The Experts below are selected from a list of 2913 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Jun Xie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Material characterization and performance evaluation of asphalt mixture Incorporating Basic Oxygen Furnace slag (BOF) sludge
    Construction and Building Materials, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jun Xie, Yue Xiao, Linli Zhang, Quantao Liu, Chao Yang, Nie Shan
    Abstract:

    Abstract The paper offers an investigation for the viability of Basic Oxygen Furnace slag sludge in asphalt mixture. The sludge has adequate clearance and relatively high Ridgen void. Its zinc element and toxic leachate content meet the requirements for Class III underground water in China. Therefore the BOF sludge is applicable to the filler requirements. Its alkalinity, vesicular texture, and large surface area nature all give contributions to the improvement of road performance for asphalt mixtures. Indirect tensile strength test and three points bending test respectively demonstrate that the BOF sludge added asphalt mixtures show acceptable and better moisture and low temperature crack resistance over the mixtures with limestone powder.

  • Evaluation the deleterious potential and heating characteristics of Basic Oxygen Furnace slag based on laboratory and in-place investigation during large-scale reutilization
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jun Xie, Yue Xiao, Linli Zhang, Weiqing Ding
    Abstract:

    In order to address severe climate change, land occupation and excessive consumption of resources, China as a giant developing country is relentlessly promoting the utilization of Basic Oxygen Furnace slag byproduct. The concerns referred to its large scale reutilization include deleterious potential, and possible problems in aggregate heating. Regarding the concerns, we elaborated a series of tests including toxicity characteristic leaching procedure and differential scanning calorimeter as complements of established researches in literature. The leaching results are consistent with peers' studies that the leachate of slag meets the requirements of laws and regulations in many countries. However toxic metal was detected from in-field waste water in slag aggregate making processor. It indicates the bulk slag in soils should be treated much carefully as it could be a giant pollution to shadow or ground water. The Differential Scanning Calorimeter results show that the enthalpy changes of slag samples from ambient temperature to 200 °C are comparable or less than that of dolerite. Water evaporation and decomposition of gypsum and carbonates contribute to the changes in heat flow. It grants the reliability that slag is a physical stable material in drying drum of asphalt mixture plant. Heating rate tests show that the slag samples with various water contents that are kept in hot oven show negligible discrepancy in the rate of temperature increase in comparison to dolerite. Based on the laboratory test results, an 8-km highway surface layer with Basic Oxygen Furnace slag has been constructed and presents good performance. All the work completed in laboratory and in-place construction indicates that Basic Oxygen Furnace slag is an environment-friendly aggregate if it is well treated. What's more, the bulk slag with less than 3% water content can be used in routine production. The slag based asphalt mixture is able to hold a warmer temperature, and hence granting a longer haul distance than when using dolerite.

  • Implementation of modified pull-off test by UTM to investigate bonding characteristics of bitumen and Basic Oxygen Furnace slag (BOF)
    Construction and Building Materials, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jun Xie, Zongwu Chen, Ling Pang
    Abstract:

    Abstract Modified pull-off tests were implemented to investigate the bonding characteristics of bitumen and Basic Oxygen Furnace slag by Universal Test Machine. Sandwich-like samples were prepared, which consist of two aggregate cubes and one layer of bitumen film. Therefore a stone–bitumen–stone structure was realized under pull-off strength in Universal Test Machine with a special designed clamp. The experimental variables included three aggregate sources (Basic Oxygen Furnace slag, basalt, and granite), two bitumen film thicknesses, three test temperatures and moisture treatment. During test the pull-off strengths were measured when samples were subjected to various experimental conditions. By means of reliability analysis, the modified pull-off test was validated as a test procedure of good reproducibility for routine use. Stronger pull-off strength can be observed between Basic Oxygen Furnace slag and bitumen at various bitumen film thicknesses, temperatures and even in moisture condition. Temperature dominates the fracture type of aggregate and bitumen, which is also related remarkably to bitumen retained area on aggregate. Generally there is a decrease trend in pull-off strength as increase in temperature and bitumen film thickness. The results are in accord with fracture energies.

  • Research on the Permanent Deformation Behavior of Asphalt Mixture with Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag
    Advanced Materials Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: Zongwu Chen, Jun Xie, Juyong Chen
    Abstract:

    Steel slag, a kind of industrial waste, has been considered applying in road construction as aggregate based on abundant indoor tests. The permanent deformation performance of asphalt mixture with Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) slag is evaluated by test with UTM-25 and simulation with equations at different temperatures and various stress levels in this study. Results show that the permanent deformation behavior of BOF base asphalt mixture is relatively sensitive to temperature and it can be perfectly modeled with proper equations, otherwise, strain per load cycle of specimen is responsible for mixture failure instead of accumulated permanent strain.

S.a. Mikhail - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • thermal reduction of steel making secondary materials i Basic Oxygen Furnace dust
    Thermochimica Acta, 1998
    Co-Authors: S.a. Mikhail, Annemarie Turcotte
    Abstract:

    Abstract A study of the thermal reduction of Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) dust was carried out using simultaneous thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction, chemical and mineralogical analyses were also used. BOF dust, which mainly consists of higher iron oxides (magnetite and hematite), is the largest by-product flue waste released in the integrated steel-making process. Blast Furnace (BF) dust, a carbon–iron-rich flue waste released in the iron-making process, was used as a reductant. Both of the starting materials were examined individually using the same techniques. The effect of the reaction atmosphere, the amount of reductant and the temperature were examined. The results indicated that, at 1300°C in inert atmosphere, a partial reduction of the contained iron oxides takes place with 20% reductant in the mixture. With 50% reductant, under the same conditions, a complete metallization of the iron oxides in the dust takes place. The thermal analysis results were verified by identifying the reaction products as well as the gaseous species evolved during the reduction reactions.

  • Thermal behaviour of Basic Oxygen Furnace waste slag
    Thermochimica Acta, 1995
    Co-Authors: S.a. Mikhail, A.m. Turcotte
    Abstract:

    Abstract The traditional use of Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) slag as an aggregate in road construction has been restricted due to the slag's expansive nature, attributed to the hydration of the calcium and magnesium oxides content. Consequently, a significant proportion of the slag is now being stockpiled. In the present work, the thermal behaviours of an industrial steelmaking BOF slag and of calcium and magnesium oxides, were examined in order to explore means of thermally stabilizing the slag and minimizing its susceptibility to hydration. Thermal analysis techniques, supplemented by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, were used to study the materials in dry air, moist air and CO2. An optimum method for thermally treating the slag is proposed and the susceptibility of the treated slag to form hydroxides on hydration was found minimal.

Marcelo Borges Mansur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Selective removal of zinc from Basic Oxygen Furnace sludges
    Hydrometallurgy, 2011
    Co-Authors: Marcos Vinícius Cantarino, Celso De Carvalho Filho, Marcelo Borges Mansur
    Abstract:

    The present research investigated the removal of zinc from BOF (Basic Oxygen Furnace) sludges in an attempt to reuse the iron content of the sludge in the production of sinter. The study consisted of two main steps: (i) the characterization of fine and coarse fractions of BOF sludges and (ii) the hybrid treatment of sludge to selectively remove zinc from iron. The characterization study showed that the Fe/Zn ratio is 132.6 in the coarse fraction and 11.6 in the fine fraction; the amount of zinc proved to be 8.5 times higher in the later fraction, while the total content of iron ranged between 50 and 60% in both fractions. Zinc could also be identified in the sludge as zincite (ZnO) and franklinite (ZnO.Fe2O3), whose last phase is quite stable and insoluble in NaOH solutions. Other characteristics, including the granulometry, morphology, and toxicity of both fractions of the sludge, were also determined. To improve the zinc removal efficiency, franklinite must be decomposed by a thermal treatment. For this reason, a hybrid route was investigated using the fine fraction of the sludge. The effect of various materials and reagents was evaluated concerning the decomposition of franklinite, in which NaOH was found to be the most effective. Operating variables, such as temperature, time, and NaOH/sludge ratio were studied. The treatment was found to be quite efficient in the selective removal of zinc from the sludge (zinc removal higher than 90% was obtained with practically no iron extraction), thus improving the Fe/Zn ratio in the fine fraction to approximately 200.

Kauko Leiviskä - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Mass-balance Based Multivariate Modelling of Basic Oxygen Furnace Used in Steel Industry
    IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jari Ruuska, Aki Sorsa, Jarmo Lilja, Kauko Leiviskä
    Abstract:

    Abstract A static model for a Basic Oxygen Furnace process in SSAB steel plant is described in this paper. The model aims for predicting the so called distribution factor describing how the chemical elements fed into the process are distributed into the outlet streams. A multi-model approach is used where sub-models use regression models with interaction and quadratic terms with carefully selected input variables. The predictions for manganese, phosphorus and sulphur work well, while the model for iron needs further improvement. Different modelling techniques or clustering may be applied.

  • Data-driven Multivariate Analysis of Basic Oxygen Furnace Used in Steel Industry
    IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2015
    Co-Authors: Aki Sorsa, Jari Ruuska, Jarmo Lilja, Kauko Leiviskä
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper presents early results of the development steps taken in order to build a static model of a Basic Oxygen Furnace for SSAB Raahe steel plant. The model aims for being used as a part of a plant-wide control system. Model development includes pre-processing and actual modelling steps. The modelling step uses a pre-selected set of input variables and non-linear multivariate regression models. The results show that the models for Mn, P and S changes are able to capture the main interactions even though the variance around the main trend is high. The prediction of Fe changes, however, is not successful. This research indicates that grouping or clustering of data or usage of other modelling techniques may improve the results greatly.

  • Analysis of splashing in Basic Oxygen Furnace through systematic modelling
    IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2015
    Co-Authors: Jari Ruuska, Seppo Ollila, Aki Sorsa, Kauko Leiviskä
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper presents the results of using a systematic approach for identifying the interactions between splashing and the variables measured from the Basic Oxygen Furnace. Splashing is a phenomenon in BOF, where a small portion of material (both slag and steel) is splashing from the BOF in an uncontrolled manner. This causes unwanted material losses, which requires additional processing phases resulting to the loss of time and money. Splashing is an undesired phenomenon and thus its analysis is important. Earlier the analysis is carried out mainly manually while the systematic approach used in this paper uses forward-selection for selecting the significant variables and multivariable linear regression as a modelling technique for identifying a model between splashing and process variables. The results show that the procedures used are able to find a variable subset that can be used for explaining changes in splashing. Despite the promising results the process and the studied approach needs more research in the future. Especially, the procedure used needs to be complemented with data selection.

  • MODEL-BASED MONITORING OF Basic Oxygen Furnace
    IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 2007
    Co-Authors: Jari Ruuska, Seppo Ollila, Kauko Leiviskä
    Abstract:

    Abstract This paper discusses measurements, models and a splashing indicator for Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF). Also some ideas about the utilization of expert knowledge together with the proposal for model-based monitoring are given. Maintainability, modularity and transportability are briefly discussed. Research was done in co-operation with Ruukki's Raahe Steel Works in Finland.

Yue Xiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Material characterization and performance evaluation of asphalt mixture Incorporating Basic Oxygen Furnace slag (BOF) sludge
    Construction and Building Materials, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jun Xie, Yue Xiao, Linli Zhang, Quantao Liu, Chao Yang, Nie Shan
    Abstract:

    Abstract The paper offers an investigation for the viability of Basic Oxygen Furnace slag sludge in asphalt mixture. The sludge has adequate clearance and relatively high Ridgen void. Its zinc element and toxic leachate content meet the requirements for Class III underground water in China. Therefore the BOF sludge is applicable to the filler requirements. Its alkalinity, vesicular texture, and large surface area nature all give contributions to the improvement of road performance for asphalt mixtures. Indirect tensile strength test and three points bending test respectively demonstrate that the BOF sludge added asphalt mixtures show acceptable and better moisture and low temperature crack resistance over the mixtures with limestone powder.

  • Effect of hydration and silicone resin on Basic Oxygen Furnace slag and its asphalt mixture
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016
    Co-Authors: Zongwu Chen, Yue Xiao, Wenbo Zeng, Jiuming Wan
    Abstract:

    Abstract The primary purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of hydration and silicone resin on material characteristics of Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) slag and performances of BOF slag asphalt mixture. BOF slags modified by different methods were prepared. Surface textures, elements distributions, pore characteristics and volume stability of various BOF slags were first studied. Then the performances of asphalt mixtures containing various BOF slags including volume stability, thermal property and moisture resistance were well evaluated. Results showed that the combined modification of hydration and silicone resin can lower the asphalt absorption of BOF slag, and improve the asphalt mixture's volume stability and thermal efficiency, which meant the applicability and economy of BOF slag asphalt mixture got enhanced when proper combined modification was applied on BOF slag.

  • Evaluation the deleterious potential and heating characteristics of Basic Oxygen Furnace slag based on laboratory and in-place investigation during large-scale reutilization
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jun Xie, Yue Xiao, Linli Zhang, Weiqing Ding
    Abstract:

    In order to address severe climate change, land occupation and excessive consumption of resources, China as a giant developing country is relentlessly promoting the utilization of Basic Oxygen Furnace slag byproduct. The concerns referred to its large scale reutilization include deleterious potential, and possible problems in aggregate heating. Regarding the concerns, we elaborated a series of tests including toxicity characteristic leaching procedure and differential scanning calorimeter as complements of established researches in literature. The leaching results are consistent with peers' studies that the leachate of slag meets the requirements of laws and regulations in many countries. However toxic metal was detected from in-field waste water in slag aggregate making processor. It indicates the bulk slag in soils should be treated much carefully as it could be a giant pollution to shadow or ground water. The Differential Scanning Calorimeter results show that the enthalpy changes of slag samples from ambient temperature to 200 °C are comparable or less than that of dolerite. Water evaporation and decomposition of gypsum and carbonates contribute to the changes in heat flow. It grants the reliability that slag is a physical stable material in drying drum of asphalt mixture plant. Heating rate tests show that the slag samples with various water contents that are kept in hot oven show negligible discrepancy in the rate of temperature increase in comparison to dolerite. Based on the laboratory test results, an 8-km highway surface layer with Basic Oxygen Furnace slag has been constructed and presents good performance. All the work completed in laboratory and in-place construction indicates that Basic Oxygen Furnace slag is an environment-friendly aggregate if it is well treated. What's more, the bulk slag with less than 3% water content can be used in routine production. The slag based asphalt mixture is able to hold a warmer temperature, and hence granting a longer haul distance than when using dolerite.

  • characteristics of bonding behavior between Basic Oxygen Furnace slag and asphalt binder
    Construction and Building Materials, 2014
    Co-Authors: Zongwu Chen, Juyong Chen, Yue Xiao, Shaopeng Wu
    Abstract:

    Abstract Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) slag is one of the steel slags, which are by-products in steel industry. Currently there is lack of effective ways to reuse it. It has caused various environmental issues such as water pollution, soil pollution and shortage of storage spaces. Therefore, research on using BOF slag as a novel aggregate in asphalt pavement has benefits both in environment and economics. The bonding behavior between slags and asphalt binder is one of the most important properties to ensure a durable BOF slag based asphalt pavement. In this research, the bonding behavior between BOF slag and asphalt binder was studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was first conducted to understand the physical and hydration characteristics of BOF slag. Modified boiling water test and self-designed tensile test were than used to quantify the bonding behavior. Moisture resistance of bonding behavior can be also investigated with modified boiling water test. The results of boiling water test indicated that the BOF slag, firmly coved with hydration products, has the potential to protect the asphalt binder from being stripped by boiling water. Self-designed tensile test result illustrated that BOF slag had better bonding strength than the values of basalt and granite aggregates.