The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Wenjuan Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • co2 emission trends of china s primary Aluminum Industry a scenario analysis using system dynamics model
    Energy Policy, 2017
    Co-Authors: Wenjuan Zhang
    Abstract:

    China announced its promise on CO2 emission peak. When and what level of CO2 emission peak China's primary Aluminum Industry will reach is in suspense. In this paper, a system dynamic model is established, with five subsystems of economy development, primary Aluminum production, secondary Aluminum production, CO2 emission intensity and policies making involved. The model is applied to examine potential CO2 emission trends of China's primary Aluminum Industry in next fifteen years with three scenarios of “no new policies”, “13th five-year plan” and “additional policies”. Simulation results imply that: merely relying on rapid expansion of domestic scarps recycling and reuse could not mitigate CO2 emission continuously. Combination of energy-saving technology application and electrolytic technology innovation, as well as promoting hydropower utilization in primary Aluminum Industry are necessary for long term low-carbon development. From a global prospective, enhancing international cooperation on new primary Aluminum capacity construction in other countries, especially with rich low-carbon energy, could bring about essential CO2 emission for both China's and global primary Aluminum Industry.

  • co2 emission and mitigation potential estimations of china s primary Aluminum Industry
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2015
    Co-Authors: Wenjuan Zhang, Bo Chen, Xinjuan Hou, H Zhang
    Abstract:

    This paper reviews the features of bauxite resources and fuels utilized in China's primary Aluminum Industry, which was not adequately discussed in previous studies with the existing general CO2 assessment approach. Targeted at this matter, this article develops a bottom-up calculation and scenario analysis model to estimate CO2 emissions and reduction potentials for China's primary Aluminum Industry. In this model, the complex structures of feedstock, technology and electric power are completely considered. CO2 emissions from alumina and Aluminum production in the selected year are calculated using this model, and emissions associated with five distinct refining technologies and smelters in the six regional power grids are examined in detail. Results show that CO2 emissions of primary Aluminum production in China could decrease at various extents through implementing alternative countermeasures for ore quality changes and policies adjustment in the future. It's expected that wide adoption of SBSP and IBP as well as further elirriination of LSSP and SPCP have a reduction potential of 6%, which is almost equivalent to the cutting effect of SBP domination. For smelting stage, the maximum reduction potential of 20% is projected for 2020, as the current international best available value of power consumption is achieved. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Yong Geng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ghg emissions from primary Aluminum production in china regional disparity and policy implications
    Applied Energy, 2016
    Co-Authors: Yong Geng, Wen Hang
    Abstract:

    China is the world-leading primary Aluminum production country, which contributed to over half of global production in 2014. Primary Aluminum production is power-intensive, for which power generation has substantial impact on overall Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. In this study, we explore the impact of regional disparity of China’s power generation system on GHG emissions for the sector of primary Aluminum production. Our analysis reveals that the national GHG emissions factor (GEF) of China’s primary Aluminum production was 16.5tCO2e/t Al ingot in 2013, with province-level GEFs ranging from 8.2 to 21.7tCO2e/t Al ingot. There is a high coincidence of provinces with high Aluminum productions and high GEFs. Total GHG emissions from China’s primary Aluminum production were 421mtCO2e in 2013, approximately accounting for 4% of China’s total GHG emissions. Under the 2020 scenario, GEF shows a 13.2% reduction compared to the 2013 level, but total GHG emissions will increase to 551mtCO2e. Based on our analysis, we recommend that the government should further promote energy efficiency improvement, facilitate Aluminum Industry redistribution with low-carbon consideration, promote secondary Aluminum production, and improve Aluminum Industry data reporting and disclosure.

  • uncovering driving forces on greenhouse gas emissions in china Aluminum Industry from the perspective of life cycle analysis
    Applied Energy, 2016
    Co-Authors: Yong Geng, Zhe Liu, Michelle Adams, Liang Dong, Lina Sun, Jingjing Zhao
    Abstract:

    With the rapid growth of Aluminum production, reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in China’s Aluminum Industry (CAI) is posing a significant challenge. In this study, the energy-related GHG emission trajectories, features and driving forces of CAI are analyzed from the perspective of life cycle analysis (LCA) from 2004 to 2013. Results indicate that CAI experienced a rapid growth of energy-related GHG emissions with an average annual growth of 28.5 million tons CO2e from 2004 to 2013. Energy-scale effect is the main driving force for energy-related GHG emissions increase in CAI, while emission-factor effect of secondary Aluminum production plays a marginal effect. Construction and transportation-related activities account for the bulk of the embodied emissions, accounting for more than 40% of the total embodied emissions from CAI. Policy implications for GHG mitigation within the CAI, such as developing secondary Aluminum Industry, improving energy mix and optimizing resource efficiency of production, are raised.

Liang Dong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • uncovering driving forces on greenhouse gas emissions in china Aluminum Industry from the perspective of life cycle analysis
    Applied Energy, 2016
    Co-Authors: Yong Geng, Zhe Liu, Michelle Adams, Liang Dong, Lina Sun, Jingjing Zhao
    Abstract:

    With the rapid growth of Aluminum production, reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in China’s Aluminum Industry (CAI) is posing a significant challenge. In this study, the energy-related GHG emission trajectories, features and driving forces of CAI are analyzed from the perspective of life cycle analysis (LCA) from 2004 to 2013. Results indicate that CAI experienced a rapid growth of energy-related GHG emissions with an average annual growth of 28.5 million tons CO2e from 2004 to 2013. Energy-scale effect is the main driving force for energy-related GHG emissions increase in CAI, while emission-factor effect of secondary Aluminum production plays a marginal effect. Construction and transportation-related activities account for the bulk of the embodied emissions, accounting for more than 40% of the total embodied emissions from CAI. Policy implications for GHG mitigation within the CAI, such as developing secondary Aluminum Industry, improving energy mix and optimizing resource efficiency of production, are raised.

H Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • co2 emission and mitigation potential estimations of china s primary Aluminum Industry
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2015
    Co-Authors: Wenjuan Zhang, Bo Chen, Xinjuan Hou, H Zhang
    Abstract:

    This paper reviews the features of bauxite resources and fuels utilized in China's primary Aluminum Industry, which was not adequately discussed in previous studies with the existing general CO2 assessment approach. Targeted at this matter, this article develops a bottom-up calculation and scenario analysis model to estimate CO2 emissions and reduction potentials for China's primary Aluminum Industry. In this model, the complex structures of feedstock, technology and electric power are completely considered. CO2 emissions from alumina and Aluminum production in the selected year are calculated using this model, and emissions associated with five distinct refining technologies and smelters in the six regional power grids are examined in detail. Results show that CO2 emissions of primary Aluminum production in China could decrease at various extents through implementing alternative countermeasures for ore quality changes and policies adjustment in the future. It's expected that wide adoption of SBSP and IBP as well as further elirriination of LSSP and SPCP have a reduction potential of 6%, which is almost equivalent to the cutting effect of SBP domination. For smelting stage, the maximum reduction potential of 20% is projected for 2020, as the current international best available value of power consumption is achieved. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dong Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • stability analysis of the cable core of a 10 ka hts dc power cable used in the electrolytic Aluminum Industry
    IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2015
    Co-Authors: Dong Zhang, Yuping Teng, Fengyuan Zhang, Weiwei Zhou, Shaotao Dai, Zhiqin Zhu, Liangzhen Lin
    Abstract:

    High temperature superconducting (HTS) dc power cable shows a wide application prospect in the field of power transmission for its nearly lossless and rather high capacity. IEE has installed a 360-meter long high temperature superconducting (HTS) dc power cable at the self-supply power plant of Zhongfu Industrial Company Ltd. in Gongyi, Henan and the system has operated for two years. The cable connects a 19.5 MVA/1.5 kA silicon-controlled rectifier, which connects with a 110 kV/1 kV transformer, to the bus bar of an electrolytic Aluminum cell. It is designed to carry 10-kA current and the voltage is 1300 V. The HTS dc power cable core consists of five conductor layers wound with the spliced Bi-2223 wires with the length of 40 km. The cable core has five layers and 23 HTS wires in each layer with the outer diameter of 45 mm. The HTS dc power cable is fabricated with the spliced superconducting wires which will have effect on the overall superconductivity. Also, since dc output of the rectifier contains a proportion of the ac harmonic ripple, the large dc and small ac will generate the loss in the cable core. In the operation of the 10 kA HTS dc power cable, anode effect will occur in electrolytic Aluminum tank, which will lead to a large fault current in the cable and even lead to the power off protection. In this paper, stability of the spliced Bi-2223 wire, stability of the cable core under the cold shrinkage force, loss under the large dc and small ac ripple are analyzed by the theoretical and experimental methods. The test results of ac ripple loss, anode effect, and stable operation are also presented.

  • Testing Results for the Cable Core of a 360 m/10 kA HTS DC Power Cable Used in the Electrolytic Aluminum Industry
    IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2013
    Co-Authors: Dong Zhang, Xi Xu, Yinshun Wang, Yuping Teng, Jingye Zhang, Fengyuan Zhang, Weiwei Zhou, Naihao Song, Zhifeng Zhang, Guomin Zhang
    Abstract:

    IEE has installed a 360-m-long high-temperature superconducting (HTS) dc power cable at the self-supply power plant of Zhongfu Industrial Co., Ltd. in Gongyi, Henan. The cable connects a 19.5 MVA/1.5 kA silicon-controlled rectifier, which connects with a 110 kV/1 kV transformer, to the bus bar of an electrolytic Aluminum cell. It is designed to carry 10 kA current and the voltage is 1300 V. The HTS dc power cable core consists of five conductor layers wound with the spliced Bi-2223 wires with the length of 40 km. The cable core has five layers and 23 HTS wires in each layer with the outer diameter of 45 mm. As the items in this project, testing of 4 to 5 m length prototype cables, including a 5 m prototype cable fabricated before the 360 m power cable and a 4 m prototype cable intercepted from the 360 m HTS power cable, is conducted. These prototypes are used to assess the design program, fabrication process, and performance of the 360 m/10 kA HTS power cable including steady state operation at the 10 kA design current and overcurrent fault capability. The critical current of the 5 and 4 m HTS power cable reach 14.3 kA and 13.8 kA at 77 K, 1 μV/cm, respectively. In this paper, the design parameters and fabrication of the 360 m/10 kA HTS dc power cable conducted by IEE are presented. The cable system, installation process and the summary of the results from the testing of 4 and 5 m prototype cables are described. In addition, details of the initial cool-down process and energizing are presented.