The Experts below are selected from a list of 294 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Chengbin Zheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Progress and Application of Liquid Electrode Glow Discharge for Atomic Spectrometry
Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2020Co-Authors: An-qin Leng, Yao Lin, Li Yong, Chengbin ZhengAbstract:Abstract Liquid electrode glow discharge has been developed and widely used in analytical chemistry due to its advantages such as small-size, low power-consumption, easy operation, high electron density and simple experimental setup. This review focused on the recent progress on the application of various liquid electrode glow discharge microplasma in Atomic Spectrometry over the past five years, including liquid cathode glow discharge, liquid anode glow discharge, and alternating current driven liquid electrode glow discharge. Particularly, their applications as excitation sources for optical emission spectrometer and chemical vapor generation, as well as their hyphenation with other techniques of chemical vapor generation were emphatically described. The development trend of liquid electrode glow discharge was also prospected.
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recent advance of hydride generation analytical Atomic Spectrometry part ii analysis of real samples
Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 2012Co-Authors: Zhou Long, Xiandeng Hou, Chen Chen, Chengbin ZhengAbstract:Abstract: As an extended discussion of Part I, this review provides a survey of the literature about the elemental and speciation analysis of hydride-forming and non-hydride-forming elements in real samples by using hydride generation–analytical Atomic Spectrometry based on the recently developed technique summarized in Part I, with emphasis on the sample pretreatment methods and interference elimination.
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Recent Advance of Hydride Generation–Analytical Atomic Spectrometry: Part I—Technique Development
Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 2012Co-Authors: Zhou Long, Yamin Luo, Chengbin Zheng, Pengchi Deng, Xiandeng HouAbstract:Abstract Hydride generation is the most popular and widely used chemical vapor generation technique and is interesting to analytical chemists as an effective sample introduction method, especially for elemental determination and speciation analysis by analytical Atomic Spectrometry. The present review provides a literature survey on the hydride generation technique coupled to analytical Atomic Spectrometry during the past several years, covering the literature on both tetrahydroborate-based hydride generation and non-tetrahydroborate-based hydride generation techniques. Development of other related methods coupled to hydride generation for better analytical performance of analytical Atomic Spectrometry is included as well.
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recent advance of hydride generation analytical Atomic Spectrometry part i technique development
Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 2012Co-Authors: Zhou Long, Yamin Luo, Chengbin Zheng, Pengchi Deng, Xiandeng HouAbstract:Abstract Hydride generation is the most popular and widely used chemical vapor generation technique and is interesting to analytical chemists as an effective sample introduction method, especially for elemental determination and speciation analysis by analytical Atomic Spectrometry. The present review provides a literature survey on the hydride generation technique coupled to analytical Atomic Spectrometry during the past several years, covering the literature on both tetrahydroborate-based hydride generation and non-tetrahydroborate-based hydride generation techniques. Development of other related methods coupled to hydride generation for better analytical performance of analytical Atomic Spectrometry is included as well.
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Nanomaterials in analytical Atomic Spectrometry
TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Xiaoming Jiang, Xiandeng Hou, Ke Huang, Dongyan Deng, Hui Xia, Chengbin ZhengAbstract:Abstract Nanomaterials have attracted considerable interest in analytical chemistry (e.g., sample pre-concentration, molecular probes, and biological and electrochemical sensing). However, their physico-chemical and surface properties are significantly affected by their size and morphology, and impurities. This article reviews the general applications of nanomaterials in analytical Atomic Spectrometry, including their use to improve the sensitivity and the selectivity of Atomic spectrometric methods, to broaden the application range to biological-molecule detection, and to characterize and to determine nanomaterials themselves and their impurities.
Chris F. Harrington - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Atomic Spectrometry update review of advances in elemental speciation
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2015Co-Authors: Robert Clough, Chris F. Harrington, Yolanda Madrid, Steve J. Hill, Julian F. TysonAbstract:This is the eighth Atomic Spectrometry Update (ASU) to focus on advances in elemental speciation and covers a period of approximately 12 months from December 2014. This ASU review deals with all aspects of the analytical Atomic Spectrometry speciation methods developed for: the determination of oxidation states; organometallic compounds; coordination compounds; metal and heteroatom-containing biomolecules, including metalloproteins, proteins, peptides and amino acids; and the use of metal-tagging to facilitate detection via Atomic Spectrometry. The review does not cover fractionation, which is sometimes termed operationally defined speciation. As with all ASU reviews the focus of the research reviewed includes those methods that incorporate Atomic Spectrometry as the measurement technique. However, because speciation analysis is inherently focused on the relationship between the metal(loid) atom and the organic moiety it is bound to, or incorporated within, Atomic Spectrometry alone cannot be the sole analytical approach of interest. For this reason molecular detection techniques are also included where they have provided a complementary approach to speciation analysis. As in previous years, As and Se speciation continues to dominate the current literature and there has also been an increase in the number of publications concerning solid state speciation. This is presumably due to the increase in the number of synchrotron facilities available and a greater awareness of their potential for speciation studies.
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Atomic Spectrometry updates. Review of advances in elemental speciation
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2014Co-Authors: Robert Clough, Chris F. Harrington, Yolanda Madrid, Steve J. Hill, Julian F. TysonAbstract:This is the sixth Atomic Spectrometry Update (ASU) to focus specifically on advances in elemental speciation and covers a period of approximately 12 months from December 2012. This review deals with all aspects of the analytical speciation methods developed for: the determination of oxidation states; organometallic compounds; coordination compounds; metal and heteroatom- containing biomolecules, including metalloproteins, proteins, peptides and amino acids; and the use of metal-tagging to facilitate detection via Atomic Spectrometry. The review does not specifically deal with fractionation, sometimes termed operationally defined speciation. As with all ASU reviews 1-5 the coverage of the topic is confined to those methods that incorporate Atomic Spectrometry as the measurement technique. However, molecular MS techniques are covered where the use is in parallel or series with Atomic Spectrometry. As with previous years As and Se speciation continues to dominate current literature. However, research is moving further towards understanding the toxicological and beneficial mechanisms of these two elements. There is also in increase in macromolecular analysis, with a decrease in detection limits for some methodologies, which increases the potential clinical use of the techniques employed. The use of both Atomic and molecular Spectrometry is well developed in these fields, highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of today's research environment. The trend towards lower cost more rapid analytical methods, often involving non-chromatographic speciation, also continues apace. This journal is © 2014 the Partner Organisations
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Atomic Spectrometry update elemental speciation review
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2013Co-Authors: Robert Clough, Chris F. Harrington, Yolanda Madrid, Steve J. Hill, Julian F. TysonAbstract:This is the fifth Atomic Spectrometry Update (ASU) to focus specifically on developments in elemental speciation and covers a period of approximately 12 months from January 2012. The International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) have evaluated speciation and provided a definition as follows: “speciation analysis is the analytical activity of identifying and/or measuring the quantities of one or more individual chemical species in a sample; the chemical species are specific forms of an element defined as to isotopic composition, electronic or oxidation state, and/or complex or molecular structure; the speciation of an element is the distribution of an element amongst defined chemical species in a system”. This review therefore deals with all aspects of the analytical speciation methods developed for: the determination of oxidation states; organometallic compounds; coordination compounds; metal and heteroatom-containing biomolecules, including metalloproteins, proteins, peptides and amino acids; and the use of metal-tagging to facilitate detection via Atomic Spectrometry. As with all ASU reviews1–5 the coverage of the topic is confined to those methods that incorporate Atomic Spectrometry as the measurement technique. However, in the spirit of meeting the needs of the subject, material is incorporated that is not strictly “Atomic Spectrometry”. For the most part, such procedures are those in which some form of molecular MS is used for speciation measurements, often in parallel with an elemental detector. As the content of this Update shows, the field is now maturing as evidenced by the extent to which the speciation of particular elements or technique combinations have been the subject of review articles. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult to ascertain the analytical details of the methodologies applied in speciation analysis, particularly where the paper is published in an ‘application’ based journal.
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Atomic Spectrometry Updates: A 25-year retrospective
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2010Co-Authors: Owen Butler, Chris F. Harrington, Steve J. Hill, Hywel Evans, Andrew Fisher, Andrew M. Taylor, Margaret West, Andrew T. EllisAbstract:Members of the Atomic Spectrometry Updates Editorial Board take a look back over 25 years at how the subject of Atomic Spectrometry has changed, and how the review articles have developed to reflect this.
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Atomic Spectrometry update elemental speciation
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2009Co-Authors: Chris F. Harrington, Robert Clough, Steve J. Hill, Helle Rusz Hansen, Spiros A Pergantis, Julian F. TysonAbstract:This is the fourth Atomic Spectrometry Update (ASU) to focus specifically on developments in elemental speciation and covers a period of approximately 12 months from January 2011. The International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has evaluated speciation and provided a definition as follows: “speciation analysis is the analytical activity of identifying and/or measuring the quantities of one or more individual chemical species in a sample; the chemical species are specific forms of an element defined as to isotopic composition, electronic or oxidation state, and/or complex or molecular structure; the speciation of an element is the distribution of an element amongst defined chemical species in a system.” This review therefore deals with all aspects of the analytical speciation methods developed for: the determination of oxidation states; organometallic compounds; coordination compounds; metal and heteroatom-containing biomolecules, including metalloproteins, proteins, peptides and amino acids; and the use of metal-tagging to facilitate detection via Atomic Spectrometry. The review does not cover operationally defined ‘speciation’, which is correctly termed fractionation. As with all ASU reviews1–6 the coverage of the topic is confined to those methods that incorporate Atomic Spectrometry as the measurement technique. However, in the spirit of meeting the needs of the subject, material is incorporated that is not strictly “Atomic Spectrometry” but the separation or sample introduction technique used could also be coupled with an Atomic Spectrometry detector. For the most part, such procedures are those in which some form of molecular MS is used for speciation measurements. As the content of this Update shows, the field is now maturing as evidenced by the extent to which the speciation of particular elements or technique combinations have been the subject of review articles. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult to ascertain the analytical details of the methodologies applied in speciation analysis, particularly where the paper is published in an ‘application’ based journal.
Xiandeng Hou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Atomic Spectrometry and Atomic mass Spectrometry in bioanalytical chemistry
Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 2019Co-Authors: Peng Yang, Xiandeng HouAbstract:Atomic Spectrometry and Atomic mass spectrometric (MS) techniques have been playing crucial roles in the field of biosciences. They detect elements with relatively high sensitivities and are thus a...
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Nanomaterials for photochemical vapor generation-analytical Atomic Spectrometry
TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Zhirong Zou, Xiandeng Hou, Xiaoming JiangAbstract:Abstract Chemical vapor generation (CVG) is widely used in analytical Atomic Spectrometry, with advantages of high efficiency of sample introduction (vapor generation and transportation) and matrix separation. Photochemical vapor generation (Photo-CVG) is a new subset of CVG and it has been demonstrated a powerful alternative to conventional CVG techniques due to its inherent advantages. For a long time, most research works have been devoted to improving vapor generation efficiency and expanding the vaporable element scope of Photo-CVG. Nowadays, with the help of nanomaterials and enhancement reagents, Photo-CVG covers a wide range of detectable elements and the vapor generation efficiency of some elements has been improved significantly. In this review, we summarizes the developments and applications of nanomaterials/enhancement reagents assisted Photo-CVG for analytical Atomic Spectrometry, including TiO2 and TiO2-based composites, MOFs and some metal ions utilized as photocatalysts, photo-oxidation/reduction and enhancement reagents; as well as nanomaterials for preconcentration/separation in Photo-CVG systems.
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recent advance of hydride generation analytical Atomic Spectrometry part ii analysis of real samples
Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 2012Co-Authors: Zhou Long, Xiandeng Hou, Chen Chen, Chengbin ZhengAbstract:Abstract: As an extended discussion of Part I, this review provides a survey of the literature about the elemental and speciation analysis of hydride-forming and non-hydride-forming elements in real samples by using hydride generation–analytical Atomic Spectrometry based on the recently developed technique summarized in Part I, with emphasis on the sample pretreatment methods and interference elimination.
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Recent Advance of Hydride Generation–Analytical Atomic Spectrometry: Part I—Technique Development
Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 2012Co-Authors: Zhou Long, Yamin Luo, Chengbin Zheng, Pengchi Deng, Xiandeng HouAbstract:Abstract Hydride generation is the most popular and widely used chemical vapor generation technique and is interesting to analytical chemists as an effective sample introduction method, especially for elemental determination and speciation analysis by analytical Atomic Spectrometry. The present review provides a literature survey on the hydride generation technique coupled to analytical Atomic Spectrometry during the past several years, covering the literature on both tetrahydroborate-based hydride generation and non-tetrahydroborate-based hydride generation techniques. Development of other related methods coupled to hydride generation for better analytical performance of analytical Atomic Spectrometry is included as well.
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recent advance of hydride generation analytical Atomic Spectrometry part i technique development
Applied Spectroscopy Reviews, 2012Co-Authors: Zhou Long, Yamin Luo, Chengbin Zheng, Pengchi Deng, Xiandeng HouAbstract:Abstract Hydride generation is the most popular and widely used chemical vapor generation technique and is interesting to analytical chemists as an effective sample introduction method, especially for elemental determination and speciation analysis by analytical Atomic Spectrometry. The present review provides a literature survey on the hydride generation technique coupled to analytical Atomic Spectrometry during the past several years, covering the literature on both tetrahydroborate-based hydride generation and non-tetrahydroborate-based hydride generation techniques. Development of other related methods coupled to hydride generation for better analytical performance of analytical Atomic Spectrometry is included as well.
Julian F. Tyson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Atomic Spectrometry update review of advances in elemental speciation
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2015Co-Authors: Robert Clough, Chris F. Harrington, Yolanda Madrid, Steve J. Hill, Julian F. TysonAbstract:This is the eighth Atomic Spectrometry Update (ASU) to focus on advances in elemental speciation and covers a period of approximately 12 months from December 2014. This ASU review deals with all aspects of the analytical Atomic Spectrometry speciation methods developed for: the determination of oxidation states; organometallic compounds; coordination compounds; metal and heteroatom-containing biomolecules, including metalloproteins, proteins, peptides and amino acids; and the use of metal-tagging to facilitate detection via Atomic Spectrometry. The review does not cover fractionation, which is sometimes termed operationally defined speciation. As with all ASU reviews the focus of the research reviewed includes those methods that incorporate Atomic Spectrometry as the measurement technique. However, because speciation analysis is inherently focused on the relationship between the metal(loid) atom and the organic moiety it is bound to, or incorporated within, Atomic Spectrometry alone cannot be the sole analytical approach of interest. For this reason molecular detection techniques are also included where they have provided a complementary approach to speciation analysis. As in previous years, As and Se speciation continues to dominate the current literature and there has also been an increase in the number of publications concerning solid state speciation. This is presumably due to the increase in the number of synchrotron facilities available and a greater awareness of their potential for speciation studies.
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Atomic Spectrometry updates. Review of advances in elemental speciation
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2014Co-Authors: Robert Clough, Chris F. Harrington, Yolanda Madrid, Steve J. Hill, Julian F. TysonAbstract:This is the sixth Atomic Spectrometry Update (ASU) to focus specifically on advances in elemental speciation and covers a period of approximately 12 months from December 2012. This review deals with all aspects of the analytical speciation methods developed for: the determination of oxidation states; organometallic compounds; coordination compounds; metal and heteroatom- containing biomolecules, including metalloproteins, proteins, peptides and amino acids; and the use of metal-tagging to facilitate detection via Atomic Spectrometry. The review does not specifically deal with fractionation, sometimes termed operationally defined speciation. As with all ASU reviews 1-5 the coverage of the topic is confined to those methods that incorporate Atomic Spectrometry as the measurement technique. However, molecular MS techniques are covered where the use is in parallel or series with Atomic Spectrometry. As with previous years As and Se speciation continues to dominate current literature. However, research is moving further towards understanding the toxicological and beneficial mechanisms of these two elements. There is also in increase in macromolecular analysis, with a decrease in detection limits for some methodologies, which increases the potential clinical use of the techniques employed. The use of both Atomic and molecular Spectrometry is well developed in these fields, highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of today's research environment. The trend towards lower cost more rapid analytical methods, often involving non-chromatographic speciation, also continues apace. This journal is © 2014 the Partner Organisations
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Atomic Spectrometry update elemental speciation review
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2013Co-Authors: Robert Clough, Chris F. Harrington, Yolanda Madrid, Steve J. Hill, Julian F. TysonAbstract:This is the fifth Atomic Spectrometry Update (ASU) to focus specifically on developments in elemental speciation and covers a period of approximately 12 months from January 2012. The International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) have evaluated speciation and provided a definition as follows: “speciation analysis is the analytical activity of identifying and/or measuring the quantities of one or more individual chemical species in a sample; the chemical species are specific forms of an element defined as to isotopic composition, electronic or oxidation state, and/or complex or molecular structure; the speciation of an element is the distribution of an element amongst defined chemical species in a system”. This review therefore deals with all aspects of the analytical speciation methods developed for: the determination of oxidation states; organometallic compounds; coordination compounds; metal and heteroatom-containing biomolecules, including metalloproteins, proteins, peptides and amino acids; and the use of metal-tagging to facilitate detection via Atomic Spectrometry. As with all ASU reviews1–5 the coverage of the topic is confined to those methods that incorporate Atomic Spectrometry as the measurement technique. However, in the spirit of meeting the needs of the subject, material is incorporated that is not strictly “Atomic Spectrometry”. For the most part, such procedures are those in which some form of molecular MS is used for speciation measurements, often in parallel with an elemental detector. As the content of this Update shows, the field is now maturing as evidenced by the extent to which the speciation of particular elements or technique combinations have been the subject of review articles. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult to ascertain the analytical details of the methodologies applied in speciation analysis, particularly where the paper is published in an ‘application’ based journal.
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Atomic Spectrometry update elemental speciation
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2009Co-Authors: Chris F. Harrington, Robert Clough, Steve J. Hill, Helle Rusz Hansen, Spiros A Pergantis, Julian F. TysonAbstract:This is the fourth Atomic Spectrometry Update (ASU) to focus specifically on developments in elemental speciation and covers a period of approximately 12 months from January 2011. The International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has evaluated speciation and provided a definition as follows: “speciation analysis is the analytical activity of identifying and/or measuring the quantities of one or more individual chemical species in a sample; the chemical species are specific forms of an element defined as to isotopic composition, electronic or oxidation state, and/or complex or molecular structure; the speciation of an element is the distribution of an element amongst defined chemical species in a system.” This review therefore deals with all aspects of the analytical speciation methods developed for: the determination of oxidation states; organometallic compounds; coordination compounds; metal and heteroatom-containing biomolecules, including metalloproteins, proteins, peptides and amino acids; and the use of metal-tagging to facilitate detection via Atomic Spectrometry. The review does not cover operationally defined ‘speciation’, which is correctly termed fractionation. As with all ASU reviews1–6 the coverage of the topic is confined to those methods that incorporate Atomic Spectrometry as the measurement technique. However, in the spirit of meeting the needs of the subject, material is incorporated that is not strictly “Atomic Spectrometry” but the separation or sample introduction technique used could also be coupled with an Atomic Spectrometry detector. For the most part, such procedures are those in which some form of molecular MS is used for speciation measurements. As the content of this Update shows, the field is now maturing as evidenced by the extent to which the speciation of particular elements or technique combinations have been the subject of review articles. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult to ascertain the analytical details of the methodologies applied in speciation analysis, particularly where the paper is published in an ‘application’ based journal.
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Flow-injection Atomic Spectrometry: A new analytical technique
Analytica Chimica Acta, 1992Co-Authors: Julian F. Tyson, S. R. Bysouth, E.a. Grzesczyk, Ebenezer DebrahAbstract:Abstract Much of the recent research in analytical Atomic Spectrometry has been concerned with problems of a practical nature. In particular, the inaccuracies arising from a variety of matrix effects and the limitations of sample introduction systems have provided a considerable driving force for recent developments in the various techniques. The philosophy of attempting to eliminate, or compensate for, interferences by procedures implemented at the atomization stage has had success for electrothermal atomization Atomic absorption Spectrometry but has proved of limited utility for other techniques. Despite considerable efforts, solid-sample introduction is still best done by procedures whose intitial stage is dissolution. There is a steady growth in the flow-injection Atomic spectrometric literature and a survey of the ca. 50 publications in 1990 shows that much of the interest is now centered on coupling preconcentration and matrix removal procedures with Atomic Spectrometry, although there is still work concerned with the basic characteristics of flow injection introduction, such as the reduction in sample loading, on-line dilution for calibration purposes and the ability to handle small sample volumes, being published. The role of the flow-injection valve as an interface between flow systems is highlighted. This interface allows independent optimization of the various flow systems coupled in this fashion. Several possible applications of recirculating closed-loop manifolds are described. These include the serial dilution of a stock standard for calibration purposes and to establish a working detection limit. This is illustrated by the dilution of a 2.45 mg l −1 solution of magnesium by a factor of 2.20 per injection. This procedure established a detection limit for the instrument involved of between 4.2 and 5.2 ng ml −1 . The on-line acid leaching of calcium from charcoal is shown to be sufficiently precise for the basis of a rapid screening procedure and the determination of copper in matrices containing up to 50 g l −1 silver is made possible by the on-line precipitation of the matrix as the chloride in a circulating loop containing a filter column of nylon fibres. The additional possibilities afforded by these designs of manifold and the great variety of manifolds described in the literature suggest that flow-injection Atomic Spectrometry may be emerging as an analytical methodology analogous to the variety of procedures encompassed by terms such as liquid chromatography in the vocabulary of the analytical methodology for molecular species.
Jennifer M. Cook - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Current trends: a perspective from 30 years of Atomic Spectrometry Updates
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2016Co-Authors: Owen Butler, Robert Clough, E. Hywel Evans, Andrew Fisher, Andrew M. Taylor, Jennifer M. Cook, Steve J. Hill, Margaret WestAbstract:An overview of the topics covered by, and the importance of, Atomic Spectrometry Updates.
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2013 Atomic Spectrometry update a review of advances in environmental analysis
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2014Co-Authors: Owen Butler, Warren R. L. Cairns, Jennifer M. Cook, Christine M. DavidsonAbstract:This is the 31st annual review of the application of Atomic Spectrometry to the chemical analysis of environmental samples. This update refers to papers published approximately between August 2014 and July 2015 and continues the series of Atomic Spectrometry Updates (ASUs) in Environmental Analysis that should be read in conjunction with other related ASUs in the series, namely: clinical and biological materials, foods and beverages; advances in Atomic Spectrometry and related techniques; elemental speciation; X-ray Spectrometry; and metals, chemicals and functional materials. In the field of air analysis, highlights within this review period included: the development of a new laser fluorescence instrument for the ultratrace determination of mercury vapour; single particle ICP-MS studies and the coupling of elemental analysers to mass spectrometers for the improved characterisation of carbonaceous aerosols. In the arena of water analysis, methods continue to be developed: for the extraction and preconcentration of elements, As, Cr, Hg and Sb species and determination of elemental constituents in colloidal and NP fractions. Emerging elements of interest include Gd derived from MRI agents discharged at low level from medical facilities in water courses. Instrumental developments reported included the use of MC-ICP-MS for isotopic tracer studies and a review of TXRF techniques and associated preconcentration procedures for trace element analysis. In the period covered by this update several articles have explored the analysis of soil extracts for geochemical prospecting. There has been widening interest in the use of CS-AAS and in the application of techniques capable of direct sample analysis such as slurry sampling ETAAS and ETV-ICP-AES. Portable XRF instrumentation is now being used in many disciplines to quantify trace elements in soils – bringing a need for better transfer of analytical knowledge to non-specialist users – and the growing use of portable XRF in proximal sensing is also noteworthy. Recent research indicates that geological applications still drive many of the instrumental and methodological advances in LA-ICP-MS. Fundamental studies continued to shed light on the processes involved and hence ways of improving the analysis of laser-produced aerosols and to minimise matrix and fractionation effects. A new technique LA-DOF-MS (distance of flight) was described. The utility of LIBS and portable XRF for in situ survey work continues to show promise but issues such as appropriate calibration regimes and data processing protocols will still need to be addressed.
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2013 Atomic Spectrometry update—A review of advances in environmental analysis
J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2014Co-Authors: Owen Butler, Warren R. L. Cairns, Jennifer M. Cook, Christine M. DavidsonAbstract:This is the 31st annual review of the application of Atomic Spectrometry to the chemical analysis of environmental samples. This update refers to papers published approximately between August 2014 and July 2015 and continues the series of Atomic Spectrometry Updates (ASUs) in Environmental Analysis that should be read in conjunction with other related ASUs in the series, namely: clinical and biological materials, foods and beverages; advances in Atomic Spectrometry and related techniques; elemental speciation; X-ray Spectrometry; and metals, chemicals and functional materials. In the field of air analysis, highlights within this review period included: the development of a new laser fluorescence instrument for the ultratrace determination of mercury vapour; single particle ICP-MS studies and the coupling of elemental analysers to mass spectrometers for the improved characterisation of carbonaceous aerosols. In the arena of water analysis, methods continue to be developed: for the extraction and preconcentration of elements, As, Cr, Hg and Sb species and determination of elemental constituents in colloidal and NP fractions. Emerging elements of interest include Gd derived from MRI agents discharged at low level from medical facilities in water courses. Instrumental developments reported included the use of MC-ICP-MS for isotopic tracer studies and a review of TXRF techniques and associated preconcentration procedures for trace element analysis. In the period covered by this update several articles have explored the analysis of soil extracts for geochemical prospecting. There has been widening interest in the use of CS-AAS and in the application of techniques capable of direct sample analysis such as slurry sampling ETAAS and ETV-ICP-AES. Portable XRF instrumentation is now being used in many disciplines to quantify trace elements in soils – bringing a need for better transfer of analytical knowledge to non-specialist users – and the growing use of portable XRF in proximal sensing is also noteworthy. Recent research indicates that geological applications still drive many of the instrumental and methodological advances in LA-ICP-MS. Fundamental studies continued to shed light on the processes involved and hence ways of improving the analysis of laser-produced aerosols and to minimise matrix and fractionation effects. A new technique LA-DOF-MS (distance of flight) was described. The utility of LIBS and portable XRF for in situ survey work continues to show promise but issues such as appropriate calibration regimes and data processing protocols will still need to be addressed.
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Atomic Spectrometry update. Environmental analysis
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2013Co-Authors: Owen T. Butler, Warren R. L. Cairns, Jennifer M. Cook, Christine M. DavidsonAbstract:This is the 28th annual review published in JAAS on the application of Atomic Spectrometry to the chemical analysis of environmental samples. This Update refers to papers published approximately between September 2011 and August 2012 and continues the series of Atomic Spectrometry Updates (ASUs) in Environmental Analysis1 that should be read in conjunction with other related ASUs in the series, namely: clinical and biological materials, foods and beverages2; advances in Atomic Spectrometry and related techniques3; elemental speciation4; X-ray Spectrometry5 and industrial analysis: metals, chemicals and advanced materials.6 In the field of air analysis there is ongoing interest in measuring atmospheric Hg species and evaluating procedures for the determination of the carbonaceous content of airborne particulate matter. Other noteworthy areas of interest include: development of LIBS and MS systems for in situ measurement; and the use of synchrotron-based X-ray techniques for the solid-state speciation of airborne particles. In the field of water analysis, as in previous years, the main areas of activity are the development, some may say redevelopment, of preconcentration and extraction procedures and elemental speciation protocols for elements such as As, Cr and Sb. There is increasing interest in developing portable instrumentation for field use using AES or XRF techniques. In the field of soil and plant analysis, noteworthy developments this year include the emergence of nanoSIMS as a tool for trace element imaging, and greater use of techniques such as LIBS and PXRF with chemometric data processing to provide overall identification or classification of samples, rather than accurate quantification of specific analytes. Of concern, however, is the publication of several articles ‘reinventing the wheel’. For example, one study compared the analysis of dust by PIXE with results obtained by ICP-AES following HNO3 digestion according to USEPA Method 3050B, and another compared XRF data for soil samples with data from ICP-MS analysis of aqua regia soil digests. Unsurprisingly, both concluded that the X-ray technique produced higher concentrations for some elements than pseudo-total digestion! This suggests that there is a need for greater engagement between analytical and environmental geochemists to ensure that users of Atomic Spectrometry—and perhaps also some journal editors—are aware of the established scope of different analytical techniques and methods. Developments in geochemical analysis include: production and certification of new geological RMs with well-constrained isotopic contents or the recertification of existing RMs to include such isotopic data; optimisation of LA-ICP-MS and TIMS techniques and the reported use of a new ICP-MS instrument equipped with a Mattauch-Herzog type array detector to deliver improved isotopic measurement capabilities. Feedback on this review is most welcome and the lead author can be contacted using the email address provided
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Atomic Spectrometry update. Environmental analysis
J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2012Co-Authors: Owen T. Butler, Warren R. L. Cairns, Jennifer M. Cook, Christine M. DavidsonAbstract:This is the 27th annual review published in Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry of the application of Atomic Spectrometry to the chemical analysis of environmental samples. This Update refers to papers published approximately between September 2010 and August 2011 and continues the series of Atomic Spectrometry Updates (ASUs) in Environmental Analysis1 that should be read in conjunction with other related ASU reviews in the series, namely: clinical and biological materials, foods and beverages;2 advances in Atomic Spectrometry and related techniques;3 elemental speciation;4 X-ray fluorescence Spectrometry5 and industrial analysis: metals, chemicals and advanced materials.6 To celebrate the 25th anniversary of JAAS, a 25-year retrospective of ASU reviews has been published7 to highlight the development and evolution of Atomic spectrometric techniques and their use in measurement applications. Specific to this review, in the field of air analysis there is ongoing interest in measuring atmospheric Hg species and evaluating procedures for the determination of the carbonaceous content of airborne particulate matter. In a measurement arena where RMs are relatively scarce, a number of useful interlaboratory comparison studies have been reported. In the field of water analysis, as in previous years, the main areas of activity are the development of preconcentration and extraction procedures and elemental speciation protocols for elements such as As, Cr and Hg. There is increasing interest in evaluating TXRF for trace analysis. In the field of soil and plant analysis, sample dissolution and extraction remain a major focus of interest—especially methods to assess bioavailability—and there is a hint that ‘greener’ approaches, using less concentrated acid, are becoming important. Especially notable are the continued developments in LIBS, a shift towards more widespread use of techniques such as HPLC-ICP-MS and synchrotron-based XRF, and growth in studies where multiple techniques have been applied to the same sample for trace element mapping or speciation analysis. Less desirable are the publication of variants on well-established analytical methods with marginal novelty and several instances where substantially similar articles appeared almost simultaneously in more than one journal, thus generating ‘two publications for the price of one’. It is evident that MC-ICP-MS and LA-MC-ICP-MS are now so widely available in geoanalytical laboratories that applications papers, that include little of novelty from an analytical perspective, dominate the literature. However, this trend should not mask the vital research required to underpin and improve the quality of the geochemical data on which any interpretation is based. Another observation is the high proportion of analytical and applications papers with Chinese authors, reflecting the rise of Atomic Spectrometry in China over the past number of years. Feedback on this review is most welcome and the lead author can be contacted using the email address provided