The Experts below are selected from a list of 65100 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sabine Bergler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Partial Predicate Argument Structure Matching for Entailment Determination
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2006Co-Authors: Alina Andreevskaia, Sabine BerglerAbstract:The Computational Linguistics at Concordia laboratory system for textual entailment determination is based on shallow, partial predicate-Argument Structure matching combined with a WordNet-based lexical similarity measure. In this paper we describe experiments with different system settings conducted to assess the potential and limitations of partial predicate-Argument Structures in textual entailment determination.
-
MLCW - Partial predicate Argument Structure matching for entailment determination
Machine Learning Challenges. Evaluating Predictive Uncertainty Visual Object Classification and Recognising Tectual Entailment, 2006Co-Authors: Alina Andreevskaia, Sabine BerglerAbstract:The Computational Linguistics at Concordia laboratory system for textual entailment determination is based on shallow, partial predicate-Argument Structure matching combined with a WordNet-based lexical similarity measure. In this paper we describe experiments with different system settings conducted to assess the potential and limitations of partial predicate-Argument Structures in textual entailment determination.
Yuji Matsumoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
japanese predicate Argument Structure analysis exploiting Argument position and type
International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 2011Co-Authors: Yuta Hayashibe, Mamoru Komachi, Yuji MatsumotoAbstract:We propose an approach to Japanese predicate Argument Structure analysis exploiting Argument position and type. In particular, we propose the following two methods. First, in order to use information in the sentences in preceding context of the predicate more effectively, we propose an improved similarity measure between Argument positions which is more robust than a previous co-reference-based measure. Second, we propose a flexible selection-and-classification approach which accounts for the minor types of Arguments. Experimental results show that our proposed method achieves state-ofthe-art accuracy for Japanese predicate Argument Structure analysis.
-
phrase reordering for statistical machine translation based on predicate Argument Structure
IWSLT, 2006Co-Authors: Mamoru Komachi, Yuji Matsumoto, Masaaki NagataAbstract:In this paper, we describe a novel phrase reordering model based on predicate-Argument Structure. Our phrase reordering method utilizes a general predicate-Argument Structure analyzer to reorder source language chunks based on predicate-Argument Structure. We explicitly model longdistance phrase alignments by reordering Arguments and predicates. The reordering approach is applied as a preprocessing step in training phase of a phrase-based statistical MT system. We report experimental results in the evaluation campaign of IWSLT 2006.
Cynthia K. Thompson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
training verb Argument Structure production in agrammatic aphasia behavioral and neural recovery patterns
Cortex, 2013Co-Authors: Cynthia K. Thompson, Ellyn A Riley, Dirkbart Den Ouden, Aya Meltzerasscher, Sladjana LukicAbstract:Introduction: Neuroimaging and lesion studies indicate a left hemisphere network for verb and verb Argument Structure processing, involving both frontal and temporoparietal brain regions. Although their verb comprehension is generally unimpaired, it is well known that individuals with agrammatic aphasia often present with verb production deficits, characterized by an Argument Structure complexity hierarchy, indicating faulty access to Argument Structure representations for production and integration into syntactic contexts. Recovery of verb processing in agrammatism, however, has received little attention and no studies have examined the neural mechanisms associated with improved verb and Argument Structure processing. In the present study we trained agrammatic individuals on verbs with complex Argument Structure in sentence contexts and examined generalization to verbs with less complex Argument Structure. The neural substrates of improved verb production were examined using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods: Eight individuals with chronic agrammatic aphasia participated in the study (four experimental and four control participants). Production of three-Argument verbs in active sentences was trained using a sentence generation task emphasizing the verb’s Argument Structure and the thematic roles of sentential noun phrases. Before and after training, production of trained and untrained verbs was tested in naming and sentence production and fMRI scans were obtained, using an action naming task. Results: Significant pre- to post-training improvement in trained and untrained (one- and two-Argument) verbs was found for treated, but not control, participants, with betweengroup differences found for verb naming, production of verbs in sentences, and production of Argument Structure. fMRI activation derived from post-treatment compared to pre
-
Electrophysiological responses to Argument Structure violations in healthy adults and individuals with agrammatic aphasia
Neuropsychologia, 2012Co-Authors: Aneta Kielar, Aya Meltzer-asscher, Cynthia K. ThompsonAbstract:Sentence comprehension requires processing of Argument Structure information associated with verbs, i.e. the number and type of Arguments that they select. Many individuals with agrammatic aphasia show impaired production of verbs with greater Argument Structure density. The extent to which these participants also show Argument Structure deficits during comprehension, however, is unclear. Some studies find normal access to verb Arguments, whereas others report impaired ability. The present study investigated verb Argument Structure processing in agrammatic aphasia by examining event-related potentials associated with Argument Structure violations in healthy young and older adults as well as aphasic individuals. A semantic violation condition was included to investigate possible differences in sensitivity to semantic and Argument Structure information during sentence processing. Results for the healthy control participants showed a negativity followed by a positive shift (N400-P600) in the Argument Structure violation condition, as found in previous ERP studies (Friederici & Frisch, 2000; Frisch, Hahne, & Friederici, 2004). In contrast, individuals with agrammatic aphasia showed a P600, but no N400, response to Argument Structure mismatches. Additionally, compared to the control groups, the agrammatic participants showed an attenuated, but relatively preserved, N400 response to semantic violations. These data show that agrammatic individuals do not demonstrate normal real-time sensitivity to verb Argument Structure requirements during sentence processing.
-
neural mechanisms of verb Argument Structure processing in agrammatic aphasic and healthy age matched listeners
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2010Co-Authors: Cynthia K. Thompson, Borna Bonakdarpour, Stephen F FixAbstract:Processing of lexical verbs involves automatic access to Argument Structure entries entailed within the verb's representation. Recent neuroimaging studies with young normal listeners suggest that this involves bilateral posterior peri-sylvian tissue, with graded activation in these regions on the basis of Argument Structure complexity. The aim of the present study was to examine the neural mechanisms of verb processing using fMRI in older normal volunteers and patients with stroke-induced agrammatic aphasia, a syndrome in which verb, as compared to noun, production often is selectively impaired, but verb comprehension in both on-line and off-line tasks is spared. Fourteen healthy listeners and five age-matched aphasic patients performed a lexical decision task, which examined verb processing by Argument Structure complexity, namely, one-Argument [i.e., intransitive (v1)], two-Argument [i.e., transitive (v2)], and three-Argument (v3) verbs. Results for the age-matched listeners largely replicated those for younger participants studied by Thompson et al. [Thompson, C. K., Bonakdarpour, B., Fix, S. C., Blumenfeld, H. K., Parrish, T. B., Gitelman, D. R., et al. Neural correlates of verb Argument Structure processing. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience,19, 1753-1767, 2007]: v3-v1 comparisons showed activation of the angular gyrus in both hemispheres and this same heteromodal region was activated in the left hemisphere in the (v2 + v3)-v1 contrast. Similar results were derived for the agrammatic aphasic patients, however, activation was unilateral (in the right hemisphere for three participants) rather than bilateral, likely because these patients' lesions extended to the left temporo-parietal region. All performed the task with high accuracy and, despite differences in lesion site and extent, they recruited spared tissue in the same regions as healthy subjects. Consistent with psycholinguistic models of sentence processing, these findings indicate that the posterior language network is engaged for processing verb Argument Structure and is crucial for semantic integration of Argument Structure information.
-
Argument Structure effects in action verb naming in static and dynamic conditions
Journal of Neurolinguistics, 2009Co-Authors: Dirkbart Den Ouden, Todd B. Parrish, Steve Fix, Cynthia K. ThompsonAbstract:Argument Structure, as in the participant roles entailed within the lexical representation of verbs, affects verb processing. Recent neuroimaging studies show that when verbs are heard or read, the posterior temporoparietal region shows increased activation for verbs with greater versus lesser Argument Structure complexity, usually bilaterally. In addition, patients with agrammatic aphasia show verb production deficits, graded based on Argument Structure complexity. In the present study, we used fMRI to examine the neural correlates of verb production in overt action naming conditions. In addition, we tested the differential effects of naming when verbs were presented dynamically in video segments versus statically in line drawings. Results showed increased neuronal activity associated with production of transitive as compared to intransitive verbs not only in posterior regions, but also in left inferior frontal cortex. We also found significantly greater activation for transitive versus intransitive action naming for videos compared to pictures in the right inferior and superior parietal cortices, areas associated with object manipulation. These findings indicate that verbs with greater Argument Structure density engender graded activation of both anterior and posterior portions of the language network and support verb naming deficit patterns reported in lesion studies. In addition, the similar findings derived under video and static picture naming conditions provide validity for using videos in neuroimaging studies, which are more naturalistic and perhaps ecologically valid than using static pictures to investigate action naming.
-
Neural correlates of verb Argument Structure processing
Journal of cognitive neuroscience, 2007Co-Authors: Cynthia K. Thompson, Borna Bonakdarpour, Stephen Fix, Henrike K. Blumenfeld, Todd B. Parrish, Darren R. Gitelman, M.-marsel MesulamAbstract:Neuroimaging and lesion studies suggest that processing of word classes, such as verbs and nouns, is associated with distinct neural mechanisms. Such studies also suggest that subcategories within these broad word class categories are differentially processed in the brain. Within the class of verbs, Argument Structure provides one linguistic dimension that distinguishes among verb exemplars, with some requiring more complex Argument Structure entries than others. This study examined the neural instantiation of verbs by Argument Structure complexity: one-, two-, and three-Argument verbs. Stimuli of each type, along with nouns and pseudowords, were presented for lexical decision using an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging design. Results for 14 young normal participants indicated largely overlapping activation maps for verbs and nouns, with no areas of significant activation for verbs compared to nouns, or vice versa. Pseudowords also engaged neural tissue overlapping with that for both word classes, with more widespread activation noted in visual, motor, and peri-sylvian regions. Examination of verbs by Argument Structure revealed activation of the supramarginal and angular gyri, limited to the left hemisphere only when verbs with two obligatory Arguments were compared to verbs with a single Argument. However, bilateral activation was noted when both two-and three-Argument verbs were compared to one-Argument verbs. These findings suggest that posterior peri-sylvian regions are engaged for processing Argument Structure information associated with verbs, with increasing neural tissue in the inferior parietal region associated with increasing Argument Structure complexity. These findings are consistent with processing accounts, which suggest that these regions are crucial for semantic integration.
Tatsuya Kawahara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
predicate Argument Structure analysis using partially annotated corpora
International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 2013Co-Authors: Koichiro Yoshino, Shinsuke Mori, Tatsuya KawaharaAbstract:We present a novel scheme of predicate Argument Structure analysis that can be trained from partially annotated corpora. In order to allow partial annotation, this semantic role labeler does not require worddependencyinformation. Theadvantage of partial annotation is that it allows for smooth domain adaptation of training data and improves the adaptability to a variety of domains.
Angela D. Friederici - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
word category and verb Argument Structure information in the dynamics of parsing
Cognition, 2004Co-Authors: Stefan Frisch, Anja Hahne, Angela D. FriedericiAbstract:One of the core issues in psycholinguistic research concerns the relationship between word category information and verb-Argument Structure (e.g. transitivity) information of verbs in the process of sentence parsing. In two experiments (visual versus auditory presentation) using event-related brain potentials (ERPs), we addressed this question by presenting sentences in which the critical word simultaneously realized both a word category and a transitivity violation. ERPs for sentences with both types of violation clustered with the patterns for sentences with a word category violation only, but were different from the patterns elicited by Argument Structure violations in isolation, since only the latter elicited an N400 ERP component. The finding that an Argument Structure violation evoked an N400 only if the phrase Structure of the respective sentence was correct suggests that a successful integration of the word category information of a verb functionally precedes the application of its Argument Structure information.
-
Word category and verb–Argument Structure information in the dynamics of parsing
Cognition, 2004Co-Authors: Stefan Frisch, Anja Hahne, Angela D. FriedericiAbstract:One of the core issues in psycholinguistic research concerns the relationship between word category information and verb-Argument Structure (e.g. transitivity) information of verbs in the process of sentence parsing. In two experiments (visual versus auditory presentation) using event-related brain potentials (ERPs), we addressed this question by presenting sentences in which the critical word simultaneously realized both a word category and a transitivity violation. ERPs for sentences with both types of violation clustered with the patterns for sentences with a word category violation only, but were different from the patterns elicited by Argument Structure violations in isolation, since only the latter elicited an N400 ERP component. The finding that an Argument Structure violation evoked an N400 only if the phrase Structure of the respective sentence was correct suggests that a successful integration of the word category information of a verb functionally precedes the application of its Argument Structure information.