The Experts below are selected from a list of 9639 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Charles J. Newbold - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Maternal versus Artificial rearing shapes the rumen microbiome having minor long‐term physiological implications
Environmental microbiology, 2019Co-Authors: Alejandro Belanche, David R. Yáñez-ruiz, Andrew P. Detheridge, Gareth W. Griffith, Alison H. Kingston-smith, Charles J. NewboldAbstract:Increasing productivity is a key target in ruminant science which requires better understanding of the rumen microbiota. This study investigated how maternal versus Artificial rearing shapes the rumen microbiota using 24 sets of triplet lambs. Lambs within each sibling set were randomly assigned to natural rearing on the ewe (NN); ewe colostrum for 24 h followed by Artificial Milk feeding (NA); and colostrum alternative and Artificial Milk feeding (AA). Maternal colostrum feeding enhanced VFA production at weaning but not thereafter. At weaning, lambs reared on Milk replacer had no rumen protozoa and lower microbial diversity, whereas natural rearing accelerated the rumen microbial development and facilitated the transition to solid diet. Differences in the rumen prokaryotic communities disappear later in life when all lambs were grouped on the same pasture up to 23 weeks of age. However, NN animals retained higher fungal diversity and abundances of Piromyces, Feramyces and Diplodiniinae protozoa as well as higher feed digestibility (+4%) and animal growth (+6.5%) during the grazing period. Nevertheless, no correlations were found between rumen microbiota and productive outcomes. These findings suggest that the early life nutritional intervention determine the initial rumen microbial community, but the persistence of these effects later in life is weak.
Romuald Zabielski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Presence of leptin in mammalian colostrum and Milk and in Artificial Milk formulas
Medycyna wieku rozwojowego, 2005Co-Authors: J. Woliński, Romuald ZabielskiAbstract:Leptin is a 167-amino acid protein, involved in the regulation of adipose tissue, food intake and body weight in humans and animals. Recently, leptin synthesis has been found in the placenta and mammary glands in human and numerous animal species suggesting a role in controlling growth of the foetus and neonate. Colostrum and Milk contain high amounts of leptin, in particular during the first few days of lactation. Milk leptin is associated with Milk fats what may affect the results of analysis. In humans, a correlation was found between the Milk leptin and plasma leptin, body weight and body mass index. In sows, no correlation have been found between the concentration of leptin in blood plasma and Milk during the first week of lactation. Milk replacer formulas contain less leptin and leptin supplementation reverses the negative influence of formula feeding on the functional development of the gastro-intestinal tract in neonatal piglets. Data obtained so far suggest that breast Milk leptin may control the gut development in newborns.
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Effect of sodium butyrate on the small intestine development in neonatal piglets fed [correction of feed] by Artificial sow.
Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society, 2004Co-Authors: A. Kotunia, J. Woliński, Daniel Laubitz, M. Jurkowska, Véronique Romé, P. Guilloteau, Romuald ZabielskiAbstract:Feeding of neonates with Artificial Milk formulas delays the maturation of the gastrointestinal mucosa. Na-butyrate has a complex trophic effect on the gastrointestinal epithelium in adults. The present study aimed to determine the effect of Milk formula supplementation with Na-butyrate on the gut mucosa in neonatal piglets. Sixteen 3 day old piglets were randomly divided into two groups: control (C, n = 8), and Na-butyrate (B, n = 8). Animals were feed for 7 days with Artificial Milk formula alone (C) or supplemented with Na-butyrate (B). At the 10(th) day of life the piglets were sacrificed and whole thickness samples of the upper gut were taken for analyses. Administration of Na-butyrate led to significant increase in daily body weight gain as compared to control. In the duodenum, the villi length and mucosa thickness were reduced, however, in the distal jejunum and ileum, the crypt depth, villi length and mucosa thickness were increased in Na-butyrate supplemented piglets as compared to control. Supplementation with Na-butyrate did not affect the intestinal brush border enzyme activities but increased plasma pancreatic polypeptide and cholecystokinin concentrations. These results suggest that supplementation with Na-butyrate may enhance the development of jejunal and ileal mucosa in formula-fed piglets.
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Effect of sodium butyrate on the small intestine development in neonatal piglets feed by Artificial sow
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement, 2004Co-Authors: A. Kotunia, J. Woliński, Daniel Laubitz, M. Jurkowska, Véronique Romé, P. Guilloteau, Romuald ZabielskiAbstract:Feeding of neonates with Artificial Milk formulas delays the maturation of the gastrointestinal mucosa. Na-butyrate has a complex trophic effect on the gastrointestinal epithelium in adults. The present study aimed to determine the effect of Milk formula supplementation with Na-butyrate on the gut mucosa in neonatal piglets. Sixteen 3 day old piglets were randomly divided into two groups: control (C, n = 8), and Na-butyrate (B, n = 8). Animals were feed for 7 days with Artificial Milk formula alone (C) or supplemented with Na-butyrate (B). At the 10 day of life the piglets were sacrificed and whole thickness samples of the upper gut were taken for analyses. Administration of Na-butyrate led to significant increase in daily body weight gain as compared to control. In the duodenum, the villi length and mucosa thickness were reduced, however, in the distal jejunum and ileum, the crypt depth, villi length and mucosa thickness were increased in Na-butyrate supplemented piglets as compared to control. Supplementation with Na-butyrate did not affect the intestinal brush border enzyme activities but increased plasma pancreatic polypeptide and cholecystokinin concentrations. These results suggest that supplementation with Na-butyrate may enhance the development of jejunal and ileal mucosa in formula-fed piglets.
Alejandro Belanche - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Maternal versus Artificial rearing shapes the rumen microbiome having minor long‐term physiological implications
Environmental microbiology, 2019Co-Authors: Alejandro Belanche, David R. Yáñez-ruiz, Andrew P. Detheridge, Gareth W. Griffith, Alison H. Kingston-smith, Charles J. NewboldAbstract:Increasing productivity is a key target in ruminant science which requires better understanding of the rumen microbiota. This study investigated how maternal versus Artificial rearing shapes the rumen microbiota using 24 sets of triplet lambs. Lambs within each sibling set were randomly assigned to natural rearing on the ewe (NN); ewe colostrum for 24 h followed by Artificial Milk feeding (NA); and colostrum alternative and Artificial Milk feeding (AA). Maternal colostrum feeding enhanced VFA production at weaning but not thereafter. At weaning, lambs reared on Milk replacer had no rumen protozoa and lower microbial diversity, whereas natural rearing accelerated the rumen microbial development and facilitated the transition to solid diet. Differences in the rumen prokaryotic communities disappear later in life when all lambs were grouped on the same pasture up to 23 weeks of age. However, NN animals retained higher fungal diversity and abundances of Piromyces, Feramyces and Diplodiniinae protozoa as well as higher feed digestibility (+4%) and animal growth (+6.5%) during the grazing period. Nevertheless, no correlations were found between rumen microbiota and productive outcomes. These findings suggest that the early life nutritional intervention determine the initial rumen microbial community, but the persistence of these effects later in life is weak.
I. A. Penttila - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Effects of Formula Feeding on Physiological and Immunological Parameters in the Gut of Neonatal Rats
Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: K. L. Tooley, G. S. Howarth, R. N. Butler, K. A. Lymn, I. A. PenttilaAbstract:A unique model of formula feeding in the neonatal rat was utilized to investigate the effects of an enterally delivered Artificial Milk formula on clinically relevant immunological and biological characteristics in the gut, compared to naturally reared pups. Hooded Wistar rat pups were randomly allocated to two treatment groups: formula-fed (FF) or naturally suckled (NS). A flexible silastic intra-gastric cannula was surgically implanted into the FF pups, through which an Artificial rat Milk supplement was continuously delivered from day 4 to day 10 of life. Rat pups were sacrificed at 10 days of age. Body weight, small intestinal weight, mucosal CD8^+ cell numbers, and ileal lactase activity in FF animals were significantly decreased compared to their NS counterparts ( P
P Pennisi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lamb meat quality as affected by a natural or Artificial Milk feeding regime
Meat Science, 2006Co-Authors: M Lanza, M Bella, A Priolo, D Barbagallo, V Galofaro, C Landi, P PennisiAbstract:Abstract Fourteen Barbaresca lambs were divided into two groups of seven at 24 h from birth and reared exclusively on natural Milk (NR) or on Artificial Milk (AR). Lambs were slaughtered at 40 days of age. The NR group tended (P
