Antidepressant Medication

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Mika Kivimaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • living alone and Antidepressant Medication use a prospective study in a working age population
    BMC Public Health, 2012
    Co-Authors: Mika Kivimaki, Kirsi Ahola, Laura Pulkkiraback, Kaisla Joutsenniemi, Marko Elovainio, Helena Rossi, Sampsa Puttonen
    Abstract:

    An increasing proportion of the population lives in one-person households. The authors examined whether living alone predicts the use of Antidepressant Medication and whether socioeconomic, psychosocial, or behavioral factors explain this association. The participants were a nationally representative sample of working-age Finns from the Health 2000 Study, totaling 1695 men and 1776 women with a mean age of 44.6 years. In the baseline survey in 2000, living arrangements (living alone vs. not) and potential explanatory factors, including psychosocial factors (social support, work climate, hostility), sociodemographic factors (occupational grade, education, income, unemployment, urbanicity, rental living, housing conditions), and health behaviors (smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, obesity), were measured. Antidepressant Medication use was followed up from 2000 to 2008 through linkage to national prescription registers. Participants living alone had a 1.81-fold (CI = 1.46-2.23) higher purchase rate of Antidepressants during the follow-up period than those who did not live alone. Adjustment for sociodemographic factors attenuated this association by 21% (adjusted OR = 1.64, CI = 1.32-2.05). The corresponding attenuation was 12% after adjustment for psychosocial factors (adjusted OR = 1.71, CI = 1.38-2.11) and 9% after adjustment for health behaviors (adjusted OR = 1.74, CI = 1.41-2.14). Gender-stratified analyses showed that in women the greatest attenuation was related to sociodemographic factors and in men to psychosocial factors. These data suggest that people living alone may be at increased risk of developing mental health problems. The public health value is in recognizing that people who live alone are more likely to have material and psychosocial problems that may contribute to excess mental health problems in this population group.

  • Antidepressant Medication use and future risk of cardiovascular disease the scottish health survey
    European Heart Journal, 2011
    Co-Authors: Mark Hamer, G D Batty, Adrie Seldenrijk, Mika Kivimaki
    Abstract:

    larly in initially healthy samples. Given that Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are now prescribed not only for depression, but also for a wide range of conditions, this issue has relevance to the general population. We assessed the association between Antidepressant Medication use and future risk of CVD in a representative sample of community-dwelling adults without known CVD. Methods and results A prospective cohort study of 14 784 adults (aged 52.4+ 11.9 years, 43.9% males) without a known history of CVD was drawn from the Scottish Health Surveys. Of these study participants, 4.9% reported the use of Antidepressant Medication. Incident CVD events (comprising CVD death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, coronary surgical pro- cedures, stroke, and heart failure) over 8-year follow-up were ascertained by a linkage to national registers; a total of 1434 events were recorded. The use of tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) was associated with elevated risk of CVD (multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) ¼ 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03-1.77) after accounting for a range of covariates. There was a non-significant association between TCA use and coronary heart disease events (969 events, multivariate-adjusted HR ¼ 1.24, 95% CI, 0.87-1.75). The use of SSRIs was not associated with CVD. Neither class of drug was associated with all-cause mortality risk. Conclusion Although replication is required, the increased risk of CVD in men and women taking TCAs was not explained by

  • Antidepressant Medication use weight gain and risk of type 2 diabetes a population based study
    Diabetes Care, 2010
    Co-Authors: Mika Kivimaki, Marianna Virtanen, Mark Hamer, G D Batty, John R Geddes, Adam G Tabak, Jaana Pentti, Jussi Vahtera
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE To examine Antidepressant Medication use as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and weight gain. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A series of nested studies within a prospective cohort of 151,347 working-aged men and women including 9,197 participants with continuing Antidepressant Medication, 224 with severe depression, and 851 with incident type 2 diabetes during a mean follow-up of 4.8 years, as indicated by national health and prescription registers (the Public Sector study, Finland 1995–2005). RESULTS In the first analysis, the case subjects were individuals with incident type 2 diabetes compared with matched diabetes-free control subjects. Antidepressant use of ≥200 defined daily doses was associated with a doubling of diabetes risk in both participants with no indication of severe depression (odds ratio 1.93 [95% CI 1.48–2.51]) and participants with severe depression (2.65 [1.31–5.39]). In further analyses, the exposed group was Antidepressant users and the reference group was nonusers matched for depression-related characteristics. The 5-year absolute risk of diabetes was 1.1% for nonusers, 1.7% for individuals treated with 200–399 defined daily doses a year, and 2.3% for those with ≥400 defined daily doses ( P trend P trend CONCLUSIONS In these data, continuing use of Antidepressant Medication was associated with an increased relative risk of type 2 diabetes, although the elevation in absolute risk was modest.

  • work stress mental health and Antidepressant Medication findings from the health 2000 study
    Journal of Affective Disorders, 2007
    Co-Authors: Marianna Virtanen, Jussi Vahtera, Teija Honkonen, Mika Kivimaki, Kirsi Ahola, Arpo Aromaa, Jouko Lonnqvist
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: Population-based studies on the association between work stress and mental disorders are scarce, and it is not known whether work stress predicts mental disorders requiring treatment. AIMS: To examine the associations of work stress with DSM-IV mental disorders and subsequent Antidepressant Medication. METHODS: 3366 participants from a representative sample of the Finnish working population responded to a survey (The Health 2000 Study). 12-month prevalence of depressive or anxiety disorders was examined with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Data on Antidepressant prescriptions with a 3-year follow-up period were collected from a nationwide register of Social Insurance Institution. RESULTS: In men and women, high job demands, low job control and high job strain were associated with 12-month prevalence of depressive or anxiety disorders. After adjustment for lifetime and baseline mental disorders, men with high job demands and high job strain had increased risk of future Antidepressant Medication. CONCLUSIONS: Work stress is associated with mental disorders among both sexes and among men it is a risk factor for mental disorders treated with Antidepressant Medication.

Jussi Vahtera - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Antidepressant Medication use weight gain and risk of type 2 diabetes a population based study
    Diabetes Care, 2010
    Co-Authors: Mika Kivimaki, Marianna Virtanen, Mark Hamer, G D Batty, John R Geddes, Adam G Tabak, Jaana Pentti, Jussi Vahtera
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE To examine Antidepressant Medication use as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and weight gain. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A series of nested studies within a prospective cohort of 151,347 working-aged men and women including 9,197 participants with continuing Antidepressant Medication, 224 with severe depression, and 851 with incident type 2 diabetes during a mean follow-up of 4.8 years, as indicated by national health and prescription registers (the Public Sector study, Finland 1995–2005). RESULTS In the first analysis, the case subjects were individuals with incident type 2 diabetes compared with matched diabetes-free control subjects. Antidepressant use of ≥200 defined daily doses was associated with a doubling of diabetes risk in both participants with no indication of severe depression (odds ratio 1.93 [95% CI 1.48–2.51]) and participants with severe depression (2.65 [1.31–5.39]). In further analyses, the exposed group was Antidepressant users and the reference group was nonusers matched for depression-related characteristics. The 5-year absolute risk of diabetes was 1.1% for nonusers, 1.7% for individuals treated with 200–399 defined daily doses a year, and 2.3% for those with ≥400 defined daily doses ( P trend P trend CONCLUSIONS In these data, continuing use of Antidepressant Medication was associated with an increased relative risk of type 2 diabetes, although the elevation in absolute risk was modest.

  • Temporary employment and Antidepressant Medication: A register linkage study
    J PSYCHIATR RES, 2008
    Co-Authors: Jussi Vahtera
    Abstract:

    Evidence on the association between temporary employment and mental health is mixed. This study examined associations of temporary employment with register-based Antidepressant Medication by type and length of temporary job contract and socioeconomic position. Antidepressant prescriptions (1998-2002) were linked to register data for 17,071 men and 48,137 women in 10 Finnish municipalities. Repeated measures analyses over time were adjusted for age, socioeconomic position, and calendar year. After adjustments, temporary employment with a job contract more than 6 months was associated with odds ratio (OR) of 1.18 (95% confidence interval CI 1.03-1.37) for Antidepressant use in men and 0.99 (0.93-1.06) in women. Among temporary employees with a job contract of 6 months or less the corresponding odds ratio was higher (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.19-1.73 in men, OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.09-1.28 in women). Long-term unemployed who were in short-term government-subsidised temporary employment had the highest odds of Antidepressant use (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.23-2.02 in men, OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.20-1.59 in women). During the study period, increase in the prevalence of Antidepressant Medication was more rapid among women in government-subsidised temporary employment than among permanently employed women. Among men, the association between temporary employment and Antidepressant use was stronger within lower grade occupations. The results suggest that using Antidepressants is more pronounced when temporary employment is unstable. (C) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  • work stress mental health and Antidepressant Medication findings from the health 2000 study
    Journal of Affective Disorders, 2007
    Co-Authors: Marianna Virtanen, Jussi Vahtera, Teija Honkonen, Mika Kivimaki, Kirsi Ahola, Arpo Aromaa, Jouko Lonnqvist
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: Population-based studies on the association between work stress and mental disorders are scarce, and it is not known whether work stress predicts mental disorders requiring treatment. AIMS: To examine the associations of work stress with DSM-IV mental disorders and subsequent Antidepressant Medication. METHODS: 3366 participants from a representative sample of the Finnish working population responded to a survey (The Health 2000 Study). 12-month prevalence of depressive or anxiety disorders was examined with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Data on Antidepressant prescriptions with a 3-year follow-up period were collected from a nationwide register of Social Insurance Institution. RESULTS: In men and women, high job demands, low job control and high job strain were associated with 12-month prevalence of depressive or anxiety disorders. After adjustment for lifetime and baseline mental disorders, men with high job demands and high job strain had increased risk of future Antidepressant Medication. CONCLUSIONS: Work stress is associated with mental disorders among both sexes and among men it is a risk factor for mental disorders treated with Antidepressant Medication.

David F Schneider - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • large posttraumatic stress disorder improvement and Antidepressant Medication adherence
    Journal of Affective Disorders, 2020
    Co-Authors: Joanne Salas, Jeffrey F Scherrer, Peter W Tuerk, Carissa Van Den Berkclark, Kathleen M Chard, David F Schneider, Paula P Schnurr, Matthew J Friedman
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Patients with vs. without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are more likely to have poor Antidepressant Medication (ADM) adherence but it is unclear if improved PTSD is associated with ADM adherence. We determined if clinically meaningful PTSD symptom reduction was associated with ADM adherence. Methods Electronic health record data (2008–2015) was obtained from 742 Veterans Health Affairs (VHA) patients using PTSD specialty clinics with a PTSD diagnosis and PTSD checklist (PCL) score ≥50. The last PCL in the exposure year after the first PCL≥50 was used to identify patients with a clinically meaningful PCL decrease (≥20 point) versus those without ( Results Patients were 42.2 ± 13.1 years of age, 63.9% white and 18.9% had a clinically meaningful PCL decrease. After controlling for confounding variables, patients with vs. without a clinically meaningful PCL decrease were significantly more likely to be adherent (OR = 1.78; 95% CI:1.16–2.73). However, adherence remained low in both patients with and without meaningful PCL decrease (53.5% vs. 39.3%). Limitations The sample was limited to VHA patients. Patients may not have taken Medication as prescribed. Conclusions Large reductions in PTSD symptoms are associated with ADM adherence. Prior literature suggests ADM adherence improves depression symptoms. Thus, PTSD symptom reduction may lead to better depression outcomes.

  • Antidepressant Medication use and glycaemic control in co morbid type 2 diabetes and depression
    Family Practice, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jay Brieler, Joanne Salas, Jeffrey F Scherrer, Patrick J Lustman, David F Schneider
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE: Depression is prevalent in diabetes and is associated with increased risks of hyperglycaemia, morbidity and mortality. The effect of Antidepressant Medication (ADM) on glycaemic control is uncertain owing to a paucity of relevant data. We sought to determine whether the use of ADM is associated with glycaemic control in depressed patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study (n = 1399) was conducted using electronic medical record registry data of ambulatory primary care visits from 2008 to 2013. Depression and type 2 diabetes were identified from ICD-9-CM codes; ADM use was determined from prescription orders; and glycaemic control was determined from measures of glycated haemoglobin (A1c). Good glycaemic control was defined as A1c < 7.0% (53 mmol/mol). Generalized estimating equations were used to determine the effect of depression and ADM use on glycaemic control. RESULTS: Good glycaemic control was achieved by 50.9% of depressed subjects receiving ADM versus 34.6% of depressed subjects without ADM. After adjusting for covariates, depressed patients receiving ADM were twice as likely as those not receiving ADM to achieve good glycaemic control (odds ratio = 1.95; 95% confidence interval: 1.02-3.71). CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective cohort study of a large sample of primary care patients with type 2 diabetes, ADM use was associated with improved glycaemic control.

Sarah E Hetrick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • psychological therapies versus Antidepressant Medication alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2014
    Co-Authors: Patch Callahan, Rachel Churchill, Vivien Hunot, Sally N Merry, Alexandra G Parker, Sarah E Hetrick
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: Depressive disorders are common in children and adolescents and, if left untreated, are likely to recur in adulthood. Depression is highly debilitating, affecting psychosocial, family and academic functioning. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of psychological therapies and Antidepressant Medication, alone and in combination, for the treatment of depressive disorder in children and adolescents. We have examined clinical outcomes including remission, clinician and self reported depression measures, and suicide-related outcomes. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Review Group's Specialised Register (CCDANCTR) to 11 November 2011. This register contains reports of relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs) from the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (1950 to date), EMBASE (1974 to date), and PsycINFO (1967 to date). SELECTION CRITERIA: RCTs were eligible for inclusion if they compared i) any psychological therapy with any Antidepressant Medication, or ii) a combination of psychological therapy and Antidepressant Medication with a psychological therapy alone, or an Antidepressant Medication alone, or iii) a combination of psychological therapy and Antidepressant Medication with a placebo or 'treatment as usual', or (iv) a combination of psychological therapy and Antidepressant Medication with a psychological therapy or Antidepressant Medication plus a placebo.We included studies if they involved participants aged between 6 and 18 years, diagnosed by a clinician as having Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) or International Classification of Diseases (ICD) criteria. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently selected studies, extracted data and assessed the quality of the studies. We applied a random-effects meta-analysis, using the odds ratio (OR) to describe dichotomous outcomes, mean difference (MD) to describe continuous outcomes when the same measures were used, and standard mean difference (SMD) when outcomes were measured on different scales. MAIN RESULTS: We included ten studies, involving 1235 participants in this review. Studies recruited participants with different severities of disorder and with a variety of comorbid disorders, including anxiety and substance use disorder, therefore limiting the comparability of the results. Regarding the risk of bias in studies, half the studies had adequate allocation concealment (there was insufficient information to determine allocation concealment in the remainder), outcome assessors were blind to the participants' intervention in six studies, and in general, studies reported on incomplete data analysis methods, mainly using intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses. For the majority of outcomes there were no statistically significant differences between the interventions compared. There was limited evidence (based on two studies involving 220 participants) that Antidepressant Medication was more effective than psychotherapy on measures of clinician defined remission immediately post-intervention (odds ratio (OR) 0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.27 to 0.98), with 67.8% of participants in the Medication group and 53.7% in the psychotherapy group rated as being in remission. There was limited evidence (based on three studies involving 378 participants) that combination therapy was more effective than Antidepressant Medication alone in achieving higher remission from a depressive episode immediately post-intervention (OR 1.56, 95% CI 0.98 to 2.47), with 65.9% of participants treated with combination therapy and 57.8% of participants treated with Medication, rated as being in remission. There was no evidence to suggest that combination therapy was more effective than psychological therapy alone, based on clinician rated remission immediately post-intervention (OR 1.82, 95% CI 0.38 to 8.68).Suicide-related Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) were reported in various ways across studies and could not be combined in meta-analyses. However suicidal ideation specifically was generally measured and reported using standardised assessment tools suitable for meta-analysis. In one study involving 188 participants, rates of suicidal ideation were significantly higher in the Antidepressant Medication group (18.6%) compared with the psychological therapy group (5.4%) (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.72) and this effect appeared to remain at six to nine months (OR 1.27, 95% CI 0.68 to 2.36), with 13.6% of participants in the Medication group and 3.9% of participants in the psychological therapy group reporting suicidal ideation. It was unclear what the effect of combination therapy was compared with either Antidepressant Medication alone or psychological therapy alone on rates of suicidal ideation. The impact of any of the assigned treatment packages on drop out was also mostly unclear across the various comparisons in the review.Limited data and conflicting results based on other outcome measures make it difficult to draw conclusions regarding the effectiveness of any specific intervention based on these outcomes. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is very limited evidence upon which to base conclusions about the relative effectiveness of psychological interventions, Antidepressant Medication and a combination of these interventions. On the basis of the available evidence, the effectiveness of these interventions for treating depressive disorders in children and adolescents cannot be established. Further appropriately powered RCTs are required.

  • The Cochrane Library - Psychological therapies versus Antidepressant Medication, alone and in combination for depression in children and adolescents
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2014
    Co-Authors: Patch Callahan, Rachel Churchill, Vivien Hunot, Sally N Merry, Alexandra G Parker, Sarah E Hetrick
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: Depressive disorders are common in children and adolescents and, if left untreated, are likely to recur in adulthood. Depression is highly debilitating, affecting psychosocial, family and academic functioning. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of psychological therapies and Antidepressant Medication, alone and in combination, for the treatment of depressive disorder in children and adolescents. We have examined clinical outcomes including remission, clinician and self reported depression measures, and suicide-related outcomes. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Review Group's Specialised Register (CCDANCTR) to 11 November 2011. This register contains reports of relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs) from the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (1950 to date), EMBASE (1974 to date), and PsycINFO (1967 to date). SELECTION CRITERIA: RCTs were eligible for inclusion if they compared i) any psychological therapy with any Antidepressant Medication, or ii) a combination of psychological therapy and Antidepressant Medication with a psychological therapy alone, or an Antidepressant Medication alone, or iii) a combination of psychological therapy and Antidepressant Medication with a placebo or 'treatment as usual', or (iv) a combination of psychological therapy and Antidepressant Medication with a psychological therapy or Antidepressant Medication plus a placebo.We included studies if they involved participants aged between 6 and 18 years, diagnosed by a clinician as having Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) or International Classification of Diseases (ICD) criteria. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently selected studies, extracted data and assessed the quality of the studies. We applied a random-effects meta-analysis, using the odds ratio (OR) to describe dichotomous outcomes, mean difference (MD) to describe continuous outcomes when the same measures were used, and standard mean difference (SMD) when outcomes were measured on different scales. MAIN RESULTS: We included ten studies, involving 1235 participants in this review. Studies recruited participants with different severities of disorder and with a variety of comorbid disorders, including anxiety and substance use disorder, therefore limiting the comparability of the results. Regarding the risk of bias in studies, half the studies had adequate allocation concealment (there was insufficient information to determine allocation concealment in the remainder), outcome assessors were blind to the participants' intervention in six studies, and in general, studies reported on incomplete data analysis methods, mainly using intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses. For the majority of outcomes there were no statistically significant differences between the interventions compared. There was limited evidence (based on two studies involving 220 participants) that Antidepressant Medication was more effective than psychotherapy on measures of clinician defined remission immediately post-intervention (odds ratio (OR) 0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.27 to 0.98), with 67.8% of participants in the Medication group and 53.7% in the psychotherapy group rated as being in remission. There was limited evidence (based on three studies involving 378 participants) that combination therapy was more effective than Antidepressant Medication alone in achieving higher remission from a depressive episode immediately post-intervention (OR 1.56, 95% CI 0.98 to 2.47), with 65.9% of participants treated with combination therapy and 57.8% of participants treated with Medication, rated as being in remission. There was no evidence to suggest that combination therapy was more effective than psychological therapy alone, based on clinician rated remission immediately post-intervention (OR 1.82, 95% CI 0.38 to 8.68).Suicide-related Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) were reported in various ways across studies and could not be combined in meta-analyses. However suicidal ideation specifically was generally measured and reported using standardised assessment tools suitable for meta-analysis. In one study involving 188 participants, rates of suicidal ideation were significantly higher in the Antidepressant Medication group (18.6%) compared with the psychological therapy group (5.4%) (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.72) and this effect appeared to remain at six to nine months (OR 1.27, 95% CI 0.68 to 2.36), with 13.6% of participants in the Medication group and 3.9% of participants in the psychological therapy group reporting suicidal ideation. It was unclear what the effect of combination therapy was compared with either Antidepressant Medication alone or psychological therapy alone on rates of suicidal ideation. The impact of any of the assigned treatment packages on drop out was also mostly unclear across the various comparisons in the review.Limited data and conflicting results based on other outcome measures make it difficult to draw conclusions regarding the effectiveness of any specific intervention based on these outcomes. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is very limited evidence upon which to base conclusions about the relative effectiveness of psychological interventions, Antidepressant Medication and a combination of these interventions. On the basis of the available evidence, the effectiveness of these interventions for treating depressive disorders in children and adolescents cannot be established. Further appropriately powered RCTs are required.

Anne Buist - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • neonatal growth outcomes at birth and one month postpartum following in utero exposure to Antidepressant Medication
    Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 2010
    Co-Authors: Andrew J Lewis, Megan Galbally, Gillian Opie, Anne Buist
    Abstract:

    Objective: There is evidence of increasing prescription of Antidepressant Medication in pregnant women. This has arisen from the recognition of the importance of treating maternal depression. This must be balanced, however, with information on outcomes for infants and children exposed to Antidepressants in pregnancy. The aim of the present study was to examine whether neonatal outcomes including gestational age at birth, neonatal growth outcomes at birth and then at 1 month postpartum were altered by in utero exposure to Antidepressant Medication using a prospective and controlled design.Method: A prospective case–control study recruited 27 pregnant women taking Antidepressant Medication and 27 matched controls who were not taking Antidepressant Medication in pregnancy at an obstetric hospital in Melbourne, Australia. Of the 27 women taking Medication, 25 remained on Medication in the third trimester. A purpose-designed self-report questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory-II were completed in pregn...

  • serotonin discontinuation syndrome following in utero exposure to Antidepressant Medication prospective controlled study
    Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 2009
    Co-Authors: Megan Galbally, Andrew J Lewis, Anne Buist
    Abstract:

    Objectives: The aim of the present study was to examine neonatal symptoms previously reported to be associated with exposure to Antidepressant Medication in late pregnancy in a group of infants exposed to Antidepressants, using a prospective and controlled design.Method: A prospective case–control study recruited 27 pregnant women taking Antidepressant Medication and 27 matched controls who were not taking Antidepressant Medication in pregnancy. Of the 27 women taking Medication, 25 remained on Medication in the third trimester and, of these, 23 women had complete data available. In pregnancy and after delivery women were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory-II and a purpose-designed questionnaire. After delivery mothers were asked a set of nine questions pertaining to symptoms of discontinuation in their newborn and questions about pregnancy and delivery complications.Results: There was an increased risk of discontinuation symptoms in neonates exposed to Antidepressant Medication in late pregnancy...