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Kathie T. Hodge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A monograph of the entomopathogenic genera Hypocrella, Moelleriella, and Samuelsia gen. nov. (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Clavicipitaceae), and their Aschersonia-like anamorphs in the Neotropics
Studies in mycology, 2008Co-Authors: Priscila Chaverri, Miao Liu, Kathie T. HodgeAbstract:The present taxonomic revision deals with Neotropical species of three entomopathogenic genera that were once included in Hypocrella s. l.: Hypocrella s. str. (anamorph Aschersonia), Moelleriella (anamorph Aschersonia-like), and Samuelsia gen. nov (anamorph Aschersonia-like). Species of Hypocrella, Moelleriella, and Samuelsia are pathogens of scale insects (Coccidae and Lecaniidae, Homoptera) and whiteflies (Aleyrodidae, Homoptera) and are common in tropical regions. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from nuclear ribosomal large subunit (28S), translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF 1-α), and RNA polymerase II subunit 1 (RPB1) and analyses of multiple morphological characters demonstrate that the three segregated genera can be distinguished by the disarticulation of the ascospores and shape and size of conidia. Moelleriella has filiform multi-septate ascospores that disarticulate at the septa within the ascus and Aschersonia-like anamorphs with fusoid conidia. Hypocrella s. str. has filiform to long-fusiform ascospores that do not disarticulate and Aschersonia s. str. anamorphs with fusoid conidia. The new genus proposed here, Samuelsia, has filiform to long-fusiform ascospores that do not disarticulate and Aschersonia-like anamorphs with small allantoid conidia. In addition, the present study presents and discusses the evolution of species, morphology, and ecology in Hypocrella, Moelleriella, and Samuelsia based on multigene phylogenetic analyses.
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A taxonomic revision of the insect biocontrol fungus Aschersonia aleyrodis, its allies with white stromata and their Hypocrella sexual states.
Mycological research, 2006Co-Authors: Miao Liu, Priscila Chaverri, Kathie T. HodgeAbstract:A revision of a monophyletic group of Hypocrella species and their Aschersonia anamorphs with white effuse stromata is presented. In addition to taxon descriptions, distributions, and nomenclature, a synoptic key and a molecular phylogenetic analysis are also provided. A new holomorph, Hypocrella rhombispora sp. nov., is described. This study presents a revisionary treatment of Aschersonia aleyrodis (teleomorph: Hypocrella libera) and its allies. These fungi parasitize whiteflies and are promising candidates for whitefly biological control. Four species of Aschersonia and their Hypocrella teleomorphs are treated in detail: Aschersonia aleyrodis/Hypocrella libera; A. andropogonis/H. andropogonis, A. placenta/H. raciborskii, and A. sp./H. rhombispora sp. nov. A synoptic key including these and six other morphologically similar species is presented to facilitate identification in the field and laboratory. Phylogenetic analyses of partial DNA sequences from three genes (LSU, mtSSU, and RPB2) suggest that Aschersonia species with effuse white stromata form a monophyletic group of whitefly pathogens. Phylogenetically informative characters in the group include the colour and shape of the stromata, the arrangement of tubercles containing perithecia, the arrangement of conidial masses on the stromata, and the shape of conidia and part spores.
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Hypocrella zhongdongii sp. nov., the teleomorph of Aschersonia incrassata.
Mycological Research, 2005Co-Authors: Miao Liu, Kathie T. HodgeAbstract:A new Hypocrella species with white pulvinate stromata collected in Puerto Rico and Costa Rica is described as H. zhongdongii sp. nov. Morphological and molecular evidence confirms that the new species of Hypocrella is the teleomorph of Aschersonia incrassata. It most closely resembles H. andropogonis; both A. incrassata and A. andropogonis are common yellow-spored species. The relationships of H. zhongdongii with other species in the genus are elucidated through phylogenetic analyses of three different genetic loci (LSU, RPB2, and mtSSU). Our analysis also sheds light on current subgeneric concepts in Aschersonia, in which the presence or absence of conidiomatal paraphyses is a major character to separate the genus into two subgenera. The present phylogenetic tree suggests that paraphyses have been lost or gained multiple times during evolutionary history, and do not define monophyletic groups.
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What's in a name? Aschersonia insperata: a new pleoanamorphic fungus with characteristics of Aschersonia and Hirsutella.
Mycologia, 2005Co-Authors: Miao Liu, M. C. Rombach, Richard A. Humber, Kathie T. HodgeAbstract:A new anamorphic species from a Philippine tropical forest occurs as reddish-orange to orange, tuberculate stromata on unidentified homopteran larvae, and produces both Aschersonia and Hirsutella-like synanamorphs. A molecular phylogenetic analysis was conducted to determine the most appropriate generic placement for this fungus. Based on its phylogenetic relationships, a comparison of the complexity and persistence of each anamorph, and the speculated relevance of each synanamorph to survival, we describe the new fungus as Aschersonia insperata sp. nov.
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A new species of Hypocrella, H. macrostroma, and its phylogenetic relationships to other species with large stromata.
Mycological Research, 2005Co-Authors: Priscila Chaverri, Miao Liu, Joseph F. Bischoff, Kathie T. HodgeAbstract:Two specimens of a new species of Hypocrella with large stromata were collected in Bolivia and Costa Rica. The morphology of the new species, H. macrostroma sp. nov., was compared with that of other species with large stromata, i.e. H. africana, H. gaertneriana, and H. schizostachyi. In addition, phylogenetic analyses of partial sequences from three genes, large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-alpha), and RNA polymerase II subunit 1 (RPB1), were conducted to determine the relationships of the new species to other species of Hypocrella/Aschersonia. Phylogenetic analyses show that H. macrostroma belongs to a strongly supported clade that includes H. africana, H. schizostachyi, and Aschersonia insperata, whereas other Hypocrella species belong to two sister clades. Hypocrella macrostroma is described and illustrated, and a lectotype is designated for H. gaertneriana.
E T M Meekes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pathogenicity of Aschersonia spp against whiteflies bemisia argentifolii and trialeurodes vaporariorum
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2002Co-Authors: E T M Meekes, J J Fransen, Joop C Van LenterenAbstract:Abstract Entomopathogenic fungi of the genus Aschersonia are specific for whitefly and scale insects. They can be used as biological control agents against silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii and greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum. Forty-four isolates of Aschersonia spp. were tested for their ability to sporulate and germinate on semi-artificial media and to infect insect hosts. Seven isolates sporulated poorly (less than 1×107 conidia/dry weight) and 10 were not able to infect either of the whitefly species. Several isolates were able to produce capilliconidia. Infection level was not correlated with germination on water agar. After a selection based on spore production and infection, virulence of 31 isolates was evaluated on third instar nymphs of both whitefly species on poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima). Whitefly infection levels varied between 2 and 70%, and infection percentages of B. argentifolii correlated with that of T. vaporariorum. However, mortality was higher for T. vaporariorum than for B. argentifolii, as a result of a higher ‘mortality due to unknown causes.’ Several isolates, among which unidentified species of Aschersonia originating from Thailand and Malaysia, A. aleyrodis from Colombia, and A. placenta from India showed high spore production on semi-artificial medium and high infection levels of both whitefly species.
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Entomopathogenic fungi against whiteflies : tritrophic interactions between Aschersonia species, Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Bemisia argentifolii, and glasshouse crops
2001Co-Authors: E T M MeekesAbstract:Many horticultural and agricultural crops are good host plants for the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, and the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii . Their damage to crops is manifold. When present in sufficient numbers they can cause leaf drop and inhibit fruit maturation. They are efficient vectors of economically important plant viruses. In addition, whiteflies produce honeydew, which soils and damages crops, and serves as a substrate for sooty moulds, thus reducing leaf photosynthesis and renders plants and fruits unsightly.As more environmentally responsible agricultural strategies are adopted, natural enemies of both whitefly species, will play an increasing role. Screening for natural enemies which are able to kill both pest insects quickly, without affecting other natural enemies, is an important line of research. Entomopathogenic fungi can meet these requirements and can therefore be a valuable asset to existing biological and chemical control measures. Our attention is directed towards the entomopathogenic fungi of the genus Aschersonia , which are specialised on whitefly and scale insects. Previous research indicated that Aschersonia aleyrodis is a promising whitefly control agent because of its tolerance to relative humidities as low as 50%, its long persistence on leaf surfaces and its compatibility with the parasitoid Encarsia formosa , but little is known about other species within the genus.This project consisted of two components: 1) to identify virulent isolates of Aschersonia spp. for the use against greenhouse and silverleaf whitefly, and 2) to study factors which influence the effectivity of entomopathogenic fungi, with special reference to host plant, humidity and their interaction.Forty-four isolates of Aschersonia spp. were tested for their ability to sporulate on semi-artificial media and to infect the insect hosts, both important criteria for selection of biocontrol agents. Seven isolates sporulated poorly (less than 5.10 7 conidia/culture) and ten were not able to infect either of the whitefly species. After a selection based on spore production and infection, virulence of 31 isolates was evaluated on third instar nymphs of both whitefly species on poinsettia ( Euphorbia pulcherrima ). Infection levels varied between 2 to 70%, and infection percentages of B. argentifolii correlated with that of T. vaporariorum . Several isolates, among which unidentified species of Aschersonia originating from Thailand and Malaysia, A. aleyrodis from Colombia, and A. placenta from India showed consistent results in their ability to infect both whitefly species. Of these isolates LD 50 and LT 50 values were compared to select the most virulent isolate for control of B. argentifolii and T. vaporariorum . Bioassays were carried out on intact poinsettia plants under glasshouse conditions and the dosage ranged from 14 to 1.4 x 10 5 conidia/cm 2 . On B. argentifolii LD 50 's varied between 1600 and 4800 conidia/cm 2 and LT 50 's between 4.6 - 8.7 days and on T. vaporariorum LD 50 's varied between 700 and 5300 conidia/cm 2 and LT 50 's between 4.5 and 9.9 days. For two isolates the optimum mortality did not occur at the highest dosage, which was also reflected in the speed of kill.To obtain better insight into the infection process of A. aleyrodis , A. placenta and an unidentified Aschersonia sp. scanning electron microscopy and bioassays were carried out. Conidia of Aschersonia spp. germinated readily on the cuticula of host insects as well as on water agar. On water agar A. placenta also produced capilliconidia. No germination was observed on poinsettia leaf surface, except on the leaf veins. On B. argentifolii the fungi formed large amounts of mucilage to attach themselves to the insect. Appressoria were formed before penetration, but also direct penetration was observed. This seemed not related to a specific site on the insect. For both whitefly species, first to third instar nymphs were most susceptible. If the population existed of fourth instar nymphs for more than 50%, infection levels dropped from 90 to 50%. Infected whitefly nymphs usually died in the stage following the treated stage. The fungus protruded from the insect via the margins or via the emergence folds of pupae, if humidity levels were high enough.Persistence of A. aleyrodis was studied on cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ), gerbera ( Gerbera jamesonii ) and poinsettia. Germination capacity and infectivity of conidia, which stayed on the different plants over a period of up to one month, were assessed. Average germination of conidia on the leaves was low ( 2 than 'Bourgogne'. A. aleyrodis and V. lecanii were applied for the control of T. vaporariorum , in two concentrations, 10 6 and 10 7 conidia/ml. In 'Bianca', both fungi caused a whitefly mortality up to 80%. Whitefly mortality was higher for 10 7 than for 10 6 conidia/ml. In 'Bourgogne', V. lecanii caused a significantly lower mortality than A. aleyrodis . Although no cultivar differences in whitefly development time were found, other characteristics, like natural mortality and build-up of the whitefly population, seemed to differ. Differences in mortality levels in relation to cultivar (humidity, hit-probability) and whitefly characteristics may explain the differences between the efficacy of the fungal species.The host plant is the most important factor in this tritrophic system, exceeding the influence of ambient humidity. However, although entomopathogenic fungi are less successful in controlling whiteflies on poinsettia, these problems may be circumvented by use of formulation. Aschersonia spp. are highly virulent against whitefly pests, can cause natural epizootics in the field, can be grown on artificial media, are well adapted to survive in the canopy environment, and are compatible to/or even complementary with other natural enemies.
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Persistence of the fungal whitefly pathogen, Aschersonia aleyrodis, on three different plant species
Mycological Research, 2000Co-Authors: E T M Meekes, Sandor Van Voorst, Nina N. Joosten, Joanne J. Fransen, Joop C Van LenterenAbstract:Persistence of Aschersonia aleyrodis, a fungal pathogen of whitefly, was studied on cucumber, gerbera and poinsettia. Germination capacity and infectivity of conidia, which stayed on the plants for up to 1 month, were assessed. Average germination of conidia on the leaves was low (
Suchada Mongkolsamrit - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Five New Species of Moelleriella With Aschersonia-like Anamorphs Infecting Scale Insects (Coccidae) in Thailand
2021Co-Authors: Artit Khonsanit, Suchada Mongkolsamrit, Wasana Noisripoom, Natnapha Phosrithong, Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ardAbstract:Abstract The genus Moelleriella and its Aschersonia-like anamorph mostly occur on scale insects and whiteflies. It is characterized by producing brightly colored stromata, obpyriform to subglobose perithecia, cylindrical asci, disarticulating ascospores inside the ascus and fusiform conidia, predominantly found in tropical and occasionally subtropical regions. From our surveys and collections of entomopathogenic fungi, scale insects and whiteflies pathogens were found. Investigations of morphological characters and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses based on partial sequences of LSU, TEF and RPB1 were made. Five new species of Moelleriella and their Aschersonia-like anamorphs are described here, including M. chiangmaiensis, M. flava, M. kanchanaburiensis, M. nanensis and M. nivea. They were found on scale insects, mostly with flat to thin, umbonate, whitish stromata. Their anamorphic and telemorphic states were mostly found on the same stroma, possessing obpyriform perithecia, cylindrical asci with disarticulating ascospores. Their conidiomata are widely open with several locules per stroma, containing cylindrical phialides and fusiform conidia. However, some specimens of M. chiangmaiensis produce hat-shaped stromata apart from the commonly found umbonate stromata, while M. flava had yellow stromata with one conidioma per stroma, and M. kanchanaburiensis was found only in its anamorphic state. Furthermore, the perithecia of M. nanensis were completely embedded in stromata as opposed to other species with semi-immersed perithecia. We also found a teleomorph link to M. sinensis, an anamorphic species reported from southeastern China.
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Helicocollum , a new clavicipitalean genus pathogenic to scale insects (Hemiptera) in Thailand
Mycological Progress, 2017Co-Authors: Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Suchada Mongkolsamrit, Wasana Noisripoom, Donnaya Thanakitpipattana, Artit Khonsanit, Tuksadon WutikhunAbstract:A new genus pathogenic to scale insects (Coccidae, Hemiptera), Helicocollum, is described from Thailand. It includes the three species, H. chanthaburiensis, H. krabiensis and H. surathaniensis. Phylogenetic inferences on the basis of partial sequences of the large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal DNA, translation elongation factor 1-α and RNA polymerase II subunit 1 place the new genus in the Clavicipitaceae, although morphological features of the phialides resemble Hirsutella in the Ophiocordycipitaceae. Within the Clavicipitaceae, Helicocollum is closely related to Aschersonia, Moelleriella, Regiocrella, and Samuelsia, all known as pathogens of scale insects. Helicocollum differs from other scale insect pathogens in having phialides with helical necks and synnematous or sporodochial conidiomata, but pycnidia. Morphological characteristics are evaluated and compared with other asexual morphs producing twisted, undulated phialidic necks or occurring on scale insects.
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Two new entomogenous species of Moelleriella with perithecia in tubercles from Thailand
Mycoscience, 2015Co-Authors: Suchada Mongkolsamrit, Wasana Noisripoom, Artit Khonsanit, Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ardAbstract:Two new species of Moelleriella were discovered during diversity surveys of entomopathogenic fungi in the south of Thailand and are described as M. alba and M. chumphonensis based on morphological characters and molecular study. They have effuse white to orange stromata. Their teleomorphs are unique in producing a single perithecium inside a tubercle resembling Moelleriella raciborskii, a common species in Thailand. A combined matrix of nuclear large subunit rRNA gene (LSU) and RNA polymerase II subunit one (RPB1) gene shows that both species cluster in a distinct lineage as sister to M. raciborskii/“Aschersonia” placenta.
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hopane triterpenes from the scale insect pathogenic fungus Aschersonia calendulina bcc 23276
Phytochemistry Letters, 2012Co-Authors: Masahiko Isaka, Panida Chinthanom, Sumalee Supothina, Suchada MongkolsamritAbstract:Abstract Two new hopane-type triterpenenes, 6α,15α,22-trihydroxyhopane ( 4 ) and 3β-acetoxy-6α,22-dihydroxyhopane ( 5 ), together with the known 6α,22-dihydroxyhopane ( 1 , zeorin), 15α,22-dihydroxyhopane ( 2 , dustanin), and 3β-acetoxy-15α,22-dihydroxyhopane ( 3 ) were isolated from the scale insect pathogenic fungus Aschersonia calendulina BCC 23276. The structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometry data.
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A combined ITS rDNA and β-tubulin phylogeny of Thai species of Hypocrella with non-fragmenting ascospores
Fungal Biology, 2009Co-Authors: Suchada Mongkolsamrit, J. Jennifer Luangsa-ard, Joseph W. Spatafora, Gi-ho Sung, Nigel L. Hywel-jonesAbstract:A combined ITS and β-tubulin gene phylogeny has revealed new species of Hypocrella and Aschersonia related to the type species Hypocrella discoidea from natural forest in Thailand. As a result, Hypocrella calendulina and Hypocrella luteola are named as new species with Aschersonia sensu stricto anamorphs for specimens previously identified as Hypocrella discoidea sensu Petch. Hypocrella siamensis and Aschersonia minutispora are described as new species, both exhibiting brown stromata, with the former producing whole ascospores.
Joop C Van Lenteren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pathogenicity of Aschersonia spp against whiteflies bemisia argentifolii and trialeurodes vaporariorum
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2002Co-Authors: E T M Meekes, J J Fransen, Joop C Van LenterenAbstract:Abstract Entomopathogenic fungi of the genus Aschersonia are specific for whitefly and scale insects. They can be used as biological control agents against silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii and greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum. Forty-four isolates of Aschersonia spp. were tested for their ability to sporulate and germinate on semi-artificial media and to infect insect hosts. Seven isolates sporulated poorly (less than 1×107 conidia/dry weight) and 10 were not able to infect either of the whitefly species. Several isolates were able to produce capilliconidia. Infection level was not correlated with germination on water agar. After a selection based on spore production and infection, virulence of 31 isolates was evaluated on third instar nymphs of both whitefly species on poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima). Whitefly infection levels varied between 2 and 70%, and infection percentages of B. argentifolii correlated with that of T. vaporariorum. However, mortality was higher for T. vaporariorum than for B. argentifolii, as a result of a higher ‘mortality due to unknown causes.’ Several isolates, among which unidentified species of Aschersonia originating from Thailand and Malaysia, A. aleyrodis from Colombia, and A. placenta from India showed high spore production on semi-artificial medium and high infection levels of both whitefly species.
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Persistence of the fungal whitefly pathogen, Aschersonia aleyrodis, on three different plant species
Mycological Research, 2000Co-Authors: E T M Meekes, Sandor Van Voorst, Nina N. Joosten, Joanne J. Fransen, Joop C Van LenterenAbstract:Persistence of Aschersonia aleyrodis, a fungal pathogen of whitefly, was studied on cucumber, gerbera and poinsettia. Germination capacity and infectivity of conidia, which stayed on the plants for up to 1 month, were assessed. Average germination of conidia on the leaves was low (
Miao Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A monograph of the entomopathogenic genera Hypocrella, Moelleriella, and Samuelsia gen. nov. (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Clavicipitaceae), and their Aschersonia-like anamorphs in the Neotropics
Studies in mycology, 2008Co-Authors: Priscila Chaverri, Miao Liu, Kathie T. HodgeAbstract:The present taxonomic revision deals with Neotropical species of three entomopathogenic genera that were once included in Hypocrella s. l.: Hypocrella s. str. (anamorph Aschersonia), Moelleriella (anamorph Aschersonia-like), and Samuelsia gen. nov (anamorph Aschersonia-like). Species of Hypocrella, Moelleriella, and Samuelsia are pathogens of scale insects (Coccidae and Lecaniidae, Homoptera) and whiteflies (Aleyrodidae, Homoptera) and are common in tropical regions. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from nuclear ribosomal large subunit (28S), translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF 1-α), and RNA polymerase II subunit 1 (RPB1) and analyses of multiple morphological characters demonstrate that the three segregated genera can be distinguished by the disarticulation of the ascospores and shape and size of conidia. Moelleriella has filiform multi-septate ascospores that disarticulate at the septa within the ascus and Aschersonia-like anamorphs with fusoid conidia. Hypocrella s. str. has filiform to long-fusiform ascospores that do not disarticulate and Aschersonia s. str. anamorphs with fusoid conidia. The new genus proposed here, Samuelsia, has filiform to long-fusiform ascospores that do not disarticulate and Aschersonia-like anamorphs with small allantoid conidia. In addition, the present study presents and discusses the evolution of species, morphology, and ecology in Hypocrella, Moelleriella, and Samuelsia based on multigene phylogenetic analyses.
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A taxonomic revision of the insect biocontrol fungus Aschersonia aleyrodis, its allies with white stromata and their Hypocrella sexual states.
Mycological research, 2006Co-Authors: Miao Liu, Priscila Chaverri, Kathie T. HodgeAbstract:A revision of a monophyletic group of Hypocrella species and their Aschersonia anamorphs with white effuse stromata is presented. In addition to taxon descriptions, distributions, and nomenclature, a synoptic key and a molecular phylogenetic analysis are also provided. A new holomorph, Hypocrella rhombispora sp. nov., is described. This study presents a revisionary treatment of Aschersonia aleyrodis (teleomorph: Hypocrella libera) and its allies. These fungi parasitize whiteflies and are promising candidates for whitefly biological control. Four species of Aschersonia and their Hypocrella teleomorphs are treated in detail: Aschersonia aleyrodis/Hypocrella libera; A. andropogonis/H. andropogonis, A. placenta/H. raciborskii, and A. sp./H. rhombispora sp. nov. A synoptic key including these and six other morphologically similar species is presented to facilitate identification in the field and laboratory. Phylogenetic analyses of partial DNA sequences from three genes (LSU, mtSSU, and RPB2) suggest that Aschersonia species with effuse white stromata form a monophyletic group of whitefly pathogens. Phylogenetically informative characters in the group include the colour and shape of the stromata, the arrangement of tubercles containing perithecia, the arrangement of conidial masses on the stromata, and the shape of conidia and part spores.
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Hypocrella zhongdongii sp. nov., the teleomorph of Aschersonia incrassata.
Mycological Research, 2005Co-Authors: Miao Liu, Kathie T. HodgeAbstract:A new Hypocrella species with white pulvinate stromata collected in Puerto Rico and Costa Rica is described as H. zhongdongii sp. nov. Morphological and molecular evidence confirms that the new species of Hypocrella is the teleomorph of Aschersonia incrassata. It most closely resembles H. andropogonis; both A. incrassata and A. andropogonis are common yellow-spored species. The relationships of H. zhongdongii with other species in the genus are elucidated through phylogenetic analyses of three different genetic loci (LSU, RPB2, and mtSSU). Our analysis also sheds light on current subgeneric concepts in Aschersonia, in which the presence or absence of conidiomatal paraphyses is a major character to separate the genus into two subgenera. The present phylogenetic tree suggests that paraphyses have been lost or gained multiple times during evolutionary history, and do not define monophyletic groups.
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What's in a name? Aschersonia insperata: a new pleoanamorphic fungus with characteristics of Aschersonia and Hirsutella.
Mycologia, 2005Co-Authors: Miao Liu, M. C. Rombach, Richard A. Humber, Kathie T. HodgeAbstract:A new anamorphic species from a Philippine tropical forest occurs as reddish-orange to orange, tuberculate stromata on unidentified homopteran larvae, and produces both Aschersonia and Hirsutella-like synanamorphs. A molecular phylogenetic analysis was conducted to determine the most appropriate generic placement for this fungus. Based on its phylogenetic relationships, a comparison of the complexity and persistence of each anamorph, and the speculated relevance of each synanamorph to survival, we describe the new fungus as Aschersonia insperata sp. nov.
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A new species of Hypocrella, H. macrostroma, and its phylogenetic relationships to other species with large stromata.
Mycological Research, 2005Co-Authors: Priscila Chaverri, Miao Liu, Joseph F. Bischoff, Kathie T. HodgeAbstract:Two specimens of a new species of Hypocrella with large stromata were collected in Bolivia and Costa Rica. The morphology of the new species, H. macrostroma sp. nov., was compared with that of other species with large stromata, i.e. H. africana, H. gaertneriana, and H. schizostachyi. In addition, phylogenetic analyses of partial sequences from three genes, large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-alpha), and RNA polymerase II subunit 1 (RPB1), were conducted to determine the relationships of the new species to other species of Hypocrella/Aschersonia. Phylogenetic analyses show that H. macrostroma belongs to a strongly supported clade that includes H. africana, H. schizostachyi, and Aschersonia insperata, whereas other Hypocrella species belong to two sister clades. Hypocrella macrostroma is described and illustrated, and a lectotype is designated for H. gaertneriana.
