Biochemical Oxygen Demand measurement by mediator method in flow system

Abstract Using mediator as electron acceptor for Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) measurement was developed in the last decade (BODMed). However, until now, no BODMed in a flow system has been reported. This work for the first time describes a flow system of BODMed method (BODMed-FS) by using potassium ferricyanide as mediator and carbon fiber felt as substrate material for microbial immobilization. The system can determine the BOD value within 30 min and possesses a wider analytical linear range for measuring glucose–glutamic acid (GGA) standard solution from 2 up to 200 mg L−1 without the need of dilution. The analytical performance of the BODMed-FS is comparable or better than that of the previously reported BODMed method, especially its superior long-term stability up to 2 months under continuous operation. Moreover, the BODMed-FS has same determination accuracy with the conventional BOD5 method by measuring real samples from a local wastewater treatment plant (WWTP).

immobilized multi species based biosensor for rapid Biochemical Oxygen Demand measurement

To improve the practicability of rapid Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) method, we proposed a stable BUD sensor based on immobilizing multi-species BODseed for wastewater monitoring in the flow system. The activation time of the biofilm was greatly shortened for the biofilm prepared by BODseed in the organic-inorganic hybrid material. Some influence factors such as temperature, pH, and concentration of phosphate buffer solution (PBS) were investigated in detail in which high tolerance to environment was validated for the BOD sensor permitted a wide pH and PBS concentration ranges. The minimum detectable BOD was around 0.5 mg/l BOD under the optimized 1.0 mg/ml BODseed immobilized concentration. The as-prepared BOD sensor exhibited excellent stability and reproducibility for different samples. Furthermore, the as-prepared BOO biosensor displayed a notable advantage in indiscriminate biodegradation to different organic compounds and their mixture, similar to the character of conventional BOD(5) results. The results of the BUD sensor method are well agreed with those obtained from conventional BOD(5) method for wastewater samples. The proposed rapid BUD sensor method should be promising in practical application of wastewater monitoring. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

immobilized multi species based biosensor for rapid Biochemical Oxygen Demand measurement

To improve the practicability of rapid Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) method, we proposed a stable BOD sensor based on immobilizing multi-species BODseed for wastewater monitoring in the flow system. The activation time of the biofilm was greatly shortened for the biofilm prepared by BODseed in the organic-inorganic hybrid material. Some influence factors such as temperature, pH, and concentration of phosphate buffer solution (PBS) were investigated in detail in which high tolerance to environment was validated for the BOD sensor permitted a wide pH and PBS concentration ranges. The minimum detectable BOD was around 0.5 mg/l BOD under the optimized 1.0 mg/ml BODseed immobilized concentration. The as-prepared BOD sensor exhibited excellent stability and reproducibility for different samples. Furthermore, the as-prepared BOD biosensor displayed a notable advantage in indiscriminate biodegradation to different organic compounds and their mixture, similar to the character of conventional BOD(5) results. The results of the BOD sensor method are well agreed with those obtained from conventional BOD(5) method for wastewater samples. The proposed rapid BOD sensor method should be promising in practical application of wastewater monitoring.

Handbook of Biosensors and Biochips – Environmental Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Related Measurement

Biosensors are often used for environmental analyses such as Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) measurements since they can measure or detect pollutants without the special techniques required by conventional methods. Many types of biosensors such as microbial sensors, enzyme sensors, and immunosensors have been developed, and microbial sensors (whole-cell sensors) are very suitable for environmental monitoring because of their stability. This section describes the BOD sensor as the first microbial sensor or whole-cell sensor; a few other related microbial sensors are also discussed.

Keywords:

Biochemical Oxygen Demand;
BOD sensor;
microbial sensor;
whole-cell sensor;
Oxygen electrode;
mediator;
wastewater;
river water

A chemiluminescence Biochemical Oxygen Demand measuring method.

Abstract A new chemiluminescence Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD CL ) determining method was studied by employing redox reaction between quinone and Baker’s yeast. The measurement was carried out by utilizing luminol chemiluminescence (CL) reaction catalyzed by ferricyanide with oxidized quinone of menadione, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae using a batch-type luminometer. In this study, dimethyl sulfoxide was used as a solvent for menadione. After optimization of the measuring conditions, the CL response to hydrogen peroxide in the incubation mixture had a linear response between 0.1 and 100 μM H 2 O 2 ( r 2  = 0.9999, 8 points, n  = 3, average of relative standard deviation; R.S.D. av  = 4.22%). Next, a practical relationship between the BOD CL response and the glucose glutamic acid concentration was obtained over a range of 11–220 mg O 2  L −1 (6 points, n  = 3, R.S.D. av 3.71%) with a detection limit of 5.5 mg O 2  L −1 when using a reaction mixture and incubating for only 5 min. Subsequently, the characterization of this method was studied. First, the BOD CL responses to 16 pure organic substances were examined. Second, the influences of chloride ions, artificial seawater, and heavy metal ions on the BOD CL response were investigated. Real sample measurements using river water were performed. Finally, BOD CL responses were obtained for at least 8 days when the S. cerevisia e suspension was stored at 4 °C (response reduction, 69.9%; R.S.D. for 5 testing days, 18.7%). BOD CL responses after 8 days and 24 days were decreased to 69.9% and 35.8%, respectively, from their original values (R.S.D. for 8 days involving 5 testing days, 18.7%).

Development of photocatalytic biosensor for the evaluation of Biochemical Oxygen Demand.

Abstract The photocatalytic biosensor of flow system using semiconductor TiO 2 was developed to evaluate Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) levels in river water. Photocatalysis of sample was carried out in a photoreactor with TiO 2 and a 6 W black-light blue fluorescent tube as light source. Sample from a photoreactor outlet was measured by an Oxygen electrode with a biofilm. The sensor response of photocatalytic biosensor was between 5 and 10 min depending on concentration of Biochemical in the samples. At BOD of 1 mg l −1 , the sensor response increased 1.33-fold in comparison with that without photocatalysis. The degradation of tannic acid and humic acid with photocatalysis were 51.8 and 38.4%, respectively. Gum arabic and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) were degraded a little, but gave the responses of more than double to the sensor. Free radicals yielded by photocatalysis in a photoreactor did not affect the sensor response because their lifetime is extremely short. Fairly good correlation ( r  = 0.983) between the sensor method and the conventional method was obtained for test samples. This biosensor using photocatalytic pretreatment improved the sensitivity.

immobilized multi species based biosensor for rapid Biochemical Oxygen Demand measurement

To improve the practicability of rapid Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) method, we proposed a stable BUD sensor based on immobilizing multi-species BODseed for wastewater monitoring in the flow system. The activation time of the biofilm was greatly shortened for the biofilm prepared by BODseed in the organic-inorganic hybrid material. Some influence factors such as temperature, pH, and concentration of phosphate buffer solution (PBS) were investigated in detail in which high tolerance to environment was validated for the BOD sensor permitted a wide pH and PBS concentration ranges. The minimum detectable BOD was around 0.5 mg/l BOD under the optimized 1.0 mg/ml BODseed immobilized concentration. The as-prepared BOD sensor exhibited excellent stability and reproducibility for different samples. Furthermore, the as-prepared BOO biosensor displayed a notable advantage in indiscriminate biodegradation to different organic compounds and their mixture, similar to the character of conventional BOD(5) results. The results of the BUD sensor method are well agreed with those obtained from conventional BOD(5) method for wastewater samples. The proposed rapid BUD sensor method should be promising in practical application of wastewater monitoring. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

immobilized multi species based biosensor for rapid Biochemical Oxygen Demand measurement

To improve the practicability of rapid Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) method, we proposed a stable BOD sensor based on immobilizing multi-species BODseed for wastewater monitoring in the flow system. The activation time of the biofilm was greatly shortened for the biofilm prepared by BODseed in the organic-inorganic hybrid material. Some influence factors such as temperature, pH, and concentration of phosphate buffer solution (PBS) were investigated in detail in which high tolerance to environment was validated for the BOD sensor permitted a wide pH and PBS concentration ranges. The minimum detectable BOD was around 0.5 mg/l BOD under the optimized 1.0 mg/ml BODseed immobilized concentration. The as-prepared BOD sensor exhibited excellent stability and reproducibility for different samples. Furthermore, the as-prepared BOD biosensor displayed a notable advantage in indiscriminate biodegradation to different organic compounds and their mixture, similar to the character of conventional BOD(5) results. The results of the BOD sensor method are well agreed with those obtained from conventional BOD(5) method for wastewater samples. The proposed rapid BOD sensor method should be promising in practical application of wastewater monitoring.