The Experts below are selected from a list of 351 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Pedro A Casas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • choked flow in water co2 solutions on Air Independent Propulsion systems
    Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Isidoro Martinez, Pedro A Casas
    Abstract:

    We develop a simplified model of choked flow in pipes for CO2-water solutions as an important step in the modelling of a whole hydraulic system with the intention of eliminating the carbon dioxide generated in Air-Independent submarine Propulsion. The model is based on an approximate fitting of the homogeneous isentropic solution upstream of a valve (or any other area restriction), for given fluid conditions at the entrance. The relative maximum choking back-pressure is computed as a function of area restriction ratio. Although the procedure is generic for gas solutions, numeric values for the non-dimensional parameters in the analysis are developed only for choking in the case of carbon dioxide solutions up to the pure-water limit.

  • Choked flow in water/CO2 solutions on Air-Independent Propulsion systems
    Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Isidoro Martinez, Pedro A Casas
    Abstract:

    We develop a simplified model of choked flow in pipes for CO2-water solutions as an important step in the modelling of a whole hydraulic system with the intention of eliminating the carbon dioxide generated in Air-Independent submarine Propulsion. The model is based on an approximate fitting of the homogeneous isentropic solution upstream of a valve (or any other area restriction), for given fluid conditions at the entrance. The relative maximum choking back-pressure is computed as a function of area restriction ratio. Although the procedure is generic for gas solutions, numeric values for the non-dimensional parameters in the analysis are developed only for choking in the case of carbon dioxide solutions up to the pure-water limit.

Gunter Sattler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • fuel cell systems for submarines from the first idea to serial production
    Journal of Power Sources, 2002
    Co-Authors: Angela Psoma, Gunter Sattler
    Abstract:

    The future submarines of Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft AG (HDW) will be equipped with fuel cell power plants for Air Independent Propulsion. In the 1970s the decision for a fuel cell system on submarines was made. Tests in the 1980s confirmed the feasibility of fuel cells on submarines. Positive development results in the 1990s led to series production of fuel cell equipped submarines, which will be in operation from 2003 onwards. Strictly controlled development work was necessary to reach the goal of series production. The train of thought behind this process of development is described in this paper starting with the initial idea and ending with the description of the serial production of the fuel cell power plant. The future outlook gives an impression of current development work.

  • pefcs for naval ships and submarines many tasks one solution
    Journal of Power Sources, 1998
    Co-Authors: Gunter Sattler
    Abstract:

    Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) for Air-Independent Propulsion systems have been developed and tested under submarine conditions and are thus ready for submarine application. A demand analysis and the presentation of the requirements for naval surface ships and submarines will be followed by the description of the realisation concepts for PEFC Propulsion plants. Based on the results of FC operation on board of a submarine and the system design for the new German submarine Class 212, synergy effects will be derived from that for surface ships. Finally, future aspects will be pointed out including PEFC Propulsion for merchant ships.

Isidoro Martinez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • choked flow in water co2 solutions on Air Independent Propulsion systems
    Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Isidoro Martinez, Pedro A Casas
    Abstract:

    We develop a simplified model of choked flow in pipes for CO2-water solutions as an important step in the modelling of a whole hydraulic system with the intention of eliminating the carbon dioxide generated in Air-Independent submarine Propulsion. The model is based on an approximate fitting of the homogeneous isentropic solution upstream of a valve (or any other area restriction), for given fluid conditions at the entrance. The relative maximum choking back-pressure is computed as a function of area restriction ratio. Although the procedure is generic for gas solutions, numeric values for the non-dimensional parameters in the analysis are developed only for choking in the case of carbon dioxide solutions up to the pure-water limit.

  • Choked flow in water/CO2 solutions on Air-Independent Propulsion systems
    Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Isidoro Martinez, Pedro A Casas
    Abstract:

    We develop a simplified model of choked flow in pipes for CO2-water solutions as an important step in the modelling of a whole hydraulic system with the intention of eliminating the carbon dioxide generated in Air-Independent submarine Propulsion. The model is based on an approximate fitting of the homogeneous isentropic solution upstream of a valve (or any other area restriction), for given fluid conditions at the entrance. The relative maximum choking back-pressure is computed as a function of area restriction ratio. Although the procedure is generic for gas solutions, numeric values for the non-dimensional parameters in the analysis are developed only for choking in the case of carbon dioxide solutions up to the pure-water limit.

Tony Shay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • analysis of fuel cell applied for submarine Air Independent Propulsion aip system
    Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Jenchieh Lee, Tony Shay
    Abstract:

    In this paper, the performance of a 2000-ton hybrid AIP system submarine is investigated by analyzing the weight, volume and efficiency of its Propulsion system. The engine of the investigated AIP system employs a low temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell which makes use of the hydrogen and oxygen as the reactants. More specifically, the reactants of fuel cell in this study are considered from the combination of three fuel storage systems, methanol (MeOH), liquid hydrogen (LH_2) and metal hydride (MH_2), and two oxidant storage systems, liquid oxygen (LOX) and compressed oxygen (O_2). Based on the assumed various daily Propulsion load consumptions, a Propulsion system of a 3500 kW diesel generator, a 300 kW fuel cell, and a 7500 kWh energy capacity Li-ion battery bank is determined. With the system installed in the submarine, the maximum designed endurance can reach a total of 26 days for the fuel cell using the combination of reactant LH_2+LOX, and the minimum designed endurance can be up to 10 days for using the reactant MH_2+O2. For submarine cruising at zero speed, the submerged endurance of the AIP system using reactant LH2  LOX plus battery bank is 22.8 times of that using battery bank alone. This value will increase to 25.0 times for submarine cruising at 7.4 knots. At the cruising speed of 5.5 knots, the maximum submerged range of submarine increases a factor of 24.1 for fuel cell using the reactant of LH_2+LOX as compared with operation on battery bank alone. Therefore, the submerged endurance is substantial enhanced for using the combination of fuel cell and battery. In addition, the indiscretion ratio is zero for the AIP system submarine with a cruising speed below 7.1 knots; this can greatly reduce the submarine vulnerability. Based on the weight and volume analysis of the submarine equipped with a hybrid AIP system, the usage of the reactant LH_2+LOX is well suited for a small- to medium-sized 2000-ton submarine with a fuel cell system. Furthermore, using the reactant MeOH+LOX has the advantage for large-sized LT-PEMFC AIP system submarines.

Jenchieh Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • analysis of fuel cell applied for submarine Air Independent Propulsion aip system
    Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Jenchieh Lee, Tony Shay
    Abstract:

    In this paper, the performance of a 2000-ton hybrid AIP system submarine is investigated by analyzing the weight, volume and efficiency of its Propulsion system. The engine of the investigated AIP system employs a low temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell which makes use of the hydrogen and oxygen as the reactants. More specifically, the reactants of fuel cell in this study are considered from the combination of three fuel storage systems, methanol (MeOH), liquid hydrogen (LH_2) and metal hydride (MH_2), and two oxidant storage systems, liquid oxygen (LOX) and compressed oxygen (O_2). Based on the assumed various daily Propulsion load consumptions, a Propulsion system of a 3500 kW diesel generator, a 300 kW fuel cell, and a 7500 kWh energy capacity Li-ion battery bank is determined. With the system installed in the submarine, the maximum designed endurance can reach a total of 26 days for the fuel cell using the combination of reactant LH_2+LOX, and the minimum designed endurance can be up to 10 days for using the reactant MH_2+O2. For submarine cruising at zero speed, the submerged endurance of the AIP system using reactant LH2  LOX plus battery bank is 22.8 times of that using battery bank alone. This value will increase to 25.0 times for submarine cruising at 7.4 knots. At the cruising speed of 5.5 knots, the maximum submerged range of submarine increases a factor of 24.1 for fuel cell using the reactant of LH_2+LOX as compared with operation on battery bank alone. Therefore, the submerged endurance is substantial enhanced for using the combination of fuel cell and battery. In addition, the indiscretion ratio is zero for the AIP system submarine with a cruising speed below 7.1 knots; this can greatly reduce the submarine vulnerability. Based on the weight and volume analysis of the submarine equipped with a hybrid AIP system, the usage of the reactant LH_2+LOX is well suited for a small- to medium-sized 2000-ton submarine with a fuel cell system. Furthermore, using the reactant MeOH+LOX has the advantage for large-sized LT-PEMFC AIP system submarines.