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Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a modified daem to study the Bioenergy Potential of invasive staghorn sumac through pyrolysis ann tga kinetic modeling ftir and gc ms analysis
    Energy Conversion and Management, 2020
    Co-Authors: Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Hesham Alhumade, Agah Yildiz, Ali Elkamel, Muddasar Hussain Tahir, Gulce Cakman, Selim Ceylan, Boxiong Shen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Biomass is deemed to be an important contributor to satisfy our energy, chemicals and material requirements throughout the world. The present study aimed to study the Bioenergy Potential of Staghorn Sumac (SS) through modified distributed activation energy model (DAEM), kinetic models, thermogravimetric analyzer, elemental analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Pyrolysis experiments were carried out at the different heating rates of 10, 20, 30 and 40 °C min−1 to study kinetics. The average activation energy values achieved through DAEM, KAS, FWO and Starink models were 160, 167, 169, and 168 kJ mol−1, respectively. Additionally, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was equated with modified DAEM. Moreover, The composition of evolved gas compound measured by a gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy showed that bio-oil mainly consisted of 82.33% acid, 6.37% aldehyde and ketone, 4.96% amid, 2.76% ester, 2.07% aromatic and alcohols, and 1.52% other groups. This study has revealed the remarkable Potentials of Staghorn Sumac for clean Bioenergy production.

  • Pyrolysis and Thermogravimetric Study to Elucidate the Bioenergy Potential of Novel Feedstock Produced on Poor Soils While Keeping the Environmental Sustainability Intact
    Sustainability, 2019
    Co-Authors: Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood, Huibo Luo, Boxiong Shen, Muhammad Latif, Wan Azlina Wan Ab Karim Ghani, Nuha Abdulhamid Alkhattabi, Akram Ahmed Aloqbi, Ebtihaj Jamaluddin Jambi, Munazza Gull
    Abstract:

    This work focused on exploring the Bioenergy Potential of biomass produced on salt-affected soils by growing two types of grasses, namely Parthenium hysterophorus (carrot grass) and Pennesetum benthiumo (mott grass), without using fertilizers or pesticides. The whole plant biomass of both grasses was pyrolyzed at three heating rates (10, 30, and 50 °C min−1) in a joined Thermogravimetry–Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TGA–DSC) analyzer under an inert (nitrogen) environment. The pyrolysis of both grasses was shown to occur in a three-stage process, while most of the thermal transformation occurred at the temperature range of 240–400 °C. The pyrolytic behavior was assessed by estimating the kinetic parameters, using the isoconversional models of Kissenger–Akahira–Sunose and Ozawa–Flynn–Wall. The average values of the activation energy of carrot and mott grasses were shown to be 267 kJ mol−1 (R2 ≥ 0.98) and 188 kJ mol−1 (R2 ≥ 0.98), indicating the suitability of both grasses for co-pyrolysis. Whereas, the difference in the values of enthalpy change and the activation energy was shown to be

  • investigation of pyrolysis kinetics and thermal behavior of invasive reed canary phalaris arundinacea for Bioenergy Potential
    Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2019
    Co-Authors: Hesham Alhumade, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Gulce Cakma, Agah Yildiz, Selim Ceyla, Ali Elkamel
    Abstract:

    Abstract The present study investigates the pyrolysis kinetic and thermal behavior of Invasive Reed Canary (Phalaris arundinacea) and evaluate the Potential of the biomass as a Bioenergy feedstock. The biomass sample was collected from wild areas of Ontario, Canada. Thermal degradation analysis were conducted by exposing the dried and powdered biomass to four heating rates (10, 20, 30 and 40 K min-1) using a Thermogravimetric Analyzer in an inert environment. Thermal data was utilized to explain the reaction chemistry using iso-conversional models of Kissenger-Akahira-Sunose (KSA), Starink and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO). Evaluation of the kinetic parameters such as the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor illustrates the promising Bioenergy Potential of the biomass. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Gas chromatography techniques indicate existence of valuable pyrolysis products such as aliphatic hydrocarbons. Low cost in addition to the abundance of the biomass may facilitates the consumption of the biomass for Bioenergy application in cost efficient and environmental friendly manners.

  • Bioenergy Potential of red macroalgae Gelidium floridanum by pyrolysis: Evaluation of kinetic triplet and thermodynamics parameters.
    Bioresource Technology, 2019
    Co-Authors: José Luiz Francisco Alves, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Valdemar Francisco Silva Filho, Ricardo Francisco Alves, Wendell Venicio Araujo Galdino, Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Sarfraz Ahmad, Rennio Felix Sena
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the Bioenergy Potential of red macroalgae GF by evaluating its biofuel physicochemical characteristics, and conducting a kinetic study and thermodynamic analysis of pyrolysis for the first time. The thermal decomposition study was performed at low heating rates (5, 10, 20 and 30 °C min−1) under N2 atmosphere. The thermal behavior of GF pyrolysis indicated the presence of three different decomposition stages, which are associated with different components in its structure and consequently influence the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. The kinetic triplet obtained for GF provided a suitable description of experimental thermal behavior. The thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that GF is as a new promising feedstock for Bioenergy and presented a similar Potential to well-known Bioenergy feedstock.

  • Bioenergy Potential of Wolffia arrhiza appraised through pyrolysis, kinetics, thermodynamics parameters and TG-FTIR-MS study of the evolved gases.
    Bioresource Technology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood, Chen-guang Liu, Abdul Tawab, Fengwu Bai, Chularat Sakdaronnarong, Sawsan Abdulaziz Rahimuddin, Munazza Gull
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study evaluated the Bioenergy Potential of Wolffia arrhiza via pyrolysis. The biomass was collected from the pond receiving city wastewater. Oven dried powdered biomass was exposed to thermal degradation at three heating rates (10, 30 and 50° C min−1) using Thermogravimetry–Differential Scanning Calorimetry analyzer in an inert environment. Data obtained were subjected to the isoconversional models of Kissenger-Akahira-Sunose (KSA) and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) to elucidate the reaction chemistry. Kinetic parameters including, Ea (136–172 kJmol−1) and Gibb’s free energy (171 kJmol−1) showed the remarkable Bioenergy Potential of the biomass. The average enthalpies indicated that the product formation is favored during pyrolysis. Advanced coupled TG-FTIR-MS analyses showed the evolved gases to contain the compounds containing C O functional groups (aldehydes, ketones), aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons as major pyrolytic products. This low-cost abundant biomass may be used to produce energy and chemicals in a cost-efficient and environmentally friendly way.

Muhammad Aamer Mehmood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Pyrolysis and Thermogravimetric Study to Elucidate the Bioenergy Potential of Novel Feedstock Produced on Poor Soils While Keeping the Environmental Sustainability Intact
    Sustainability, 2019
    Co-Authors: Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood, Huibo Luo, Boxiong Shen, Muhammad Latif, Wan Azlina Wan Ab Karim Ghani, Nuha Abdulhamid Alkhattabi, Akram Ahmed Aloqbi, Ebtihaj Jamaluddin Jambi, Munazza Gull
    Abstract:

    This work focused on exploring the Bioenergy Potential of biomass produced on salt-affected soils by growing two types of grasses, namely Parthenium hysterophorus (carrot grass) and Pennesetum benthiumo (mott grass), without using fertilizers or pesticides. The whole plant biomass of both grasses was pyrolyzed at three heating rates (10, 30, and 50 °C min−1) in a joined Thermogravimetry–Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TGA–DSC) analyzer under an inert (nitrogen) environment. The pyrolysis of both grasses was shown to occur in a three-stage process, while most of the thermal transformation occurred at the temperature range of 240–400 °C. The pyrolytic behavior was assessed by estimating the kinetic parameters, using the isoconversional models of Kissenger–Akahira–Sunose and Ozawa–Flynn–Wall. The average values of the activation energy of carrot and mott grasses were shown to be 267 kJ mol−1 (R2 ≥ 0.98) and 188 kJ mol−1 (R2 ≥ 0.98), indicating the suitability of both grasses for co-pyrolysis. Whereas, the difference in the values of enthalpy change and the activation energy was shown to be

  • Bioenergy Potential of Wolffia arrhiza appraised through pyrolysis, kinetics, thermodynamics parameters and TG-FTIR-MS study of the evolved gases.
    Bioresource Technology, 2018
    Co-Authors: Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood, Chen-guang Liu, Abdul Tawab, Fengwu Bai, Chularat Sakdaronnarong, Sawsan Abdulaziz Rahimuddin, Munazza Gull
    Abstract:

    Abstract This study evaluated the Bioenergy Potential of Wolffia arrhiza via pyrolysis. The biomass was collected from the pond receiving city wastewater. Oven dried powdered biomass was exposed to thermal degradation at three heating rates (10, 30 and 50° C min−1) using Thermogravimetry–Differential Scanning Calorimetry analyzer in an inert environment. Data obtained were subjected to the isoconversional models of Kissenger-Akahira-Sunose (KSA) and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) to elucidate the reaction chemistry. Kinetic parameters including, Ea (136–172 kJmol−1) and Gibb’s free energy (171 kJmol−1) showed the remarkable Bioenergy Potential of the biomass. The average enthalpies indicated that the product formation is favored during pyrolysis. Advanced coupled TG-FTIR-MS analyses showed the evolved gases to contain the compounds containing C O functional groups (aldehydes, ketones), aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons as major pyrolytic products. This low-cost abundant biomass may be used to produce energy and chemicals in a cost-efficient and environmentally friendly way.

  • Evaluating the Bioenergy Potential of Chinese Liquor-industry waste through pyrolysis, thermogravimetric, kinetics and evolved gas analyses
    Energy Conversion and Management, 2018
    Co-Authors: Huibo Luo, Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Chen-guang Liu, Abdul Tawab, Munazza Gull, Zhiqiang Ren, Ayat B. Al-ghafari, Ulfat M. Omar, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood
    Abstract:

    Abstract Baijiu (Chinese liquor) industry is the world-renowned industry to produce high-quality liquor using mixed biomass feedstocks including sorghum, wheat, and rice bran. A huge amount of Baijiu Diuzao (residual solid waste) is produced every 1–3 months after the fermentation. The present study was focused on evaluating the Bioenergy Potential of the Chinese liquor industry waste for the very first time. The collected sample was subjected to thermal degradation in an inert environment at three heating rates including 10, 30 and 50 Kmin-1. It was shown that pyrolysis of this waste followed a three-stage degradation pattern, with a loss of 7.49% of the mass during the first stage at T ≤ 130 °C. While the second stage showed two zones ranging from 130 to 373 °C with an overall 51.12% of the mass loss. The third stage occurred above 373 °C and showed 16.08% loss in the mass. The released gases were subjected to TG-FTIR-MS analyses to monitor the composition and abundance of the gases where C O groups (aldehydes, ketonic and carboxylic) and hydrocarbons were shown to be the dominating functional groups. Moreover, the data were subjected to kinetics, thermodynamics and reaction mechanism analyses using KSA (Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose), FWO (Flynn-Wall-Ozawa), Vyazovkin and CR (Coats-Redfern) methods. Where, the activation energies (70–195 kJ mol−1), Gibbs free energy (177–185 kJ mol−1) and lower difference of enthalpy (ΔH = ∼5 kJ mol−1) indicated remarkable Bioenergy Potential of this waste either through pyrolysis or co-pyrolysis. The artificial neural network (R2 = 0.99) and reaction mechanism analyses indicated that the best thermal degradation chemistry was performed and described. This study will lead to establishing a thermal transformation strategy of this abundant and low-cost biological resource into energy and valuable chemicals in the cleanest manner.

  • pyrolysis kinetics analysis thermodynamics parameters and reaction mechanism of typha latifolia to evaluate its Bioenergy Potential
    Bioresource Technology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood, Sawsan Abdulaziz Rahimuddin, Ali Elkamel, Jianren Xu, Syed Taha Taqvi, Munazza Gull
    Abstract:

    Abstract This work was focused on understanding the pyrolysis of Typha latifolia. Kinetics, thermodynamics parameters and pyrolysis reaction mechanism were studied using thermogravimetric data. Based on activation energies and conversion points, two regions of pyrolysis were established. Region-I occurred between the conversion rate 0.1–0.4 with peak temperatures 538 K, 555 K, 556 K at the heating rates of 10 K min−1, 30 K min−1, and 50 K min−1, respectively. Similarly, the Region-II occurred between 0.4 and 0.8 with peak temperatures of 606 K, 621 K, 623 K at same heating rates. The best model was diffusion mechanism in Region-I. In Region-II, the reaction order was shown to be 2nd and 3rd. The values of activation energy calculated using FWO and KAS methods (134–204 kJ mol−1) remained same in both regions reflecting that the best reaction mechanism was predicted. Kinetics and thermodynamic parameters including E, ΔH, ΔS, ΔG shown that T. latifolia biomass is a remarkable feedstock for Bioenergy.

  • Thermogravimetric analyses revealed the Bioenergy Potential of Eulaliopsis binata
    Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2017
    Co-Authors: Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood, Muhammad Ibrahim, Umer Rashid, Ghulam Qadir, Omar S. Al Ayed, Huibo Luo, Imededdine Arbi Nehdi
    Abstract:

    The present study was focused on the thermal degradation of Eulaliopsis binata biomass produced on a salt-affected soil without any fertilizer or pesticide applications. The plant biomass was subjected to thermal degradation experiments at three heating rates, 10, 30 and 50 K min−1. The kinetic analyses were performed through isoconversional models of Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, followed by the calculation of thermodynamic parameters of activation. The high heating value was calculated as 15.10 MJ mol−1. The activation energy values of the grass were shown to be ranging from 118 through 240 kJ mol−1. Energy difference of enthalpies of activation between the reagent and the activated complex was in accordance with activation energies. Pre-exponential factors indicated the reaction to follow first-order kinetics. Gibbs free energy for the grass was measured to be ranging from 171 to 174 kJ mol−1. Our data have shown that E. binata biomass offers remarkable Potential as a low-cost biomass for Bioenergy.

Rennio Felix Sena - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Exploring Açaí Seed (Euterpe oleracea) Pyrolysis Using Multi-component Kinetics and Thermodynamics Assessment Towards Its Bioenergy Potential
    BioEnergy Research, 2020
    Co-Authors: José Luiz Francisco Alves, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Ricardo Francisco Alves, Silvia Layara Floriani Andersen, Michele Di Domenico, Wendell Venicio De Araujo Galdino, Rennio Felix Sena
    Abstract:

    The novelty of this study is that it presents the first in-depth evaluation of the kinetic triplet and thermodynamic parameters from the pyrolysis of açaí seed ( Euterpe oleracea ), which is the main biowaste from the açaí fruit processing industry. First, the physicochemical characteristics of the açaí seed, i.e., the proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, energy content, bulk density, and Bioenergy density, were determined. Thermogravimetric experiments were then conducted to evaluate the pyrolysis characteristics of the açaí seed, the kinetic triplet ( E _a, A , and f ( α )), and the thermodynamic parameters (Δ H , Δ S , and Δ G ). Three pseudo-components were distinguished from the açai seed pyrolysis profile using the asymmetric double sigmoidal (Asym2sig) function, which was described by the reaction model for the first order, third order, and eighth order, respectively. The Vyazovkin isoconversional method showed values of E _a ranging from 103 to 346 kJ mol^−1 for açaí seed pyrolysis. The kinetic expression was applied to reconstruct the experimental data used ( R ^2 > 0.9210) for the kinetic study and validated with a different experimental condition. The statistical test indicated no significant difference between experimental and calculated curves; therefore, the kinetic parameters are applicable to different thermal conditions. Physicochemical properties and thermodynamic parameters suggested that the açaí seed is a good candidate for Bioenergy conversion through pyrolysis. Açaí seed is a promising feedstock for Bioenergy production, as demonstrated by the kinetic and thermodynamic findings, and this information is important for advancing the design and scale-up of an açai seed pyrolysis process.

  • Determination of the Bioenergy Potential of Brazilian Pine-Fruit Shell via Pyrolysis Kinetics, Thermodynamic Study, and Evolved Gas Analysis
    BioEnergy Research, 2019
    Co-Authors: José Luiz Francisco Alves, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Valdemar Francisco Silva Filho, Ricardo Francisco Alves, Wendell Venicio Araujo Galdino, Silvia Layara Floriani Andersen, Rennio Felix Sena
    Abstract:

    This work provides the first study about the evaluation of the Bioenergy Potential of lignocellulosic waste from Brazilian pine-fruit shell ( Araucaria angustifolia ). Physicochemical characterization, evolved gas from pyrolysis, and kinetic and thermodynamic studies were performed. A thermogravimetric analyzer was used for the pyrolysis experiments, where the runs were performed under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 850 °C at different low heating rates (5, 10, 20, and 30 °C min^−1). The physicochemical characterization of Brazilian pine-fruit shell showed good applicability for the gasification process due to the high fixed carbon content. Similarly, the pyrolysis experiments and FTIR-evolved gas analysis indicate its great Potential for use as a solid biofuel. The kinetic study showed that the Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose method ( ε  = 0.07–0.11%) had a smaller relative error, when compared with the methods of Friedman ( ε  = 5.12–28.89%), Flynn–Wall–Ozawa ( ε  = 0.26–1.21%), and Starink ( ε  = 0.17%), and it was comparable to the Vyazovkin method ( ε  = 0.08–0.09%). Furthermore, the conversion rate curves obtained from kinetic parameters showed a satisfactory behavior, with a high regression coefficient ( R ^2 ≥ 0.9165), thus demonstrating the great applicability of the parameters for the design and optimization of the thermochemical system. The endothermic and nonspontaneous process was observed, based on the positive Δ H , positive Δ G , and positive Δ S values of Brazilian pine-fruit shell. The pyrolysis of Brazilian pine-fruit shell has been identified as a viable alternative for Bioenergy generation, acting as a solution for the final disposal of this agricultural waste biomass.

  • Determination of the Bioenergy Potential of Brazilian pine-fruit shell via pyrolysis kinetics, thermodynamic study, and evolved gas analysis.
    BioEnergy Research, 2019
    Co-Authors: José Luiz Francisco Alves, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Valdemar Francisco Silva Filho, Ricardo Francisco Alves, Wendell Venicio Araujo Galdino, Silvia Layara Floriani Andersen, Rennio Felix Sena
    Abstract:

    This work provides the first study about the evaluation of the Bioenergy Potential of lignocellulosic waste from Brazilian pine-fruit shell (Araucaria angustifolia). Physicochemical characterization, evolved gas from pyrolysis, and kinetic and thermodynamic studies were performed. A thermogravimetric analyzer was used for the pyrolysis experiments, where the runs were performed under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 850 °C at different low heating rates (5, 10, 20, and 30 °C min−1). The physicochemical characterization of Brazilian pine-fruit shell showed good applicability for the gasification process due to the high fixed carbon content. Similarly, the pyrolysis experiments and FTIR-evolved gas analysis indicate its great Potential for use as a solid biofuel. The kinetic study showed that the Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose method (e = 0.07–0.11%) had a smaller relative error, when compared with the methods of Friedman (e = 5.12–28.89%), Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (e = 0.26–1.21%), and Starink (e = 0.17%), and it was comparable to the Vyazovkin method (e = 0.08–0.09%). Furthermore, the conversion rate curves obtained from kinetic parameters showed a satisfactory behavior, with a high regression coefficient (R2 ≥ 0.9165), thus demonstrating the great applicability of the parameters for the design and optimization of the thermochemical system. The endothermic and nonspontaneous process was observed, based on the positive ΔH, positive ΔG, and positive ΔS values of Brazilian pine-fruit shell. The pyrolysis of Brazilian pine-fruit shell has been identified as a viable alternative for Bioenergy generation, acting as a solution for the final disposal of this agricultural waste biomass.

  • Bioenergy Potential of red macroalgae Gelidium floridanum by pyrolysis: Evaluation of kinetic triplet and thermodynamics parameters.
    Bioresource Technology, 2019
    Co-Authors: José Luiz Francisco Alves, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Valdemar Francisco Silva Filho, Ricardo Francisco Alves, Wendell Venicio Araujo Galdino, Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Sarfraz Ahmad, Rennio Felix Sena
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the Bioenergy Potential of red macroalgae GF by evaluating its biofuel physicochemical characteristics, and conducting a kinetic study and thermodynamic analysis of pyrolysis for the first time. The thermal decomposition study was performed at low heating rates (5, 10, 20 and 30 °C min−1) under N2 atmosphere. The thermal behavior of GF pyrolysis indicated the presence of three different decomposition stages, which are associated with different components in its structure and consequently influence the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. The kinetic triplet obtained for GF provided a suitable description of experimental thermal behavior. The thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that GF is as a new promising feedstock for Bioenergy and presented a similar Potential to well-known Bioenergy feedstock.

  • Kinetics and thermodynamics parameters evaluation of pyrolysis of invasive aquatic macrophytes to determine their Bioenergy Potentials
    Biomass and Bioenergy, 2019
    Co-Authors: José Luiz Francisco Alves, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Valdemar Francisco Silva Filho, Ricardo Francisco Alves, Wendell Venicio Araujo Galdino, Rennio Felix Sena
    Abstract:

    Abstract In the present study, the Bioenergy Potential of two invasive aquatic macrophytes, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and yellow velvetleaf (Limnocharis flava), were investigated through thermochemical characterization, kinetic study and thermodynamic analysis. Thermochemical characterization indicated that the two study specimens have a good Potential for use as abundant low-cost biomass to solid biofuel. Pyrolysis experiments were performed in a thermogravimetric analyzer under an inert environment at six low heating rates (5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 °C min−1). The thermal degradation of two invasive aquatic macrophytes exhibited a similar behavior, which occurs in multi-step events. Non-isothermal experimental data were used to analyze kinetic parameters through isoconversional methods: Friedman (FR), Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), Starink (STK) and Vyazovkin (VYA). The KAS, STK and VYA methods showed a similar value of Ea for water hyacinth and yellow velvetleaf (Ea(Stage1) = 92.58 and 160.66 kJ mol−1, Ea(Stage2) = 119.56 and 105.55 kJ mol−1, Ea(Stage3) = 229.07 and 160.99 kJ mol−1, respectively) due to the approximation equations have the lowest relative errors. The endothermic and non-spontaneous process occurred for the invasive aquatic macrophytes due to the positive ΔH, positive ΔG, and negative ΔS values. This study provides useful data for future simulation, design, optimization and scale-up of reactors for pyrolysis processes of invasive aquatic macrophytes. Sustainable, abundant and low-cost invasive aquatic macrophytes have considerable Bioenergy Potential comparable to established Bioenergy feedstock for Bioenergy production, and at the same time, acting as a solution to the problems caused by these invasive plants.

Ali Elkamel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a modified daem to study the Bioenergy Potential of invasive staghorn sumac through pyrolysis ann tga kinetic modeling ftir and gc ms analysis
    Energy Conversion and Management, 2020
    Co-Authors: Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Hesham Alhumade, Agah Yildiz, Ali Elkamel, Muddasar Hussain Tahir, Gulce Cakman, Selim Ceylan, Boxiong Shen
    Abstract:

    Abstract Biomass is deemed to be an important contributor to satisfy our energy, chemicals and material requirements throughout the world. The present study aimed to study the Bioenergy Potential of Staghorn Sumac (SS) through modified distributed activation energy model (DAEM), kinetic models, thermogravimetric analyzer, elemental analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Pyrolysis experiments were carried out at the different heating rates of 10, 20, 30 and 40 °C min−1 to study kinetics. The average activation energy values achieved through DAEM, KAS, FWO and Starink models were 160, 167, 169, and 168 kJ mol−1, respectively. Additionally, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was equated with modified DAEM. Moreover, The composition of evolved gas compound measured by a gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy showed that bio-oil mainly consisted of 82.33% acid, 6.37% aldehyde and ketone, 4.96% amid, 2.76% ester, 2.07% aromatic and alcohols, and 1.52% other groups. This study has revealed the remarkable Potentials of Staghorn Sumac for clean Bioenergy production.

  • investigation of pyrolysis kinetics and thermal behavior of invasive reed canary phalaris arundinacea for Bioenergy Potential
    Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2019
    Co-Authors: Hesham Alhumade, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Gulce Cakma, Agah Yildiz, Selim Ceyla, Ali Elkamel
    Abstract:

    Abstract The present study investigates the pyrolysis kinetic and thermal behavior of Invasive Reed Canary (Phalaris arundinacea) and evaluate the Potential of the biomass as a Bioenergy feedstock. The biomass sample was collected from wild areas of Ontario, Canada. Thermal degradation analysis were conducted by exposing the dried and powdered biomass to four heating rates (10, 20, 30 and 40 K min-1) using a Thermogravimetric Analyzer in an inert environment. Thermal data was utilized to explain the reaction chemistry using iso-conversional models of Kissenger-Akahira-Sunose (KSA), Starink and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO). Evaluation of the kinetic parameters such as the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor illustrates the promising Bioenergy Potential of the biomass. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Gas chromatography techniques indicate existence of valuable pyrolysis products such as aliphatic hydrocarbons. Low cost in addition to the abundance of the biomass may facilitates the consumption of the biomass for Bioenergy application in cost efficient and environmental friendly manners.

  • pyrolysis kinetics analysis thermodynamics parameters and reaction mechanism of typha latifolia to evaluate its Bioenergy Potential
    Bioresource Technology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood, Sawsan Abdulaziz Rahimuddin, Ali Elkamel, Jianren Xu, Syed Taha Taqvi, Munazza Gull
    Abstract:

    Abstract This work was focused on understanding the pyrolysis of Typha latifolia. Kinetics, thermodynamics parameters and pyrolysis reaction mechanism were studied using thermogravimetric data. Based on activation energies and conversion points, two regions of pyrolysis were established. Region-I occurred between the conversion rate 0.1–0.4 with peak temperatures 538 K, 555 K, 556 K at the heating rates of 10 K min−1, 30 K min−1, and 50 K min−1, respectively. Similarly, the Region-II occurred between 0.4 and 0.8 with peak temperatures of 606 K, 621 K, 623 K at same heating rates. The best model was diffusion mechanism in Region-I. In Region-II, the reaction order was shown to be 2nd and 3rd. The values of activation energy calculated using FWO and KAS methods (134–204 kJ mol−1) remained same in both regions reflecting that the best reaction mechanism was predicted. Kinetics and thermodynamic parameters including E, ΔH, ΔS, ΔG shown that T. latifolia biomass is a remarkable feedstock for Bioenergy.

José Luiz Francisco Alves - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Exploring Açaí Seed (Euterpe oleracea) Pyrolysis Using Multi-component Kinetics and Thermodynamics Assessment Towards Its Bioenergy Potential
    BioEnergy Research, 2020
    Co-Authors: José Luiz Francisco Alves, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Ricardo Francisco Alves, Silvia Layara Floriani Andersen, Michele Di Domenico, Wendell Venicio De Araujo Galdino, Rennio Felix Sena
    Abstract:

    The novelty of this study is that it presents the first in-depth evaluation of the kinetic triplet and thermodynamic parameters from the pyrolysis of açaí seed ( Euterpe oleracea ), which is the main biowaste from the açaí fruit processing industry. First, the physicochemical characteristics of the açaí seed, i.e., the proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, energy content, bulk density, and Bioenergy density, were determined. Thermogravimetric experiments were then conducted to evaluate the pyrolysis characteristics of the açaí seed, the kinetic triplet ( E _a, A , and f ( α )), and the thermodynamic parameters (Δ H , Δ S , and Δ G ). Three pseudo-components were distinguished from the açai seed pyrolysis profile using the asymmetric double sigmoidal (Asym2sig) function, which was described by the reaction model for the first order, third order, and eighth order, respectively. The Vyazovkin isoconversional method showed values of E _a ranging from 103 to 346 kJ mol^−1 for açaí seed pyrolysis. The kinetic expression was applied to reconstruct the experimental data used ( R ^2 > 0.9210) for the kinetic study and validated with a different experimental condition. The statistical test indicated no significant difference between experimental and calculated curves; therefore, the kinetic parameters are applicable to different thermal conditions. Physicochemical properties and thermodynamic parameters suggested that the açaí seed is a good candidate for Bioenergy conversion through pyrolysis. Açaí seed is a promising feedstock for Bioenergy production, as demonstrated by the kinetic and thermodynamic findings, and this information is important for advancing the design and scale-up of an açai seed pyrolysis process.

  • Determination of the Bioenergy Potential of Brazilian Pine-Fruit Shell via Pyrolysis Kinetics, Thermodynamic Study, and Evolved Gas Analysis
    BioEnergy Research, 2019
    Co-Authors: José Luiz Francisco Alves, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Valdemar Francisco Silva Filho, Ricardo Francisco Alves, Wendell Venicio Araujo Galdino, Silvia Layara Floriani Andersen, Rennio Felix Sena
    Abstract:

    This work provides the first study about the evaluation of the Bioenergy Potential of lignocellulosic waste from Brazilian pine-fruit shell ( Araucaria angustifolia ). Physicochemical characterization, evolved gas from pyrolysis, and kinetic and thermodynamic studies were performed. A thermogravimetric analyzer was used for the pyrolysis experiments, where the runs were performed under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 850 °C at different low heating rates (5, 10, 20, and 30 °C min^−1). The physicochemical characterization of Brazilian pine-fruit shell showed good applicability for the gasification process due to the high fixed carbon content. Similarly, the pyrolysis experiments and FTIR-evolved gas analysis indicate its great Potential for use as a solid biofuel. The kinetic study showed that the Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose method ( ε  = 0.07–0.11%) had a smaller relative error, when compared with the methods of Friedman ( ε  = 5.12–28.89%), Flynn–Wall–Ozawa ( ε  = 0.26–1.21%), and Starink ( ε  = 0.17%), and it was comparable to the Vyazovkin method ( ε  = 0.08–0.09%). Furthermore, the conversion rate curves obtained from kinetic parameters showed a satisfactory behavior, with a high regression coefficient ( R ^2 ≥ 0.9165), thus demonstrating the great applicability of the parameters for the design and optimization of the thermochemical system. The endothermic and nonspontaneous process was observed, based on the positive Δ H , positive Δ G , and positive Δ S values of Brazilian pine-fruit shell. The pyrolysis of Brazilian pine-fruit shell has been identified as a viable alternative for Bioenergy generation, acting as a solution for the final disposal of this agricultural waste biomass.

  • investigation of the Bioenergy Potential of microalgae scenedesmus acuminatus by physicochemical characterization and kinetic analysis of pyrolysis
    Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2019
    Co-Authors: José Luiz Francisco Alves, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Valdemar Francisco Silva Filho, Rosangela Lucio Costa, Seldis Fernando Dos Santos, Regina De Fatima Peralta Muniz Moreira, Humberto Jorge Jose
    Abstract:

    In this work, the Bioenergy Potential of green microalgae Scenedesmus acuminatus was evaluated through the psychochemical characteristics and kinetic study of pyrolysis, where the results indicate a good candidate for application in the thermochemical process due to its low moisture and ash content and high calorific value. Its thermal behavior under a heating rate of 10 °C min−1 and inert atmosphere shows that decomposition occurs in two stages. Stage I (125–309 °C) involves the pyrolysis of carbohydrates and protein and stage II (309–501 °C) the pyrolysis of lipids. The Starink isoconversional method showed a better application for simulation curves, compared with methods of FWO and KAS. The average values of activated energy were 107.1 and 132.6 kJ mol−1 for stages I and II, respectively, which indicates that pyrolysis occurs more easily in stage I than in stage II. The conversion rate curves show that the calculated kinetic parameters are satisfactory for the evaluation of the thermochemical systems.

  • Determination of the Bioenergy Potential of Brazilian pine-fruit shell via pyrolysis kinetics, thermodynamic study, and evolved gas analysis.
    BioEnergy Research, 2019
    Co-Authors: José Luiz Francisco Alves, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Valdemar Francisco Silva Filho, Ricardo Francisco Alves, Wendell Venicio Araujo Galdino, Silvia Layara Floriani Andersen, Rennio Felix Sena
    Abstract:

    This work provides the first study about the evaluation of the Bioenergy Potential of lignocellulosic waste from Brazilian pine-fruit shell (Araucaria angustifolia). Physicochemical characterization, evolved gas from pyrolysis, and kinetic and thermodynamic studies were performed. A thermogravimetric analyzer was used for the pyrolysis experiments, where the runs were performed under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 850 °C at different low heating rates (5, 10, 20, and 30 °C min−1). The physicochemical characterization of Brazilian pine-fruit shell showed good applicability for the gasification process due to the high fixed carbon content. Similarly, the pyrolysis experiments and FTIR-evolved gas analysis indicate its great Potential for use as a solid biofuel. The kinetic study showed that the Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose method (e = 0.07–0.11%) had a smaller relative error, when compared with the methods of Friedman (e = 5.12–28.89%), Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (e = 0.26–1.21%), and Starink (e = 0.17%), and it was comparable to the Vyazovkin method (e = 0.08–0.09%). Furthermore, the conversion rate curves obtained from kinetic parameters showed a satisfactory behavior, with a high regression coefficient (R2 ≥ 0.9165), thus demonstrating the great applicability of the parameters for the design and optimization of the thermochemical system. The endothermic and nonspontaneous process was observed, based on the positive ΔH, positive ΔG, and positive ΔS values of Brazilian pine-fruit shell. The pyrolysis of Brazilian pine-fruit shell has been identified as a viable alternative for Bioenergy generation, acting as a solution for the final disposal of this agricultural waste biomass.

  • Bioenergy Potential of red macroalgae Gelidium floridanum by pyrolysis: Evaluation of kinetic triplet and thermodynamics parameters.
    Bioresource Technology, 2019
    Co-Authors: José Luiz Francisco Alves, Jean Constantino Gomes Silva, Valdemar Francisco Silva Filho, Ricardo Francisco Alves, Wendell Venicio Araujo Galdino, Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad, Muhammad Sarfraz Ahmad, Rennio Felix Sena
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the Bioenergy Potential of red macroalgae GF by evaluating its biofuel physicochemical characteristics, and conducting a kinetic study and thermodynamic analysis of pyrolysis for the first time. The thermal decomposition study was performed at low heating rates (5, 10, 20 and 30 °C min−1) under N2 atmosphere. The thermal behavior of GF pyrolysis indicated the presence of three different decomposition stages, which are associated with different components in its structure and consequently influence the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. The kinetic triplet obtained for GF provided a suitable description of experimental thermal behavior. The thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that GF is as a new promising feedstock for Bioenergy and presented a similar Potential to well-known Bioenergy feedstock.