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Wieslaw Oleszek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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flavonoids from Barrel Medic Medicago truncatula aerial parts
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Iwona Kowalska, Ireneusz Kapusta, Anna Stochmal, Sonia Piacente, Cosimo Pizza, Bogdan Janda, Wieslaw OleszekAbstract:Twenty-three flavonoids have been identified in the aerial parts of Barrel Medic, and their structures were established by spectrometric and spectroscopic (ESI-MS/MS and NMR) techniques. Eight of the identified compounds, including apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside, apigenin 7-O-[2'-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside], apigenin 7-O-{2-O-feruloyl-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside}, chrysoeriol 7-O-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside, chrysoeriol 7-O-{2'-O-p-coumaroyl-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside}, tricin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-4'-O-glucopyranoside, tricin 7-O-[2'-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside], and tricin 7-O-{2'-O-p-coumaroyl-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside}, have not been reported before in the plant kingdom. Additionally, the presence of two luteolin, three apigenin, one chrysoeriol, and six tricin glycosides, previously identified in alfalfa (Medicago sativa), was confirmed in M. truncatula. Moreover, besides the above flavones, the aerial parts of this species contained three flavonols including rutin, laricitrin 3,7,5'-triglucoside, and laricitrin 3,5'-diglucoside.
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determination of saponins in aerial parts of Barrel Medic Medicago truncatula by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Ireneusz Kapusta, Anna Stochmal, Bogdan Janda, Wieslaw OleszekAbstract:Triterpene saponins from aerial parts of Medicago truncatula cv. Jemalong A-17, M. truncatula Gaertn. var. longispina Urb., and M. truncatula Gaertn. var. truncatula were profiled and quantified using reverse-phase liquid chromatography with on-line photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-PDA/ESI/MS/MS). The determination was based on standard curves obtained for the 18 available saponin standards, previously isolated from Jemalong A-17. Aerial parts of all three subspecies contained 17 saponins previously identified and also a substantial amount of astragaloside VIII (3-GlcA-Xyl-Rha soyasapogenol B), not previously reported in M. truncatula. The compositions of saponin mixtures were very similar in the three subspecies with three dominant groups, recognized as zanhic acid, Medicagenic acid, and soyasapogenol glycosides. Relative proportions of these three groups were also similar in the three subspecies: var. longispina had 49.5, 48.1, and 2.4%; var. truncatula, 41.5...
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Triterpene saponins from Barrel Medic (Medicago truncatula) aerial parts
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Ireneusz Kapusta, Anna Stochmal, Angela Perrone, Sonia Piacente, Cosimo Pizza, Wieslaw OleszekAbstract:Triterpene saponins from Medicago truncatula aerial parts have been separated and their structures determined by the extensive use of 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments including 1H−1H (DQF-COSY, 1D-TOCSY) and 1H−13C (HSQC, HMBC) spectroscopy along with ESIMS. Fifteen individual compounds were isolated that included seven Medicagenic acid and eight zanhic acid glycosides. Additionally, two soyasapogenol B and soyasapogenol E glycosides were identified by MS/MS and TLC. Four Medicagenic acid glycosides (5, 11, 12, 14) and eight zanhic acid glycosides (1−4, 6−9) are reported here for the first time. The common feature of M. truncatula aerial part saponins is the (1→3) linkage between the two glucose units at C-3 of Medicagenic and zanhic acids, which is different from that found in alfalfa (Medicago sativa), where this linkage was always (1→2). This may suggest differences in glucosyltransferases between these two Medicago species. Keywords: Barrel Medic; Medicago truncatula; triterpene saponins
Ireneusz Kapusta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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flavonoids from Barrel Medic Medicago truncatula aerial parts
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Iwona Kowalska, Ireneusz Kapusta, Anna Stochmal, Sonia Piacente, Cosimo Pizza, Bogdan Janda, Wieslaw OleszekAbstract:Twenty-three flavonoids have been identified in the aerial parts of Barrel Medic, and their structures were established by spectrometric and spectroscopic (ESI-MS/MS and NMR) techniques. Eight of the identified compounds, including apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside, apigenin 7-O-[2'-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside], apigenin 7-O-{2-O-feruloyl-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside}, chrysoeriol 7-O-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside, chrysoeriol 7-O-{2'-O-p-coumaroyl-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside}, tricin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-4'-O-glucopyranoside, tricin 7-O-[2'-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside], and tricin 7-O-{2'-O-p-coumaroyl-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside}, have not been reported before in the plant kingdom. Additionally, the presence of two luteolin, three apigenin, one chrysoeriol, and six tricin glycosides, previously identified in alfalfa (Medicago sativa), was confirmed in M. truncatula. Moreover, besides the above flavones, the aerial parts of this species contained three flavonols including rutin, laricitrin 3,7,5'-triglucoside, and laricitrin 3,5'-diglucoside.
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determination of saponins in aerial parts of Barrel Medic Medicago truncatula by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Ireneusz Kapusta, Anna Stochmal, Bogdan Janda, Wieslaw OleszekAbstract:Triterpene saponins from aerial parts of Medicago truncatula cv. Jemalong A-17, M. truncatula Gaertn. var. longispina Urb., and M. truncatula Gaertn. var. truncatula were profiled and quantified using reverse-phase liquid chromatography with on-line photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-PDA/ESI/MS/MS). The determination was based on standard curves obtained for the 18 available saponin standards, previously isolated from Jemalong A-17. Aerial parts of all three subspecies contained 17 saponins previously identified and also a substantial amount of astragaloside VIII (3-GlcA-Xyl-Rha soyasapogenol B), not previously reported in M. truncatula. The compositions of saponin mixtures were very similar in the three subspecies with three dominant groups, recognized as zanhic acid, Medicagenic acid, and soyasapogenol glycosides. Relative proportions of these three groups were also similar in the three subspecies: var. longispina had 49.5, 48.1, and 2.4%; var. truncatula, 41.5...
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Triterpene saponins from Barrel Medic (Medicago truncatula) aerial parts
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Ireneusz Kapusta, Anna Stochmal, Angela Perrone, Sonia Piacente, Cosimo Pizza, Wieslaw OleszekAbstract:Triterpene saponins from Medicago truncatula aerial parts have been separated and their structures determined by the extensive use of 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments including 1H−1H (DQF-COSY, 1D-TOCSY) and 1H−13C (HSQC, HMBC) spectroscopy along with ESIMS. Fifteen individual compounds were isolated that included seven Medicagenic acid and eight zanhic acid glycosides. Additionally, two soyasapogenol B and soyasapogenol E glycosides were identified by MS/MS and TLC. Four Medicagenic acid glycosides (5, 11, 12, 14) and eight zanhic acid glycosides (1−4, 6−9) are reported here for the first time. The common feature of M. truncatula aerial part saponins is the (1→3) linkage between the two glucose units at C-3 of Medicagenic and zanhic acids, which is different from that found in alfalfa (Medicago sativa), where this linkage was always (1→2). This may suggest differences in glucosyltransferases between these two Medicago species. Keywords: Barrel Medic; Medicago truncatula; triterpene saponins
Anna Stochmal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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flavonoids from Barrel Medic Medicago truncatula aerial parts
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Iwona Kowalska, Ireneusz Kapusta, Anna Stochmal, Sonia Piacente, Cosimo Pizza, Bogdan Janda, Wieslaw OleszekAbstract:Twenty-three flavonoids have been identified in the aerial parts of Barrel Medic, and their structures were established by spectrometric and spectroscopic (ESI-MS/MS and NMR) techniques. Eight of the identified compounds, including apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside, apigenin 7-O-[2'-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside], apigenin 7-O-{2-O-feruloyl-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside}, chrysoeriol 7-O-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside, chrysoeriol 7-O-{2'-O-p-coumaroyl-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside}, tricin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-4'-O-glucopyranoside, tricin 7-O-[2'-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside], and tricin 7-O-{2'-O-p-coumaroyl-[beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl(1-->2)-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside}, have not been reported before in the plant kingdom. Additionally, the presence of two luteolin, three apigenin, one chrysoeriol, and six tricin glycosides, previously identified in alfalfa (Medicago sativa), was confirmed in M. truncatula. Moreover, besides the above flavones, the aerial parts of this species contained three flavonols including rutin, laricitrin 3,7,5'-triglucoside, and laricitrin 3,5'-diglucoside.
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determination of saponins in aerial parts of Barrel Medic Medicago truncatula by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Ireneusz Kapusta, Anna Stochmal, Bogdan Janda, Wieslaw OleszekAbstract:Triterpene saponins from aerial parts of Medicago truncatula cv. Jemalong A-17, M. truncatula Gaertn. var. longispina Urb., and M. truncatula Gaertn. var. truncatula were profiled and quantified using reverse-phase liquid chromatography with on-line photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-PDA/ESI/MS/MS). The determination was based on standard curves obtained for the 18 available saponin standards, previously isolated from Jemalong A-17. Aerial parts of all three subspecies contained 17 saponins previously identified and also a substantial amount of astragaloside VIII (3-GlcA-Xyl-Rha soyasapogenol B), not previously reported in M. truncatula. The compositions of saponin mixtures were very similar in the three subspecies with three dominant groups, recognized as zanhic acid, Medicagenic acid, and soyasapogenol glycosides. Relative proportions of these three groups were also similar in the three subspecies: var. longispina had 49.5, 48.1, and 2.4%; var. truncatula, 41.5...
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Triterpene saponins from Barrel Medic (Medicago truncatula) aerial parts
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2005Co-Authors: Ireneusz Kapusta, Anna Stochmal, Angela Perrone, Sonia Piacente, Cosimo Pizza, Wieslaw OleszekAbstract:Triterpene saponins from Medicago truncatula aerial parts have been separated and their structures determined by the extensive use of 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments including 1H−1H (DQF-COSY, 1D-TOCSY) and 1H−13C (HSQC, HMBC) spectroscopy along with ESIMS. Fifteen individual compounds were isolated that included seven Medicagenic acid and eight zanhic acid glycosides. Additionally, two soyasapogenol B and soyasapogenol E glycosides were identified by MS/MS and TLC. Four Medicagenic acid glycosides (5, 11, 12, 14) and eight zanhic acid glycosides (1−4, 6−9) are reported here for the first time. The common feature of M. truncatula aerial part saponins is the (1→3) linkage between the two glucose units at C-3 of Medicagenic and zanhic acids, which is different from that found in alfalfa (Medicago sativa), where this linkage was always (1→2). This may suggest differences in glucosyltransferases between these two Medicago species. Keywords: Barrel Medic; Medicago truncatula; triterpene saponins
Massimo Confalonieri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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new insights on the Barrel Medic mtogg1 and mtfpg functions in relation to oxidative stress response in planta and during seed imbibition
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Anca Macovei, Alma Balestrazzi, Massimo Confalonieri, Matteo Fae, Daniela CarboneraAbstract:In plants, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase/lyase (OGG1) and formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (FPG) play similar roles within the base excision repair (BER) pathway involved in the removal of oxidized bases, e.g. 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxo-dG) and formamidopyrimidine (FAPy) lesions. To date, it is not clear why plants have retained both the OGG1 and FPG functions. In the present work, we have investigated the possible roles played in planta by MtOGG1 and MtFPG genes from Medicago truncatula Gaertn. (Barrel Medic). Bioinformatic investigation revealed the presence of putative mitochondrial and nuclear localization signals in the MtOGG1 and MtFPG amino acid sequences, respectively, thus suggesting for different subcellular fates. The expression profiles of both genes were evaluated by Quantitative Real-Time PCR (QRT-PCR) in Barrel Medic plantlets grown in vitro under oxidative stress conditions induced by copper (CuCl(2), 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mM) and polyethylene glycol (PEG6000, 50, 100 and 150 g L(-1)). The MtOGG1 and MtFPG genes were up-regulated in response to stress agents, at different levels, depending on treatment and tissue. As for copper, MtOGG1 showed significant up-regulation (up to 1.2- and 1.7-fold) only in roots while the MtFPG mRNA significantly increased (up to 1.3- and 2.8-fold, respectively) in roots and aerial parts. In response to PEG, the MtOGG1 expression was significantly enhanced in aerial parts (up to 1.3-fold) while the MtFPG showed significant (1.2-fold) up-regulation in roots. The expression profiles of MtOGG1 and MtFPG genes were also evaluated during seed imbibition, a physiological process which is characterized by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) accumulation and requires active DNA repair.
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Backbone-free transformation of Barrel Medic (Medicago truncatula) with a Medicago-derived transfer DNA.
Plant Cell Reports, 2010Co-Authors: Massimo Confalonieri, Roberto Borghetti, Anca Macovei, Claudia Testoni, Manuel Pedro Salema Fevereiro, Efisio Piano, Daniela Carbonera, Caius Rommens, Kathy Swords, Alma BalestrazziAbstract:In the present work, Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of the model legume Medicago truncatula Gaertn. (Barrel Medic) was carried out using the pSIM843 vector that contains a Medicago-derived transfer DNA, delineated by a 25-bp sequence homologous to bacterial T-DNA borders. The transfer DNA contains an expression cassette for the nptII (neomycin phosphotransferase) gene and is flanked by an expression cassette for the backbone integration marker gene ipt (isopentenyl transferase). Our results demonstrate that the Medicago-derived RB-like elements efficiently support DNA mobilization from A. tumefaciens to M. truncatula. Kanamycin-resistant shoots with normal phenotype and ipt-shooty lines were recovered at a frequency of 11.7 and 7.8%, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses demonstrated that 44.4% of the independent transgenic lines were backbone-free and evidenced the occurrence of backbone-transfer events.
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production of transgenic Barrel Medic Medicago truncatula gaernt using the ipt type mat vector system and impairment of recombinase mediated excision events
Plant Cell Reports, 2009Co-Authors: L Scaramelli, Efisio Piano, Alma Balestrazzi, Daniela Carbonera, M Bonadei, Massimo ConfalonieriAbstract:Expression of the uidA reporter gene was tested in transformation experiments of Barrel Medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn.) with the ipt-type control vectors pIPT5, pIPT10 and pIPT20 and distinct in vitro culture conditions. The highest GUS expression levels were obtained with the pIPT10 construct carrying the ipt gene under the control of the native ipt promoter and using kanamycin as selective agent. The ipt-shooty transformants, characterized by the absence of both rooting ability and apical dominance associated with vitrification, were easily identified by visual selection. Using only the ipt gene as selectable marker, we obtained a stable transformation frequency of 9.8% with pIPT10 construct. The ipt-type MAT vector pEXM2 was then used to monitor the excision events mediated by the yeast Recombinase and the consequent production of ipt marker-free transgenic plants. Transgenic ipt-shooty lines were recovered at a frequency of 7.9% in the absence of kanamycin-based selection. The ipt-shooty phenotype was maintained in all the transgenic lines and no reversion to the normal phenotype occurred. PCR analysis revealed the presence of the ‘hit and run’ cassette in the genome of all the regenerated ipt-shooty lines while RT-PCR experiments confirmed the expression of the R gene, encoding the yeast Recombinase. A detailed molecular investigation, carried out to verify the integrity of the RS sites, revealed that these regions were intact in most cases. Our results with Barrel Medic suggest that the MAT system must be carefully evaluated and discussed on a case by case basis.
Guillaume Blanc - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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widespread paleopolyploidy in model plant species inferred from age distributions of duplicate genes
The Plant Cell, 2004Co-Authors: Guillaume Blanc, Kenneth H WolfeAbstract:It is often anticipated that many of today's diploid plant species are in fact paleopolyploids. Given that an ancient large-scale duplication will result in an excess of relatively old duplicated genes with similar ages, we analyzed the timing of duplication of pairs of paralogous genes in 14 model plant species. Using EST contigs (unigenes), we identified pairs of paralogous genes in each species and used the level of synonymous nucleotide substitution to estimate the relative ages of gene duplication. For nine of the investigated species (wheat [Triticum aestivum], maize [Zea mays], tetraploid cotton [Gossypium hirsutum], diploid cotton [G. arboretum], tomato [Lycopersicon esculentum], potato [Solanum tuberosum], soybean [Glycine max], Barrel Medic [Medicago truncatula], and Arabidopsis thaliana), the age distributions of duplicated genes contain peaks corresponding to short evolutionary periods during which large numbers of duplicated genes were accumulated. Large-scale duplications (polyploidy or aneuploidy) are strongly suspected to be the cause of these temporal peaks of gene duplication. However, the unusual age profile of tandem gene duplications in Arabidopsis indicates that other scenarios, such as variation in the rate at which duplicated genes are deleted, must also be considered.
