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Kazunari Ohgaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrogen + Tetra--Butyl Ammonium Bromide Semi-Clathrate Hydrate
Journal of Thermodynamics, 2009Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Takeshi Sugahara, Takaaki Tsuda, Kyohei Ogata, Yoshiro Inoue, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Thermodynamic stability and hydrogen occupancy on the hydrogen + tetra- -butyl Ammonium Bromide semi-clathrate hydrate were investigated by means of Raman spectroscopic and phase equilibrium measurements under the three-phase equilibrium condition. The structure of mixed gas hydrates changes from tetragonal to another structure around 95 MPa and 292 K depending on surrounding hydrogen fugacity. The occupied amount of hydrogen in the semi-clathrate hydrate increases significantly associated with the structural transition. Tetra- -butyl Ammonium Bromide semi-clathrate hydrates can absorb hydrogen molecules by a pressure-swing without destroying the hydrogen bonds of hydrate cages at 15 MPa or over.
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Thermodynamic stability of hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate in nonstoichiometric aqueous solutions
Chemical Engineering Science, 2008Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Takeshi Sugahara, Hiroshi Sato, Masato Moritoki, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Phase equilibrium (pressure–temperature) relations of the hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate system have been measured for various concentrations of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide aqueous solutions. The three-phase equilibrium curves obtained in the present study are shifted to the low-temperature or high-pressure side from that of the stoichiometric tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide solution. Each three-phase equilibrium curve of hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate converges at the atmospheric equilibrium point of the pure tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrate for the mother aqueous solution of same mole fraction. The hydrate-cage occupancy of hydrogen in the hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate is in variable in a range of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mole fraction from 0.006 to 0.070 in the aqueous solution. Hydrogen is entrapped only in the small cages of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrates.
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thermodynamic stability of hydrogen tetra n butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate in nonstoichiometric aqueous solutions
Chemical Engineering Science, 2008Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Takeshi Sugahara, Hiroshi Sato, Masato Moritoki, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Phase equilibrium (pressure–temperature) relations of the hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate system have been measured for various concentrations of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide aqueous solutions. The three-phase equilibrium curves obtained in the present study are shifted to the low-temperature or high-pressure side from that of the stoichiometric tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide solution. Each three-phase equilibrium curve of hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate converges at the atmospheric equilibrium point of the pure tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrate for the mother aqueous solution of same mole fraction. The hydrate-cage occupancy of hydrogen in the hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate is in variable in a range of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mole fraction from 0.006 to 0.070 in the aqueous solution. Hydrogen is entrapped only in the small cages of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrates.
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thermodynamic and raman spectroscopic studies on h2 tetrahydrofuran water and h2 tetra n butyl Ammonium Bromide water mixtures containing gas hydrates
Chemical Engineering Science, 2006Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Shu Murayama, Takeshi Sugahara, Hiroshi Sato, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Phase equilibrium curves of H2+H2+ tetrahydrofuran and H2+H2+ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrates were measured in a pressure range from 0.1 to 13.6 MPa. Each three-phase equilibrium curve converges at the maximum temperature point of pure tetrahydrofuran and tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrates, respectively. The difference of maximum temperatures is about 8 K, that is, the equilibrium curve of H2+H2+ tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate shifts to the high-temperature side from that of H2+H2+ tetrahydrofuran mixed gas hydrate. It is directly confirmed by use of Raman spectroscopy that H2H2 is enclathrated in the hydrate cages by adding a small amount of tetrahydrofuran or tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide. In both mixed hydrates, H2H2 is enclathrated in only the small cage while tetrahydrofuran or tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide occupies the large cages of each mixed hydrate.
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Thermodynamic and Raman spectroscopic studies on H2+tetrahydrofuran+water and H2+ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide+water mixtures containing gas hydrates
Chemical Engineering Science, 2006Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Shu Murayama, Takeshi Sugahara, Hiroshi Sato, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Phase equilibrium curves of H2+H2+ tetrahydrofuran and H2+H2+ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrates were measured in a pressure range from 0.1 to 13.6 MPa. Each three-phase equilibrium curve converges at the maximum temperature point of pure tetrahydrofuran and tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrates, respectively. The difference of maximum temperatures is about 8 K, that is, the equilibrium curve of H2+H2+ tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate shifts to the high-temperature side from that of H2+H2+ tetrahydrofuran mixed gas hydrate. It is directly confirmed by use of Raman spectroscopy that H2H2 is enclathrated in the hydrate cages by adding a small amount of tetrahydrofuran or tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide. In both mixed hydrates, H2H2 is enclathrated in only the small cage while tetrahydrofuran or tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide occupies the large cages of each mixed hydrate.
Dishun Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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absorption and oxidation of h2s in caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquid
Energy & Fuels, 2011Co-Authors: Erhong Duan, Yongfei Zhong, Xuesong Zhang, Dishun ZhaoAbstract:To explore environmentally benign solvents for absorbing and using H2S, a series of caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids were synthesized, the solubilities of H2S in which were measured at 303.2−363.2 K and atmospheric pressure. The solubility of H2S in the ionic liquid (1:1 mole ratio) was 5.40% at 303.2 K and ambient pressure, decreased sharply as temperature increased, and increased with the increasing mole ratio of caprolactam. The absorption and desorption of H2S were practically reversible in the ionic liquids, which was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance. Using air, hydrogen sulfide could be oxidized to elemental S in the ionic liquids, which makes it easier to recycle hydrogen sulfide. Caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids would be useful for removing and reusing H2S in pollution control and could be regarded as the most potential absorbent and recoverer of H2S.
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Absorption and oxidation of H2S in caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquid
Energy and Fuels, 2011Co-Authors: Bin Guo, Yongfei Zhong, Liang Gao, Erhong Duan, Xuesong Zhang, Dishun ZhaoAbstract:To explore environmentally benign solvents for absorbing and using H 2 S, a series of caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids were synthesized, the solubilities of H 2 S in which were measured at 303.2-363.2 K and atmospheric pressure. The solubility of H 2 S in the ionic liquid (1:1 mole ratio) was 5.40% at 303.2 K and ambient pressure, decreased sharply as temperature increased, and increased with the increasing mole ratio of caprolactam. The absorption and desorption of H 2 S were practically reversible in the ionic liquids, which was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance. Using air, hydrogen sulfide could be oxidized to elemental S in the ionic liquids, which makes it easier to recycle hydrogen sulfide. Caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids would be useful for removing and reusing H 2 S in pollution control and could be regarded as the most potential absorbent and recoverer of H 2 S. © 2010 American Chemical Society.
Erhong Duan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anaerobic biodegradability and toxicity of caprolactam-tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquid to methanogenic gas production
RSC Advances, 2013Co-Authors: Erhong Duan, Zaixing Li, Yu Song, Jian Guan, Kun YangAbstract:The anaerobic biodegradability and toxicity of caprolactam-tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquid to methanogenic gas production were investigated in this study. Both methane production and chemical oxygen demand removal from liquid wastewater decreased with increasing concentrations of the ionic liquid. The toxicity of caprolactam-tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquid to methanogenic gas production was clear. During the sludge digestion incubation period, domesticated microorganisms acclimated to caprolactam-tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquid and were able to adapt to the ionic liquid solutions. The pH of the control sample was stable for 15 days and then slowly increased. The caprolactam-tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquid takes a longtime to be digested. Therefore, caprolactam-tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids are biodegradable.
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absorption and oxidation of h2s in caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquid
Energy & Fuels, 2011Co-Authors: Erhong Duan, Yongfei Zhong, Xuesong Zhang, Dishun ZhaoAbstract:To explore environmentally benign solvents for absorbing and using H2S, a series of caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids were synthesized, the solubilities of H2S in which were measured at 303.2−363.2 K and atmospheric pressure. The solubility of H2S in the ionic liquid (1:1 mole ratio) was 5.40% at 303.2 K and ambient pressure, decreased sharply as temperature increased, and increased with the increasing mole ratio of caprolactam. The absorption and desorption of H2S were practically reversible in the ionic liquids, which was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance. Using air, hydrogen sulfide could be oxidized to elemental S in the ionic liquids, which makes it easier to recycle hydrogen sulfide. Caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids would be useful for removing and reusing H2S in pollution control and could be regarded as the most potential absorbent and recoverer of H2S.
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Absorption and oxidation of H2S in caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquid
Energy and Fuels, 2011Co-Authors: Bin Guo, Yongfei Zhong, Liang Gao, Erhong Duan, Xuesong Zhang, Dishun ZhaoAbstract:To explore environmentally benign solvents for absorbing and using H 2 S, a series of caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids were synthesized, the solubilities of H 2 S in which were measured at 303.2-363.2 K and atmospheric pressure. The solubility of H 2 S in the ionic liquid (1:1 mole ratio) was 5.40% at 303.2 K and ambient pressure, decreased sharply as temperature increased, and increased with the increasing mole ratio of caprolactam. The absorption and desorption of H 2 S were practically reversible in the ionic liquids, which was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance. Using air, hydrogen sulfide could be oxidized to elemental S in the ionic liquids, which makes it easier to recycle hydrogen sulfide. Caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids would be useful for removing and reusing H 2 S in pollution control and could be regarded as the most potential absorbent and recoverer of H 2 S. © 2010 American Chemical Society.
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pH Measurements of Caprolactam Tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide Ionic Liquids in Solvents
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2010Co-Authors: Erhong Duan, Miaomiao Zhang, Binbin Yang, Dan Dan ZhangAbstract:The pH value of binary systems containing caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids and solvents (water, ethanol, and 2-propanol) in the range of ionic liquid concentrations from (5.0·10−3 to 0.80) mol·L−1 and temperature range from (296.15 to 325.65) K was measured. The pH values of the solutions of caprolactam and tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids are also presented. The results showed that the range of the pH values was from (5.12 to 6.93). The pH value of binary systems consisting of ionic liquids and solvents was found to be dependent on temperature and concentrations of the ionic liquids. The temperature dependency of the pH value was correlated using an empirical equation. The correlations gave satisfactory results.
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solubility of so2 in caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2010Co-Authors: Erhong Duan, Yang WangAbstract:To explore environmentally benign solvents for absorbing SO2, a series of caprolactam tetrabutyl Ammonium Bromide ionic liquids were synthesized, the solubilities of SO2 in which were measured at (298.2 to 403.2) K and atmospheric pressure. The solubilities of SO2 in these ionic liquids were 0.680 at 298.2 K and ambient pressure and decreased sharply as temperature increased and increased with the increasing mole ratio of caprolactam. A fifth-order polynomial was proposed and verified by experimental solubility data. The absorption and desorption of SO2 were practically reversible in the synthesized ionic liquids.
Shunsuke Hashimoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrogen + Tetra--Butyl Ammonium Bromide Semi-Clathrate Hydrate
Journal of Thermodynamics, 2009Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Takeshi Sugahara, Takaaki Tsuda, Kyohei Ogata, Yoshiro Inoue, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Thermodynamic stability and hydrogen occupancy on the hydrogen + tetra- -butyl Ammonium Bromide semi-clathrate hydrate were investigated by means of Raman spectroscopic and phase equilibrium measurements under the three-phase equilibrium condition. The structure of mixed gas hydrates changes from tetragonal to another structure around 95 MPa and 292 K depending on surrounding hydrogen fugacity. The occupied amount of hydrogen in the semi-clathrate hydrate increases significantly associated with the structural transition. Tetra- -butyl Ammonium Bromide semi-clathrate hydrates can absorb hydrogen molecules by a pressure-swing without destroying the hydrogen bonds of hydrate cages at 15 MPa or over.
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Thermodynamic stability of hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate in nonstoichiometric aqueous solutions
Chemical Engineering Science, 2008Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Takeshi Sugahara, Hiroshi Sato, Masato Moritoki, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Phase equilibrium (pressure–temperature) relations of the hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate system have been measured for various concentrations of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide aqueous solutions. The three-phase equilibrium curves obtained in the present study are shifted to the low-temperature or high-pressure side from that of the stoichiometric tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide solution. Each three-phase equilibrium curve of hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate converges at the atmospheric equilibrium point of the pure tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrate for the mother aqueous solution of same mole fraction. The hydrate-cage occupancy of hydrogen in the hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate is in variable in a range of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mole fraction from 0.006 to 0.070 in the aqueous solution. Hydrogen is entrapped only in the small cages of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrates.
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thermodynamic stability of hydrogen tetra n butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate in nonstoichiometric aqueous solutions
Chemical Engineering Science, 2008Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Takeshi Sugahara, Hiroshi Sato, Masato Moritoki, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Phase equilibrium (pressure–temperature) relations of the hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate system have been measured for various concentrations of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide aqueous solutions. The three-phase equilibrium curves obtained in the present study are shifted to the low-temperature or high-pressure side from that of the stoichiometric tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide solution. Each three-phase equilibrium curve of hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate converges at the atmospheric equilibrium point of the pure tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrate for the mother aqueous solution of same mole fraction. The hydrate-cage occupancy of hydrogen in the hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate is in variable in a range of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mole fraction from 0.006 to 0.070 in the aqueous solution. Hydrogen is entrapped only in the small cages of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrates.
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thermodynamic and raman spectroscopic studies on h2 tetrahydrofuran water and h2 tetra n butyl Ammonium Bromide water mixtures containing gas hydrates
Chemical Engineering Science, 2006Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Shu Murayama, Takeshi Sugahara, Hiroshi Sato, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Phase equilibrium curves of H2+H2+ tetrahydrofuran and H2+H2+ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrates were measured in a pressure range from 0.1 to 13.6 MPa. Each three-phase equilibrium curve converges at the maximum temperature point of pure tetrahydrofuran and tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrates, respectively. The difference of maximum temperatures is about 8 K, that is, the equilibrium curve of H2+H2+ tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate shifts to the high-temperature side from that of H2+H2+ tetrahydrofuran mixed gas hydrate. It is directly confirmed by use of Raman spectroscopy that H2H2 is enclathrated in the hydrate cages by adding a small amount of tetrahydrofuran or tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide. In both mixed hydrates, H2H2 is enclathrated in only the small cage while tetrahydrofuran or tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide occupies the large cages of each mixed hydrate.
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Thermodynamic and Raman spectroscopic studies on H2+tetrahydrofuran+water and H2+ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide+water mixtures containing gas hydrates
Chemical Engineering Science, 2006Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Shu Murayama, Takeshi Sugahara, Hiroshi Sato, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Phase equilibrium curves of H2+H2+ tetrahydrofuran and H2+H2+ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrates were measured in a pressure range from 0.1 to 13.6 MPa. Each three-phase equilibrium curve converges at the maximum temperature point of pure tetrahydrofuran and tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrates, respectively. The difference of maximum temperatures is about 8 K, that is, the equilibrium curve of H2+H2+ tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate shifts to the high-temperature side from that of H2+H2+ tetrahydrofuran mixed gas hydrate. It is directly confirmed by use of Raman spectroscopy that H2H2 is enclathrated in the hydrate cages by adding a small amount of tetrahydrofuran or tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide. In both mixed hydrates, H2H2 is enclathrated in only the small cage while tetrahydrofuran or tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide occupies the large cages of each mixed hydrate.
Takeshi Sugahara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrogen + Tetra--Butyl Ammonium Bromide Semi-Clathrate Hydrate
Journal of Thermodynamics, 2009Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Takeshi Sugahara, Takaaki Tsuda, Kyohei Ogata, Yoshiro Inoue, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Thermodynamic stability and hydrogen occupancy on the hydrogen + tetra- -butyl Ammonium Bromide semi-clathrate hydrate were investigated by means of Raman spectroscopic and phase equilibrium measurements under the three-phase equilibrium condition. The structure of mixed gas hydrates changes from tetragonal to another structure around 95 MPa and 292 K depending on surrounding hydrogen fugacity. The occupied amount of hydrogen in the semi-clathrate hydrate increases significantly associated with the structural transition. Tetra- -butyl Ammonium Bromide semi-clathrate hydrates can absorb hydrogen molecules by a pressure-swing without destroying the hydrogen bonds of hydrate cages at 15 MPa or over.
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Thermodynamic stability of hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate in nonstoichiometric aqueous solutions
Chemical Engineering Science, 2008Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Takeshi Sugahara, Hiroshi Sato, Masato Moritoki, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Phase equilibrium (pressure–temperature) relations of the hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate system have been measured for various concentrations of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide aqueous solutions. The three-phase equilibrium curves obtained in the present study are shifted to the low-temperature or high-pressure side from that of the stoichiometric tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide solution. Each three-phase equilibrium curve of hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate converges at the atmospheric equilibrium point of the pure tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrate for the mother aqueous solution of same mole fraction. The hydrate-cage occupancy of hydrogen in the hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate is in variable in a range of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mole fraction from 0.006 to 0.070 in the aqueous solution. Hydrogen is entrapped only in the small cages of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrates.
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thermodynamic stability of hydrogen tetra n butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate in nonstoichiometric aqueous solutions
Chemical Engineering Science, 2008Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Takeshi Sugahara, Hiroshi Sato, Masato Moritoki, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Phase equilibrium (pressure–temperature) relations of the hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate system have been measured for various concentrations of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide aqueous solutions. The three-phase equilibrium curves obtained in the present study are shifted to the low-temperature or high-pressure side from that of the stoichiometric tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide solution. Each three-phase equilibrium curve of hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate converges at the atmospheric equilibrium point of the pure tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrate for the mother aqueous solution of same mole fraction. The hydrate-cage occupancy of hydrogen in the hydrogen ++ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate is in variable in a range of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mole fraction from 0.006 to 0.070 in the aqueous solution. Hydrogen is entrapped only in the small cages of tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrates.
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thermodynamic and raman spectroscopic studies on h2 tetrahydrofuran water and h2 tetra n butyl Ammonium Bromide water mixtures containing gas hydrates
Chemical Engineering Science, 2006Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Shu Murayama, Takeshi Sugahara, Hiroshi Sato, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Phase equilibrium curves of H2+H2+ tetrahydrofuran and H2+H2+ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrates were measured in a pressure range from 0.1 to 13.6 MPa. Each three-phase equilibrium curve converges at the maximum temperature point of pure tetrahydrofuran and tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrates, respectively. The difference of maximum temperatures is about 8 K, that is, the equilibrium curve of H2+H2+ tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate shifts to the high-temperature side from that of H2+H2+ tetrahydrofuran mixed gas hydrate. It is directly confirmed by use of Raman spectroscopy that H2H2 is enclathrated in the hydrate cages by adding a small amount of tetrahydrofuran or tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide. In both mixed hydrates, H2H2 is enclathrated in only the small cage while tetrahydrofuran or tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide occupies the large cages of each mixed hydrate.
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Thermodynamic and Raman spectroscopic studies on H2+tetrahydrofuran+water and H2+ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide+water mixtures containing gas hydrates
Chemical Engineering Science, 2006Co-Authors: Shunsuke Hashimoto, Shu Murayama, Takeshi Sugahara, Hiroshi Sato, Kazunari OhgakiAbstract:Phase equilibrium curves of H2+H2+ tetrahydrofuran and H2+H2+ tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrates were measured in a pressure range from 0.1 to 13.6 MPa. Each three-phase equilibrium curve converges at the maximum temperature point of pure tetrahydrofuran and tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide hydrates, respectively. The difference of maximum temperatures is about 8 K, that is, the equilibrium curve of H2+H2+ tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide mixed gas hydrate shifts to the high-temperature side from that of H2+H2+ tetrahydrofuran mixed gas hydrate. It is directly confirmed by use of Raman spectroscopy that H2H2 is enclathrated in the hydrate cages by adding a small amount of tetrahydrofuran or tetra-n -butyl Ammonium Bromide. In both mixed hydrates, H2H2 is enclathrated in only the small cage while tetrahydrofuran or tetra-n-butyl Ammonium Bromide occupies the large cages of each mixed hydrate.
