested by the maintenance of lower electrolyte leakage and greater relative water content in leaves of treated plants relative to the untreated control. Metabolic profiling showed that ABA, GABA and SA induced differential metabolic changes under drought stress. ABA mainly promoted the accumulation of organic acids associated with tricarboxylic acid cycle (aconitic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid and malic acid). SA strongly stimulated the accumulation of amino acids (proline, serine, threonine and alanine) and carbohydrates (glucose, mannose, fructose and cellobiose). GABA enhanced the accumulation of amino acids (GABA, glycine, valine, proline, 5-oxoproline, serine, threonine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid) and organic acids (malic acid, lactic acid, gluconic acid, malonic acid and ribonic acid). The enhanced drought tolerance could be mainly due to the enhanced respiration metabolism by ABA, amino acids and carbohydrates involved in osmotic adjustment (OA) and energy metabolism by SA, and amino acid metabolism related to OA and stress-defense secondary metabolism by GABA.
Stacy A Bonos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a pcr based linkage map of Agrostis stolonifera and identification of qtl markers for dollar spot resistance
Molecular Breeding, 2014Co-Authors: Josh A Honig, William A. Meyer, Scott E Warnke, Christine Kubik, Martin Majewski, Christine Poulsen, Eric Weibel, Keenan Amundsen, Stacy A BonosAbstract:Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is the most widely utilized cool-season turf species for intensively managed sports playing surfaces, including bowling greens and golf course putting greens, tees, and fairways. One of the biggest disease problems affecting creeping bentgrass is dollar spot disease caused by Sclerotinia homoeocarpa F.T. Bennett. Relative to traditional food crops, little attention has been paid to applying molecular technology to traditional creeping bentgrass breeding programs. The objective of this study was to develop a PCR-based linkage map of creeping bentgrass and identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with dollar spot resistance. Mapping populations segregating for dollar spot resistance were created, phenotyped for disease resistance, and genotyped for simple sequence repeat, conserved intron scanning primer, intron length polymorphism, and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. As expected, 14 linkage groups (LGs) were detected for each parental map, covering a total of 1,424 and 1,374 cM for the 7418-3 and the L93-10 parental maps, respectively. A total of eight QTL regions (23 markers) for dollar spot resistance were observed for three isolates (Crenshaw, PRG, and UMass1) in our creeping bentgrass mapping populations. LGs 1, 4, and 5 contained at least two overlapping QTL regions to different isolates, indicating that these regions may play a significant role in dollar spot resistance. Identification of QTLs associated with disease resistance will help to facilitate marker-assisted selection in traditional creeping bentgrass breeding programs.
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characterization of 215 simple sequence repeat markers in creeping bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera l
Molecular Ecology Resources, 2011Co-Authors: Christine Kubik, Joshua Honig, Stacy A BonosAbstract:Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is a versatile, cross-pollinated, temperate and perennial turfgrass species. It occurs naturally in a wide variety of habitats and is also cultivated on golf courses, bowling greens and tennis courts worldwide. Isozymes and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) have been used to determine genetic diversity, and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPDs) were used to construct a genetic linkage map of this species. In the current report, we developed and characterized 215 unique genomic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in creeping bentgrass. The SSRs reported here are the first available markers in creeping bentgrass to date. Eight hundred and eighteen alleles were amplified by 215 SSR loci, an average of 3.72 alleles per locus. Fifty-nine per cent of those alleles segregated in a 1:1 Mendelian fashion (P > 0.05). Twenty-two per cent had a distorted segregation ratio (P ≤ 0.05). These SSR markers will be useful for assessing genetic diversity in creeping bentgrass and will be important for the development of genetic linkage maps and identifying quantitative trait loci. These markers could enhance breeding programmes by improving the efficiency of selection techniques.
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first report of brown ring patch caused by waitea circinata var circinata on poa annua and Agrostis stolonifera in new jersey
Plant Disease, 2011Co-Authors: E N Njambere, Stacy A Bonos, Bruce B Clarke, James A Murphy, R Buckley, S Tirpak, Ning ZhangAbstract:Waitea circinata var. circinata was first reported as the causal agent of brown ring patch on annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) in the United States in 2007 (2). In early April to mid-June of 2009, circular to irregularly shaped yellow rings resembling symptoms of this disease were observed on an annual bluegrass putting green at Rutgers University in North Brunswick, NJ. Severely infected foliage eventually turned brown as the disease progressed. During the same time period, similar disease symptoms were observed on creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) from a golf course in Bedminster Township, NJ. The disease reappeared in both locations in April of 2010. Five additional samples with similar symptoms on creeping bentgrass and annual bluegrass were received at Rutgers Diagnostic Laboratory from Paramus, Madison, Allamuchy, and Farmingdale, NJ between late April and early May of 2010. Portions of diseased leaf and sheath tissue that displayed symptoms of the disease were disinfested for 1 min in 0.5% NaOCl, rinsed with sterile distilled water, and plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with 50 mg/liter of streptomycin sulfate. At the first sign of fungal growth, single hyphal tips were transferred to PDA. After 1 week at 25°C, white-to-orange mycelial colonies formed in culture and eventually turned brown with age. Minute sclerotia (≤3 mm), which followed the same color development pattern, formed within 10 days. These features are consistent with those described of W. circinata var. circinata (2,3). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA gene was amplified using primer pair ITS1/ITS4 and sequenced with ITS4 (GenBank Accession Nos. HQ166065 to HQ166071). BLASTn analysis of the ITS sequences showed a 99 to 100% similarity to W. circinata var. circinata sequences deposited in GenBank (1,2). Pathogenicity tests were conducted in 2010 using 6-week-old creeping bentgrass seedlings cv. Declaration inoculated with colonized oat grain that had been autoclaved and then infested with the Bedminster Township isolate. Eight colonized oat grains were uniformly spread around the crowns of seedlings grown in 10-cm-diameter pots. Control plants were treated with autoclaved grain. Plants were incubated at 25°C and high humidity maintained by misting the plants three times per day. Within 3 days postinoculation, foliage near infested grain turned chlorotic. All foliage in pots became completely blighted and spherical orange-brown sclerotia were observed on leaf sheaths by the eighth day. W. circinata var. circinata was consistently reisolated from inoculated plants (as confirmed by isolate morphology and ITS sequencing) but not from control plants. The ITS sequence data, morphological characters of the isolates, and pathogenicity tests demonstrate that W. circinata var. circinata is present in New Jersey. To our knowledge, this is the first report of W. circinata var. circinata infecting turfgrass in New Jersey. References: (1) C. M. Chen et al. Plant Dis. 93:906, 2009. (2) K. A. de la Cerda et al. Plant Dis. 91:791, 2007. (3) T. Toda et al. Plant Dis. 89:536, 2005.
John C Sorochan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparison of cultivation methods impact on playability of Agrostis stolonifera greens
Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 2017Co-Authors: Kyley H Dickson, John C Sorochan, G Munshaw, Adam ThomsAbstract:Creeping bentrgrass putting greens require intense management due to stoloniferous growth (thatch accumulation) and excessive wear and traffic by equipment and golfers. Increases in thatch and soil compaction are often managed with cultivation practices, which lead to downtime for golfers. Field research was conducted in Knoxville, TN, and Elizabethtown, KY, to compare new and traditional cultivation methods for their impact on playability on creeping bentgrass putting greens. Treatments included air injection, dry sand injection, solid tine cultivation topdressed with sand, hollow tine cultivation topdressed with sand, and non-treated control. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design replicated three times at two locations. As determined 15 minutes after treatments, air injection resulted in the least reduction of green turfgrass cover, no ball roll reduction from the control, and lower reductions in surface firmness compared to other methods tested. Hollow tine had the greatest reduction in green turfgrass cover, lowest ball roll distance, and greatest reductions in surface firmness. Air injection had a lower impact on surface characteristics than hollow or solid cultivation. Because turf cover, ball roll, and firmness can all affect putting green playability, these findings indicate that air injection cultivation has the smallest impact on golfers immediately after a cultivation event.
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RESEARCH ARTICLE Cytochrome P450 Inhibitors Reduce Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) Tolerance to
2016Co-Authors: Matthew T Elmore, James T Brosnan, Gregory R Armel, Dean A Kopsell, Thomas C Mueller, D. Best, John C SorochanAbstract:Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is moderately tolerant to the p-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase-inhibiting herbicide topramezone. However, the contribution of plant metabolism of topramezone to this tolerance is unknown. Experiments were conducted to determine if known cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inhibitors 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT) and malathion alone or in combination with the herbicide safener cloquintocet-mexyl influence creeping bentgrass tolerance to topramezone. Creeping bentgrass in hydroponic culture was treated with ABT (70 μM), malathion (70 μm and 1000 g ha-1), or cloquintocet-mexyl (70 μM and 1000 g ha-1) prior to topramezone (8 g ha-1) application. Topramezone-induced injury to creeping bentgrass increased from 22 % when applied alone to 79 and 41 % when applied with malathion or ABT, respectively. Cloquintocet-mexyl (70 μM and 1000 g ha-1) reduced topramezone injury to 1 % and increased creeping bentgrass biomass and PSII quantum yield. Cloquintocet-mexyl mitigated the synergistic effects of ABT more than those of malathion. The effects of malathion on topramezone injury were supported by creeping bentgrass biomass responses. Responses to ABT and malathion suggest that creeping bentgrass tolerance to topramezone is influenced by cytochrome P450-catalyzed metabolism. Future research should elucidate primary topramezone metabolites and deter-mine the contribution of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases to metabolite formation in safened and non-safened creeping bentgrass
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cytochrome p450 inhibitors reduce creeping bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera tolerance to topramezone
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Matthew T Elmore, James T Brosnan, Gregory R Armel, Dean A Kopsell, Michael D Best, Thomas C Mueller, John C SorochanAbstract:Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is moderately tolerant to the p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-inhibiting herbicide topramezone. However, the contribution of plant metabolism of topramezone to this tolerance is unknown. Experiments were conducted to determine if known cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inhibitors 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT) and malathion alone or in combination with the herbicide safener cloquintocet-mexyl influence creeping bentgrass tolerance to topramezone. Creeping bentgrass in hydroponic culture was treated with ABT (70 μM), malathion (70 μm and 1000 g ha-1), or cloquintocet-mexyl (70 μM and 1000 g ha-1) prior to topramezone (8 g ha-1) application. Topramezone-induced injury to creeping bentgrass increased from 22% when applied alone to 79 and 41% when applied with malathion or ABT, respectively. Cloquintocet-mexyl (70 μM and 1000 g ha-1) reduced topramezone injury to 1% and increased creeping bentgrass biomass and PSII quantum yield. Cloquintocet-mexyl mitigated the synergistic effects of ABT more than those of malathion. The effects of malathion on topramezone injury were supported by creeping bentgrass biomass responses. Responses to ABT and malathion suggest that creeping bentgrass tolerance to topramezone is influenced by cytochrome P450-catalyzed metabolism. Future research should elucidate primary topramezone metabolites and determine the contribution of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases to metabolite formation in safened and non-safened creeping bentgrass.
Yan Peng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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itraq based proteomics reveals key role of γ aminobutyric acid gaba in regulating drought tolerance in perennial creeping bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Ting Huang, Mingyan Tang, Binzhen Cheng, Yan Peng, Xinquan ZhangAbstract:Abstract γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-proteinaceous amino acid, modulates plant growth and stress tolerance. However, the potential role of GABA in regulating key metabolic pathways and stress-defensive proteins against drought in plants has never been explored. Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) plants were pretreated with or without GABA and then subjected to water stress for 8 days in controlled growth chambers (23/19 °C, day/night). Physiological analysis showed that elevated endogenous GABA level via exogenous GABA application significantly mitigated water stress damage to creeping bentgrass, as manifested by increased leaf relative water content, water use efficiency, osmotic adjustment (OA), photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), net photosynthetic rate, and reduced oxidative damage. iTRAQ-based proteomics found that enhanced chaperones accumulation, carbohydrates, amino acids, and energy metabolism played important roles in protein protection, OA, energy maintenance, and metabolic balance, which is important adaptive response to drought stress in creeping bentgrass. The GABA further promoted energy production and conversion, antioxidant defense, and DHN3 accumulation that were essential for energy requirement, ROS-scavenging, and the prevention of cell dehydration in leaf during drought stress. In addition, GABA-treated plants maintained significantly higher abundance of dicarboxylate transporter 2.1, ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease, receptor-like protein kinase HERK1, o-acyltransferase WSD1, omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, and two-component response regulator ORR21 than untreated plants under drought stress. The result provides new evidences that GABA-induced drought tolerance is possibly involved in the improvement of nitrogen recycling, protection of photosystem II, mitigation of drought-depressed cell elongation, wax biosynthesis, fatty acid desaturase, and delaying leaf senescence in creeping bentgrass.
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alteration of transcripts of stress protective genes and transcriptional factors by γ aminobutyric acid gaba associated with improved heat and drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Yan Peng, Bingru HuangAbstract:Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) may play a positive role in regulating plant tolerance to drought or heat stress. The objectives of this study were to investigate the physiological effects of GABA on tolerance of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) to heat and drought stress and to determine whether enhanced heat and drought tolerance due to GABA treatment was associated with the up-regulation of selected genes and transcriptional factors involved in stress protection. Creeping bentgrass (cultivar “Penncross”) plants were treated with 0.5 mM GABA or water (untreated control) as a foliar spray and were subsequently exposed to heat stress (35/30 °C, day/night), drought stress by withholding irrigation, or non-stress conditions in controlled-environment growth chambers. Exogenous application of GABA significantly improved plant tolerance to heat and drought stress, as reflected by increased leaf water content, cell membrane stability, and chlorophyll content. The analysis of gene transcript level revealed that exogenous GABA up-regulated the expression of ABF3, POD, APX, HSP90, DHN3, and MT1 during heat stress and the expression of CDPK26, MAPK1, ABF3, WRKY75, MYB13, HSP70, MT1, 14-3-3, and genes (SOD, CAT, POD, APX, MDHAR, DHAR, and GR) encoding antioxidant enzymes during drought stress. The up-regulation of the aforementioned stress-protective genes and transcriptional factors could contribute to improved heat and drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass.
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Alteration of Transcripts of Stress-Protective Genes and Transcriptional Factors by γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Associated with Improved Heat and Drought Tolerance in Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)
MDPI AG, 2018Co-Authors: Yan Peng, Bingru HuangAbstract:Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) may play a positive role in regulating plant tolerance to drought or heat stress. The objectives of this study were to investigate the physiological effects of GABA on tolerance of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) to heat and drought stress and to determine whether enhanced heat and drought tolerance due to GABA treatment was associated with the up-regulation of selected genes and transcriptional factors involved in stress protection. Creeping bentgrass (cultivar “Penncross”) plants were treated with 0.5 mM GABA or water (untreated control) as a foliar spray and were subsequently exposed to heat stress (35/30 °C, day/night), drought stress by withholding irrigation, or non-stress conditions in controlled-environment growth chambers. Exogenous application of GABA significantly improved plant tolerance to heat and drought stress, as reflected by increased leaf water content, cell membrane stability, and chlorophyll content. The analysis of gene transcript level revealed that exogenous GABA up-regulated the expression of ABF3, POD, APX, HSP90, DHN3, and MT1 during heat stress and the expression of CDPK26, MAPK1, ABF3, WRKY75, MYB13, HSP70, MT1, 14-3-3, and genes (SOD, CAT, POD, APX, MDHAR, DHAR, and GR) encoding antioxidant enzymes during drought stress. The up-regulation of the aforementioned stress-protective genes and transcriptional factors could contribute to improved heat and drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass
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metabolic pathways regulated by abscisic acid salicylic acid and γ aminobutyric acid in association with improved drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera
Physiologia Plantarum, 2017Co-Authors: Yan Peng, Bingru HuangAbstract:Abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are known to play roles in regulating plant stress responses. This study was conducted to determine metabolites and associated pathways regulated by ABA, SA and GABA that could contribute to drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). Plants were foliar sprayed with ABA (5 μM), GABA (0.5 mM) and SA (10 μM) or water (untreated control) prior to 25 days drought stress in controlled growth chambers. Application of ABA, GABA or SA had similar positive effects on alleviating drought damages, as manifested by the maintenance of lower electrolyte leakage and greater relative water content in leaves of treated plants relative to the untreated control. Metabolic profiling showed that ABA, GABA and SA induced differential metabolic changes under drought stress. ABA mainly promoted the accumulation of organic acids associated with tricarboxylic acid cycle (aconitic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid and malic acid). SA strongly stimulated the accumulation of amino acids (proline, serine, threonine and alanine) and carbohydrates (glucose, mannose, fructose and cellobiose). GABA enhanced the accumulation of amino acids (GABA, glycine, valine, proline, 5-oxoproline, serine, threonine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid) and organic acids (malic acid, lactic acid, gluconic acid, malonic acid and ribonic acid). The enhanced drought tolerance could be mainly due to the enhanced respiration metabolism by ABA, amino acids and carbohydrates involved in osmotic adjustment (OA) and energy metabolism by SA, and amino acid metabolism related to OA and stress-defense secondary metabolism by GABA.
Patrick Burgess - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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interactive effects of melatonin and cytokinin on alleviating drought induced leaf senescence in creeping bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera
Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2018Co-Authors: Jing Zhang, Patrick Burgess, Stephanie Rossi, Bingru HuangAbstract:Abstract Drought stress induces leaf senescence while cytokinins (CK) and melatonin (ME) play roles in regulating leaf senescence. The objectives of this study were to determine whether ME alone or interacting with CK could suppress drought-induced leaf senescence through mediating CK pathways and chlorophyll catabolism in creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera ). Plants of wild type (‘WT’) (cv. ‘Penncross’) or a transgenic line (‘S41′) harbouring isopentenyltransferase ( ipt ) gene were foliar sprayed with either 20 μM ME or water and exposed to drought stress for 14 d in growth chambers. Exogenous applied ME increased visual quality, photochemical efficiency, chlorophyll content and relative water content, while it suppressed leaf electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide production in both WT and ipt -transgenic plants. Cytokinin-signaling and synthesis genes were also significantly up-regulated in ME-treated ipt -transgenic plants. Dehydration responsive genes ( JUB1 and DREB2A ) were up-regulated and chlorophyll-degradation genes ( Chlase , PPH and Chl-PRX ) and enzyme activities were significantly down-regulated by ME application. Endogenous melatonin content and ME-biosynthesis genes ( TDC1 , SNAT1 , and COMT ) expression increased in ipt -transgenic plants with ME treatment. ME-alleviation of drought-induced leaf senescence in creeping bentgrass was associated with the down-regulation of chlorophyll catabolism and the synergistically interaction with CK-synthesis gene and signaling pathways.
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enhancing cytokinin synthesis by overexpressing ipt alleviated drought inhibition of root growth through activating ros scavenging systems in Agrostis stolonifera
Journal of Experimental Botany, 2016Co-Authors: Patrick Burgess, Xunzhong Zhang, Bingru HuangAbstract:Drought stress limits root growth and inhibits cytokinin (CK) production. Increases in CK production through overexpression of isopentenyltransferase (ipt) alleviate drought damages to promote root growth. The objective of this study was to investigate whether CK-regulated root growth was involved in the alteration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ROS scavenging capacity under drought stress. Wild-type (WT) creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L. ‘Penncross’) and a transgenic line (S41) overexpressing ipt ligated to a senescence-activated promoter (SAG12) were exposed to drought stress for 21 d in growth chambers. SAG12-ipt transgenic S41 developed a more extensive root system under drought stress compared to the WT. Root physiological analysis (electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation) showed that S41 roots exhibited less cellular damage compared to the WT under drought stress. Roots of SAG12-ipt transgenic S41 had significantly higher endogenous CK content than the WT roots under drought stress. ROS (hydrogen peroxide and superoxide) content was significantly lower and content of total and free ascorbate was significantly higher in S41 roots compared to the WT roots under drought stress. Enzymatic assays and transcript abundance analysis showed that superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and dehydroascorbate reductase were significantly higher in S41 roots compared to the WT roots under drought stress. S41 roots also maintained significantly higher alternative respiration rates compared to the WT under drought stress. The improved root growth of transgenic creeping bentgrass may be facilitated by CK-enhanced ROS scavenging through antioxidant accumulation and activation of antioxidant enzymes, as well as higher alternative respiration rates when soil water is limited.
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Growth and physiological responses of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) to elevated carbon dioxide concentrations
Horticulture Research, 2014Co-Authors: Patrick Burgess, Bingru HuangAbstract:The atmospheric carbon dioxide level has increased and is predicted to continue increasing, which may affect various aspects of plant growth. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of doubling the carbon dioxide level on the growth and physiological activities of a widely utilized cool-season turfgrass species, creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera L. ‘Penncross’). ‘Penncross’ plants were established in fritted clay medium and maintained under well-irrigated and well-fertilized conditions in growth chambers. The plants were exposed to either ambient carbon dioxide concentrations (400±10 µmol L^−1) or elevated carbon dioxide concentrations (800±10 µmol L^−1) for 12 weeks. Plants grown under elevated carbon dioxide displayed a significantly faster growth rate of their lateral stems (stolons) and increased shoot and root dry weight but a reduced specific leaf area compared to those plants at ambient carbon dioxide levels. Fast stolon growth is a highly desirable trait for turfgrass establishment and recovery from physical damage. The root length and surface area were also increased due to the elevated CO_2, which may facilitate water uptake and serve critical drought-avoidance roles when irrigation water is limited. Elevated carbon dioxide caused an increase in the leaf net photosynthetic rate but a reduction in the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, contributing to improved water use efficiency in creeping bentgrass. Efficient water use is especially important for turfgrass plant survival when irrigation water is limited. Our results suggested that cool-season turfgrass species may greatly benefit from increasingly elevated carbon dioxide concentrations via growth promotion and increasing water use efficiency. Doubling the current level of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO_2) increases the growth and water-use efficiency of a cool-season turf grass. Both traits are critical for effective management of the more than 35, 000 km^2 of turfgrass in the USA alone. Similar findings have been reported for other plants but this study by Patrick Burgess and Bingru Huang of Rutgers University in the USA is the first on creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera ), a perennial grass. Faster growth of the lateral stems (stolons) and increased photosynthesis under conditions of elevated CO_2 would promote both the establishment of field-grown creeping bentgrass and its recovery from physical damage. The associated reductions in water loss and leaf area would reduce the needs for irrigation and frequent mowing, respectively. Increased root length and surface area would facilitate water uptake.
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growth and physiological responses of creeping bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera to elevated carbon dioxide concentrations
Horticulture research, 2014Co-Authors: Patrick Burgess, Bingru HuangAbstract:The atmospheric carbon dioxide level has increased and is predicted to continue increasing, which may affect various aspects of plant growth. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of doubling the carbon dioxide level on the growth and physiological activities of a widely utilized cool-season turfgrass species, creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L. ‘Penncross’). ‘Penncross’ plants were established in fritted clay medium and maintained under well-irrigated and well-fertilized conditions in growth chambers. The plants were exposed to either ambient carbon dioxide concentrations (400±10 µmol L−1) or elevated carbon dioxide concentrations (800±10 µmol L−1) for 12 weeks. Plants grown under elevated carbon dioxide displayed a significantly faster growth rate of their lateral stems (stolons) and increased shoot and root dry weight but a reduced specific leaf area compared to those plants at ambient carbon dioxide levels. Fast stolon growth is a highly desirable trait for turfgrass establishment and recovery from physical damage. The root length and surface area were also increased due to the elevated CO2, which may facilitate water uptake and serve critical drought-avoidance roles when irrigation water is limited. Elevated carbon dioxide caused an increase in the leaf net photosynthetic rate but a reduction in the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, contributing to improved water use efficiency in creeping bentgrass. Efficient water use is especially important for turfgrass plant survival when irrigation water is limited. Our results suggested that cool-season turfgrass species may greatly benefit from increasingly elevated carbon dioxide concentrations via growth promotion and increasing water use efficiency.