The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Dag Tuastad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Neo-Orientalism and the new Barbarism thesis: Aspects of symbolic violence in the Middle East conflict(s)
    Third World Quarterly, 2003
    Co-Authors: Dag Tuastad
    Abstract:

    Imaginaries of 'terrorism' and 'Arab mind' backwardness can be seen as closely connected: the latter explains the former as irrational--violence thus becomes the product of backward cultures. I regard this way of representing the violence of peripheralised peoples as a specific expression of symbolic violence: new Barbarism. The 'new Barbarism' thesis implies explanations of political violence that omit political and economic interests and contexts when describing violence, and presents violence as a result of traits embedded in local cultures. New Barbarism and neo-Orientalist imaginaries may serve as hegemonic strategies when the production of enemy imaginaries contributes to legitimise continuous colonial economic or political projects, as can be witnessed in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Brian Young - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • j g a pocock s Barbarism and religion
    Erudition and the Republic of Letters, 2017
    Co-Authors: Brian Young
    Abstract:

    In this article we examine scientific knowledge of animals and disciplines pertaining to them in British, French, and German encyclopedias from around 1700 to the time of the publication of Darwin’s On the Origin of Species. As our corpus includes scholarly encyclopedias with entries on animals written by specialists, our article is meant to help define the place of the animal in the period’s developing scientific conceptions. At the same time, our goal is to study differences in the representations of animals among encyclopedias, notably between popular and scholarly encyclopedias. By studying the sources of encyclopedias’ entries on animals, we will establish the pathways by which representations of animals were formed, thus connecting knowledge of animals to commercial and literary processes. By studying the intellectual premises of the entries, we will connect knowledge of animals to reading publics, thereby illuminating the status of encyclopedias as intermediaries in the movement of knowledge.

John S Ellis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the methods of Barbarism and the rights of small nations war propaganda and british pluralism
    Albion, 1998
    Co-Authors: John S Ellis
    Abstract:

    The “methods of Barbarism” and the “rights of small nations” are perhaps the most recognizable of British slogans arising out of the wars of the early twentieth century. They are instantly associated with the Boer War and the First World War respectively, but seldom are they associated with each other. However, the Pro-Boer rhetoric of “the methods of Barbarism” and the First World War propaganda of “the rights of small nations” are intimately linked through their roots in the pluralist Liberal vision of Britishness.These slogans and the propaganda campaigns that they epitomized must be understood within the context of a multicultural Britain and opposing notions of British national identity. Defining “Barbarism” as the oppression of small nations through the brutal use of force, the Pro-Boers associated the term with the Anglocentric vision of the British nation reflected in the “New Imperialism” of the Conservatives. Through their belief in Anglo-Saxon racial superiority, the Conservative imperialists maintained that small nations like those of the Irish, the Welsh, and the Boers would either be assimilated or swept aside by the historical progress of an expanding Anglo-Saxon nation state. In contrast to this notion of Conservative “Barbarism,” the Pro-Boer Liberals drew on the Gladstonian heritage of their party in defining the United Kingdom as a multinational state at the center of a multinational empire. They eschewed the use of force in the maintenance of empire and argued that the bonds of imperialism must be based upon mutual goodwill, voluntarism, and the recognition of the principle of nationality.When the First World War broke out in 1914, propagandists drew upon these contrasting constructions of Liberal cultural pluralism and Conservative cultural uniformity. In terms similar to those employed by the Pro-Boers, British propagandists depicted the First World War as a struggle against German “Barbarism” and as a fight to vindicate the “rights of small nations.” Solidly based upon the Liberal construction of the multicultural and multinational nature of Britishness, Britain's role as the champion of the principle of nationality was proclaimed with an eye not only to the international context of Europe but to the domestic context of the British state and empire as well.

  • “The Methods of Barbarism” and the “Rights of Small Nations”: War Propaganda and British Pluralism
    Albion, 1998
    Co-Authors: John S Ellis
    Abstract:

    The "methods of Barbarism" and the "rights of small nations" are perhaps the most recognizable of British slogans arising out of the wars of the early twentieth century. They are instantly associated with the Boer War and the First World War respectively, but seldom are they associated with each other. However, the Pro-Boer rhetoric of "the methods of Barbarism" and the First World War propaganda of "the rights of small nations" are intimately linked through their roots in the pluralist Liberal vision of Britishness. These slogans and the propaganda campaigns that they epitomized must be understood within the context of a multicultural Britain and opposing notions of British national identity. Defining "Barbarism" as the oppression of small nations through the brutal use of force, the Pro-Boers associated the term with the Anglocentric vision of the British nation reflected in the "New Imperialism" of the Conservatives. Through their belief in Anglo-Saxon racial superiority, the Conservative imperialists maintained that small nations like those of the Irish, the Welsh, and the Boers would either be assimilated or swept aside by the historical progress of an expanding Anglo-Saxon nation state. In contrast to this notion of Conservative "Barbarism," the Pro-Boer Liberals drew on the Gladstonian heritage of their party in defining the United Kingdom as a multinational state at the center of a multinational empire. They eschewed the use of force in the maintenance of empire and argued that the bonds of imperialism must be based upon mutual goodwill, voluntarism, and the recognition of the principle of nationality. When the First World War broke out in 1914, propagandists drew upon these contrasting constructions of Liberal cultural pluralism and Conservative cultural uniformity. In tenns similar to those employed by the Pro-Boers, British propagandists depicted the First World War as a struggle against German "Barbarism" and as a fight to vindicate the "rights of small nations." Solidly based upon the Liberal construction of the multicultural and multinational nature of Britishness, Britain's role as the champion of the principle of nationality was proclaimed with an eye not only to the international context of Europe but to the domestic context of the British state and empire as well. Through a racial ideology of Anglo-Saxonism, which asserted the natural superiority of the "Teutonic race," the Conservatives of the late Victorian period equated Britishness with Englishness. Seeking to promulgate a vision of the United Kingdom as an essentially English nation state, they argued that the

Marcelo Feijó De Mello - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The importance of the concepts of disaster, catastrophe, violence, trauma and Barbarism in defining posttraumatic stress disorder in clinical practice
    BMC psychiatry, 2008
    Co-Authors: Luciana Lorens Braga, Jose Paulo Fiks, Jair De Jesus Mari, Marcelo Feijó De Mello
    Abstract:

    Several terms in the scientific literature about posttraumatic stress disorder are used with different meanings in studies conducted by different authors. Words such as trauma, violence, catastrophe, disaster and Barbarism are often used vaguely or confusingly, and their meanings change in different articles. The lack of conceptual references for these expressions complicates the organization of literature. Furthermore, the absence of clear concepts may be an obstacle to clinical treatment because the use of these words by the patients does not necessarily point to a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder. A critical review of scientific literature showed that stress can be divided in stages to facilitate specific terminological adjustments to the event itself, to the subject-event interaction and to psychological responses. Moreover, it demonstrated that the varying concept of trauma expands into fundamental psychotherapeutic definitions and that the meanings of violence associated with Barbarism are an obstacle to resilience. Therefore, this study updates the etymological origins and applications of these words, connects them to the expansions of meanings that can be operated in the clinical care of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder, and analyzes them critically according to the criterion A of DSM-IV and ICD-10. The terminology in the literature about posttraumatic stress disorder includes a plethora of terms whose meanings are not fully understood, and that, therefore, limit this terminology. The analysis of these terms suggested that the transformation of the concept of trauma led to a broader understanding of this phenomenon in its psychic dimensions, that a barbarian type of violence constitutes an obstacle to resilience, and that the criterion A of the DSM-IV and ICD-10 shows imprecision and conceptual fragilities. To develop this debate article, a current specialized literature review was achieved by searching and retrieving the key terms from two major databases: PubMed and PsycINFO. The key terms included "disaster", "catastrophe", "Barbarism", "terrorism", "trauma", "psychic trauma" and "violence", also in combination with the terms "PTSD", "concept" and "conceptual aspects". The data were captured specially from review articles. The included studies were those mostly identified by the authors as relevant by the presence of a conceptual approach in any part of the paper. Researches that relied solely on empirical indicators, like psychopathological, neurobiological or pharmacological aspects, were excluded. The focus here was in conceptual aspects, even when some few empirical studies were included. As it was noted a paucity of medical references related to conceptual aspects of these terms, a wider literature needed to be included, including chapters, books and articles proceeded from the Humanities areas. "Interdisciplinary research is needed in this area to include perspectives from a range of different disciplines" once that "to promote public health (...) new dimensions of such interactions and the implications thereof should be pursued in collaboration with researchers from broader areas" [1].

Laura Lonsdale - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • equivocation and Barbarism hemingway s modernist mistranslations
    2018
    Co-Authors: Laura Lonsdale
    Abstract:

    Ernest Hemingway (1899–1961) was a cosmopolitan American modernist who, in his novel of the Spanish civil war, For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940), imported the syntax and idioms of Spanish into his English prose. Hemingway exploited the Spanish idiom in this novel to both defamiliarise English and multiply meaning, finding in the ‘translation’ of a word a semantic range that both overlaps with and extends its meaning in English. In spite of the novel’s Barbarisms and its mistranslations—or rather because of them—this chapter suggests that an ethical mode of translation lies at the heart of a novel too often dismissed as exoticising and absurd.

  • Equivocation and Barbarism: Hemingway’s Modernist Mistranslations
    Multilingualism and Modernity, 2017
    Co-Authors: Laura Lonsdale
    Abstract:

    Ernest Hemingway (1899–1961) was a cosmopolitan American modernist who, in his novel of the Spanish civil war, For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940), imported the syntax and idioms of Spanish into his English prose. Hemingway exploited the Spanish idiom in this novel to both defamiliarise English and multiply meaning, finding in the ‘translation’ of a word a semantic range that both overlaps with and extends its meaning in English. In spite of the novel’s Barbarisms and its mistranslations—or rather because of them—this chapter suggests that an ethical mode of translation lies at the heart of a novel too often dismissed as exoticising and absurd.