The Experts below are selected from a list of 90393 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
R R Colwell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toxigenic vibrio cholerae in the Aquatic Environment of mathbaria bangladesh
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2006Co-Authors: Munirul Alam, David A. Sack, Afsar Ali, Balakrish G Nair, A K Siddique, Bradley R Sack, Anwar Huq, Marzia Sultana, R R ColwellAbstract:Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, rarely isolated from the Aquatic Environment between cholera epidemics, can be detected in what is now understood to be a dormant stage, i.e., viable but nonculturable when standard bacteriological methods are used. In the research reported here, biofilms have proved to be a source of culturable V. cholerae, even in nonepidemic periods. Biweekly Environmental surveillance for V. cholerae was carried out in Mathbaria, an area of cholera endemicity adjacent to the Bay of Bengal, with the focus on V. cholerae O1 and O139 Bengal. A total of 297 samples of water, phytoplankton, and zooplankton were collected between March and December 2004, yielding eight V. cholerae O1 and four O139 Bengal isolates. A combination of culture methods, multiplex-PCR, and direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) counting revealed the Mathbaria Aquatic Environment to be a reservoir for V. cholerae O1 and O139 Bengal. DFA results showed significant clumping of the bacteria during the interepidemic period for cholera, and the fluorescent micrographs revealed large numbers of V. cholerae O1 in thin films of exopolysaccharides (biofilm). A similar clumping of V. cholerae O1 was also observed in samples collected from Matlab, Bangladesh, where cholera also is endemic. Thus, the results of the study provided in situ evidence for V. cholerae O1 and O139 in the Aquatic Environment, predominantly as viable but nonculturable cells and culturable cells in biofilm consortia. The biofilm community is concluded to be an additional reservoir of cholera bacteria in the Aquatic Environment between seasonal epidemics of cholera in Bangladesh.
Anwar Huq - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toxigenic vibrio cholerae in the Aquatic Environment of mathbaria bangladesh
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2006Co-Authors: Munirul Alam, David A. Sack, Afsar Ali, Balakrish G Nair, A K Siddique, Bradley R Sack, Anwar Huq, Marzia Sultana, R R ColwellAbstract:Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, rarely isolated from the Aquatic Environment between cholera epidemics, can be detected in what is now understood to be a dormant stage, i.e., viable but nonculturable when standard bacteriological methods are used. In the research reported here, biofilms have proved to be a source of culturable V. cholerae, even in nonepidemic periods. Biweekly Environmental surveillance for V. cholerae was carried out in Mathbaria, an area of cholera endemicity adjacent to the Bay of Bengal, with the focus on V. cholerae O1 and O139 Bengal. A total of 297 samples of water, phytoplankton, and zooplankton were collected between March and December 2004, yielding eight V. cholerae O1 and four O139 Bengal isolates. A combination of culture methods, multiplex-PCR, and direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) counting revealed the Mathbaria Aquatic Environment to be a reservoir for V. cholerae O1 and O139 Bengal. DFA results showed significant clumping of the bacteria during the interepidemic period for cholera, and the fluorescent micrographs revealed large numbers of V. cholerae O1 in thin films of exopolysaccharides (biofilm). A similar clumping of V. cholerae O1 was also observed in samples collected from Matlab, Bangladesh, where cholera also is endemic. Thus, the results of the study provided in situ evidence for V. cholerae O1 and O139 in the Aquatic Environment, predominantly as viable but nonculturable cells and culturable cells in biofilm consortia. The biofilm community is concluded to be an additional reservoir of cholera bacteria in the Aquatic Environment between seasonal epidemics of cholera in Bangladesh.
Lan Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detection and size measurement of individual hemozoin nanocrystals in Aquatic Environment using a whispering gallery mode resonator
arXiv: Optics, 2013Co-Authors: Woosung Kim, Sahin Kaya Ozdemir, Jiangang Zhu, Monifi Faraz, Cevayir Coban, Lan YangAbstract:We, for the first time, report the detection and the size measurement of single nanoparticles (i.e. polystyrene) in Aquatic Environment using mode splitting in a whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical resonator, namely a microtoroid resonator. Using this method we achieved detecting and measuring individual synthetic hemozoin nanocrystals, which are a hemoglobin degradation by-product of malarial parasites, dispersed in a solution or in air. The results of size measurement in solution and in air agree with each other and with those obtained using scanning electron microscope and dynamic light scattering. Moreover, we compare the sensing capabilities of the degenerate (single resonance) and non-degenerate (split mode, doublet) operation regimes of the WGM resonator.
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detection and size measurement of individual hemozoin nanocrystals in Aquatic Environment using a whispering gallery mode resonator
Optics Express, 2012Co-Authors: Woosung Kim, Sahin Kaya Ozdemir, Jiangang Zhu, Monifi Faraz, Cevayir Coban, Lan YangAbstract:We, for the first time, report the detection and the size measurement of single nanoparticles (i.e. polystyrene) in Aquatic Environment using mode splitting in a whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical resonator, namely a microtoroid resonator. Using this method we achieved detecting and measuring individual synthetic hemozoin nanocrystals―a hemoglobin degradation by-product of malarial parasites―dispersed in a solution or in air. The results of size measurement in solution and in air agree with each other and with those obtained using scanning electron microscope and dynamic light scattering. Moreover, we compare the sensing capabilities of the degenerate (single resonance) and non-degenerate (split mode, doublet) operation regimes of the WGM resonator.
Anwarul Huq - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Viable but nonculturable Vibrio cholerae O1 in the Aquatic Environment of Argentina.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Norma Binsztein, M. Costagliola, Mariana Pichel, Verónica Jurquiza, Fernando C. Ramírez, Rut Akselman, Marta Vacchino, Anwarul HuqAbstract:In Argentina, as in other countries of Latin America, cholera has occurred in an epidemic pattern. Vibrio cholerae O1 is native to the Aquatic Environment, and it occurs in both culturable and viable but nonculturable (VNC) forms, the latter during interepidemic periods. This is the first report of the presence of VNC V. cholerae O1 in the estuarine and marine waters of the Rio de la Plata and the Argentine shelf of the Atlantic Ocean, respectively. Employing immunofluorescence and PCR methods, we were able to detect reservoirs of V. cholerae O1 carrying the virulence-associated genes ctxA and tcpA. The VNC forms of V. cholerae O1 were identified in samples of water, phytoplankton, and zooplankton; the latter organisms were mainly the copepods Acartia tonsa, Diaptomus sp., Paracalanus crassirostris, and Paracalanus parvus. We found that under favorable conditions, the VNC form of V. cholerae can revert to the pathogenic, transmissible state. We concluded that V. cholerae O1 is a resident of Argentinean waters, as has been shown to be the case in other geographic regions of the world.
V J Pereira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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predicted concentrations of anticancer drugs in the Aquatic Environment what should we monitor and where should we treat
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2020Co-Authors: M B Cristovao, Raphael Janssens, Ankush Yadav, Shailesh Pandey, Patricia Luis, B Van Der Bruggen, Kashyap Kumar Dubey, Mrinal Kanti Mandal, Joao G Crespo, V J PereiraAbstract:Abstract Anticancer drugs have been detected in the Aquatic Environment, they have a potent mechanism of action and their consumption is expected to drastically increase in the future. Consequently, it is crucial to routinely monitor the occurrence of anticancer drugs and to develop effective treatment options to avoid their release into the Environment. Prior to implementing a monitoring program, it is important to define which anticancer drugs are more prone to be found in the surface waters. In this study the consumption of anticancer drugs in the Lisbon region (Portugal), Belgium and Haryana state (India) were used to estimate the concentrations that can be expected in surface waters. Moreover, one important aspect is to define the major entry route of anticancer drugs in the Aquatic Environment: is it hospital or household effluents? The results disclosed in this study showed that in Belgium and Lisbon, 94 % of the total amount of anticancer drugs were delivered to outpatients, indicating that household effluents are the primary input source of these drugs and thus, upgrading the treatment in the domestic wastewater facilities should be the focus.
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biodegradation of pesticides using fungi species found in the Aquatic Environment
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015Co-Authors: Beatriz Oliveira, A Penetra, Vitor Vale Cardoso, Maria Joao Benoliel, M Barreto T Crespo, Robert A Samson, V J PereiraAbstract:Relatively limited attention has been given to the presence of fungi in the Aquatic Environment compared to their occurrence in other matrices. Taking advantage and recognizing the biodegradable capabilities of fungi is important, since these organisms may produce many potent enzymes capable of degrading toxic pollutants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential ability of some species of filamentous fungi that occur in the Aquatic Environment to degrade pesticides in untreated surface water. Several laboratory-scale experiments were performed using the natural microbial population present in the Aquatic Environment as well as spiked fungi isolates that were found to occur in different water matrices, to test the ability of fungi to degrade several pesticides of current concern (atrazine, diuron, isoproturon and chlorfenvinphos). The results obtained in this study showed that, when spiked in sterile natural water, fungi were able to degrade chlorfenvinphos to levels below detection and unable to degrade atrazine, diuron and isoproturon. Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus terreus and Trichoderma harzianum were found to be able to resist and degrade chlorfenvinphos. These fungi are therefore expected to play an important role in the degradation of this and other pollutants present in the Aquatic Environment.