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Rafael A Garcia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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producing docosahexaenoic acid dha rich algae from biodiesel derived crude glycerol effects of impurities on dha production and Algal Biomass composition
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2008Co-Authors: Denver J Pyle, Rafael A GarciaAbstract:Crude glycerol is the primary byproduct of the biodiesel industry. Producing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) through fermentation of the alga Schizochytrium limacinum on crude glycerol provides a unique opportunity to utilize a large quantity of this byproduct. The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of impurities contained in the crude glycerol on DHA production and Algal Biomass composition. Crude glycerol streams were obtained from different biodiesel refineries. All of the glycerol samples contained methanol, soaps, and various elements including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, sodium, and zinc. Both methanol and soap were found to negatively influence Algal DHA production; these two impurities can be removed from culture medium by evaporation through autoclaving (for methanol) and by precipitation through pH adjustment (for soap). The glycerol-derived Algal Biomass contained 45−50% lipid, 14−20% protein, and 25% carbohydrate, with 8−13% ash content. Palmitic acid (C16:0...
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Producing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich algae from biodiesel-derived crude glycerol: Effects of impurities on DHA production and Algal Biomass composition
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2008Co-Authors: Denver J Pyle, Rafael A Garcia, Zhiyou WenAbstract:Crude glycerol is the primary byproduct of the biodiesel industry. Producing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) through fermentation of the alga Schizochytrium limacinum on crude glycerol provides a unique opportunity to utilize a large quantity of this byproduct. The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of impurities contained in the crude glycerol on DHA production and Algal Biomass composition. Crude glycerol streams were obtained from different biodiesel refineries. All of the glycerol samples contained methanol, soaps, and various elements including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, sodium, and zinc. Both methanol and soap were found to negatively influence Algal DHA production; these two impurities can be removed from culture medium by evaporation through autoclaving (for methanol) and by precipitation through pH adjustment (for soap). The glycerol-derived Algal Biomass contained 45-50% lipid, 14-20% protein, and 25% carbohydrate, with 8-13% ash content. Palmitic acid (C16:0) and DHA were the two major fatty acids in the Algal lipid. The Algal Biomass was rich in lysine and cysteine, relative to many common feedstuffs. Elemental analysis by inductively coupled plasma showed that boron, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, sodium, and sulfur were present in the Biomass, whereas no heavy metals (such as mercury) were detected in the Algal Biomass. Overall, the results show that crude glycerol was a suitable carbon source for Algal fermentation. The crude glycerol-derived Algal Biomass had a high level of DHA and a nutritional profile similar to that of commercial Algal Biomass, suggesting a great potential for using crude glycerol-derived algae in omega-3-fortified food or feed.
Denver J Pyle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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producing docosahexaenoic acid dha rich algae from biodiesel derived crude glycerol effects of impurities on dha production and Algal Biomass composition
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2008Co-Authors: Denver J Pyle, Rafael A GarciaAbstract:Crude glycerol is the primary byproduct of the biodiesel industry. Producing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) through fermentation of the alga Schizochytrium limacinum on crude glycerol provides a unique opportunity to utilize a large quantity of this byproduct. The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of impurities contained in the crude glycerol on DHA production and Algal Biomass composition. Crude glycerol streams were obtained from different biodiesel refineries. All of the glycerol samples contained methanol, soaps, and various elements including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, sodium, and zinc. Both methanol and soap were found to negatively influence Algal DHA production; these two impurities can be removed from culture medium by evaporation through autoclaving (for methanol) and by precipitation through pH adjustment (for soap). The glycerol-derived Algal Biomass contained 45−50% lipid, 14−20% protein, and 25% carbohydrate, with 8−13% ash content. Palmitic acid (C16:0...
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Producing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich algae from biodiesel-derived crude glycerol: Effects of impurities on DHA production and Algal Biomass composition
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2008Co-Authors: Denver J Pyle, Rafael A Garcia, Zhiyou WenAbstract:Crude glycerol is the primary byproduct of the biodiesel industry. Producing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) through fermentation of the alga Schizochytrium limacinum on crude glycerol provides a unique opportunity to utilize a large quantity of this byproduct. The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of impurities contained in the crude glycerol on DHA production and Algal Biomass composition. Crude glycerol streams were obtained from different biodiesel refineries. All of the glycerol samples contained methanol, soaps, and various elements including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, sodium, and zinc. Both methanol and soap were found to negatively influence Algal DHA production; these two impurities can be removed from culture medium by evaporation through autoclaving (for methanol) and by precipitation through pH adjustment (for soap). The glycerol-derived Algal Biomass contained 45-50% lipid, 14-20% protein, and 25% carbohydrate, with 8-13% ash content. Palmitic acid (C16:0) and DHA were the two major fatty acids in the Algal lipid. The Algal Biomass was rich in lysine and cysteine, relative to many common feedstuffs. Elemental analysis by inductively coupled plasma showed that boron, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, sodium, and sulfur were present in the Biomass, whereas no heavy metals (such as mercury) were detected in the Algal Biomass. Overall, the results show that crude glycerol was a suitable carbon source for Algal fermentation. The crude glycerol-derived Algal Biomass had a high level of DHA and a nutritional profile similar to that of commercial Algal Biomass, suggesting a great potential for using crude glycerol-derived algae in omega-3-fortified food or feed.
Zhiyou Wen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Producing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich algae from biodiesel-derived crude glycerol: Effects of impurities on DHA production and Algal Biomass composition
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2008Co-Authors: Denver J Pyle, Rafael A Garcia, Zhiyou WenAbstract:Crude glycerol is the primary byproduct of the biodiesel industry. Producing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) through fermentation of the alga Schizochytrium limacinum on crude glycerol provides a unique opportunity to utilize a large quantity of this byproduct. The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of impurities contained in the crude glycerol on DHA production and Algal Biomass composition. Crude glycerol streams were obtained from different biodiesel refineries. All of the glycerol samples contained methanol, soaps, and various elements including calcium, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, sodium, and zinc. Both methanol and soap were found to negatively influence Algal DHA production; these two impurities can be removed from culture medium by evaporation through autoclaving (for methanol) and by precipitation through pH adjustment (for soap). The glycerol-derived Algal Biomass contained 45-50% lipid, 14-20% protein, and 25% carbohydrate, with 8-13% ash content. Palmitic acid (C16:0) and DHA were the two major fatty acids in the Algal lipid. The Algal Biomass was rich in lysine and cysteine, relative to many common feedstuffs. Elemental analysis by inductively coupled plasma showed that boron, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, sodium, and sulfur were present in the Biomass, whereas no heavy metals (such as mercury) were detected in the Algal Biomass. Overall, the results show that crude glycerol was a suitable carbon source for Algal fermentation. The crude glycerol-derived Algal Biomass had a high level of DHA and a nutritional profile similar to that of commercial Algal Biomass, suggesting a great potential for using crude glycerol-derived algae in omega-3-fortified food or feed.
Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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enhanced methane production from Algal Biomass through short duration enzymatic pretreatment and codigestion with carbon rich waste
RSC Advances, 2015Co-Authors: Anushree Malik, Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Virendra Kumar Vijay, T R SreekrishnanAbstract:Anaerobic digestion of Algal Biomass faces problems of low digestibility due to cell wall resistance and inappropriate carbon to nitrogen ratio. In the present work a short duration method involving fungal crude enzyme based pretreatment of Algal Biomass was disclosed. The effect of fungal crude enzymes on Algal Biomass was assessed qualitatively through visual and microscopic observations and quantitatively through measuring Algal Biomass solubilization. Up to 50% Biomass COD solubilization was observed within 150 min of pretreatment under optimal conditions. Subsequent anaerobic digestion of pretreated Algal Biomass showed production of 324.38 mL CH4 g−1 VSfed as compared to 254.73 mL CH4 g−1 VSfed from untreated Algal Biomass. Interestingly, methane yield increased up to 413.89 mL g−1 VSfed when pretreated Algal Biomass was codigested with cattle dung. On the other hand, sugarcane bagasse had a negative effect on Algal Biomass codigestion due to its poor digestibility. Overall, the present attempt showed promising results by improving methane yield from Algal Biomass though pretreatment and codigestion.
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pretreatment of Algal Biomass using fungal crude enzymes
Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts, 2015Co-Authors: Anushree Malik, Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Arghya Bhattacharya, Virendra Kumar VijayAbstract:Abstract In the present study, two fungal strains were tested for production of crude enzyme using sugarcane bagasse. The fungal crude enzymes were tested for Algal Biomass pretreatment. The visual observations along with the microscopic (phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy) analysis and automated cell counter imaging modes involving sytox green staining confirmed the efficient action of fungal crude enzyme on Algal cells. Furthermore, upon quantitative analysis, it was observed that 20% dose (v/v) of Aspergillus lentulus crude enzyme (AL2) had a significant pretreatment effect on Chroococcus sp. Biomass. AL2 resulted in nearly 100% cell death of Chroococcus sp. within 48 h incubation at 30 °C. Additionally, up to 44% and 46% of total sugar and COD of Biomass, respectively, were also solubilised with the action of AL2. As the investigated method showed good capabilities in solubilising the Algal Biomass, it holds great application potential for Algal biofuel production where Algal Biomass pretreatment is required. However, further attempts are needed to optimize the process parameters of investigated pre-treatment process in order to make it feasible and widely acceptable.
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phycoremediation coupled production of Algal Biomass harvesting and anaerobic digestion possibilities and challenges
Biotechnology Advances, 2013Co-Authors: Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Prachi Kaushik, Virendra Kumar VijayAbstract:Biogas produced from anaerobic digestion is a versatile and environment friendly fuel which traditionally utilizes cattle dung as the substrate. In the recent years, owing to its high content of biodegradable compounds, Algal Biomass has emerged as a potential feedstock for biogas production. Moreover, the ability of algae to treat wastewater and fix CO2 from waste gas streams makes it an environmental friendly and economically feasible feedstock. The present review focuses on the possibility of utilizing wastewater as the nutrient and waste gases as the CO2 source for Algal Biomass production and subsequent biogas generation. Studies describing the various harvesting methods of Algal Biomass as well as its anaerobic digestion have been compiled and discussed. Studies targeting the most recent advancements on biogas enrichment by algae have been discussed. Apart from highlighting the various advantages of utilizing Algal Biomass for biogas production, limitations of the process such as cell wall resistivity towards digestion and inhibitions caused due to ammonia toxicity and the possible strategies for overcoming the same have been reviewed. The studies compiled in the present review indicate that if the challenges posed in translating the lab scale studies on phycoremediation and biogas production to pilot scale are overcome, Algal biogas could become the sustainable and economically feasible source of renewable energy.
Anushree Malik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mass scale Algal Biomass production using Algal biofilm reactor and conversion to energy and chemical precursors by hydropyrolysis
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Poonam Choudhary, Anushree Malik, K K PantAbstract:A pilot-scale Algal biofilm reactor (P-ABR) was assessed for its potential to provide a continuous supply of high volume Algal Biomass to be utilized as feedstock for hydropyrolysis. The half-year long performance assessment showed significantly high productivity of 15–20 g m–2 d–1 with uniform biochemical composition. Hydropyrolysis (HyPy) using ZSM-5 was used to convert and partition ABR-grown Algal Biomass components into energy-rich biocrude (HyPyO), nutrient-rich aqueous condensate (HyPyA), carbon-rich solid residue (HyPyS), and gases. The effect of temperature on yield and composition of different HyPy products was quantified in terms of carbon and nitrogen recovery. The maximum yield of biocrude was 31% at 200 °C and decreased to 18% with an increase in temperature up to 300 °C. The influence of temperature on recovery of nitrogen showed preferential accumulation of nitrogen in the aqueous phase with increasing temperature. The highest carbon recovered was 41% in the form of biocrude (HyPyO) at 200...
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Mass-Scale Algal Biomass Production Using Algal Biofilm Reactor and Conversion to Energy and Chemical Precursors by Hydropyrolysis
2017Co-Authors: Poonam Choudhary, Anushree Malik, K K PantAbstract:A pilot-scale Algal biofilm reactor (P-ABR) was assessed for its potential to provide a continuous supply of high volume Algal Biomass to be utilized as feedstock for hydropyrolysis. The half-year long performance assessment showed significantly high productivity of 15–20 g m–2 d–1 with uniform biochemical composition. Hydropyrolysis (HyPy) using ZSM-5 was used to convert and partition ABR-grown Algal Biomass components into energy-rich biocrude (HyPyO), nutrient-rich aqueous condensate (HyPyA), carbon-rich solid residue (HyPyS), and gases. The effect of temperature on yield and composition of different HyPy products was quantified in terms of carbon and nitrogen recovery. The maximum yield of biocrude was 31% at 200 °C and decreased to 18% with an increase in temperature up to 300 °C. The influence of temperature on recovery of nitrogen showed preferential accumulation of nitrogen in the aqueous phase with increasing temperature. The highest carbon recovered was 41% in the form of biocrude (HyPyO) at 200 °C followed by 31% in HyPyA at 300 °C. In the context of energy and nutrient recovery potential of each of the HyPy products, applications of different fractions was explored for development of a sustainable Algal biorefinery
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enhanced methane production from Algal Biomass through short duration enzymatic pretreatment and codigestion with carbon rich waste
RSC Advances, 2015Co-Authors: Anushree Malik, Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Virendra Kumar Vijay, T R SreekrishnanAbstract:Anaerobic digestion of Algal Biomass faces problems of low digestibility due to cell wall resistance and inappropriate carbon to nitrogen ratio. In the present work a short duration method involving fungal crude enzyme based pretreatment of Algal Biomass was disclosed. The effect of fungal crude enzymes on Algal Biomass was assessed qualitatively through visual and microscopic observations and quantitatively through measuring Algal Biomass solubilization. Up to 50% Biomass COD solubilization was observed within 150 min of pretreatment under optimal conditions. Subsequent anaerobic digestion of pretreated Algal Biomass showed production of 324.38 mL CH4 g−1 VSfed as compared to 254.73 mL CH4 g−1 VSfed from untreated Algal Biomass. Interestingly, methane yield increased up to 413.89 mL g−1 VSfed when pretreated Algal Biomass was codigested with cattle dung. On the other hand, sugarcane bagasse had a negative effect on Algal Biomass codigestion due to its poor digestibility. Overall, the present attempt showed promising results by improving methane yield from Algal Biomass though pretreatment and codigestion.
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pretreatment of Algal Biomass using fungal crude enzymes
Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts, 2015Co-Authors: Anushree Malik, Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Arghya Bhattacharya, Virendra Kumar VijayAbstract:Abstract In the present study, two fungal strains were tested for production of crude enzyme using sugarcane bagasse. The fungal crude enzymes were tested for Algal Biomass pretreatment. The visual observations along with the microscopic (phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy) analysis and automated cell counter imaging modes involving sytox green staining confirmed the efficient action of fungal crude enzyme on Algal cells. Furthermore, upon quantitative analysis, it was observed that 20% dose (v/v) of Aspergillus lentulus crude enzyme (AL2) had a significant pretreatment effect on Chroococcus sp. Biomass. AL2 resulted in nearly 100% cell death of Chroococcus sp. within 48 h incubation at 30 °C. Additionally, up to 44% and 46% of total sugar and COD of Biomass, respectively, were also solubilised with the action of AL2. As the investigated method showed good capabilities in solubilising the Algal Biomass, it holds great application potential for Algal biofuel production where Algal Biomass pretreatment is required. However, further attempts are needed to optimize the process parameters of investigated pre-treatment process in order to make it feasible and widely acceptable.