The Experts below are selected from a list of 12381 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

M Tatner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss
    Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Valerie J Smith, Jorge M O Fernandes, Sarah J Jones, Graham D Kemp, M Tatner
    Abstract:

    Antibacterial Proteins are an important part of the innate immune system for all animals. They have been extensively studied in mammals, amphibians and invertebrates, but have received only scant attention in fish. Their expression and processing, however, provide a way of monitoring defence vigour during development or with seasonal changes in physiology. The aim of the present work was to identify and characterise Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout. In vitro analyses of extracts of the peripheral blood leucocytes, head kidney leucocytes and mucus from adult unstimulated (non-immune) fish showed marked Antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria. Fractionation by ion exchange chromatography and RP-HPLC of head kidney extracts showed the presence of two forms of lysozyme but no constitutively expressed antimicrobial Proteins of < 10 kDa. By contrast, chromatographic analyses of mucus revealed at least four Antibacterial Proteins. Two are conventional lysozymes, a third is an unusual lysozyme-like protein with a low isoelectric point, and the fourth is a highly hydrophobic, cationic peptide of c. 3 kDa.

  • Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
    Fish & shellfish immunology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Valerie J Smith, Jorge M O Fernandes, Sarah J Jones, Graham D Kemp, M Tatner
    Abstract:

    Antibacterial Proteins are an important part of the innate immune system for all animals. They have been extensively studied in mammals, amphibians and invertebrates, but have received only scant attention in fish. Their expression and processing, however, provide a way of monitoring defence vigour during development or with seasonal changes in physiology. The aim of the present work was to identify and characterise Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout. In vitro analyses of extracts of the peripheral blood leucocytes, head kidney leucocytes and mucus from adult unstimulated (non-immune) fish showed marked Antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria. Fractionation by ion exchange chromatography and RP-HPLC of head kidney extracts showed the presence of two forms of lysozyme but no constitutively expressed antimicrobial Proteins of

Valerie J Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Crustins: enigmatic WAP domain-containing Antibacterial Proteins from crustaceans.
    Developmental and comparative immunology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Valerie J Smith, Jorge M O Fernandes, Graham D Kemp, Chris Hauton
    Abstract:

    Crustins are Antibacterial Proteins of ca. 7-14 kDa with a characteristic four-disulphide core-containing whey acidic protein (WAP) domain, expressed by the circulating haemocytes of crustaceans. Over 50 crustin sequences have been now reported from a variety of decapods, including crabs, lobsters, shrimp and crayfish. Three main types seem to occur but all possess a signal sequence at the amino terminus and a WAP domain at the carboxyl end. Differences between types lie in the structure of the central region. Those crustins purified as the native protein or expressed recombinantly all kill Gram-positive bacteria, and gene studies have shown that they are constitutively expressed, often at high levels, but show no consistent patterns of change in expression following injection of bacteria. This variable response to infection is enigmatic but indicates that these Proteins could perform additional functions, perhaps as immune regulators in recovery from wounding, trauma or physiological stress.

  • Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss
    Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Valerie J Smith, Jorge M O Fernandes, Sarah J Jones, Graham D Kemp, M Tatner
    Abstract:

    Antibacterial Proteins are an important part of the innate immune system for all animals. They have been extensively studied in mammals, amphibians and invertebrates, but have received only scant attention in fish. Their expression and processing, however, provide a way of monitoring defence vigour during development or with seasonal changes in physiology. The aim of the present work was to identify and characterise Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout. In vitro analyses of extracts of the peripheral blood leucocytes, head kidney leucocytes and mucus from adult unstimulated (non-immune) fish showed marked Antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria. Fractionation by ion exchange chromatography and RP-HPLC of head kidney extracts showed the presence of two forms of lysozyme but no constitutively expressed antimicrobial Proteins of < 10 kDa. By contrast, chromatographic analyses of mucus revealed at least four Antibacterial Proteins. Two are conventional lysozymes, a third is an unusual lysozyme-like protein with a low isoelectric point, and the fourth is a highly hydrophobic, cationic peptide of c. 3 kDa.

  • Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
    Fish & shellfish immunology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Valerie J Smith, Jorge M O Fernandes, Sarah J Jones, Graham D Kemp, M Tatner
    Abstract:

    Antibacterial Proteins are an important part of the innate immune system for all animals. They have been extensively studied in mammals, amphibians and invertebrates, but have received only scant attention in fish. Their expression and processing, however, provide a way of monitoring defence vigour during development or with seasonal changes in physiology. The aim of the present work was to identify and characterise Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout. In vitro analyses of extracts of the peripheral blood leucocytes, head kidney leucocytes and mucus from adult unstimulated (non-immune) fish showed marked Antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria. Fractionation by ion exchange chromatography and RP-HPLC of head kidney extracts showed the presence of two forms of lysozyme but no constitutively expressed antimicrobial Proteins of

Hans G. Boman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • sequence and specificity of two Antibacterial Proteins involved in insect immunity nature 292 246 248 1981
    Journal of Immunology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Håkan Steiner, Hans Bennich, Dan Hultmark, Ake Engstrom, Hans G. Boman
    Abstract:

    Immune responses have been described for many different insect species. However, it is generally acknowledged that immune systems must therefore differ from those of vertebrates. An effective humor ...

  • sequence and specificity of two Antibacterial Proteins involved in insect immunity
    Journal of Immunology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Håkan Steiner, Hans Bennich, Dan Hultmark, Ake Engstrom, Hans G. Boman
    Abstract:

    Immune responses have been described for many different insect species'. However, it is generally acknowledged that insects lack lymphocytes and immunoglobulins and their immune systems must therefore differ from those of vertebrates. An effective humoral immune response has been found in pupae of the cecropia moth, Hyalophora cecropia 1 . The expression of this multicomponent system requires de novo synthesis of RNA and Proteins 2 and its broad Antibacterial activity is due to at least three independent mechanisms 3 , the most well known of which is the insect lysozyme 4-7 . However, this enzyme is bactericidal for only a limited number of Gram-positive bacteria. We recently purified and characterized P9A and P9B, which are two small, basic Proteins with potent antibacteral activity against Escherichia coli and several other Gram-negative bacteria'. We believe that P9A and P9B play an important part in the humoral immune responses described previously 8 and that the P9 Proteins represent a new class of Antibacterial agents for which we propose the name cecropins. We describe here the primary structures of cecropins A and B. We also show that cecropin A is specific for bacteria in contrast to melittin, the main lytic component in bee venom 9 which lyses both bacteria and eukaryotic cells.

  • peptide antibiotics and their role in innate immunity
    Annual Review of Immunology, 1995
    Co-Authors: Hans G. Boman
    Abstract:

    CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 FIVE CHEMICALLY DIFFERENT GROUPS OF PEPTIDE ANTIBIOTICS . . . . . . . . . . .. 63 Linear, Mostly Helical, Peptides Without Cys, With or Without a Hinge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Linear Pep tides Without Cys and with a High Proportion of Certain Residues . . . . . . . . . 67 Antibacterial Peptides with One Disulfide Bond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Peptides with Two or More S-S Bonds Giving Mainly or Only fJ-Sheet Structures. . . . . . . 69 Antibacterial Peptides Derivedfrom Larger Polypeptides with Other Known Functions . . 72 Antibacterial Proteins AND ACTIVE FRAGMENTS OF SUCH Proteins . . . . 73

Jorge M O Fernandes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Crustins: enigmatic WAP domain-containing Antibacterial Proteins from crustaceans.
    Developmental and comparative immunology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Valerie J Smith, Jorge M O Fernandes, Graham D Kemp, Chris Hauton
    Abstract:

    Crustins are Antibacterial Proteins of ca. 7-14 kDa with a characteristic four-disulphide core-containing whey acidic protein (WAP) domain, expressed by the circulating haemocytes of crustaceans. Over 50 crustin sequences have been now reported from a variety of decapods, including crabs, lobsters, shrimp and crayfish. Three main types seem to occur but all possess a signal sequence at the amino terminus and a WAP domain at the carboxyl end. Differences between types lie in the structure of the central region. Those crustins purified as the native protein or expressed recombinantly all kill Gram-positive bacteria, and gene studies have shown that they are constitutively expressed, often at high levels, but show no consistent patterns of change in expression following injection of bacteria. This variable response to infection is enigmatic but indicates that these Proteins could perform additional functions, perhaps as immune regulators in recovery from wounding, trauma or physiological stress.

  • Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss
    Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Valerie J Smith, Jorge M O Fernandes, Sarah J Jones, Graham D Kemp, M Tatner
    Abstract:

    Antibacterial Proteins are an important part of the innate immune system for all animals. They have been extensively studied in mammals, amphibians and invertebrates, but have received only scant attention in fish. Their expression and processing, however, provide a way of monitoring defence vigour during development or with seasonal changes in physiology. The aim of the present work was to identify and characterise Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout. In vitro analyses of extracts of the peripheral blood leucocytes, head kidney leucocytes and mucus from adult unstimulated (non-immune) fish showed marked Antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria. Fractionation by ion exchange chromatography and RP-HPLC of head kidney extracts showed the presence of two forms of lysozyme but no constitutively expressed antimicrobial Proteins of < 10 kDa. By contrast, chromatographic analyses of mucus revealed at least four Antibacterial Proteins. Two are conventional lysozymes, a third is an unusual lysozyme-like protein with a low isoelectric point, and the fourth is a highly hydrophobic, cationic peptide of c. 3 kDa.

  • Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
    Fish & shellfish immunology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Valerie J Smith, Jorge M O Fernandes, Sarah J Jones, Graham D Kemp, M Tatner
    Abstract:

    Antibacterial Proteins are an important part of the innate immune system for all animals. They have been extensively studied in mammals, amphibians and invertebrates, but have received only scant attention in fish. Their expression and processing, however, provide a way of monitoring defence vigour during development or with seasonal changes in physiology. The aim of the present work was to identify and characterise Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout. In vitro analyses of extracts of the peripheral blood leucocytes, head kidney leucocytes and mucus from adult unstimulated (non-immune) fish showed marked Antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria. Fractionation by ion exchange chromatography and RP-HPLC of head kidney extracts showed the presence of two forms of lysozyme but no constitutively expressed antimicrobial Proteins of

Graham D Kemp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Crustins: enigmatic WAP domain-containing Antibacterial Proteins from crustaceans.
    Developmental and comparative immunology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Valerie J Smith, Jorge M O Fernandes, Graham D Kemp, Chris Hauton
    Abstract:

    Crustins are Antibacterial Proteins of ca. 7-14 kDa with a characteristic four-disulphide core-containing whey acidic protein (WAP) domain, expressed by the circulating haemocytes of crustaceans. Over 50 crustin sequences have been now reported from a variety of decapods, including crabs, lobsters, shrimp and crayfish. Three main types seem to occur but all possess a signal sequence at the amino terminus and a WAP domain at the carboxyl end. Differences between types lie in the structure of the central region. Those crustins purified as the native protein or expressed recombinantly all kill Gram-positive bacteria, and gene studies have shown that they are constitutively expressed, often at high levels, but show no consistent patterns of change in expression following injection of bacteria. This variable response to infection is enigmatic but indicates that these Proteins could perform additional functions, perhaps as immune regulators in recovery from wounding, trauma or physiological stress.

  • Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss
    Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Valerie J Smith, Jorge M O Fernandes, Sarah J Jones, Graham D Kemp, M Tatner
    Abstract:

    Antibacterial Proteins are an important part of the innate immune system for all animals. They have been extensively studied in mammals, amphibians and invertebrates, but have received only scant attention in fish. Their expression and processing, however, provide a way of monitoring defence vigour during development or with seasonal changes in physiology. The aim of the present work was to identify and characterise Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout. In vitro analyses of extracts of the peripheral blood leucocytes, head kidney leucocytes and mucus from adult unstimulated (non-immune) fish showed marked Antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria. Fractionation by ion exchange chromatography and RP-HPLC of head kidney extracts showed the presence of two forms of lysozyme but no constitutively expressed antimicrobial Proteins of < 10 kDa. By contrast, chromatographic analyses of mucus revealed at least four Antibacterial Proteins. Two are conventional lysozymes, a third is an unusual lysozyme-like protein with a low isoelectric point, and the fourth is a highly hydrophobic, cationic peptide of c. 3 kDa.

  • Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
    Fish & shellfish immunology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Valerie J Smith, Jorge M O Fernandes, Sarah J Jones, Graham D Kemp, M Tatner
    Abstract:

    Antibacterial Proteins are an important part of the innate immune system for all animals. They have been extensively studied in mammals, amphibians and invertebrates, but have received only scant attention in fish. Their expression and processing, however, provide a way of monitoring defence vigour during development or with seasonal changes in physiology. The aim of the present work was to identify and characterise Antibacterial Proteins in rainbow trout. In vitro analyses of extracts of the peripheral blood leucocytes, head kidney leucocytes and mucus from adult unstimulated (non-immune) fish showed marked Antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria. Fractionation by ion exchange chromatography and RP-HPLC of head kidney extracts showed the presence of two forms of lysozyme but no constitutively expressed antimicrobial Proteins of