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Nigel Curtis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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can colony forming unit testing be used to extend the shelf life of BCG Vaccines
Tuberculosis, 2018Co-Authors: Nicole L Messina, Nigel Curtis, Susie Germano, Rhian Bonnici, Laiyang Lee, Andrew J Daley, Andrea Bustamante, Peter JelfsAbstract:Abstract A recent shortage in supply of Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), the live attenuated Vaccine given to protect against tuberculosis (TB) caused major disruption to global vaccination programs. In this study, we assessed whether quantification of viable bacteria, could be used to inform the use of the BCG Vaccine beyond its manufacturer-assigned expiration date. The viability of a single batch of BCG-Denmark was tested in three independent laboratories. There was high inter-vial and inter-laboratory variability in viability counts, however all three laboratories detected a decrease in BCG viability over time. Despite this, there was no difference in the rate of BCG scar formation in infants who were vaccinated with this batch of BCG before and after its manufacturer-assigned expiration date. This study demonstrates the potential for using BCG viability counts to guide the use of BCG Vaccine beyond the manufacturer-assigned expiration date.
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the influence of bacille calmette guerin Vaccine strain on the immune response against tuberculosis a randomized trial
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Nicole Ritz, Willem A. Hanekom, Marc Tebruegge, Tom G Connell, Roy M Robinsbrowne, Warwick J Britton, Binita Dutta, Susan Donath, Dan Casalaz, Nigel CurtisAbstract:Rationale: Approximately 100 million doses of bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Vaccine are given each year to protect against tuberculosis (TB). More than 20 genetically distinct BCG Vaccine strains are in use worldwide. Previous studies suggest that BCG Vaccine strain influences the immune response and protection against TB. Current data on which BCG Vaccine strain induces the optimal immune response in humans are insufficient.Objectives: To compare the immune response to three different BCG Vaccine strains given to infants at birth.Methods: Newborn infants in a tertiary women's hospital were immunized at birth with one of three BCG Vaccine strains. A stratified randomization according to the mother's region of birth was used.Measurements and Main Results: The presence of mycobacterial-specific polyfunctional CD4 T cells measured by flow cytometry 10 weeks after immunization. Of the 209 infants immunized, data from 164 infants were included in the final analysis (BCG-Denmark, n = 54; BCG-Japan, n = 54; BCG-...
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susceptibility of mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine strains to antituberculous antibiotics
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2009Co-Authors: Nicole Ritz, Marc Tebruegge, Tom G Connell, Aina Sievers, Roy M Robinsbrowne, Nigel CurtisAbstract:Mycobacterium bovis BCG is one of the most commonly administered Vaccines. Complications, including disseminated BCG disease, are rare but increasingly reported in immunodeficient children. There is growing recognition of the importance of differences between BCG Vaccine strains. We determined the susceptibilities of five genetically distinct BCG Vaccine strains to 12 antituberculous drugs.
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influence of BCG Vaccine strain on the immune response and protection against tuberculosis
Fems Microbiology Reviews, 2008Co-Authors: Willem A. Hanekom, Nicole Ritz, Roy M Robinsbrowne, Nigel Curtis, Warwick J BrittonAbstract:The Bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG) Vaccine has been used for more than 80 years to protect against tuberculosis. Worldwide, over 90% of children are immunized with BCG, making it the most commonly administered Vaccine, with more than 120 million doses used each year. Although new tuberculosis Vaccines are under investigation, BCG will remain the cornerstone of the strategy to fight the worsening tuberculosis pandemic for the foreseeable future. The recent delineation of genetic differences between BCG Vaccine strains has renewed interest in the influence of the Vaccine strain on the protective efficacy against tuberculosis. This review critically examines the data from animal and human studies comparing BCG Vaccine strains. Although there is good evidence to support the notion that the induced immune response and protection afforded against tuberculosis differs between BCG Vaccine strains, currently, there are insufficient data to favour or recommend one particular strain. Identifying BCG strains with superior protection would have a dramatic effect on tuberculosis control at a population level: a small increment in protection provided by BCG immunization will prevent large numbers of cases of severe tuberculosis and deaths, particularly in children.
Netti Suharti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Perbedaan Kadar Interferon Gamma dan Interleukin-10 pada Orang Dewasa Terinfeksi Ascaris Lumbricoides dengan Tidak Terinfeksi yang Diinduksi Vaksin Bacille Calmette-Guerin
Universitas Andalas, 2016Co-Authors: Weni Mulyani, Nuzulia Irawati, Netti SuhartiAbstract:AbstrakKecacingan merupakan penyakit yang masih banyak di negara berkembang. Penyakit ini dapat menimbulkan gangguan gizi, pertumbuhan dan penurunan produktifitas kerja. Infeksi cacing dapat menimbulkan penurunan respon terhadap antigen sebagai akibat modified Th2 response. Vaksin BCG merupakan antigen yang dikenal sebagai penginduksi respon sel Th1. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan perbedaan kadar IFN-γ dan IL-10 antara orang dewasa terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dan tidak terinfeksi yang diinduksi vaksi BCG. Penelitian dilakukan di Kelurahan Muara Fajar Kecamatan Rumbai Pesisir Pekanbaru dengan menggunakan rancangan cross sectinal study. Populasi penelitian adalah orang dewasa kelurahan Muara Fajar Kecamatan Rumbai Pesisir Pekanbaru yang terinfeksi dan tidak terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides. Status kecacingan didapatkan dari pemeriksaan feses dengan metode kato-katz. Kadar IFN-γ dan IL-10 didapatkan dengan pemeriksaan laboratorium dengan metode ELISA. Pengolahan dan analisa data menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rerata kadar IFN-γ adalah 16,55±14,13 pg/mg dan kadar IL-10 36,13±8,83 pg/ml. Pada orang dewasa yang tidak terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides didapatkan kadar rerata IFN-γ adalah 199,36±121,86 pg/ml dan kadar IL-10 10,57±9,20 pg/ml. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar IFN-γ dan IL-10 antara orang dewasa yang terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dengan tidak terinfeksi (p<0,05). Kesimpulan ialah infeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dapat menekan produksi IFN-γ terhadap pemberian vaksin BCG.Kata Kunci: ascaris lumbricoides, vaksin BCG, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin 10 (IL-10) AbstractWorm infestation is a disease that often occur in the develop country. This disease can makes nutrient’s disturbance, growth’s and low work productivity. Worm infection can also make low respond on antigen because of modified Th2 response. BCG Vaccine is antigen that can induce Th1 cell respond. The objective of this study was to determine the difference between IFN-γ and IL-10 on adult who infected Ascaris lumbricoides and uninfected who inducted by BCG Vaccine. This cross sectinal study conducted in Muara Fajar District in Rumbai Pesisir Pekanbaru. The population were adults in Muara Fajar district Rumbai Pesisir Pekanbaru who infected and uninfected Ascaris lumbricoides. Worm infection was getting checked in fesses by kato-katz method. IFN-y and IL-10 were getting laboratory checked by ELISA method. The data was analyzed by t-test. The result of the adult who infected Ascaris lumbricoides showed the mean IFN-y is 16.55±14.13 pg/mg and IL-10 36.13±8.83 pg/ml. The result on adult who uninfected Ascaris lumbricoides showed the mean IFN-y is 199,36±121,86 pg/ml and IL-10 10.57±9.20 pg/ml. There was significant difference IFN-y and IL-10 between adult who infected Ascaris lumbricoides with uninfected (p<0,05). It can be concluded that infect Ascaris lumbricoides can pressure IFN-y production on given BCG Vaccine. Keywords: Ascaris lumbricoides, BCG Vaccine, Interfereon gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin 10 (IL-10)
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Perbedaan Kadar Interferon Gamma dan Interleukin-10 pada Orang Dewasa Terinfeksi Ascaris Lumbricoides dengan Tidak Terinfeksi yang Diinduksi Vaksin Bacille Calmette-Guerin
Universitas Andalas, 2015Co-Authors: Weni Mulyani, Nuzulia Irawati, Netti SuhartiAbstract:Abstrak Kecacingan merupakan penyakit yang masih banyak di negara berkembang. Infeksi cacing dapat menimbulkan penurunan respon terhadap antigen yang terjadi akibat modified Th2 response. Vaksin BCG merupakan antigen yang dikenal sebagai penginduksi respon sel Th1. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar IFN-γdan IL-10 pada orang dewasa terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dengan tidak terinfeksi yang diinduksi vaksi BCG.Penelitian dilakukan di Kelurahan Muara Fajar Kecamatan Rumbai Pesisir Pekanbaru dengan menggunakan rancangan cross sectinal study. Populasi penelitian ini adalah orang dewasa kelurahan Muara Fajar KecamatanRumbai Pesisir Pekanbaru yang terinfeksi dan tidak terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides. Status kecacingan didapatkan dari pemeriksaan feses dengan metode kato-katz. Kadar IFN-γ dan IL-10 didapatkan dengan pemeriksaan laboratorium dengan metode ELISA. Pengolahan dan analisa data menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rerata kadar IFNγ adalah 16,55±14,13 pg/mg dan kadar IL-10 36,13±8,83 pg/ml. Pada orang dewasa yang tidak terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides didapatkan kadar rata-rata IFN-γ adalah 199,36±121,86 pg/ml dan kadar IL-10 10,57±9,20 pg/ml.Terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar IFN-γ dan IL-10 antara orang dewasa yang terinfeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dengan tidak terinfeksi (p<0,05). Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini ialah infeksi Ascaris lumbricoides dapat menekan produksi IFN-γ terhadap pemberian vaksin BCG.Kata kunci: ascaris lumbricoides, vaksin BCG, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin 10 (IL-10) Abstract Worm infestation still happened in the develop country. Worm infection can also make low respond on antigen that is caused by modified Th2 response. BCG Vaccine is antigen as known as induction Th1 cell respond. The objective of this study was to know the differences IFN-γ and IL-10 an adult who infected Ascaris lumbricoides to uninfected who inducted by BCG Vaccine. The research was conducted in Muara Fajar district Rumbai PesisirPekanbaru by Cross Sectinal Study. The research population were adults in Muara Fajar district Rumbai Pesisir Pekanbaru who infected and uninfected Ascaris lumbricoides. Worm infection was getting checked in fesses by katokatz method.IFN-y and IL-10 were getting laboratory checked by ELISA method.The data was analyzed by t-tes. The mean IFN-y of the adult who infected Ascaris lumbricoides were 16.55±14.13 pg/mg and IL-10 36.13±8.83 pg/ml and the adult who uninfected Ascaris lumbricoides were 199,36±121,86 pg/ml and IL-10 10.57±9.20 pg/ml. There was significant difference of IFN-y and IL-10 between adult who infected Ascaris lumbricoides with uninfected (p<0,05). It can be concluded that Ascaris lumbricoides infection can pressure IFN-y production on given BCG Vaccine. Keywords: ascaris lumbricoides, BCG Vaccine, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin 10 (IL-10)
Stefan H E Kaufmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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novel approaches to tuberculosis Vaccine development
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Stefan H E Kaufmann, January Weiner, Fordham C Von ReynAbstract:Tuberculosis (TB) remains the deadliest infectious disease. The widely used bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Vaccine offers only limited protection against TB. New Vaccine candidates for TB include subunit Vaccines and inactivated whole-cell Vaccines, as well as live mycobacterial Vaccines. Current developments in TB Vaccines are summarized in this review.
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safety and immunogenicity of the recombinant mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine vpm1002 in hiv unexposed newborn infants in south africa
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2017Co-Authors: Andre G Loxton, Leander Grode, Bernd Eisele, Julia K Knaul, Andrea Gutschmidt, Christiane Meller, Hilary Johnstone, Gian D Van Der Spuy, Jeroen Maertzdorf, Stefan H E KaufmannAbstract:Tuberculosis is a global threat to which infants are especially vulnerable. Effective Vaccines are required to protect infants from this devastating disease. VPM1002, a novel recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Vaccine previously shown to be safe and immunogenic in adults, was evaluated for safety in its intended target population, namely, newborn infants in a region with high prevalence of tuberculosis. A total of 48 newborns were vaccinated intradermally with VPM1002 (n = 36) or BCG Danish strain (n = 12) in a phase II open-labeled, randomized trial with a 6-month follow-up period. Clinical and laboratory measures of safety were evaluated during this time. In addition, Vaccine-induced immune responses to mycobacteria were analyzed in whole-blood stimulation and proliferation assays. The safety parameters and immunogenicity were comparable in the two groups. Both Vaccines induced interleukin-17 (IL-17) responses; however, VPM1002 vaccination led to an increase of CD8+ IL-17+ T cells at the week 16 and month 6 time points. The incidence of abscess formation was lower for VPM1002 than for BCG. We conclude that VPM1002 is a safe, well-tolerated, and immunogenic Vaccine in newborn infants, confirming results from previous trials in adults. These results strongly support further evaluation of the safety and efficacy of this vaccination in larger studies. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01479972.).
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safety and immunogenicity of the recombinant mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine vpm1002 in hiv unexposed newborn infants in south africa
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2017Co-Authors: Andre G Loxton, Leander Grode, Bernd Eisele, Julia K Knaul, Andrea Gutschmidt, Christiane Meller, Hilary Johnstone, Gian D Van Der Spuy, Jeroen Maertzdorf, Stefan H E KaufmannAbstract:Background : Tuberculosis is a global threat to which infants are especially vulnerable. Effective Vaccines are required to protect infants from this devastating disease. VPM1002, a novel recombinant Bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG) Vaccine, previously shown to be safe and immunogenic in adults, was evaluated for safety in its intended target population, namely newborn infants in a region with high prevalence of tuberculosis. Methods : A total of forty-eight newborns were vaccinated intradermally with VPM1002 (n=36) or BCG Danish strain (n=12) in a Phase II open-labelled, randomized trial with a 6 month follow-up period. Clinical and laboratory measures of safety were evaluated during this time. In addition, Vaccine-induced immune responses to mycobacteria were analyzed in whole blood stimulation and proliferation assays. Results : Safety parameters and immunogenicity were comparable in the two groups. Both Vaccines induced IL-17 responses; however, VPM1002 vaccination led to an increase of CD8 + IL-17 + T-cells at week 16 and month 6 time points. The incidence of abscess formation was lower for VPM1002 than for BCG. Conclusions : VPM1002 is a safe, well tolerated and immunogenic Vaccine in newborn infants, confirming results from previous trials in adults. These results strongly support further evaluation of the safety and efficacy of this vaccination in larger studies.
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safety and immunogenicity of the recombinant BCG Vaccine vpm1002 in a phase 1 open label randomized clinical trial
Vaccine, 2013Co-Authors: Leander Grode, Christian A Ganoza, Christiane Brohm, January Weiner, Bernd Eisele, Stefan H E KaufmannAbstract:Abstract Background Current vaccination using Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), fails to prevent pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). New vaccination strategies are essential for reducing the global incidence of TB. We assessed the safety and immunogenicity of VPM1002, a recombinant BCG Vaccine candidate. EudraCT (2007-002789-37) and ClinicalTrials.gov ( NCT00749034 ). Methods Healthy volunteers were enrolled in a phase 1 open-label, dose escalation randomized clinical trial, and received one intradermal dose of VPM1002 ( Mycobacterium bovis BCG ΔureC :: hly Hm R ) or BCG. Immunogenicity was assessed by interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production, cellular immune response markers by flow cytometry and serum antibodies against mycobacterial antigens. Results Eighty volunteers were randomized into two groups according to previous BCG vaccination and mycobacterial exposure (BCG-naive, n = 40 and BCG-immune, n = 40). In each group, 30 individuals were vaccinated with VPM1002 (randomized to three escalating doses) and 10 with BCG. VPM1002 was safe and stimulated IFN-γ-producing and multifunctional T cells, as well as antibody-producing B cells in BCG-naive and BCG-immune individuals. Conclusions VPM1002 was safe and immunogenic for B-cell and T-cell responses and hence will be brought forward through the clinical trial pipeline.
Nicole Ritz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the influence of bacille calmette guerin Vaccine strain on the immune response against tuberculosis a randomized trial
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Nicole Ritz, Willem A. Hanekom, Marc Tebruegge, Tom G Connell, Roy M Robinsbrowne, Warwick J Britton, Binita Dutta, Susan Donath, Dan Casalaz, Nigel CurtisAbstract:Rationale: Approximately 100 million doses of bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Vaccine are given each year to protect against tuberculosis (TB). More than 20 genetically distinct BCG Vaccine strains are in use worldwide. Previous studies suggest that BCG Vaccine strain influences the immune response and protection against TB. Current data on which BCG Vaccine strain induces the optimal immune response in humans are insufficient.Objectives: To compare the immune response to three different BCG Vaccine strains given to infants at birth.Methods: Newborn infants in a tertiary women's hospital were immunized at birth with one of three BCG Vaccine strains. A stratified randomization according to the mother's region of birth was used.Measurements and Main Results: The presence of mycobacterial-specific polyfunctional CD4 T cells measured by flow cytometry 10 weeks after immunization. Of the 209 infants immunized, data from 164 infants were included in the final analysis (BCG-Denmark, n = 54; BCG-Japan, n = 54; BCG-...
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susceptibility of mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine strains to antituberculous antibiotics
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2009Co-Authors: Nicole Ritz, Marc Tebruegge, Tom G Connell, Aina Sievers, Roy M Robinsbrowne, Nigel CurtisAbstract:Mycobacterium bovis BCG is one of the most commonly administered Vaccines. Complications, including disseminated BCG disease, are rare but increasingly reported in immunodeficient children. There is growing recognition of the importance of differences between BCG Vaccine strains. We determined the susceptibilities of five genetically distinct BCG Vaccine strains to 12 antituberculous drugs.
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influence of BCG Vaccine strain on the immune response and protection against tuberculosis
Fems Microbiology Reviews, 2008Co-Authors: Willem A. Hanekom, Nicole Ritz, Roy M Robinsbrowne, Nigel Curtis, Warwick J BrittonAbstract:The Bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG) Vaccine has been used for more than 80 years to protect against tuberculosis. Worldwide, over 90% of children are immunized with BCG, making it the most commonly administered Vaccine, with more than 120 million doses used each year. Although new tuberculosis Vaccines are under investigation, BCG will remain the cornerstone of the strategy to fight the worsening tuberculosis pandemic for the foreseeable future. The recent delineation of genetic differences between BCG Vaccine strains has renewed interest in the influence of the Vaccine strain on the protective efficacy against tuberculosis. This review critically examines the data from animal and human studies comparing BCG Vaccine strains. Although there is good evidence to support the notion that the induced immune response and protection afforded against tuberculosis differs between BCG Vaccine strains, currently, there are insufficient data to favour or recommend one particular strain. Identifying BCG strains with superior protection would have a dramatic effect on tuberculosis control at a population level: a small increment in protection provided by BCG immunization will prevent large numbers of cases of severe tuberculosis and deaths, particularly in children.
Marc Tebruegge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mycobacterium ulcerans specific immune response after immunisation with bacillus calmette guerin BCG Vaccine
Vaccine, 2021Co-Authors: Laure F Pittet, Willem A. Hanekom, Marc Tebruegge, Binita Dutta, Susan Donath, Nicole L Messina, Dan Casalaz, Warwick J BrittonAbstract:Abstract Background Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) Vaccine provides partial protection against Buruli ulcer caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans in epidemiological studies. This study aimed to quantify M. ulcerans-specific immune responses induced by BCG immunisation. Methods Intracellular cytokine analysis of in-vitro experiments done 10 weeks after BCG immunisation in 130 Australian infants randomised to one of three BCG Vaccine strains given either at birth (BCG-Denmark, BCG-Japan, or BCG-Russia) or at two months of age (BCG-Denmark). Results Proportions of polyfunctional CD4+ T-cells were higher in M. ulcerans-stimulated compared to unstimulated control samples. These proportions were not influenced by the Vaccine strain or timing of the immunisation. The M. ulcerans-specific immune responses showed similar patterns to those observed in M. tuberculosis-stimulated samples, although they were of lower magnitude. Conclusions Our data show that BCG immunisation induces M. ulcerans-specific immune responses in infants, likely explaining the cross-protective effect observed in epidemiological studies. (ACTRN12608000227392)
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the influence of bacille calmette guerin Vaccine strain on the immune response against tuberculosis a randomized trial
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Nicole Ritz, Willem A. Hanekom, Marc Tebruegge, Tom G Connell, Roy M Robinsbrowne, Warwick J Britton, Binita Dutta, Susan Donath, Dan Casalaz, Nigel CurtisAbstract:Rationale: Approximately 100 million doses of bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Vaccine are given each year to protect against tuberculosis (TB). More than 20 genetically distinct BCG Vaccine strains are in use worldwide. Previous studies suggest that BCG Vaccine strain influences the immune response and protection against TB. Current data on which BCG Vaccine strain induces the optimal immune response in humans are insufficient.Objectives: To compare the immune response to three different BCG Vaccine strains given to infants at birth.Methods: Newborn infants in a tertiary women's hospital were immunized at birth with one of three BCG Vaccine strains. A stratified randomization according to the mother's region of birth was used.Measurements and Main Results: The presence of mycobacterial-specific polyfunctional CD4 T cells measured by flow cytometry 10 weeks after immunization. Of the 209 infants immunized, data from 164 infants were included in the final analysis (BCG-Denmark, n = 54; BCG-Japan, n = 54; BCG-...
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susceptibility of mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine strains to antituberculous antibiotics
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2009Co-Authors: Nicole Ritz, Marc Tebruegge, Tom G Connell, Aina Sievers, Roy M Robinsbrowne, Nigel CurtisAbstract:Mycobacterium bovis BCG is one of the most commonly administered Vaccines. Complications, including disseminated BCG disease, are rare but increasingly reported in immunodeficient children. There is growing recognition of the importance of differences between BCG Vaccine strains. We determined the susceptibilities of five genetically distinct BCG Vaccine strains to 12 antituberculous drugs.