The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Byron G Adams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Gail M Ferguson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Zahra Siddique - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the economic payoff of name Americanization
    Journal of Labor Economics, 2017
    Co-Authors: Costanza Biavaschi, Corrado Giulietti, Zahra Siddique
    Abstract:

    We provide the first evidence of the magnitude and consequences of the Americanization of migrants’ names in the early twentieth century. We construct a longitudinal data set of naturalization records, tracking migrants and their naming choices over time. We consistently find that migrants who Americanized their names experienced larger occupational upgrading than those who did not. Name Americanization embodies an intention to assimilate among low-skilled migrants and reveals the existence of preferences for American names within the labor market. We conclude that the trade-off between individual identity and labor market success was present then as it is today.

  • the economic payoff of name Americanization
    Research Papers in Economics, 2013
    Co-Authors: Costanza Biavaschi, Corrado Giulietti, Zahra Siddique
    Abstract:

    We examine the impact of the Americanization of names on the labor market outcomes of migrants. We construct a novel longitudinal data set of naturalization records in which we track a complete sample of migrants who naturalize by 1930. We find that migrants who Americanized their names experienced larger occupational upgrading. Some, such as those who changed to very popular American names like John or William, obtained gains in occupation-based earnings of at least 14%. We show that these estimates are causal effects by using an index of linguistic complexity based on Scrabble points as an instrumental variable that predicts name Americanization. We conclude that the tradeoff between individual identity and labor market success was present since the early making of modern America.

Costanza Biavaschi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the economic payoff of name Americanization
    Journal of Labor Economics, 2017
    Co-Authors: Costanza Biavaschi, Corrado Giulietti, Zahra Siddique
    Abstract:

    We provide the first evidence of the magnitude and consequences of the Americanization of migrants’ names in the early twentieth century. We construct a longitudinal data set of naturalization records, tracking migrants and their naming choices over time. We consistently find that migrants who Americanized their names experienced larger occupational upgrading than those who did not. Name Americanization embodies an intention to assimilate among low-skilled migrants and reveals the existence of preferences for American names within the labor market. We conclude that the trade-off between individual identity and labor market success was present then as it is today.

  • the economic payoff of name Americanization
    Research Papers in Economics, 2013
    Co-Authors: Costanza Biavaschi, Corrado Giulietti, Zahra Siddique
    Abstract:

    We examine the impact of the Americanization of names on the labor market outcomes of migrants. We construct a novel longitudinal data set of naturalization records in which we track a complete sample of migrants who naturalize by 1930. We find that migrants who Americanized their names experienced larger occupational upgrading. Some, such as those who changed to very popular American names like John or William, obtained gains in occupation-based earnings of at least 14%. We show that these estimates are causal effects by using an index of linguistic complexity based on Scrabble points as an instrumental variable that predicts name Americanization. We conclude that the tradeoff between individual identity and labor market success was present since the early making of modern America.

Phillip S Gardiner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the african Americanization of menthol cigarette use in the united states
    Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2004
    Co-Authors: Phillip S Gardiner
    Abstract:

    Today, over 70% of African American smokers prefer menthol cigarettes, compared with 30% of White smokers. This unique social phenomenon was principally occasioned by the tobacco industry’s masterful manipulation of the burgeoning Black, urban, segregated, consumer market in the 1960s. Through the use of television and other advertising media, coupled with culturally tailored images and messages, the tobacco industry ‘‘African Americanized’’ menthol cigarettes. The tobacco industry successfully positioned mentholated products, especially Kool, as young, hip, new, and healthy. During the time that menthols were gaining a large market share in the African American community, the tobacco industry donated funds to African American organizations hoping to blunt the attack on their products. Many of the findings in this article are drawn from the tobacco industry documents disclosed following the Master Settlement Agreement in 1998. After a short review of the origins and growth of menthols, this article examines some key social factors that, when considered together, led to disproportionate use of mentholated cigarettes by African Americans compared with other Americans. Unfortunately, the long-term impact of the industry’s practice in this community may be partly responsible for the disproportionately high tobacco-related disease and mortality among African Americans generally and African American males particularly.